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8/12/2019 Low Carbon Green Growth Education in Pakistan
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3rdInternational Workshop for EnvironmentalHuman Resources Development
(Hanoi, Vietnam)
2/23/20141
Preparedby
Momeen Khan
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Pakistan Delegation
Mr. Faheem Riaz Khan, DirectorPak Environmental Protection Agency, Pakistan
Mr. Waqar Hussain Abbasi, Deputy Secretary
Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
Mr. Muhammed Razi, Section Officer
Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
Mr. Momeen khan, Subject Specialist
Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
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A Country Study
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Official name Islamic Republic of PakistanCapital Islamabad
Area (Thousands of km2) 796
Total population 177.10 million
Population growth rate 2.06 %
Life expectancy for males**64 years
Life expectancy for females**66 years
Agriculture Growth 1.2 %
Manufacturing Posted Growth 3.0 %
Total revenues collectedRs 1899.0 billion
* Source: Economic Survey
2010-11.
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Greenhouse gas emission by
sector in Pakistan(Source: www.cdmpakistan.gov.pk)
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Pakistan Status & low carbon
Policies
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997
National Environment Policy 2005 - approved
National Energy Conservation Policy 2006approved
National Climate change Policy 2012approved
National Forest Policy (drafted)
Pakistan Energy Conservation Bill 2010Approved
NEQS for Industrial Gaseous Emission, 2000
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Pakistan Environment &Climate Change
Cause of current shocking environmental situation in Pakistan
High Population growth rate
Lack of public awareness and education
Mismanagement of water and natural resources
Unplanned urban and industrial expansion
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8
Pakistans Vulnerability to Climate Change
Increasing Extreme Events experienced over the last two decades:
Sindh 2011,
approximately 5.44 million people affected. The number of deathshas increased to 223, of which 60 are women and 37 are children.To date, 665,821 family homes have been damaged or destroyed.Nearly 297,041 people are currently living in 2,150 relief sites.
Super floodsJuly/August 2010
Over 2000 deaths, 10 million people homeless, $ 10 Billiondamages to infrastructure, farms and houses
Large scale flooding in 1992, 1997, 2003 and 2006;
Historys worst drought during 1999 - 2002;
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Localized Cloud Burst rains and delayed monsoonrains causing urban flooding of Lahore (1996),Islamabad (2001) and in Sindh Province including
Karachi (2009 & 2011); Intense heat waves during 2003, 2005, 2007 and
2010 and 2012 (53.7 0C);
Severe cyclonic storms in 1999, 2007 and 2010.
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The Impacts and Threats
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And this leads to, (cont..)
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Women from Sultan-Abad Mughal village fetch drinking water from a pump surrounded by flood waters in
Dadu district, Sindh province. (Photo by Asad Zaidi UNICEF Pakistan)
Coping with flood waters is part of daily life across southern Pakistan, September 25, 2011. (Photo by theseoduke)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/theseoduke/6182204696/http://www.flickr.com/photos/unicefpakistan/6189025584/http://www.flickr.com/photos/theseoduke/6182204696/http://www.flickr.com/photos/theseoduke/6182204696/http://www.flickr.com/photos/unicefpakistan/6189025584/8/12/2019 Low Carbon Green Growth Education in Pakistan
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Pakistan Green Sector
Forest cover area 4.224 million hectares (5.2% oftotal land area)
Protected area 9,939,480 hectares (225 protectedsites)
Protected area consist of 14 national parks, 99 wildlife sanctuaries, 96 games reserves and 16
unclassified Flowering plants species ---- a total of 5700 species
are recorded (Pakistan Environment Annual Plan2012-13)
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Energy Sector
Energy sector is the top Green house gases emission sector
Due to poverty 85% rural population using wood biomass for
cooking. 25% of Pakistan total energy consumption comesfrom biomass that contribute to 47% of all GHGs emission ofthe country.
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Pakistan and EnvironmentalChallenges
Environment and Climate Change challenges are as under
Environmental degradation costing Pakistans economy
heavily
Population growth-natural resources and poverty
Water and air pollution
Adoption to the impact of climate change to energy, water andfood security
Preparedness for an effective disaster management so as toavoid damage to environment
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Watershed degradation and deforestation
Waste (solid, liquid hazardous) management
Green economy initiative and its impact on Pakistan
Increase energy efficiency
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Pakistan Initiatives toenvironmental challenges
Steps of Government of Pakistan
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997
National Environment Policy 2005 - approved
National Energy Conservation Policy 2006 - approved
National Sanitation Policy 2006 - approved
National Drinking Water Policy 2009approved
National Climate change Policy 2012approved*
National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) Developed
National Forest Policy (drafted)
National Rangeland Policy - Drafted
National Wetlands Policy - Drafted
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Pakistan Trade Control of Wild Fauna and Flora Act, 2010 (presented inNational Assembly).
Pakistan Energy Conservation Bill 2010Approved in Principle
NEQS for Municipal and Industrial Effluents, 2000
NEQS for Industrial Gaseous Emission, 2000
Certification of Environmental Laboratories Regulations, 2000
IEE & EIA Regulations, 2000
Environmental Samples Rules, 2001
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Cont
Self-Monitoring & Reporting by Industry Rules, 2001
Provincial Sustainable Development Fund Board (Procedure) Rules, 2001
Provincial Sustainable Development Fund Board (Utilization) Rules, 2003
Hospital Waste Management Rules, 2005
National Standards for Drinking Water Quality, 2010
NEQS for Ambient Air, 2010
NEQS for Motor Vehicle Exhaust & Noise (Amended), 2010
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National Climate Change policy
The National Climate Change Policy is a fallow upof Planning Commissions Task force on ClimateChange and has been approved by the Federal
Cabinet in March, 2012. the policy mainly addressthe Climate Change impact on food, energy andwater security.
Objectives of the policy
Objective of the policy are to
To pursue the sustainable economic growth byappropriately addressing climate change challenges
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To facilitate and strengthen Pakistan role as a responsiblemember of the international community
To facilitate effective use of financial opportunities available
nationally and internationally
To promote conservation of natural resources and long termsustainability
To ensure Water, food and energy Securities
To minimize the risks arising from floods, droughts and tropicalstorms.
To strengthen inter-ministerial and inter-provincial decision
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Multilateral Environmental
Agreements
In order to address environmental issues of global nature,Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) provide aplatform for strategic cooperative action.
Govt. of Pakistan has ratified 14 MEAs and Ministry ofEnvironment (federal authority) has been declared asDesignated National Authority (DNA) having National FocalPoints (NFPs) for these Conventions/Protocols.
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Conventions/Protocols Ratifiedby the GoP
1. RAMSAR Conventionon Wetlands
2. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)
3. Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals
4. Vienna Convention on protection of Ozone Layer
5. Montreal Protocol on Ozone Layer Depleting Substances
6. United Nations Framework Conventions on Climate Change(UNFCCC)
7. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
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Pakistan Progress 2011-12
More than 200 projects are under implementationboth at Federal and Provincial levels forfacing/combating Climate Change challenges..
Provincial governments have also allocatedsufficient funds for the implementation of forestry,wildlife and fisheries sector project.
The following table illustrates theprograms/projects and funding which were undertaken during the period of 2011-12
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Federal, Provincial and Areas programs 2011-12
Territory Projects (Nos) Allocation (Million)
Federal Government 16 350
Punjab 42 1210
Sindh 30 897
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 59 690
Balochistan 2 20
FATA 38 802
Gilgit Baltistan 8 43
AJ&k 16 279
Total 211 4291
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Eighteen Amendment andProvincial policies and programs
The 18 Amendment has been a turning point in Pakistansenvironmental management history and proved as a source ofpower for provincial governments.
Provincial governments allocated separate funds for thefollowing programs
Carbon Sequestration (Forestry sector)
Wildlife sector
Fisheries sector
Details of these fund and projects are mentioned in the table
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Provincial and Areas Government Finding 2011-12
Province/territory Forest Sector Wildlife sector Fisheries sector
Punjab 470 Million fund 395 Million (12projects)
370 Million (6projects)
Sindh NA NA NA
KhyberPakhtunkhwa
434 Million (46projects)
183 Million (13projects)
400 Million (2projects)
Balochistan 20 Million NA 393Million (9projects)
Azad Jammu &Kashmir
28 Million (4projects)
15 Million NA
Gilgit-Baltistan 11Million (4 NA 3 Million
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An action plan for implementation of NationalClimate Change policy is being finalized
A Climate Change Adaption Fund is proposed foropportunities available under environment andclimate change multilateral organizations
Involvement of private sector and NGO for effectiveand efficient conservation and management ofnatural resources
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Conclusions and the WayForward
A climate-smart world is within reach, if we act now, act
together, and act differently from the past what is
required is a paradigm shift to a low carbon (or even
carbon-neutral) development path.
Need to transform the energy sector toward much higher
energy efficiency and more widespread deployment of
low-carbon technologies.
Need to scale-up research and development for newtechnologies in order to leapfrog to the clean energy
revolution.
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Green Economy substitutes clean energy and lowcarbon technologies for fossil fuels addressingclimate change, creating decent jobs and reducing
oil import dependencies.
New/Clean technologies promoting energy andresource efficiency provide growth opportunity innew directions, offsetting brown economy joblosses.
In the age of accelerating climate change, its time torethink and redefine traditional measures of wealth,prosperity and well-being
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