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LONDON IN PICTURES AND FACTS

1. Can you name the sights in each picture? Write your answers into the worksheet given.

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HISTORY

Roman Times 50 AD 410 AD

Londinium was established as a civilian town by the Romans. The Roman occupation of Britain came to an end.

Anglo- Saxon Rule

1042 Edward the Confessor founded Westminster Abbey.

Norman and Medieval Times

1348

London Bridge (the only bridge over the river Thames for more than 600 years)Tower of London, St. Paul's CathedralFrench influence on languageBlack Death (plague epidemic)

Tudor London 1485-1603

Protestantism, Dissolution of monasteries, Shakespeare and the Globe, publishing houses, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I.The population of London is about 250,000.

Stuart London 1603 - 17141666

James I, Plague, Hyde Park open to the public, Covent Garden. The Great Fire destroys 13 200 houses.New London in brick, baroque Westminster, Banks, Hospitals,Queen Anne.

18th Century Industrial Revolution, Buckingham Palace, Fleet Street, coffee houses, Slave trade, alcoholism, crime.

19th Century 1851 Rapid population growth, slums, poverty, Charles Dickens, Metropolitan Police (Robert Peele), railway, sewage system, The Great Exhibition in Crystal Palace, Imperialism, Queen Victoria. Trafalgar Square, Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament, Tower Bridge, Royal Albert Hall, Victoria and Albert Museum.

20th Century 19401948 1950s1960s1970s - 1980s

The Blitz, Nazi bombardment of LondonSummer OlympicsQueen Elizabeth IIImmigrants from Jamaica, India, Pakistan, BangladeshThe Beatles, fashion and music Margaret Thatcher, racial riots, punk

Modern London

20052012

Millennium Dome in Greenwich, London Eye.Terrorist attacks on the double-decker buses.Olympics and Paralympics

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CONTEMPORARY LONDON

● Population of London is over 8million people making it the biggest city in Europe.

● London is one of the major centre for the global economy, finances and international business.

The City finance, broking, insurance, legal

Westminster head offices, real estate, private banking, hedge funds, government

Camden & Islington creative industries, finance, design, art, fashion, architecture

Canary Wharf banking, media, legal

Lambeth & Southwark accountancy, consultancy, local government

● London contains four World Heritage Sites:

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UNESCOThe Tower of LondonHer Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress is a historic castle with often bloody history.

The Historic Settlement of Greenwich.Greenwich is known for its maritime history and the Meridian. It hosts university and the National Maritime Museum.

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Margaret's Church

The Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey

Originally built by Benedictines in the 12th century. Westminster Abbey is a place of society weddings and many notable burials took place there.

The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew was founded in 1759, and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003

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OTHER FAMOUS PLACESBig Ben and the Houses of Parliament

It is the supreme legislative body in the UK and at its head is the Sovereign, Queen Elizabeth II.

London EyeThis giant observation wheel was open to public in 2000. It is 135m tall.

The GlobeShakespeare 's theatre

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Trafalgar squareThe name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, a naval victory over Napoleonic France. Nelsons' Column guarded by four lion statues is located in the centre of the square, which is used for community gatherings.

Piccadilly CircusThis square is called a circus, meaning a round open space at a street junction.

The present church dating from the late 17th century was built to an English Baroque design by Sir Christopher Wren, as as part of a major rebuilding program which took place in the city after the Great Fire in 1666, and was completed within his lifetime.

It is a seat of Bishop of London.

St Paul's Cathedral

Buckingham Palacehas been used as a royal residence since 1837. It is a principal workplace of the British Monarch.

Queen Victoria Monument was erected in front of the palace in the year of her coronation.

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Canary Wharf is located on the West India Docks. From 1802, the area was one of the busiest docks in the world. By the 1950s, the port industry began to decline, leading to the docks closing by 1980. It is one of London's two main financial centres – along with the traditional City of London.

The second tallest building of London is the One Canada Square Tower.

Tower Bridge over the river Thames, the Embankment with Canary Wharf

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PARKS

Speakers' Corner

Hyde Park and the 2005 London Bombings Memorial

St James's Park

On Sundays, anyone can come to the Speaker ' s corner and speak about whatever he/she likes

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TRANSPORT

● London is the first city in the world to have an underground railway, which is known as the tube. ● London has got four airports: Gatwick, Heathrow, Stansted, Luton● Other means of transport are the red double-decker buses, taxis (cabs), bicycles, trains or boats. 

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CULTURE

The British Museum was established 1753. Originally containing antiquities, natural history specimens and the national library, the museum now has 7 million artefacts from around the globe

The Nation Gallery at Trafalgar Square.The British National collection of Western Art to 1900 is held there.

The Natural History MuseumIs located in South Kensington that was developed as Albertopolis, a cultural and scientific quarter.

All the major theatres are located in the West End.

One of the biggest carnivals in the world takes place in the Notting Hill

Opera and ballet are based in Covent Garden and Royal Opera House

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PEOPLEAccording to an article in the Guardian „more than 300 languages are spoken by the people of London, and the city has at least 50 non-indigenous communities with populations of 10,000 or more.“

The biggest ethnic communities are Pakistani, Indian, Black African and Jamaican, and Asian.

Ethnic Group % of London's population[4]

White 69.7

White British 57.7

White Irish 2.2

Other White 8.0

Mixed 3.5

White and Black Caribbean

1.0

White and Black African

0.7

White and South Asian

1.0

Other Mixed 1.0

South Asian 13.2

Indian 6.2

Pakistani 2.8

Bangladeshi 2.2

Other South Asian 2.0

Black 10.1

Black Caribbean 4.0

Black African 5.3

Other Black 0.8

East Asian or Other 3.5

Chinese 1.8

Other 1.7

Total population 7,753,600

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The EndThank You