LO: SWBAT describe the connection between DNA and proteins

DN: What is a protein? What are the building blocks of proteins?

HW: Castle Learning- DNA

Proteins

• Long chains (polymers) of

• They are formed from different amino acids.

Amino acids

20

REMEMBER–The of amino acids

influences the proteins shape.

–The shape of a protein gives it it’s

sequence

function

DNA-PROTEIN CONNECTION

• contain coded information

• This information is used to make

that are required for it’s shape and function.

Genes

proteins

Where does protein synthesis take place?

RIBOSOMES

• Ribosomes construct proteins bases on the cell’s code.

• Parent and offspring produce similar

- that is why there is

between them. They produce similar

genetic

Characteristics/traits

resemblanceproteins

• Proteins are made using a person’s

(DNA)

• In order to do this, is used

genetic code

RNA

RNA

• • • stranded.• Nitrogenous bases are:

– A- adenine– U- uracil– C- cytosine– G- guanine

Instead of T (thymine),

A pairs up with U (uracil)

Ribonucleic AcidRibose (sugar)

single

Fill in the RNA strand:

DNA : C A G A T G T A A C T G T A A C T

RNA : G U C U A C A U U G A C A U U G A

**T from the DNA strand will still pair up with on the RNA strand, but A on the DNA

strand will pair up with on the RNA strand.

AU

There are two types of RNA. Both of them help with protein synthesis

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Copies genetic code from

• This is called

• Brings code to

*** remember, when it copies the code from DNA, A will pair up with - there will not by any in RNA.

DNA

transcriptionribosome

UT

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Brings to the ribosome for protein assembly. This is called

amino acids

translation

Comparing DNA and RNA

DNA BOTH RNA

Double stranded larger

single stranded smaller

thymine uracil

deoxyribose ribose

nucleus 2 types

mRNA and tRNA

Genetic information

Nucleic Acid

Nucleotides

(sugar, phosphate, base)

1. DNA controls cellular activities most directly by coding for the synthesis ofa. inorganic compounds c. carbohydratesb. enzymes d. fatty acids

2. Which base is normally found in the synthesis of RNA but not in the synthesis of DNA?a. adenine c. uracilb. cytosine d. guanine

3.The care of a virus may contain either DNA or RNA. To identify which nucleic acid is present, a biochemist could chemically analyze the virus for the presence ofa. guanine c. cytosineb. ribose d. phosphate

4. Which of the following nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides?a. DNA only c. Messenger RNA onlyb. Transfer RNA only d. DNA, mRNA,

and tRNA

5. one similarity between DNA and mRNA is that they both containa. the same sugar c. uracilb. double stranded polymers d. genetic

code based on sequences

of bases