;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday

sf7df8f}+ . gfd ls;fg ePklg sfd ls;fgdo x'g g;s]sf] eGb} kl/of]hgf ;~rfng ePb]lv g} ljleGg vfn] ljjfbdf d'l5Psf] cd]l/sL ;xof]u lgof]u o"P;PcfO{l8sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ;~rflnt ls;fg kl/of]hgf ;lsg !! lbg jfsL x'+b} ;dfkg u/]/ ls;fg @ kl/of]hgfsf] z'?jft ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . s[lif ljsf; dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo gu/Lsg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] eGb} ljutdf lgs} ljjfbdf cfPsf] ls;fg kl/of]hgfsf ;dfkg ;df/f]x / ls;fg @ kl/of]hgfsf] z'ef/De sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf eg] s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf ;lrj 8f ;'/f]h kf]v/]nn] u/]kl5 sfo{qmddf rrf{ rn]sf] xf] .

ljz]if s[lif ljsf; dGqfnon] cfkm}n] u/]sf] sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly dGqL jf dflyNnf txsf JolQm ePsf] cj:yfdf ;lrjn] sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf ug]{ rng 5 . t/ pQm rngnfO{ tf]8\b} s[lif ;lrj 8f ;'/f]h kf]v/]nn] cGt/f{li6«o

◆ jif{ ^ ◆ cÍ # ◆ @)&$ ;fpg @# ut] ;f]daf/ ◆ August 7, 2017 d"No ?= !)÷–

s[lifsf] nufgL kf/bzL{ agfcf}+, k/Dk/fut xf]Og Joj;flos agf}+, s'/fsf] v]tL xf]Og, v]tLsf] s'/f u/f}+ .

x/]s If0f x/]s lbg dfq s[lif ;dfrf/sf] nflu www.krishionline.com

g]kfnsf] klxnf]

Nepal's First Agriculture Weekly ;fKtflxs

la=l6= Pn\= sDkgLsf kfj/ l6n/ tyf ldgL l6n/af6 v]tL u/f}+, sd vr{df cTolws pTkfbg a9fcf}+ .

ljjflbt ls;fg kl/of]hgfdf ;lrjn] u/] x:tfIf/

u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] sfo{qmddf cfltYotf gu/L cWoIftf g} u|x0f ug'{nfO{ z+sfsf b[li6sf]0fn] x]l/Psf] 5 . t/ ;f] cfof]hgfsf] lgb]{zg ;ldltsf] cWoIf ePs} gftfn] cWoIftf u/]s]f eGg] ul/G5 . jif{sf] b'O{ k6s klg

lgb]{zg ;ldltsf] j}7s gj:g] ;f] cfof]hgfn] j}7s afx]ssf cj:yfdf ;lrjnfO{ j}7ssf] nflu ;d]t af]nfpg u/]sf] 5}g . ;f] cfof]hgfn] lgb]{zg ;ldltsf] j}7sdf ;lrjnfO{ cWoIftf u|x0f u/fpg] afx]s s[lif

sf7df8f}+ . kz'kG5L ljsf; dGqfno dftxtdf /x]sf] b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfgsf dxfk|jGws u+ufk|;fb ltldN;]gfn] sd{rf/L egf{ Pj+ w"nf] b"w vl/b k|lqmofdf cfly{s clgoldttf u/]sf] eGb} b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfgdf sfo{/t ;a} sd{rf/L ;+u7gx?n] dxfk|jGws ltldN;]gfnfO{ sfo{sIf k|j]zdf sl/j Ps xKtf /f]s nufP . Ps ;ftfkl5 ltldN;]gf sfo{sIfdf k|j]z u/] . s[lif dGqL xl/k|;fb k/fh'nLsf kfnfdf lgo'lQm ePsf ltldN;]gfn] dxfk|jGws ePb]lv g} cfly{s clgoldttf ug{ yfn]sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] 5 .

ef/taf6 cfoft ul/Psf] w"nf] b"w vl/b k|lqmofdf ;d]t cfly{s rvn]v u/]sf pgn] Dofb ;lsg # dlxgf jfFsL w"nf] b"w vl/b u/L To;}af6 b"w pTkfbg u/]sf lyP . Dofb u'lh|g nfu]sf] c:j:Yo b"w pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ VjfP/ dxfk|jGwsn] pkef]Qmfsf] :jf:Yo dflyg} v]naf8 u/]sf 5g\ . ltldN;]gf u/]sf cfly{s clgoldttfsf] ph'/L clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]udf k/]sf] 5 . ;f] ph'/L dfly 5fgljg eO{/x]sf] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] atfPsf] 5 .

sfof{no leq g} x'g] vl/b k|lqmofdf clgoldttf dfq xf]Og lrtjgsf] b"w lr:ofg s]Gb|af6 cfof]hgfdf b"w cfoft ubf{ ;d]t x/]s lbg * xhf/ ln6/ b"wdf @ xhf/ ln6/ kfgL ld;fP/ b}lgs *) xhf/ Pp6} lr:ofg s]Gb|df clgoldttf u/]sf] ;d]t ph'/L k/]sf] 5 .

TolQdfq xf]Og s]xL dlxgf cufl8 sd{rf/L egf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpFbf ;d]t nfdf] ;do;Dd ;+:yfgdf g} sfd u/]sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|fyldstfdf gkf/L k|lt JolQm % nfv ?k}oFfsf b/n] 3'; lnP/ egf{ u/]sf] eGb} sd{rf/Lx? cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf 5g\ . Pdfn] cWoIf s]kL cf]nL cfkm\gf bflxgf ePsfn] s;}n] xNnfpg g;Sg]

atfpg] b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfgsf

dxfk|jGws u+ufk|;fb ltldN;]gfsf]

/j}sf sf/0f ;+:yfg leqs} Pdfn] lgs6 sd{rf/L ;+u7g ;d]t clxn] pgsf ljkIfdf plePsf 5g\ .

clxn] pgs} lgb]{zgdf ef/taf6 b}lgs @) xhf/ ln6/ b"w cfoft ul/+b} cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnL ls;fgx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf] b"wnfO{ $) b]lv $@ ?k}ofF k|ltln6/ ;+:yfgn] lbg] u/]sf] ePklg ef/taf6 eg] k|ltln6/ ^% ?k}ofFsf b/n] cfoft ul/Psf] 5 . rsf]{ d"Nodf b"w cfoft ubf{ klg cfly{s clgoldttf ul/Psf] cfGbf]ng/t sd{rf/Lx?n] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .

cfly{s clgoldttf eof] eGb} l8l8;Ldf aa08/

===afFsL k[i7 # df

v8]/Lsf gfddf ah]6 :jfxf kfg]{ bfp

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday@

cfˆg} ;"rgf

g]kfnsf] klxnf] s[lif ;fKtflxssf ?kdf k|sflzt s[lif ;fKtflxsdf tkfOFsf If]qsf eP÷u/]sf s[lif If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;"rgf÷;dfrf/ jf n]v÷/rgfx? 5g\ eg] xfdLnfO{ laxLaf/leq k7fpg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

s[lif ;fKtflxs, cgfdgu/kmf]g M )!–$&&))%(

Od]nM sajnepal@gmail.comWeb: www.krishionline.com

;Dks{

;DkfbsLo

s[lifdf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|efjsf gfddf cjf}+ vr{

kl5Nnf] ;dodf hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] s[lif If]qdf kf/]sf] k|efjsf af/]df ljb]zL bft[lgsfox?n]

cg';Gwfg ug]{ gfddf cjf}} + ?k}ofF vr{ u/]sf]

b]lvG5 . g]kfn hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] c;/sf]

cToGt hf]lvddf /x]sf] d'n's ePsf] pgLx?n]

cf}NofPsf klg 5g\ . ljz]if u/L ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3

ljsf; sfo{qmddf hf]l8Psf Pj+ cGo cGt/f{li6«o

u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] s[lifdf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf]

k|efjsf gfddf dfq 7"nf] /sd vr{ ul/Psf]

b]lvG5 . ljut rf/ jifsf] cjlwnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg]

hnjfo' kl/tj{g;Fu ;DjlGwt ah]6 ljlgof]lht

ePsf d'Vo If]qx?df klg cfly{s dfldnfdf

kg]{ If]q eGb} s[lif, oftfoft, OGwg tyf phf{,

cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; Pj+ cGo pBf]u elgPsf] 5 . To; dWo] ;j} eGbf a9L vr{ s[lif ul/Psf] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 ljsf; sfo{qmd Pj+ o's]P8n] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] tYof+sdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

s[lif If]qdf hjjfo' kl/jt{gn] kf/]sf] k|efjsf gfddf cjf}+ ?k}ofF vr{ ul/+bf klg g]kfnL ls;fgx?sf nflu To;af6 s] pknlAw eof] k|Zg lrGx v8f ePsf] 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 ljsf; sfo{qmd, o's] P8,

ue{g]G; ckm SnfO{d]6 r]Gh kmfOgfG;, lk|m8d

kmf]/d ;d]tn] hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] k|efj kfg]{ If]q

dWo] cfly{s dfldnfdf kg]{ If]q eGb} pNn]lvt

If]qdf cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷&! b]lv @)&#÷&$ ;Dddf

@ vj{ &$ cj{ @ s/f]8 vr{ ul/;s]s]f b]lvG5 .

To; dWo] s[lif If]qdf ! vj{ !) cj{ %( s/f]8

%@ nfv vr{ u/]s]f tYof+sdf b]lvPsf] 5 .

To;}u/L rfn' cfly{s jif{df klg ! vj{ ( cj{ @

s/f]8 ah]6 ljlgof]lht u/]sf] b]lvG5 eg] s[lifdf

To;sf] $% k|ltzt cyf{t $( cj{ !$ s/f]8

?k}ofF vr{ ug]{ tof/L ul/Psf] 5 .

rfn' cfly{s jif{df s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf]

ah]6 g} s/Lj @$ cj{ b]lvG5 eg] u}/;/sf/L

;+:yfx?n] s[lifdf hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] kfg] { k|efjsf]

cg';Gwfg nufotsf sfo{ ug{ dfq dGqfnosf]

ah]6sf] bf]Aj/ ah]6 vr{ ul/g'nfO{ s;/L x]g] { < s] s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf] ;DjlGwt lgsfon] o; tkm{ rf;f] b]nf jf km]l/ oxL gfddf ljb]z e|d0fdf hfnf <

hut\sf] cfwf/ g} s[lif xf] . s[lif ljgf g hLjg ;Dej 5 g pBf]u clg cf}Bf]lusLs/0f g} . t/ klg s[lif k|wfg b]zsf ?kdf /x]sf] g]kfndf s[lif n] oyf]lrt k|fyldstf kfPsf] b]lv+b}g . of] g]kfndf dfq x}g ;+;f/ el/s} cj:yf p:t} /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

g]kfn cfh ;+3Lotfsf] sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf 5 . :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg ev{/ dfq} ;lsPsf] 5 eg] & ;o $$ :yfgLo txdf ljleGg ljifo / If]q;Fu ;DjGwLt sd{rf/Lx? laleGg lgsfoaf6 :yfgLo lgsfodf k7fpg] tof/L klg x'Fb}5, slt sd{rf/Lx? :yfgLo lgsfodf sfhdf ?kdf ;?jf eP/ uO{;s]sf klg 5g\ .

t/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf k|zf;g / Sni6/df /x]sf cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf] ljjfb klg ;fj{hlgs eO{/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf ljjfbn] kSs} klg :yfgLo txsf] ljsf;sf nflu d2t k'Ug] ;+s]t b]lvFb}g .

:yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg kl5 x]g]{ xf] eg] l;+xb/af/sf] clwsf/ :yfgLo txdf eGg] gf/fn] ubf{ klg s]xL ljifox? km/flsnf] x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . s] ;fFRr} l;+xb/af/sf] clwsf/ :yfgLo txdf k'u]sf] xf] t <

s[lif If]qsf] dfq s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] klg :yfgLo lgsfon] s[lifsf] s] s:tf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ / k|b]z tyf s]G› ;/sf/n] s] s:tf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ eGg] nueu to 5 . t/ s[lif pTkfbsTj a[l4 ug{sf nflu of] afWosf/L geP/ ;DalGwt txsf] ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] cfo>f]t / cfly{s Ifdtf / :yfgLo cfjZostfdf e/ kg]{ s'/f klg xf] . xfn sfo{/t ;a} sd{rf/L s]G› ;/sf/d} /xg] ;Defjgf w]/} Go'g 5 lsgeg] lxhf] s[lif dGqfno / s[lif laefun] ug]{ w]/} sfd :yfgLo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/n] g} ug]{ Joj:yf 5 .

;+3Lotf / :yfgLo lgsfodf s[lifsf] cj:yf

t;y{ clxn]sf] ;d:of eg]sf] s]lG›o ;/sf/n] lgo'Qm u/]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] Joj:yfkg s;/L ug]{ eGg] g} xf] .

Psflt/ s]G› ;/sf/df cfaZostf eGbf a9L sd{rf/L 5g\ eg] :yfgLo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/ ev{/} u7gsf] qmddf ePsf] x'gfn] sd{rf/L cfaZostf /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . t;y{ xfn ePsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ :yfgLo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/df cfjZos kg]{ b/aGbLdf ;dfof]hg gu/L csf]{ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf g} 5}g . t/ ;d:of s] 5 eg] ;dfof]hg kZrft ;?jf tyf a9'jfsf] Joj:yf s] x'g] xf] eGg] lrGtf sd{rf/L ju{df /x]sf] 5 . t;y{ xfnsf] cj:yfdf sd{rf/L ;dfof]hgsf] nflu tkl;n cg';f/ ug{' cfjZos b]lvG5 .

!= sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hg ubf{ :yfgLo lgsfosf] lhDd]jf/L cg';f/sf] ;fFu7lgs ;e]{If0f u/L s[lif If]qsf] nflu s] slt sd{rf/L rflxG5 olsg u/L :yfgLo lgsfosf] dfu cg';f/ ;dfof]hg ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

@= sd{rf/L Aoj:yfkg ubf{ vf; u/L sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] nflu v'nf k|lt:kwf{ u/L u/fO{ lhDd]jf/L lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] . o;f] ubf{ sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] nflu cfaZos laz]if lhDd]jf/Lsf] nflu cfaZos kg]{ bIftf ljsf;sf] nflu tfnLdsf] Aoj:yf ldnfpg] . nfdf] ;do u[x dGqfno dftxt sfd u/]sf] sd{rf/L :yfgLo lgsfosf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg ;Sg] t/ k|flalws ;d'xsf sd{rf/Laf6 sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{ ;Sb}gg eGg] k"jf{u|xaf6 d'Qm x'g] .

#= :yfgLo lgsfo nufot k|b]z / ;+3df sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] Go'gtd !) aif{df sDtLdf Ps / hflu/ calwe/

sDtLdf b'O{ tx a9'jf kfpg] Aoj:yf ug]{ .

$= k|b]z :t/df sfod b/aGbLdf kbk"lt{ ubf{ :yfgLo lgsfodf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] nflu sDtLdf @% k|ltzt l;6 cfGtl/s k|lt:kwf{af6 kbk"lt{ ug]{ / &% k|ltzt v'nf k|lt:kwf{af6 lng] Aoj:yf ldnfpg] . ;+3Lo sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQmdf klg oxL Joj:yf ug]{ . o;f] ubf{ sd{rf/Lx?aLr u'0f:t/ tyf Ifdtf ljsf; klg lg/Gt/ x'g] / hLjge/ Ps} :yfgdf sfd ug{'kg]{ xf] sL eGg] lrGtf klg ug{' gkg]{ x'G5 .

%= hxfF;Dd ah]6 ljlgof]hgsf] s'/f 5, :yfgLo dfu / cfaZostfsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo lgsfos} cu'jfO{df ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{' dgflzj x'G5 . xfn sfhdf vl6Psf sd{rf/Lx?n] sfd} kfPgg eGg] lrGtf 5, s[lif k|flalwsx?sf] sfd eg]sf] k|flalws ;]jf g} klxnf] sfd xf] . s[ifsx?nfO{ k|flalws ;]jf lbg cfaZos Ifdtf lasf; u/L ;dofg's'n ;]jf lbg Ifdtf ljsf; ug{' klxnf] cfaZstf xf] sL <

^= ljutdf ;]jf s]G›n] lbFb} cfPsf] ;]jf g} :yfgLo lgsfox?af6 k|jfx x'g] xf], t;y{ pRr :t/sf] sd{rf/L :yfgLo lgsfodf a;]/ sfd ubf{ lxhf] eGbf u'0f:t/Lo ;]jfsf] ;'lglZrt ug{ ;lsof] eg] Tof] g} ;Fl3otfsf] pknlAw x'g]5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;/sf/n] s[lif If]qdf nufgL a9fpg] s'/fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbFb} cfPsf] 5 . To;sf nflu k|lalw la:tf/df ;/sf/L nufgL cToGt} cfjZos 5 t/ ;/sf/L nufgLdf Joj;flos/0f x'g ;Sb}g eGg] cg'ejn] b]vfPs} 5 . t;y} ;/sf/L If]qaf6 k"af{wf/ ljsf;df Wofg lbg cfaZos nufgL h'6fpg] sfd eg] k|b]z tyf s]G› ;/sf/af6 x'g cfaZos 5 .

t]haxfb'/ ;'j]bL

k|b]z :t/df sfod b/aGbLdf kbk"lt{ ubf{ :yfgLo lgsfodf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] nflu sDtLdf @% k|ltzt l;6 cfGtl/s k|lt:kwf{af6 kbk"lt{ ug]{ / &% k|ltzt v'nf k|lt:kwf{af6 lng] Aoj:yf ldnfpg] . ;+3Lo sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQmdf klg oxL Joj:yf ug]{ .

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday #

klxnf] k[i7af6

ljsf; dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo g} gu/]sf sf/0f ljutdf ljjfbdf cfPsf] xf] . t/ klg cd]l/sL ;xof]u lgof]u o"P;PcfO{l8sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ;~rflnt ls;fg cfof]hgfdf s[lif ;lrj dfq xf]Og pRr clwsf/Lx? g} cfGtl/s ?kdf ;lqmo /x]s]f s[lif ljsf; dGqfno >f]tn] atfPsf] 5 .

kfFrtf/] ¥ofl8;g xf]6ndf ePsf] ls;fg kl/of]hgf ;dfKt x'g' !! lbg cufj} ul/Psf] ;dfkg sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltlysf ?kdf s[lif dGqL /fds[i0f ofbjnfO{ lgdGq0f ul/Psf] ePklg ;f] sfo{qmddf dGqL pkl:yt ePgg\ . t/ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmddf s[lif ;lrjn] cWoIftf u|x0f plrt lyof] < eGg] k|Zg plAhPsf] eg] 5 .

ls;fg kl/of]hgf z'? ePb]lv g} dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo gu/L kl/of]hgf ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf ljutb]lv g} ls;fg kl/of]hgfsf] sfo{qmddf cWoIftf u|x0f s[lif ;lrjn] lsg ul//x]sf 5g\ eGg] k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 . d+unaf/ cfof]lht sfo{qmddf ls;fg @ cfof]hgfsf] ;+of]hg ug]{ sfuhdf s[lif ;lrj 8f ;'/f]h kf]v|/]nn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

ls;fg cfof]hgfsf] ;+of]hg ug]{ u/L x:tfIf/ u/]sf ;lrjn] ls;fg cfof]hgf @ nfO{ s'g ?kdf

lj/f6gu/, ;fpg . s]xL lbg cufl8;Dd t/fO{sf ljleGg lhNnfdf kfgL gk/]/ v8]/L/n] ubf{ ls;fgx?n] wfg /f]Kg kfPgg\ . v]tdf /fv]sf wfgsf jLp kx]n} eP/ ;'Sg yfn] . t/ s[lif pTkfbsTj a[l4 ug]{ kmf];|f] efif0f 5f\6\b} cfO{/x]sf s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf pRr clwsf/Lx?n] nfdf] ;do;Dd Wofg k'¥ofpg ;s]gg\ .

;fpgsf] !% gf3]kl5 aNn v8]/Lsf sf/0f t/fO{ If]qdf k/]sf] k|efjsf] cWoog ug{ s[lif ljsf; dGqfnon] kfFr ;b:oLo 6f]nL u7g u¥of] . v8]/Lsf] k|efjsf] cWoog ug{ lhNnf gk'Ub} aiff{ eof] . aiff{sf sf/0f ls;fgx? pT;flxt t eP t/ wfg /f]Kgsf] nflu aLpsf] cefj Ho"Fsf To"F 5 .

ljjflbt ===== v8]/Lsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu eGb} s[lif ljsf; dGqfno 7"nf] ah]6 ;lxtsf] sfo{qmd klg agfPsf] 5 . oltv]/ s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf pRr clwsf/L uf]li7sf gfddf lj/f6gu/df efif0f 7f]ls/x]sf 5g\ . t/ ls;fgn] kfPsf] b'vsf af/]df af]Ng ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .

of] jf Tof] gfddf ah]6 l;Wofpg dflx/ dflgPsf s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf pRr clwsf/Lx?n] t/fO{df lg/Gt/ aiff{ ePklg oltv]/ v8]/Lsf] rrf{ rnfpg yfn]sf dfq xf]Ogg\ ah]6 :jfxf kfg]{ bfpdf 5g\ . s[lif

ljsf; dGqfno >f]tsf cg';f/

jiff{ ePklg v8]/Lsf nflu

5'6\ofPsf] sfo{qmd / ah]6nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] kIfdf dGqfnosf pRr clwsf/L 5g\ .

v8]/L x'Fbf ;Dd df}g a:g] pRr clwsf/Lx?nfO{ cj jiff{ kZrft v8]/Lsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ul7t ;ldltn] s:tf] k|ltj]gb a'emfpg] 5 . / sfo{qmdsf] ah]6 s;/L l;Wofpg] 5 eGg] ljifodf x]g]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .

v8]/Lsf gfddf===

x]g]{ 5g\ . of] cfof]hgfn] jLp tyf dn pTkfbgdf ;xof]u ug]{ sfo{qmd hfgsf/L lbPsf] ePklg s;/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{, To;sf] ah]6 slt xf] / lhNnfdf sf];Fu ;dGjo u/]/ sfo{qmd ug]{ 5 eGg] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L eg] lbOPsf] 5}g .

eb|k'/ . cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ df lhNnfsf] ;du| s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmdsf nflu s'n ? !) s/f]8 @@ nfv *^ xhf/ vr{ ePsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no emfkfn] hgfPsf] 5 .

pQm sfo{qmdsf nflu ut cfly{s jif{df ? !$ s/f]8 *# nfv ^# xhf/ ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] lyof] . ljlgof]lht ah]6dWo] ^* bzdnj ($ k|ltzt dfq vr{ ePsf] s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf jl/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t k|sfz

8fFuLn] atfpg'eof] . sfof{nosf cg';f/, ;f]

calwdf s[lif k|;f/df ? Ps s/f]8 @^ nfv rf/ xhf/, ;xsf/Lv]tL l;FrfOdf ? #( nfv, cfn' t/sf/L tyf d;nf ljsf; sfo{qmddf ? gf} nfv () xhf/, dT:o ljsf; sfo{qmddf ? $! nfv, afnL ;+/If0f sfo{qmddf ? Ps nfv ^$ xhf/, afnL ljsf; sfo{qmddf ? &% nfv !* xhf/, ljz]if s[lif pTkfbg sfo{qmddf ? !) nfv, cfO8An'cf/PdkL sfo{qmddf ? cf7 nfv () xhf/, ;LPdcfOPP;kL

sfo{qmddf ? #( nfv *) xhf/, k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgsL/0f kl/of]hgfdf ? 5 s/f]8 ^& nfv $) xhf/, s[lif ljsf; /0fgLlt cg'udg tyf ;dGjo sfo{qmddf ? b'O{ nfv vr{ ePsf 5g\ .

jl/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t 8fFuLn] emfkfdf s'n v]tLof]Uo (* xhf/ &!^ x]S6/ hUufdWo] () xhf/ x]S6/df dfq v]tL eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbb}+ /fHon] s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;df u/]sf] nufgLn] s[lif / s[ifs b'a}nfO{ nfeflGjt agfPsf] atfpg'eof] .

emfkf s[lif sfof{nosf] vr{ !) s/f]8

ldofdL . ljZj tfkdfg j[l4;Fu} sfa{g8fOcS;fO8sf] a9\bf] k|efjsf sf/0f b}lgs pkef]Uo rfdn, ux'Fh:tf s[lif pTkfbgdf kfOg] k|f]l6gsf] dfqfdf klg sdL cfpg] cg';Gwfgn] hgfPsf] 5 .

o;}xKtf ;fj{hlgs Ps cWoog k|ltj]bgn] vfBfGg k|of]usf b[li6n] clt;+j]bgzLn dflgg] ul/aL tyf clzIffsf] df/ v]Kb} cfPsf hg;+VofaLr vfBfGgdf kfOg] k|f]l6gdf sdL cfpFbf zf/Ll/s ljsf;df ;d:of pTkGg x'g] tyf cNkfo'df g} d[To' x'g] lj1x¿n] r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ .

c g ' ; G w f g s t f { n ] sfa{g8fOcS;fO8n] s;/L / lsg s[lif pTkfbgdf /x]sf] k|f]l6g tyf cGo kf]if0f gi6 u5{ eGg] ljifodf cg';Gwfg hf/L /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . t/ of] g} ljZjel/ /x]sf] hg;+Vofsf] ljgfzsf] kl/0ffd aGg] /x:o cg';Gwfgn] atfPsf] 5 .

jftfj/0fdf sfa{g8fO cS;fO8sf] a9\bf] dfqfsf sf/0f ;g\ @)%) ;Dddf ljZje/ sl/a !% s/f]8 yk hg;+Vofdf k|f]l6gsf]

sdL b]lvg] …OGefP/f]Gd]G6n l/;r{ n]6;{Ú gfds hf]g{ndf k|sflzt xfj{8{ o'lgel;{6Lsf] cWoog k|ltj]bgdf atfOPsf] xf] .

of] ;d"xn] klxnf] k6s ljZjJofkL tfkdfg j[l4sf sf/0f vfB afnLdf /x]sf] k|f]l6gsf] kl/0ffd lgwf{/0fdf cWoog ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] lyof]] .

pQm ;d"xn] v'nf If]qdf ul/Psf] k/LIf0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf sfa{g8fOcS;fO8 af]6la?jfdf a9L s]lGb|t x'g] / o;sf] c;/ vfBfGg afnLdf klg k/]sf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ljZj kf]if0f ;"rgf s]Gb|nfO{ sfa{g8fOcS;fO8sf] s[lif afnLaf6 k|fKt x'g] kf]if0f tTjdfly kg]{ c;/ cWoog tyf dfkg ug{ cfwf/ agfOPsf] / cWoogn] vfBfGg afnLdf x'g] k|f]l6gsf] sdLn] ubf{ zf/Ll/s ljsf; / cNkfo'df d[To' x'g] hgfPsf] xf]] .

o; klxn] ul/Psf ljleGg cwoogn] sfa{g 8fOcS;fO8sf sf/0f vfBfGg afnLdf cfO/g, lhª\sh:tf ldg/nsf] dfqfdf klg sdL cfPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

sfa{g8fOcS;fO8sf] a9\bf] k|efjsf sf/0f vfBfGgdf k|f]l6gsf] sdL

nlntk'/ . /f;folgs dnsf] k|of]u a9\bf df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm 36\b} uPsf] 5 . g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\-gfs{_sf] df6f] cg'Gwfg dxfzfvfn] b]ze/sf %@ lhNnfsf] df6f]df u/]sf] cg';Gwfgdf df6f]df clDnokgfsf] dfqf a9\b} uPsf] kfOPsf] xf] . t/fO{sf] @) j6f lhNnf / kxf8sf #@ j6f lhNnfsf] gd"gf ;+sng u/L cg';Gwfg ubf{ df6f] t6:y cj:yfdf gePsf] kfOPsf] xf] . df6f] t6:y cj:yfdf x'Fbf dfq} /fd|f] pTkfbg x'G5 . /f;folgs dnsf] a9L k|of]uaf6} clDnokg a9g] dxfzfvfsf k|d'v sdn ;fx atfP . pTkfbg a9fpg /f;folgs dnsf] cToflws k|of]u ug]{ 7fpFdf df6f]sf]

cj:yf v/fa kfOPsf] 5 . df6f]df k|fËfl/s dnsf] dfqf 36\b} hfFbf clDnokgf al9/x]sf] 5 . s]xL ;dosf nflu /f;folgs dnn] pTkfbg a9fP klg bL3{sfnLg?kdf gsf/fTds c;/ u5{ . pxfF eg], “df6f]df clDnokgf w]/} x'Fbf afnL sd x'g] dfq} xf]Og pTkfbg g} gx'g klg ;S5 .” “g]kfndf df6f]sf] :jf:Yosf af/]df kof{Kt r]tgf gePsf] pTkfbg g} lbg 5f8]kl5 dfq} ls;fg ;Nnfxsf nflu lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf k'Ug] u5{g\ .” pgL eG5g\, “clGtd

cj:yfdf k'u]kl5 df6f]nfO{ klxn]s} cj:yfdf kmsf{pg ;do nfU5, To;}n] a]n}df df6f] lau|g glbg nfUg'k5{ .” k|fËfl/s dnsf] k|of]u, 5\jfnL, k/fn nufotnfO{ dnsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/]/ / s[lif r"gsf] k|of]u a9fP/ df6f]sf] clDnokgf sd ug{ ;lsG5 .

/f;folgs dnsf] k|of]un] pj{/fzlQm 36\b}

kf]v/f . ;dfhsf ljkGg Pj+ cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf kf]v/f !* ;/fªsf]6sf !#* kl/jf/nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo …hLjg g]kfnÚ gfds u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] e}F;L vl/bsf nflu clxn];Dd ? ^% nfv &) xhf/ a/fa/sf] C0f k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . afnljsf; s]G›df egf{ ePsf afnaflnsfsf nflu kf]if0f Pj+ cleefjssf] cfly{s clej[l4sf nflu !)

jif{cl3b]lv e}F;Lkfngdf nufgL ePsf] s"n /sdsf] @% k|ltzt 5'6 x'g] / afFsL k|To]s dlxgf b'O{ xhf/sf b/ ltg{'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . kf]v/f n]vgfy dxfgu/kflnsfsf k|d'v dfgaxfb'/ lh;Ln] :yfgLo afnljsf; s]G› b]p/fnL kf6gdf cfof]lht sfo{qmdsf e}F;L vl/bsf nflu @& kl/jf/nfO{ ? !^ nfv @) xhf/sf] r]s x:tfGt/0f u/]sf x'g\ .

e};L kfNg u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] C0f

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday$

kz' :jf:Yo tyf kz'df nfUg] laleGg /f]ux?

kz' :jf:Yokz'x? :jf:Yo / lg/f]uL x'g' kb{5 cGoyf kz' /f]uL ePdf To;af6 pTkfbgdf x|f; cfpg'sf] ;fy} kz'df x'g] pkrf/sf] vr{n] 7'nf] cfly{s gf]S;fgL x'g ;S5 . ;fy} w]/} h;f] kz'df nfUg] /f]ux? dflg;nfO{ klg nfUg ;Sg] x'gfn] kmf{ddf /flvg] kz'x?nfO{ :jYo /fVg' k5{ .• xfdLn] 3/df kfn]sf kz'x? zf/Ll/s ?kdf :j:y ePsf] v08df dfq cfzfltt pTkfbg lng

;lsG5 . • :j:y kz'af6 dfq :j:y kz' hGo kbf{y pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}n] c:j:y kz'sf] /fd|f];Fu

klxrfg u/L ;dod} pkkrf/ gu/]df pTkfbg 36\g'sf;fy} kz'x? dg{ klg ;Sb5g . • w]/}h;f] kz'df nfUg] /f]ux? dflg;nfO{ / ;a}h;f] dflg;nfO{ nfUg] /f]ux? kz'nfO{ ;g{ ;S5 .

To;}n] kz'kfns s[ifsx? / kz' :jf:Yo k|fljlwsx? ;w} ;t{s /xg' kb{5 . • c:j:y kz'sf] x]/ larf/ ubf{ xf]l;of/L k"j{s ug{' kb{5 / lj/fdL kz';Fu n;k; ePsf] xft ;fa'g

kfgLn] w'g' kb{5 . • t;y{ :j:y / c:jy kz'df x'g] leGgtfx? af/] s[ifsx? tyf kz' :jf:Yo sfo{stf{x?nfO{ 1fg x'g'

clt h?/L 5 ./f]uL kz' / lg/f]uL kz'df leGgtf

lg/f]uL kz' /f]uL kz'

• em6\6 x]bf{ km'lt{nf] b]vLg5g\ . • em6\6 x]bf{ emf]qmofosf] , rxnkxn ug{ Tolt g;Sg] b]lvG5 .

• ;fdfGotof plePsf] cj:yfdf 6fpsf] z/L/ eGbf dfly p7]sf] x'G5 .

• 6fpsf] z/L/sf] n]jn eGbf tn em'sfPsf] x'G5 .

• sfgx? 7f8f j/k/sf] jftfj/0f tkm{ kz' ;r]t / ;hu ePsf] h:tf] b]vLG5 .

• sfgx? nq]sf] / kz' j/k/sf] jftfj/0f ;Fu s'g} k|ltqmLof gb]vfpg] x'G5 .

• kz' wlgn] af]nfpbf jf cGo s'g} rfn ubf{ k|ToIf ?kaf6 ljleGg cleofg tkm{ ;sf/fTds Joaxf/ b]vfpg] .

• kz' wlgn] af]nfpbf jf s'g} cfjfh tyf ;fwgx?4f/f rxn kxn u/fpg vf]Hbf s'g} klg rfn gug]{ x'G5 .

• cfFFFvf gfs ,d'v tyf z/L/df aflx/ s'g} kgL lsl;dsf] /f]usf] ;+s]tx? b]vLb}g .

• cfFvfaf6 sr]/f aUg] ,d'vaf6 Kofn, lkmh sf8\g] ,gfsaf6 afSnf] l;ufg lgsfNg] cfbL ub{5 .

• d'v -y't'gf]_;w} kfgL cyjf cf];Lnf] /x]sf] x'G5 .

• y't'gf] ;'Vvf x'G5 .

• 3fF;,bfgf ,kfgL ?rfP/ vfg] ub{5 . • 3fF; bfgf,kfgL ?lr b]vfpFb}g .

• pu|O{ /xG5 jf kfp/ dfb{5 . • kfp/ dfb{}g . pu|fpb}g .

• ;flas adf]lhd kz'n] -ufO{,e};Ln] uf]a/ / e]8f ,afv|fn] h'tf]_ lb;f ub{5 .

• uf]a/ kftnf] ,b'u{Gwo'St x'G5 . uf]a/df df;L ldl;Psf] x'G5 jf cfpF k/]sf] h:tf] jf /ut ldl;Psf] b]lvG5 .

• lk;fa ;dod} ;fdfGo lsl;dfn] ub{5 .• lk;fa kx]nf] jf /ut ldl;Psf] jf cfp k/]sf]

h:tf] b]lvg ;S5/ lk;fa ubf{ cK7\of/f] x;'; ug{ ;Sb5 .

• zf/Ll/s tfkqmd ,Zjf; k|Zjf; ult ;flas adf]lhd x'G5 .

• lx8\8'n ubf{ ljgf s'g} sl7gfO{ cj/f]w dx;'; gu/L v'Nnf ?kn] ;fdfGo ?kdf lx8\8'n ug]{ ub{5 .

• Hj/f] cfpg] ,;d:of ug]{ Zjf; km]{g ufx|f] x'g] h:tf] b]lvG5 .

• /fd|f];+u pleg tyf ;Gt'ng ldnfP/ lx8\g ;Sb}g .

• aflx/ z/L/df 3fp rf]6k6s s]lx ePsf] x'Fb}g .

• zl//df 3fp rf]6k6s cflb ePsf] x'g ;S5 .

• z/L/sf] 5fnf g/d ,rlDsnf] / /f}+x? ;kmf b]lvG5g .

• 5fnf v;|f], km';|f] / /f}+x? kmf]xf]/ / 7f8f ePsf] b]lvG5g / 5fnfdf /f]usf nIf0fx? b]lvG5g .

• a;]sf] ca:yfdf 6fpsf] 7f8f]u/L sfg xNnfpg] k'R5/ rnfO{ /xg] ub{5 .

• a;]sf] a]nfdf 6fpsf] e'O{df 5fltdf /fv]/ ,c8\ofP/ /fVb5 / sfg tyf k'R5/sf] ult s]lx klg b]vLb}g . slxn] sfFlx 3f6L tGsfpg] glhsdf s'g} cfjfh lbPdf tl;{g] cfbL ub{{5 . o:tf] x'G5 .

• ule{0fL kz'x? ;do k'u]kl5 ljgf s'g} sl7gfO{ aRrf hGdfpg] ;fn v:g] ub{5 .

• ule{gL kz'x?df ;do gk'Ub} aRrf t'lxg] , aRrf c8\lsg] tyf ;fn gv:g] cflb x'G5 .

• z/L/ ;w} x[i6k'i6 b]lvG5 , b'w ;flas ?kddf lbG5 .

• hgfj/ qmlds ?kn] b'AnfpFb} hfG5 . b'w b}lgs ?kdf 36\b} hfg] x'G5 .

• 3fF; ,bfgf,kfgL afx]s cGo lrhljhx? vfg] kfgL k|fo M xF'b}g .

• df6f] rf6\g] ,sk8f ,sf7 sfuh cflb ;'Vvf a:t'x? rkfpg] -vfg]_ub{5 .

• 3fFp 3/df cem} klg kz'x? lj/fdL kbf{ Tolt jf:tf gug]{ k|j[lQ 5b}5 . t/ hlg /fVg' kg]{ s'/f of] 5 sL kz'df nfUg] /f]un] pTkfbgdf sdL cfpg] / kz' wlgsf] Iflt dfq geO{ w]/} h;f] /f]ux? dflg;df klg ;g{ ;Sb5 / 7'nf] wg hgsf] gf]S;fgL klg x'g hfg] x'G5 .

hgfj/sf] ;fdfGo tfkqmd ,gf8Lsf] ult / Zjf; lqmof kl/ro• lj/fdL k/]df ,tl;{Pdf ,bf}l8Pdf, sfd ul//x]sf] ;dodf zf/Ll/s

tfkqmd gfl8sf] ult / Zjf; k|Zjf; b/df km/s kb{5 . • 7"nf kz'sf] t'ngfdf ;fgf kz'sf] tfkqmd ,gfl8sf] ult Zjf;

k|Zjf; b/ w]/} x'G5 .• tfkqmd lnbf ydf{ld6/nfO{ dn4f/ leq 58\s] kf/L /fVg' kb{5 .• Zjf; k|Zjf; lqmof sf]vf rn]sf] ug]/ , gfssf] Kjfn rn]sf] /

5ftL rn]sf] uGtL u/]/ ls6fg ug{ ;lsG5 . • ufO{ ,e};Lsf] gf8Lsf] utL k'R5/sf] h/fdf 5fd]/, 3f]8fsf] gf8L

5fd]/ / s's'/ lj/nfdf lkmnfd'gL • x'g] lkmddf]/n cf6]/L 5fd]/ lng' kb{5 .

lg/f]uL kz'sf] ;fdfGo tfkqmd, gf8Lsf] rfn, Zjf; k|Zjf; b/ tn pNn]v u/LP cg';f/ x'G5 .

kz'sf] lsl;d Tffkqmd km/]gxfO{6

Zjf; k|Zjf; b/ k|ltldg]6

Gff8Lsf] ult k|lt ldg]6

ufO{ !)!–!)@ !@–!* $)–^)

Ef};L !)!–!)!=% !@–!* $)–^)

Kff8f÷afR5f !)!–!)# @%–#% ^)–()

3f]8f ÷ vRr8 !))–!)! *–!^ #)–$)

E]f8f ÷afv|f !)#–!)$ @)–#) ^)–()

a+u'/ ÷;'Fu'/ !)!–!)# @)–#) ^)–&%

v/fof] !)!–!)@ $)–^) !@)–!%)

S's'/ !)!–!)@ !$–@% ()–!@)

la/fnf] !)!–!)* @)–#) !))–!#)

s'v'/f !)^–!)* @)–@% !@)–!^)

hgfj/df cf}ifwL k|of]u ug]{ t/LsfM• s'g} klg cf}ifwL hgfj/sf] 5fnfdf nufpg] jf zl// leq k|j]z

ul/G5 eg] To;nfO{ cf}ifwL k|of]u ug]{ elgG5 . • /f]usf] cj:yf kz'sf] pd]/ /f]usf] lsl;d cflbsf] cfwf/df kz'nfO{

ljleGg t/Lsfaf6 cf}ifwL k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 .• cf}ifwL k|of]u ubf{ n]j'ndf n]v]sf] t/Lsfaf6 dfq k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . • kz';+usf] Joaxf/ ePsf] xFbf s'g} klg cf}ifwL k|of]u ubf{ cfkm' klg

;w} xf]l;of/ x'g' kb{5 .• 3f]8f, vRr/, uwfdf cf}ifwL k|of]u ug'{ kbf{ kz' wlg ;fydf g/flv

jf vf]/df kz'nfO{ g/fvL jf kz'nfO{ cfkm\gf] lgoq0fdf gNofO{ k|of]u ug'{ xFb}g .

• cf}ifwL k|of]u ubf{ kz'sf] lsl;d, kz'sf] kz'sf] cj':yf , /f]usf] lsl;d / cj:yfnfO{ klg Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

cf}ifwL k|of]u ug]{ tl/sf kz'x?df cf}ifwL k|of]u ubf{ lgDg lnlvt t/lsfaf6 cf}ifwL k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . 5fnfdf • nf];g, l6Gr/ lnlgd]G6, dnxd -jfO{G6d]G6_ cflb h:tf cf}ifwL

5fnfdf bn]/ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ l6Gr/ cfof]l8g / j]GHjfO{g cfvfFsf] glhs , ;'t jf hg]lGb|odf k|of]u ug{' x'Fb}g .

d'vaf6 v'jfpg]• lkn;, 6\ofan]6 ,emf]n w'nf] cfbL cf}ifwL kz'nfO{ d'vaf6 v'jfpg

;lsg5 . • cf}ifwL d'vaf6 v'jfpg' kbf{ lk7f]df ld;fP/ bfgfdf ld;fP/

v'jfpg ;lsG5 . • t/ lj;{g gx'g] s'/f of] 5 sL kz'nfO{ d'vaf6 cfkm}n] cf}ifwL

v'jfpg' kbf{ kz'sf] gfFs slxNof} aGb ug'{ x'Fb}g . / lha|f] ;dfTg xb}Fg .

g;fdf ;'O{ lbg] • s'g} klg cf}ifwL /utsf] g;faf6 ;'O{sf] ?kdf lbg' kbf{ cf}ifwLnfO{

emf]nsf] ?kdf abNg' kb{5 . • o;/L agfPsf] emf]n cf}ifwLnfO{ yf]kf yf]kf u/L lbg' kb{5 l56f]

l56f] u/L ;'O{ lbgfn] kz' dg{ ;S5 . • ufO{ ,e}+;Ldf 3fF6Lsf] h'n'n/ gfdsf] g;faf6 ;'O{ lbOG5 .

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday %

bfª . pJhLP vfpnf, gpJhLP gvfpnf, Jof8{ l5lKkg} nfUof] kfgL kb}{g oxL a'Snf]df eP gL= wfg /f]k]/ lrQ a'emfpg} k¥of} . t'n;Lk'/ pk–dxfgu/kflnsf !& sf /fdjL/ rf}w/Ln] w'nf]df wfgsf] ljp kmfNb} eg] x'g s] xf]nf / < t/ lrQ j'emfpg ePklg Jof8{ 3';f{g} k¥of} . l;FrfO{sf nflu j}slNks pkfo s]xL 5}g . oxL cfsfz] kfgLsf] e/ xf] . Tof] klg kb}{g . s] xf]nf / s] vfpnf eGg] lrGtf 5 . rf}w/Ln] eg] …sl/j Ps ljufx v]t jfFem} 5 . slxn] knf{ kfgL, slxn] ;lsPnf eGg] lrGtf 5 .Ú ljxfg xnuf]? nu]/ v]tdf k'Uof] Ps u/f hf]Tof] 3/ kmls{of] . !)÷!@ lbgdf ;lsg] v]tL dlxgf lbg ljlt;Sbf ;d]t ;lsPsf] 5}g . pgn] yk] , kfgL gkbf{ Psflt/ ;dosf] aaf{b csf]{lt/ v]tLsf] lrGtf rfF8} l;WofO{ lth dgfpg] k};f sdfpnf ahf/ sfddf hfpnf eg]sf] dlxgf lbg ljTg nfUof] kfgL kb}{–kb}{g . s] u/L v]tL ug]{ xf] .

v]tL gu/] vfg gkfO{g, sdfO{ gu/] g'g t]nsf] hf]xf] rNb}g . s] ug]{ s] gug]{ x}/fg eP pgn] eg] … cGo If]qdf klDkª ;]6 kfgL

rfxfb} v]tL ub{5g . t/ xfd|f]df Tof] klg 5}g . ;fpgdf v8]/L eof] . a'Snf]df klg wfg /f]Kg} k¥of} . t/ 6fF6L nfu]sf] 5 . cfsfz lt/ x]/]/ lbg ljtfpg' k/]sf] 5 .

dfgf] /f]kL d'/L pHjfpg] j]nfdf v]tsf u/f uGb} cfh olt / ef]nL plt eGb} lbg ljtfpg' k/]sf] lrGtf pgL h:t} w]/} ls;fgx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . kfgL kb}}{g ,v]t jfFem} x'Fbf ls;fgx?nfO{

v]tLsf] lk/nf] a9]s]f 5 . ;fpg ;lsg} nfUbf

;d]t nfUbf ;d]t jiff{ gx'bf ls;fgx? v]tL

lalu|g] lrGtfdf k/]sf 5g . ;fpg] 6fF6Ln]

ls;fgnfO{ yk lrlGtt jgfPsf] 5 . cGo If]qdf

wfg uf]8fO{ ;'? x'g yfNnf t'n;Lk'/sf] ljhf}/L ,

3f]/fxLsf] gf/fo0fk'/ If]qdf wfg /f]kfO{ cem} x'g g;Sbf ls;fgx? lrGtfdf k/]sf x'g .

t'n;Lk'/ !* sf lbk]G› g]kfnLn] wfg /f]kfO{sf nflu ;do ;lsGg} nfUbf ;d]t kfgL gkbf{ v]tLdf ;d:of cfPsf] jtfP . pgn] eg]– Jof8 klg l5KkL;Sof], cj /f]k] klg ;lk|b}g . b'v u/]/ dfq} s] ug]{ <

bfªdf kfgL gkbf{ ls;fg lrlGtt bfË . lhNnf s[lif

ljsf; sfof{no bfªn] lhNnfdf #) k|ltzt v]tLdf cem} /f]kfO{ x'g g;s]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;dodf kfgL kg{ g;Sbf o; kfnLsf] bfªsf] wfg /f]kfO{df l9nfO{ ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnf s[lif{ ljsf; sfof{no bfª ;'rgf clwsf/L e/tdl0f kf]v|]nn] lhNnfsf #* xhf/ x]S6/ wfg v]t dWo] @* xhf/ % ;o x]S6/ If]qkmndf dfq} wfg /f]kfO{ ;lsPsf] hfgsf/L lbP .

jfFsL sl/j Ps xhf/ @ ;o If]qkmndf v]tL ePsf] jtfP . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no jl/i7 s[lif{ ljsf; clws[t lbks s'df/ zdf{sf cg';f/ l9nf jiff{tsf sf/0f wfg /f]kfO{ l9nf] ePsf] jtfP . jiff{t sd x'bf o;

jif{sf] wfg jfnLsf] pTkfbsTj ;d]t 36\g ;Sg] pgn] jtfP . wfg /f]kfO{sf] ;do l;lwg nfUbf ;d]t wfg /f]kfO{ x'g g;Sbf wfgjfnLsf] pTkfbg o; jif{ bfªdf !%÷@) k|ltzt lu/fj6 cfpg] cg'dfg lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] u/]sf] pgn] jtfP .

lhNnf s[lif{ ljsf; sfof{no bfªsf df6f] lj1 lbjfs/ ofbjn] a'Snf] df6f]df klg ;do leq /f]kfO{ u/]sf] wfgjfnL pld|P klg l;rfO{sf] k|z:t ;'ljwf eP jfnLsf] pTkfbg /fd|f] x'g ;Sg] pgn] jtfP . ofbjn] wfgjfnLsf nflu k|z:t l;rfO{ k'u]df cem} jfnL ;k|g ;Sg] ePsfn] wfgjfnL ;fpg ;Dddf nufP ;Sg] ls;fgx? nfO{ cfu|x u/] .

bfªdf #) k|ltzt v]t cem} afFemf]

eb|k'/ . ;fgf ls;fg emfkfnL lrof Joj;foL ;+3sf] zlgaf/ ;DkGg t];|f] clwj]zgn] k"0f{s'df/ sfsL{sf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo gofF sfo{;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 .;ldltsf] pkfWoIfdf k[YjLgf/fo0f sfsL{, ;lrjdf k'ik lg/f}nf, ;x;lrjdf Hof]lt kf7s / sf]iffWoIfdf e/t ljdnLnfO{ ;j{;Ddt¿kdf rog u/]sf] xf] .

cfufdL b'O{ jif]{ sfo{sfn /x]sf] ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿df hob]j /fhj+zL, s]bf/ e§/fO{, eLdk|;fb /fhj+zL, Zofd;'Gb/ cu|jfn rog x'g' ePsf] 5 eg] afFsL rf/hgf ;b:o sfo{;ldltn] If]qut ;Gt'ngsf cfwf/df dgf]gog ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf sfsL{n] casf] sfo{sfn ls;fgsf] kIfdf Gofof]lrt jftfj/0f agfpg ;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0fdf hf]8 lbP/ nfUg] k|lta4tf JoQm ug'{ u/] .

jL/uGh . ufO{e}F;Ldf s[lqd uef{wfg sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L ePkl5 af/f lhNnfdf ls;fg b"w pTkfbg a9]sf] 5 .

cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷)&$ df @$ k|ltztn] s[lqd uef{wfg sfo{qmd a9]kl5 lhNnfdf /x]sf ls;fgn] pGgt ufO{e}F;Lkfng u/L b"w pTkfbg a9fPsf] lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . ;Q/L xhf/ 5 ls;fg kz'kfng Joj;fodf ;+nUg /x]sf] lhNnfdf cfj @)&#÷)&$ df ? 5 ca{ @^ s/f]8 ^( nfv d"No a/fa/sf] 5 s/f]8 %# nfv #* xhf/ ln6/ b"w pTkfbg u/L ls;fg cfly{s nfe lng ;kmn ePsf x'g\ .

lhNnfdf b}lgs ? () nfv d"No a/fa/sf] Ps nfv *) xhf/ ln6/ b"w pTkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . pTkflbt b"wdWo] b}lgs $) xhf/ b"w x]6f}F8f,

sf7df8f}F, kf]v/f, lj/f6gu/, ;Kt/L;Dd hfg] u/]sf] 5 eg] @@ k|ltzt b"w :yfgLo ahf/df laqmL x'g] u/]sf] 5 eg] b}lgs kfFr nfv d"No a/fa/sf] !) xhf/ ln6/ b"w l5d]sL d'n's ef/tdf laqmLsf nflu hfg] u/]sf] 5 . ^* k|ltzt ls;fg kz'kfng Joj;fodf ;+nUg /x]sf] af/fdf cl3Nnf] cfjdf ? 5 ca{ !% s/f]8 @^ nfv %) xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] 5 s/f]8 #) nfv %# xhf/ ln6/ b"w pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] .

sfof{non] ls;fgnfO{ kz'kfng Joj;fotkm{ cfslif{t ug{ o'jf :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmddf uf]7 lgdf{0f sfo{qmd, afof] Uof; lgdf{0f, ;fOgf] ls6 lgdf{0f, 8]/L ;'wf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{'sf ;fy} 3fF;afnLdf cg'bfg lbg yfn]kl5 af/f lhNnfdf o; jif{ #=^ k|ltztn] b"w pTkfbg a9]sf] jl/i7 kz' ljsf; clws[t 8f b]jgGbg ;fxn] atfP .

rfnL; j6f 8]/L pBf]u /x]sf] lhNnfsf] k"jL{ tyf blIf0fL e]u ufO{e}F;L kfNg] ks]6 If]qsf ?kdf 3f]if0ff u/L ;/sf/n] kz'kfngsf] k|d'v cfwf/dWo] kz' k|hgg -k|fs[lts / s[lqd uef{wfg_ 3fF; tyf kz' cfxf/f ljsf;, kz' :jf:Yo;]jf, ahf/ k|j4{g nufotsf ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

ufO{e}F;L sfo{qmdnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L agfO{ b"w pTkfbg j[l4 ug{ sfof{non] ;'b"/ u|fdL0f a:tLdf 3'DtL kz' :jf:Yo lzlj/ sfo{qmdcGtu{t kz'kfns ls;fgnfO{ 3/b}nf]d} kz';]jf;DaGwL Kofs]h sfo{qmd k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

b"w pTkfbg kof{Kt ePkl5 sfof{non] cfufdL sfo{qmdcGtu{t ;b/d'sfd sn}of jl/kl/sf] !) lsnf]ld6/ If]qnfO{ ldNs l;6L -b"wsf] zx/_sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ nIo lnPsf] 5 .

af/fdf b"w pTkfbg a9\of]

P]g / lgodfjnL kl/jt{g gx'Fbf u}/sfg'gL?kdf ljiffbLsf] laqmL / k|of]u ug]{dfly sf/afxL cl3 a9fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ljiffbLsf] cg'udg / sf/afxL ug]{ clwsf/LnfO{ kof{Kt clwsf/ gx'Fbf ljiffbLsf] k|of]u Joj:yfkg sl7g ePsf] s[lif ljefucGtu{tsf] ljiffbL k~hLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkg zfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf afnL ;+/If0f

clws[t g} ljiffbLsf] lgodg ug]{ clwsf/L x'g\ t/ clwsf/ gx'Fbf afnL ;+/If0f clws[tn] sf/afxL ug{ g;s]sf] zfvfsf jl/i7 k|fljlws s[i0f k|wfgn] atfP . pgL eG5g\, “ ljiffbL laqmL ug]{ Jofkf/Lsf] of]Uotf / ls;fgnfO{ tfnLd nufotsf ljifo P]gdf ;d]l6Psf] 5}g .” cg'dltkq lnPsf Jofkf/Ln] dfq} ljiffbL laqmL ug{ kfpg] lgod 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] !% j6f

ljiffbLsf] k|of]unfO{ k|ltaGw nufPsf] 5 t/ k|ltalGwt ljiffbLsf] laqmL ug]{nfO{ jf cg'dltkq glnO laqmL ljt/0f ug]{nfO{ sf/afxL ug]{ clwsf/ eg] lbPsf] 5}g . hLjgfzs ljiffbL P]g–@)$* / lgodfjnL @)%) sf] ;+zf]lwt P]g, @)^$ ;+zf]wgsf nflu ljw]os s[lif dGqfno k'u]sf] 5 . b]ze/df clxn] rf/ xhf/ $*! j6f v'›f k;n ;~rflnt 5g\ .

P]g ;+zf]wg gx'Fbf sf/afxLdf sl7gfO

lrof Joj;foL ;+3df sfsL{

bfªdf lg/Gt/ jiff{t geP klg kmfF6km"6 jiff{t ePsf] 5 . hn tyf df};d lj1fg lkmN8 sfof{no 3f]/fxL bfªsf cg'';f/ ljt]sf] @$ 306fdf bfªdf *@ bzdnj $ ldlnld6/ jiff{t ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 .sfof{nosL dw' s'df/ ld>sf

cg';f/ bfªdf kmfF6km'6 jiff{tsf] nIf0f b]lvPsf] hfgsf/L lbO{g . t/ bfªdf cToflws jiff{tsf] nIfd klg b]lvPsf] 5}g . jfbn kmf6\b} uO{/x]sfn] bfªdf o; jif{ sd jiff{t x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

–lul//fh g]kfnL

bfªdf kmfF6km'6 jiff{tsf] cg'dfg

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday^

Crop- Livestock Interactions: Positive Step for Environmental Balance

Nepal's First Agriculture Weekly

D r. K e d a r K a r k i

Most mixed farming systems of the developing world have a negative nutrient balance. Deficits are partially covered by a flow of nutrient from grazing areas to crop/grazing land ratio, and if other sources are not available, fertility gaps widen.

BackgroundThe integration of crop and livestock still represents

the main avenue for intensification of food production. Mixed farming provides farmers with an opportunity to use labor more efficiently, to have a source of cash and to add value to low value or surplus feed. To varying extents, mixed farming system allow the use of waste products, of on enterprise (crop by-products. manure) as inputs to the other enterprise (as feed or fertilizer). Mixed farming is, in principle, beneficial for land quality in terms of maintaining soil fertility In addition. The use of rotations between various crops and forage legumes replenishes soil nutrients and reduces soil erosion.Adding manure to the soil increases the nutrient retention capacity improves the physical condition by increasing, the water-holding capacity and improves soil structure stability. This is a crucial contribution because, in many systems, it is the only avenue available to farmers for improving soil organic matter. It is also substantial in economic terms. Approximately 20 million tons or 22 percent of total nitrogen fertilization of 94 millions tons and 1l million tons or 38 percent of phosphate is of animal origin, representing about US$ 1.5 billion worth Of Commercial fertilizer. Not only does animal manure replenish soil fertility but it helps to maintain or create a better climate for soil micro-flora and fauna. It is also the best way of using crop residues.

However, missing crops and livestock neither generates new nutrients nor reduces nutrient surpluses. But livestock, even in situation of low technological levels allow for (1) the spatial and temporal allocation of nutrients from areas of lower returns from cropping to those with higher returns; (2) the acceleration of nutrient turnover in the production cycle; and (3) the reduction of nutrient losses within the cycle compared to agricultural production without livestock.

Key Issue:Thus, the key issue is the nutrient balance. Most mixed farming systems of the developing world have a negative nutrient balance. Deficits are partially covered by a flow of nutrient from grazing areas to crop/grazing land ratio, and if other sources are not available, fertility gaps widen. This is typically the case of many mixed farming systems in the tropics. Reported deficits ranged from about 15 Kg N/ha/year in Mali, to more than 100 kg N/ha/year in the highlands of Ethiopia. The result is that crop yields continue to decline. This can lead to increased competition for land grazing resources which, in turn, can lead to privatization of crop residues, or of the rangelands. Resource degradation, property and population pressure carry a high risk of conflict as the recent event in Rwanda has proven. If not considered this fact in time same may happen in our own contact.However, positive trends, intensifying and diversifying production also occur. A key factor facilitating such positive trends is access to markets as illustrated by the Machakos case study in Kenya. This development path has the biggest potential in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, where, in most areas, land is not a limiting factor and integrated crop-livestock systems have the immense potential to contribute to the required productivity growth. However, in the intensive production system of the tropical highlands, soil erosion problems become critical but, here also, livestock can play a positive role. For example, in Ethiopia losses From poorly managed sloping terraces under crops and degraded rangelands amount to between 20 and 100 MT/ha/year and well managed forest land loses between 0-7 MT/ha/Year. This trend can be comparable to our shivalik range, to mid mountain and high hells as well.Animal draught is main component many smallholder

farms in developing countries, substituting for human labor and drudgery. An estimated 250 million working animals provide the draught power to approximately 28 percent of the world's land, equivalent to 52 percent of total cropping land in developing countries. In southeastern and East Asia, animal draught is decreasing in importance as rapid mechanization takes place. By contrast, many areas in Africa are developing into mixed farming with draught animals playing a key role in providing tillage for crop areas expansion and yield increases. As a renewable form of energy, animal draught substitutes for fossil energy and the use of other natural resources.

Importance of Mixed farming in our Context:For the mixed farming systems, livestock provides

the economic justification for maintaining a mosaic of land use patterns. Agro Forestry inputs such as rows of fodder trees and grass bands are widely known in terms of controlling wind and water erosion and therefore conserving biodiversity and are found throughout forested and agricultural areas. In a New York alfalfa "ecosystem" Pimentel reported 600 species of above ground arthropods. Mixed farming systems and the use of manure, which bring about an increase in the organic matter of the soil, enhance soil micro flora and fauna.

What is the Option?May be our Past policies have often limited the

synergistic effect of crops and livestock in nutrient deficient situations. Imposing high import duties to protect domestic cereal production hushed cropping into marginal areas and upset the equilibrium between crops and livestock. poor land tenure security, especially in the rain fed mixed fanning systems of the developing world, has provided a disincentive for investment in long-term soil fertility improvements, such as the use of inorganic fertilizers and the use of green manure and leguminous fodder crops in the crop rotation.In many places of the world, subsistence farms with crops, livestock and household closely interlinked have developed and continue to be a predominant feature. With human population pressure increasing Further, the need for intensification bring livestock more and more into cropping areas and integrates them in nutrient and energy cycles. Almost throughout the world the family-based and diversified mixed farming system has come under pressure either from novel technologies

and market forces or from resource degradation and poverty. Two major feature emerge: One scenario leads to specialization where market forces and technological requirements forces mixed farming systems to grow in unit size and to specialize. With specialization, there are fewer opportunities for on-farm crop-livestock integration. Another significant trend is what has been described as "involution" or collapse of the mixed farming system. In virtually all tropical highland areas the relatively high human population densities are traditionally sustained by rather complex, mixed farming systems. Population pressure may decrease. farm sizes to a point where associated land productivity increases resulting in the disintegration of the system. Livestock, often large ruminants, can no longer be maintained and energy, and leads to a greater deficit of nutrients and loss of investment. There is mounting evidence that human population pressures, poverty and resource degradation, aggravated by lack of access to markets and employment opportunities, are cause- and-effect factors of the involution. Himalayan hills, African highlands, Andean countries, .Java can be The trend in this regard. This involution of previously well-integrated mixed farming is to be seen as another livestock environment "hot spot". Here, it is not the interaction between livestock and natural resource that creates a degradation problem but rather the socio-economic context that lead to a diminishing interaction which eventually ceases altogether.

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday &

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno;"rgf ljefu

ljB'tLo sf/f]af/nfO{ ljZj;gLo, sfg'g ;Ddt / ;'/lIft agfpg ljB'tLo x:tfIf/ (Digital

Signature) sf] k|of]u u/f}+ .

x/]s ;f]daf/ laxfg &M!% b]lv &M$% ah];Dd

bfª . bfË lhNnfdf h8La'6L pTkfbgsf] ;Defjgf a9\b} uPkl5 lhNnfsf] kxf8L If]q cGtu{t /x]sf] a+unfr'nL ufpFkflnsfsf afl;Gbf o; tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . ufpFkflnsf x'g' eGbf cufl8sf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx? ;}3f, :o'hf, sfe|] nufotsf uflj;df h8La'6L pTkfbgsf] /fd|f] ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] xf] .

oL tLg ufpFsf sl/a $* xhf/ x]S6/ hldgdf h8La'6L ks]6 If]qsf ¿kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] lhNnf jg sfof{nosf k|d'v ;"o{sfGt l;Ub]nn] atfP . æafFemf] hldgsf ¿kdf /x]sf $* xhf/ If]]qkmn hldgdf h8La'6L pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5Æ, pgn] eg] .

lu|g xfp;df vf;u/L l6Da'/, bfnlrgL nufotsf la?jf pTkfbg ul/g]5 . jflif{s %) xhf/ la?jf pTkfbg ug]{ nIo;lxt lu|g xfp;sf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] :yfgLojf;L nfnaxfb'/

lu/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . lu/Lsf cg';f/ lu|g xfp;df dfq} sl/a !) hgfn] /f]huf/L kfPsf 5g\ eg] jflif{s ? tLg nfv ;Ddsf] cfDbfgL ug]{ nIo /flvPsf] 5 .

h8La'6L pTkfbgsf nflu lu|g xfp;

sn}of . s[lifdf nufgL ug]{ gfddf :yflkt ePsf af/f lhNnfsf &( j6f s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 . ;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf] kl/R5]b !) sf] bkmf $! sf] pkbkmf # adf]lhd lhNnfdf /x]sf ;xsf/LdWo] tL ;+:yfsf] btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no af/fn] hgfPsf] 5 .

;xsf/L P]g adf]lhd

btf{ ePsf tL ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] P]g lgod tyf ;+:yf :jLs[t ljlgodadf]lhd ug'{kg]{ sfo{ gu/]sf] / #! jif{;Dd s'g} klg ljj/0f ga'emfPsfn] tL ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no af/fsf sfof{no k|d'v s'nf]Qd kf]v/]nn] atfP .

ut jif{;Dd af/f lhNnfdf !) k|sf/sf &!! j6f ;xsf/L

;+:yf ;~rfngdf 5g\ . tLdWo] s[lif ;xsf/L #^), art tyf C0f ;xsf/L @@&, ax'2]ZoLo ;xsf/L %#, ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L !(, kz'kfng ;xsf/L !^, b"w pTkfbg ;xsf/L !%, dT:o ;xsf/L !#, ;~rf/ ;xsf/L rf/, pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L tLg / t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+:yf Ps j6f /x]sf 5g\ .

af/fdf &( s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] btf{ vf/]h

lj/f6gu/ . ut cfly{s jif{df lj/f6gu/ gfsfaf6 ? cf7 ca{eGbf a9Lsf] VffBfg / bnxg ef/taf6 lelqPsf] 5 . ;f] gfsfaf6 ? cf7 ca{ $* s/f]8 (@ nfv *@ xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] rfdn, ux'F, bfn, ds}, wfg, sf]bf] / hf};d]t u/L tLg nfv Ps xhf/ &## d]l6«s6g vfBfg cfoft

ePsf] KnfG6 Sjf/]G6fOg sfof{no, lj/f6gu/n] hgfPsf] 5 .

;f]dWo] ;a}eGbf a9L ? tLg ca{ ^^ s/f]8 #! nfv ## xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] Ps nfv %@ xhf/ ^#! d]l6«s6g ds} cfoft ePsf] 5 eg] ? tLg ca{ !( s/f]8 ^% nfv ## xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] &( xhf/ (!# d]l6«s6g ljleGg

hftsf rfdn cfoft ePsf] 5 . cfoft ePsf oL rfdn

eG;f/ sfof{no eP/ lelqPsf 5g\ eg] ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo ahf/af6 t:s/Lsf] ?kdf lelqPsf] / ;j{;fwf/0fn] vfgsf nflu Nofpg] u/]sf] rfdnsf] tYof+sdf o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g\ . ef/tsf] hf]uagL ahf/df lbgx'F

cf7 ca{sf] vfBfGgdf # ca{ !( s/f]8 wfg cfoft

af/f . of] jif{ af/fdf av]{ wfgsf] -eb}jf–cuxgL_ /f]kfOF sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf cg';f/ of] jif { aif ] { -eb}of_ wfg !@ xhf/ %#@ x]S6/, cuxgL $) xhf/ !#! x]S6/ tyf %@ xhf/ ^^# x]S6/df xlb{gfy–!, r}t]–@, r}t]–$, /fwf $, ;f]gf dG;'nL ;fljqL, :j0f{ ;j–! ;fjf dG;'nL, /fwf !! hftsf]

wfg /f]kfOF ePsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

ut jif{ )&#÷)&$ df s'n %$ xhf/ @*( x]S6/ If]qkmdf ul/Psf] av]{ wfg v]tLaf6 af/fdf k|ltx]S6/ # bzdnj $ d]l6«s 6gsf b/n] s'n Ps nfv *% xhf/ %)$ d]l6«s 6g wfg pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] .

!! hftsf wfg /f]kfOF

lsgd]n ug{ k'u]sf sltkon] rfdn vl/b u/]/ Nofpg] u/]sf] ;xh} b]lvG5 .

o;sf ;fy} ? Ps ca{, b'O{ s/f]8 &% nfv (# xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] $@ xhf/ *!^ d]l6«s6g ux'F cfoft ePsf] 5 eg] ? $* s/f]8 gf} nfv %( xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] @! xhf/ (!^ d]l6«s6g wfg cfoft ePsf] ;f] sfof{nosf k|d'v b]jz/0f ;fxn] hfgsf/L lbP] .

o;}u/L of] gfsfaf6 ? gf} s/f]8 %! nfv !% xhf/ d"No

a/fa/sf] tLg xhf/ (^# d]l6«s6g

sf]bf] cfoft ePsf] 5 eg] ? ()

nfv @( xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf] @^^

d]l6«s6g hf} cfoft ePsf] xf] .

ut cfly{s jif{df of]

gfsfaf6 ? !^ s/f]8 (@ nfv d"No a/fa/sf @*@ d]l6«s6g ljleGg hftsf bfn cfoft ePsf] ;f] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

cfoft ePsf oL rfdn eG;f/ sfof{no eP/ lelqPsf 5g\ eg] ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo ahf/af6 t:s/Lsf] ?kdf lelqPsf] / ;j{;fwf/0fn] vfgsf nflu Nofpg] u/]sf] rfdnsf] tYof+sdf o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g\ .

;fKtflxs

;fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$7 August 2017 Monday

xa a|f]8sfl:6ª\ k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM cgfdgu/, kmf]g g+=M (*%!)%($%%, kf]=a=g+=M $#!@, O{–d]nM sajnepal@gmail.com, d'b|0fM Zj]tsfnL 5fkfvfgf, sfo{sf/L ;DkfbsM of]u]Gb| k|tfk zfxL, ;DkfbsM j}s'07 e08f/L

s[lif cGtjf{tf{lh=k|=sf=sf7df8f+} b=g+= M )^÷)^(÷&);fpg @# ;f]daf/, @)&$

24 July 2017 Mondays[lif

;fKtflxs*

) clxn] xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlwsf] rrf{ rln/x]s]f 5 . oxfFx?n] ToxL k|ljlw lj:tf/ ul//xg' ePsf] 5 s] xf] of] < xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlw eg]sf] df6f] lagfsf] v]tL k|ljlw xf] . s'g} klg v]tL xfdLn] df6f] ljgf ul//x]sf 5f}+ eg] To;nfO{ xfdLn] xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlw /x]5 eGg] s'/f a'em\g' k5} . olb df6f] k|of]u ul/Psf] v]tL 5 eg] Tof] xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlwaf6 ul/Psf] v]tL xf]Og eGg] :ki6 a'em\g' kb{5 . ;xh ?kdf a'em\gsf nflu xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlw df6f] /lxt v]tL k|ljlw xf] . clxn] xfdLn] df6f] /lxt k|ljlwdf xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; / P/f]kmf]lgS; ul/ /fv]sf 5f} . ;fwf/0f dflg;n] of] s] xf] of] s:tf] k|ljlw, df6f] ljgf s;/L v]tL ug{], of] xfjfbf/L s'/f xf] ls eGg] s'/f cfpg ;S5 . To;sf/0f ljsl;t b]zdf of] k|ljlw lj:tf/ ePsf] ePklg g]kfndf ev{/} dfq z'? ePsf]n] klg sltnfO{ ljZjf; gnfUg ;S5 . of] k|ljlwdf df6f]df kfOg] ;a} vfB tTjx? kfgLdf 3f]n]/ lbG5f} Tof] sf/0fn] g} xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; ePsf] xf] . xfO8«f]kmf]lgS;sf] vf; cy{ eg]sf] xfO8«f] eg]sf] kfgL xf] / kmf]lgS; eg]sf] ug]+{ sfo{ xf] . kfgLsf] dfWodaf6 ug]{ sfo{ eP/ o;nfO xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; eg]sf] xf] . ) xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlw lsg / s] sf nflu t < of] xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; lsg xf] eg] ha df6f];Fu sfd ul/G5 . df6f]df w]/} g/fd|f s'/f cfosf 5g\ . ToxL df6f]af6 ljleGg /f]u nfUg] ub{5 t/ o;af6 df6f]af6 ;g]{ /f]u x'b}g . of] kfgLjf6 ul/g] v]tL xf] . lj?jfnfO rflxg] ;a} kf]ifs tTj kfgLjf6 lbg ;lsG5 . tL tTj lbgsf nlfu lbgdf Ps k6s jf b'O{ k6s s'g vfnsf] lj?jf xf] Tof] x]/]/ lbg ;lsG5 . h'g ls;fgx?n] ug'{x'G5 pxfFx? nflu tof/ x'G5 . ) xfO8«f]kmf]lgS;sf nflu s] s] rflxG5 t <xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; ;~rfng ug{sf nflu k|ljlw, u|Lgxfp; / c? eg]sf] dnvfb xf] dnvfb xfdL cfkm}n] pTkfbg u5f}{ . c? k|ljlw klg 5g\ . kfgL, g/Ljnsf] h6f k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 t/ Tof] eGbf afn'jf / lu7L d} ubf{ /fd|f] kfPsf] 5f} xfdLn] . Tof] k/LIf0f ul//fv]sf 5f} . 9'Ëf afn'jf t sf7df8f}df t dxuf] knf{ t/ ufFp lt/ ;:tf] k5{ . To;sf/0fn] of] k|ljlwnfO{ s;/L :yfgLo agfpg ;lsG5 ;f]rn] lg/Gt/ o;sf] k|of;df 5f} . To;sf/0f xfdLn] clxn] xfO8f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlwaf6 hd/] 3fF; pTkfbg ul//x]sf] 5f}+ . h;af6 @)÷@% j6f ufO{sf] nflu 3fF; tof/ x'G5 eg] h;n] ubf{ Pp6} JolQmn] ToxL ;+Vofdf ufO{ a:t' kfNg ;S5 . Pp6f ls;fgn] ufO{ kfNg] ;f]r agfO/fv]sf] 5 clxn] g]kfndf r/g If]q kfpg d'lZsn 5 . To;}n] xfO8f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlwnfO{ cjnDjg u/L r/gsf] ;d:ofaf6 d'Qm x'g] dfq xf]Og afx|} dlxgf xl/of] kf]if0fo'Qm 3fF; Vjfpg ;lsG5 . ) ls;fgn] s;/L k|of]u ug]{ t < ufO{ kfng eGgf;fy xfdLn] To;sf nflu 3Ff; bfgf klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fVg' kb{5 . clxn] ufO{nfO{ lbg] eg]sf] kmf]8/ bfgf xf] . hd/] 3fF;

5 . hd/] 3fF; eg]sf] xfdLn] ca ds}, hf}, ux'Faf6 agfpg ;lsG5 . ds}sf] 3fF; !) lbg k5fl8sf] dfq v'jfpg ldN5 eg] ux'F / hf} /f]k]sf] & df v'jfpg ldN5 / * b]lv !) OGr ;Ddsf] x'G5 . dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s] xf] eg] ! s]hL hf} cyjf ux'F ds}af6 ^ b]]lv * s]hLsf] aLrdf kmf]8/ x'G5 eGg]

cg'dfg u/]sf] x'G5 hd/] 3fF; / of] kmf]8/ lsg v'jfpg] eg] kmf]8/sf] ljz]iftf eg]sf] clxn] ufO kfNg] cyjf s'g} klg kz'kG5L kfNg]x?nfO{ ;d:of eg]sf] gAofpg] Pp6f ;d:of 5 Tof] gAofpg] eg]sf] bfgfn] xf] . u'0f:t/Lo bfgf kfpg uf/f] 5 eg] o;af6 /f]u klg cfPsf] x'G5 . h'sf gfDn]sf]

]lh=klh=kl |h=k|h=k=sf=sf=s =sf=sf=s 7f7f d7d7 fdfd 8f8f f8f8 +}8 }8f}f8f8 }8f8 +}+ b=gf b=gf += M )^÷)^(÷&)

;f;f; pgfpgf @# ;pg @# ;pg f @# ;f @# ; ] @# ; ] @# ;f]f @# ;f @# ; ] @# ;f @# ; dfdf adad fafa /f/f , @)&$24 July 2017 Monday

s[s[slslslil fl fllil flil;[;[f;f; KtfKtf fKtfKt lflf xslxsl*

;d:ofsf] sf/0f klg ToxL g} xf] . 3fF; Vjfpg yfn]kl5 To:tf] /f]ux? klg aGb x'g ;S5 . /f]u aGb ug'{ eg]sf] vr{ sd ug'{ xf] / csf]{ eg]sf] ufO{sf] b"w / lrNnf] kbfy{sf] dfqf a9fpg' xf] . hd/] 3fF;n] b"w / lrNnf] kbfy{sf] dfqf !% b]lv @) k|ltzt a9fp5 . ca /f]u t 36g] eof] csf]{ gAofpg] ;d:of 365 . To:t} ufO{ x[i6 k'i6 x'G5 / k};fsf] lx;fjdf klg !% b]lv @) k|ltzt sd x'G5 . c? bfgf eGbf of] 3fF; v'jfpFbf sfdbf/sf] vr{ sd x'G5 . !% ln6/ b'w lbg] ufO{nfO{ @ s]hL hf} cyjf uxF'sf] hd/] 3fF; k|ltlbg v'jfpg ;lsG5 . * b]lv !) s]hL 8«fO{ km'8 h:t} k/fn ;'Vvf 3fF;x? v'jfpFbf To;df cln slt kfgL lk7f] nufotsf c? s'/f ld;fpg' k5{ eg] hd/] 3fF;df s]xL klg ld;fpg' kb}{g . of] k|ljlw ckgfP/ ufO{ kfNg xf] eg] d"Nosf] lx;fadf klg ;:tf] kg{ hfG5 . csf]{ s'/f ls;fg Pp6f e|d s] x'g ;S5 eg] xfdL cfkmn] hf} pTkfbg ul//x]sf 5f} lsg lsGg] eGg]

x'g ;S5 . Tof] eg]sf] xfO8«f]kmf]lgS; k|ljlwsf] af/]df lzIffsf] sld xf] . xfd|f] hd/f 3fF; leq kf]ifs tTj x'G5 xfdLn] ! b]lv & lbg ;Dd kf]ifs tTjx? lbG5f}+ of] hd/] 3fF; kf]lifnf] x'G5 . ufO{ e}l;n] vfgf ?rfpg] / pgLx? :j:y x'g] x'G5 . ) of] k|ljlw lj:tf/ ug{ ;d:ofx? s] s] /x]sf 5g < h'g;'s} If]qdf klg ;d:of / r'gf}lt t caZo

xG5 . To;sf/0f d}n] eGg] u/]sf] 5' :yflgo ?kdf

g} o;nfO{ n}hfg' kb{5 . o;df h:tf] r'gf}lt

eg]sf] kf]ifs tTj xf] o;sf] kf]ifs tTj Nofpg

g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg lbPsf] 5 . xfdL To;nfO{ /fd|f]

e08f/0fdf /fv]/ xfdL To;nfO dxFuf] klg kfb}{gf} / To;sf] cefa klg x'b}g . csf]{ eg]sf] k|0ffnL xf] tkfOx? s] ug]{{ s;f] ug]{ eg]/ xfdL k/fdz{ lbG5f} . of] ls;fg cfkm}n] pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 .

– l3/]Gb| a:g]t

hd/] 3fF;n] b"w / lrNnf] kbfy{sf] dfqf !% b]lv @) k|ltzt a9fp5 . ca /f]u t 36g] eof] csf]{ gAofpg] ;d:of 365 . To:t} ufO{ x[i6 k'i6 x'G5 / k};fsf] lx;fjdf klg !% b]lv @) k|ltzt sd x'G5 . c? bfgf eGbf of] 3fF; v'jfpFbf sfdbf/sf] vr{ sd x'G5 . !% ln6/ b'w lbg] ufO{nfO{ @ s]hL hf} cyjf uxF'sf] hd/] 3fF; k|ltlbg v'jfpg ;lsG5 .