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Life Safety Codes for
Assisted Living Facilities
Doug HohbeinAssistant State Fire Marshal
Nebraska State Fire Marshal Agency [email protected]
402-471-9478
Assisted Living Facilities
Receive annual inspections from the State Fire Marshal or Delegated Authority
New construction, remodeling, additions or changes to the use of spaces must be approved prior to construction
Submit plans to the State Fire Marshal’s Office or delegated authority
For more information: www.sfm.nebraska.gov
Codes, Codes, Codes
2000 Edition of the Life Safety Code
NFPA 101
www.nfpa.org
2012 LSC coming in 2019
ALF’s classified as:
Limited Care Facility or
Residential Board and Care
The Choice is Yours
An ALF can be classified one of two ways:
Limited Care Facility (LCF)
Requirements similar to Nursing Home
Residential Board and Care (RBC)
Requirements similar to apartment
Different requirements found in different chapters of the Code.
LSC Inspector will verify compliance with the choice that is made
A change of occupancy from RBC to LCF requires compliance with the requirements of new construction
Assisted Living Facilities
Limited Care OR Residential Board/Care
What am I?
Check your CO
Know your Residents
Ability to respond to an emergency independently
Admission/Retention Policies
An ALF must be classified as a Limited Care Facility or a Residential Board and Care Occupancy
Limited Care Facility Six foot wide corridors
Smoke Barriers
Full fire sprinkler system (NFPA 13)
Construction type
Residential Board and Care
No construction limitations
NFPA 13R fire sprinkler system
Corridor walls ½ hour fire rated
Corridor doors 20 minute fire rated
RBC Fire Drills Must conduct Six fire drills every year
All residents must reach a point of safety in
13 minutes or less
All residents must physically participate in drills and reach a point of safety with little to no assistance
Must conduct drills at varying times (2 at night)
Use different egress path for every drill, if possible
Residents may be informed in advance of drill
Point of Safety
1. Exterior to, and away from the building
2. Within an exit enclosure (stairway)
3. Within another portion of the building separated by a 20 minute rated smoke barrier #’s 2 & 3 can be used only if
building is fire sprinkler protected or there is 1 hour structural fire protection
Maintaining RBC Classification
Will be evaluated annually by inspection of records
If a drill takes more than 13 minutes
Classification changes to Limited Care Facility or;
Improve drill times by;
Adding staff to assist
Removing resident(s) who are unable to participate in drills
Use admission and retention policies to insure compliance as residents age in place
Fire Drills, Limited Care Facilities
Must be conducted as a Health Care occupancy
12 drills per year (1 per shift quarterly)
Drills involve staff only. No evacuation of residents required
ALL drills, regardless of occupancy classification must be documented
How Not to Run a Fire Drill
We Have Issues Alcohol-based hand
sanitizers
Kitchen hoods/protection
Candles
Candle Warmers, Space Heaters, etc.
Electric Blankets
Christmas Trees/decorations
Oxygen
Fire Evacuation
Power Strips
Documentation
Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers
Permitted in corridors of Limited Care Facilities with restrictions
Not permitted in corridors of Residential Board and Care Occupancies
Kitchen Hoods/Protection
Cooking equipment that produces smoke or grease-laden vapors must be protected
There are several options available for a LCF regarding residential cooking equipment/corridors
Hood/fire-extinguishing equipment must be inspected Semiannually or more depending on cooking volume/type. Clean if contaminated.
Documentation!
Candles
Not permitted in Assisted Living Facilities
Candle Warmers, Space Heaters, etc.
Portable heaters are not permitted in sleeping rooms
Other portable heating devices must be carefully regulated
Electric Blankets and Heating Pads
Unless mandated by a physician they are not permitted in a Limited Care Facility
Strongly discouraged in Residential Board and Care Occupancies
Christmas Trees and Decorations
Natural cut trees and “live” decorations are not permitted in any Assisted Living Facility
Artificial trees must be labeled as flame retardant or fire resistant
Lights must be UL listed
Applies to trees, wreaths and similar decorations
http://www.fire.nist.gov/tree_fire.htm
Decorations in LCF
Must be flame retardant/treated OR
Photos, Paintings, other Art are not required to be flame retardant/treated and attached to walls, ceiling or non-fire rated doors and cover not more than:
20% if not fire sprinkler protected
30% if fire sprinkler protected
50% in resident sleeping room
Oxygen Storage and use must
meet NFPA 99 in LCF
Special provisions for liquid oxygen
See handout
Fire Evacuation
Power Strips
Cannot use in place of permanent wiring.
Specially approved (UL Listed) power strips in patient vicinity.
Fire Door Inspection
All fire rated doors must be inspected annually under the 2012 LSC.
Must be conducted by a person having knowledge and understanding of the operating components (not certified)
11-point inspection includes:
Obstructions
Force to open
Closer
Latching
No security devices that affect egress
Document!
Special Door Inspection
In 2012 LSC certain doors in RBC must be inspected (does not apply to LCF)
Doors with panic hardware
Doors to stairs
Doors with electronic locking
No specific tests listed
Must verify proper operation
Document!
Documentation Document everything!
Fire Drills
Hood/Fire Suppression
Generator (many inspections)
Fire Alarm
Fire Sprinkler
Fire Evacuation Plan
Fire Watch
Emergency Lighting
Fire Extinguishers
Fire Doors
Boiler/Elevator
Questions?