Lesson 8.1• constitution• Suffrage• Northwest Ordinance

of 1787• Articles of

Confederation

• Where ideas for American government came from

• Land Ordinance of 1785

• republic

constitution

Set of basic laws and principles of a society

A written plan of government

8.1

suffrage

Voting rights

8.1

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

• A document that divided the land given up by Virginia

• Created a system for bringing new states into the Union. To apply for statehood, there must be at least 60,000 people living there.

8.1

Articles of Confederation

The government immediately after the American Revolution

Very weak central government with very limited powers - most of the powers went to the states

8.1

Where ideas for American government came from

• Magna Carta• English Bill of Rights• Parliament• House of Burgesses• Fundamental Orders

of Connecticut• Mayflower Compact

• Declaration of Independence

• New England town meetings

• Great Awakening• John Locke and

Enlightenment (not 2 separate answers)

8.1

Land Ordinance of 1785

A system for surveying and dividing the public territory.

Split the land into townships.

8.1

republic

A type of government where the head of state

(person in charge) is elected and the people

hold the power8.1

Lesson 8.2• Creditors• Debtors• inflation

• Shays’s Rebellion• Interstate commerce• Weaknesses under

the Articles of Confederation

creditors

People who lend money

8.2

debtors

People who owe money

8.2

inflation

Increased prices for goods and services

combined with reduced value of money

8.2

Shays’s Rebellion

Farmers who could not pay their taxes and were losing their property or being forced to go to prison participated in a revolt to

close down the courthouses.

This is an example of how angry people were with the government under the

Articles of Confederation

8.2

Interstate commerce

Trade between 2 or more states

8.2

Weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation

Weaknesses• Could not force states to provide soldiers for an army• Could not enforce treaties with foreign countries• Could not regulate interstate commerce• Could not levy (charge) taxes• Lack of respect from other countries• Problems with other countries

– Spain closed the Mississippi River– Britain charged high tariffs (taxes)– Britain closed its ports to US ships

• Shay’s Rebellion8.2

Lesson 8.3• Constitutional

Convention• New Jersey Plan• Virginia Plan• Three-fifths

Compromise

• Checks and Balances• James Madison• Thomas Jefferson• George Washington

Constitutional Convention

Convention in which delegates discussed

revising the Articles of Confederation

8.3

New Jersey Plan

A plan that based representation in

Congress on equality

Favored the small states8.3

Virginia Plan

A plan that based representation in

Congress on population

Favored the large states8.3

Three-Fifths Compromise

Resolved disputes over representation in the southern slave states

Said that 5 slaves = 3 people when determining

representation.8.3

Checks and Balances

Ensures that no one branch will overpower

another

8.3

James Madison

• Took very good notes at the Constitutional Convention

• One of the authors of the Federalist Papers

• A Federalist

8.3

Thomas Jefferson

• Was not able to attend the Constitutional Convention – he was an ambassador at the time

• Antifederalist – supported the Bill of Rights

8.3

George Washington

• Representative from Virginia• Elected to be president of the

Constitutional Convention• Federalist

8.3

Lesson 8.4• Amendment• Federalists• Antifederalists• Federalism

• Ratification• Federalist papers

amendments

Official changes, corrections, or

additions

8.4

Federalists

People who supported the Constitution

Believed that the Constitution provided a good balance of state and national powers

Names of Federalists• Paul Revere• James Madison• George Washington• Benjamin Franklin• Alexander Hamilton• John Jay

8.4

Antifederalists

People who opposed the Constitution

Wanted to add a Bill of Rights

- OR -

Thought it gave too much power to the central government

Names of Antifederalists

• Richard Henry Lee• Mercy Otis Warren• Sam Adams• Patrick Henry• George Mason• Thomas Jefferson

8.4

Federalism

Sharing of power between a central government and

the states that make up a country

8.4

ratification

To approve

9 of the 13 states needed to ratify the Constitution before it

went into effect.

8.4

Federalist Papers

• A series of widely read essays• In support of the Constitution• Explained that the central government

would not overpower the states• Explained that no one single group

(branch of government) would have too much power

• Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay

8.4