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Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

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Page 1: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Moving West

The Land Ordinance of 1785&

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Page 2: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

New Land Policies• Beginning of the Revolution

– Only a few thousand lived west of the Appalachian Mountains

– Treaty of Paris of 1763• Proclamation Line of 1763• Forbid moving West

• By 1790’s– Treaty of Paris of 1783

allowed Americans to move west

– Around 120,000• Settlers wanted to organize

their lands and join the Union

Page 3: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

States Relinquish Territories

• All states relinquished land claims in the new territory and gave it to the congress

Page 4: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Page 5: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Congress in Debt

• Congress had no power to tax the inhabitants of the United States– Goal of the Land

Ordinance of 1785• To raise money through

the sale of land• Pay off war debts• Organize new territories

gained under the Treaty of Paris of 1783

Page 6: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Dividing and Selling Land

• Congress surveyed and Divided the land in order to sell it to people moving west.

• They passed the “Land Ordinance of 1785” to divide the land.

Page 7: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Page 8: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Dividing the Land

• Divided into Townships– 6 Miles Long

• Townships divided into 36 Sections– 640 Acres– Sold at public auctions

for at least $1

Page 9: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Land Speculations

• Speculators viewed the law as an opportunity to accumulate land cheaply– Concerned with the lawlessness in the West,

Richard Henry Lee urged, “the rights of property be clearly defined”

– Congress solved this problem by setting up a new Ordinance called “The Northwest Ordinance of 1787”

Page 10: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

The Northwest Ordinance

Setting up government in the Northwest Territory

Page 11: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

The Northwest Ordinance

Page 12: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

The Northwest Ordinance

• Passed in 1787• Created the Northwest

Territory• Would divide the lands

into 3-5 smaller territories

Page 13: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Setting Up Boundaries

• Northwest Territory– First Organized Territory

of the United States

• Boundaries– South of the Great Lakes– North and West of the

Ohio River– East of the Mississippi

Page 14: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Abolition of State Claims

• The new territory was to be controlled by the central government

• States had to give up their land claims in the West

• Congress would be the legislative body of the new territories

Page 15: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Reaching Statehood• When the territory

reached a population of 5,000 “free male inhabitants of full age” they could form a legislature.

• Once the Territory reached a population of 60,000 it could apply for statehood– These states would be

admitted to the Union with equal rights of the original 13 states.

Page 16: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Establishing Civil Rights

• Property Rights were Promised

• Religious Tolerance was proclaimed

• Free Public Education• No Cruel or Unusual

Punishment• Trial By Jury

Page 17: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

The Prohibition of Slavery

• Slavery and Involuntary Servitude was illegal

Page 18: Moving West The Land Ordinance of 1785 & The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Rights of the Native Americans

• “The utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians; their land and property shall never be taken without their consent; and , in their property, rights, and liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed.”