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Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1-2001) Topics: Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia) Split brain research

Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

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Page 1: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1-2001)

Topics:

Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions Perception and consciousness (with: neglect,

blindsight, agnosia) Split brain research

Page 2: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Methoden in de Neuropsychologie Basisdoel: Effecten van corticale lesies functioneel (gedragsmatig) in

kaart brengen Instrumenten: Psychologische tests Cognitieve taken (belangrijk voor onafhankelijke manipulatie

van relevante cognitieve componenten) Event-related potentials (ERPs: hoge temporele resolutie) Neuro-imaging technieken (MRI, fMRI, PET, SPECT) (hoge spatiële resolutie)

Page 3: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Methoden

Subtractie (vooral bij neuro-imaging: activatie taak B - activatie taak A). Taak B bevat relevante component plus niet relevante component. Taak A bevat alleen niet-relevante component)

Dubbele dissociatie (vooral bij onderzoek naar lesies: bewijs van specifieke locatie van functie)

Page 4: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Frontale schors

Anatomie en functie

Gevolgen (pre) frontale lesies

Page 5: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 6: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Dorsolaterale en orbito prefrontale schors

Lateraal aanzicht

Mediaal aanzicht

Page 7: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Dorslolaterale prefrontale schors: posterieure connecties

Page 8: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Ventrololaterale prefrontale schors

Page 9: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Ventrolaterale prefrontale schors: posterieure connecties

Page 10: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Twee circuits van het werkgeheugen

-Dorsolaterale-PPC pad (spatieel werkgeheugen)

Ventrolateraal-IT pad (niet-spatieel werkgeheugen)

Page 11: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 12: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Frontale gebieden: Neurospychologische Tests:

-Wisconsin Card Sorting (Perseveratie fouten) Aandacht ‘switchen Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC)

-‘Sequencing’ taken. Tower of London (Hanoi Linker frontaal gebieden.

-‘Verbal fluency’ (woord genereer taken: woorden beginnend met…Links frontaal en bilateraal fontaal

-Geheugen voor spatio-temporele context (waar/wanneer)

-Go/nogo taken (motor inhibitie: false alarms)

-Diversen: self ordening tasks, conditioneel associatief leren, Stroop taak, Delayed Response taken

Page 13: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Frontale theorieën:

-Abstract denken -Fouten detectie/correctie -Planning -Inhibitie -SAS -Working memory

Page 14: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 15: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 16: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Verlies van Inhibitie

Residu activaties duren langer bij een serie van stimuli

Page 17: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Bron geheugen

Episodisch geheugen bepaald door::

Context of bron van informatie (details van tijd en plaats)

Page 18: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Sensory gating (P30)

Page 19: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 20: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
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Waarneming en bewustzijn(residu kennis)

Neglect Blindsight Agnosie

Page 22: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Hemi-neglect

Is een aandacht stoornis

Page 23: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 24: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 25: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Balint syndroom

Page 26: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 27: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Drie stadia model van visueel spatiele aandacht (Posner)

Losmaken

Bewegen

vasthechten

Page 28: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 29: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 30: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 31: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
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Typen Neglect (Mesulam)

Page 33: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Typen neglect (Mesulam)

Perceptueel

Motorisch

Motivationeel

Arousal gerelateerd

PPC

Perceptie (pulvinar, visuele schors)

Motivatie (limbisch systeem)

Activatie (RAS)

Actie coll.superior, FEF)

Page 34: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Blindsight: dissociatie tussen perceptie en bewustzijn (bij lesie primaire visuele schors, V1)

Twee verklaringen:

1. Residu functie primaire visuele schors (V1)

2. Alternatieve visuele banen naar secundaire visuele schors (tecto-pulvinaire pad

Page 35: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Typen neglect (Mesulam)

Page 36: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Twee routes naar visuele schors

PULVINAIR

CORPUS GEN.LATERALE

COLLICULISUPERIOR

THALAMUS

CORTEX

TECTUMRETINA

AREA 7

AREA 17 18

DORSAAL

VENTRAALAREA 20,21

AREA 8

FRONTALE OOG VELDEN

Page 37: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 38: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Split brain onderzoek

Linker en rechter hemisfeer specialisatie

Page 39: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Visuele halfveld techniek

Page 40: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
Page 41: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Drie stadia van woord herkenning na operatie CC

Page 42: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)

Sodium amytal test

Page 43: Lecture 5 (Prof. A. Kok, 30-1- 2001) n Topics: n Prefrontal anatomy and (dys)functions n Perception and consciousness (with: neglect, blindsight, agnosia)
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