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Lecture 11: Flight Management System
(FMS)
By: Zuliana Ismail,2010
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Introduction
• Modern aircraft are filled with the latest technology.
• Technology which greatly reduces workload if the systems are understood and used properly.
• The heart of all these systems is the FMS.
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What is FMS?
• FMS is stand for Flight Management System (FMS) is a specialized computer system that automates a wide variety of in-flight tasks.
• FMS acts as the ‘brain’ of the aircraft navigation system.
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FMS Components
• From the cockpit, the FMS is normally controlled through a Control Display Unit (CDU) which incorporates a small screen and keyboard.
• The FMS sends the flight plan for display on the EFIS, Navigation Display (ND)
Control Display Unit
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FMS Components
Control Display Unit Navigation Display
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FMS database
FMS Contains two types database which are:
– NAVIGATION DATABASE
– PERFORMANCE DATABASE
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FMS navigation database
• All FMS contain a navigation database.
• The navigation database contains the elements from which the flight plan is constructed.
• Navigation Database include– Waypoints,
– Airways (highways in the sky)
– Radio navigation aids (DME,VOR,ILS)
– Airports (Runways), Holding patterns
– And a variety of other related information
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FMS performance database
• During preflight, other information relevant to managing the flight plan is entered.
• This can include performance information such as – Maximum take-off weight,
– Fuel weight
– Center of gravity.
– It will include altitudes including the initial cruise altitude.
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Flight Management Computer Input/output
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FMS Operation
• Pilot key in input route information to CDU of FMS
• The navigation and aircraft performance database must be verified.
• Routing must be confirmed accurate and correct and any ATC changes to expected routing must be entered manually.
• The pilot becomes a manager of this sophisticated system, monitoring progress and updating or changing parameters as necessary.
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FMS Advantages
• FMS are designed to :– Improve Navigation– Aid Fuel Efficiency– Reduce Crew Workload– More Accurate
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FMS Advantages
• FMS are designed to:– Navigation
• A principal task of the FMS is to determine the aircraft's position and the accuracy of that position.
• Given the flight plan and the aircraft's position, the FMS calculates the course to follow.
• Autopilot can be set to follow the course.
– Aid Fuel Efficiency• It calculates performance data and the most fuel-efficient route
to be flown based on typical aircraft parameters such as weight, cruise altitude and actual aircraft position, regardless of weather conditions.
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FMS Advantages
• Reduce Crew Workload– Allows pilots more time to analyze and make
decisions. (drink coffee too)
• More Accurate.– Computer generated efficiency profiles are more
accurate.– Navigation accuracy is improved through
integration and cross referencing of multiple sources.
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FMS Disadvantages
• Error Data Entry– Reliant on pilot input.
– There is potential of misinterpretation or erroneous data entry.
• Loss of situational awareness– Loss of situational awareness. Pilots may become so
involved in operating and monitoring the system that they forget to look outside.
• Expensive.
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Question Bank
1. a) Describe about FMS?
b) Explain advantages and disadvantages of FMS