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8/7/2019 Lec 1-Chap 1-Intro to Engineering
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Introduction to engineering
Engineering and Society (BPK 4032)
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AgendaAgenda
1. What it means to be an engineer?
2. What is Engineering?
3. Rules of conduct
4. Functions of Engineers
5. Profession and Professionalism
6. Good Leaders
7. Freedom within Framework
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What is your understanding
of engineer as a profession?-What is the engineer duty?
-What type of knowledge
involved?-What is the difference of engineer
compared to scientist?
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What it means to be an engineer?
An engineer is a person professionally
engaged in a field ofengineering
A vocation (profession) whose principal dutyis to serve mankind
Applying knowledge to create
practical devices, structures and
processes
In contrast: Scientist aims to seek knowledge
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What is engineering?
-Origins of the word?-IEM (Institution of Engineers
Malaysia) Definition of
Engineering
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Engineering-origins of the word
Practicalform ofartandaprofession,
evolvedfromtheworkofbuildersthousands
ofyearsago Originatedprobably intheMiddleAges
around1000-1200 AD(AnnoDominoor
CurrentEra)
Thereweremainly buildersofciviland
mechanicalstructures such asbuildings,
bridges,roads, millsandwarmachines
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What is Engineering?
Engineering is the discipline and profession ofapplying technical and scientific knowledge andutilizing natural laws and physical resources in
order to design and implement materials,
structures,machines,devices,systems, andprocesses that safely realize a desired objective
and meet specified criteria
The profession in which a knowledge of themathematical and natural sciences gained by study,
experience, applied practices with judgement ,to
develop ways to utilize economically the materials
and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind
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Science and Technology Definition
Science:
Business of seeking knowledge
Technology
Intelligent organization and
manipulation of materials foruseful
purposes
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IEM (Institution of Engineers
Malaysia) Definition of Engineering
Share a common heritage of knowledge, skill
andart
Renders(give) a specializedservices Involvesa confidentialrelationshipbetween
practitioner-client and/or employer
Ischargedwith a substantialdegree ofpublicobligation (duty)
Isboundby a distinctive EthicalCode
Haslearnedorganizationsorsocieties
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As a summary, Engineering is..
A profession: it has standards of conduct,responsibilities, is based on specialized knowledge
and members can attain professional status in well-
defined ways.
An art as well as science: experience and practice
is required.
The application of professional judgement in
seeking optimum solutions. The utilization of resources: nature, forces, energy,
material,knowledge.
An exercise in optimizing economic cost.
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with rules of conduct pertaining
Who is permittedto practice?
Whatarean engineers obligations to his/her
clientoremployerandhis/hercolleagues? Whatfurther obligations does an engineer
oweto society?
By whatstandards shallan engineerbecompensated(rewarded)?
How andby whom shallan engineers
professionalconductbejudged?
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What is the role
of engineers?
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Functions of Engineers
Engineers act as a leader to technicians,craftsmen andworkers
Engineers shouldbe familiar with the skills of his/her subordinates,
andin addition to that, innovate,
design,
make decisions,
andforesee,
identify,
assess, and
solve problems
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in the following areas:
Management
R&D
Engineering skills
use in the
following areas
Engineering skills
use in the
following areas
Production
Design
Construction
Sales
Operation
In various fields
of engineering
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Public PerceptionPublic Perception
Parents Public
High esteem
Good job
opportunities
Well paid
Responsible
positions
Poor
communications
Square/Rigid
Male
Socially inept
(hard to adapt)
etc
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Objectives of Engineering
and Society Subject?
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Learn
social
side of
engineering
Analyse
problemsPropose
solution
Include
issues like:
national
development
Environment
Social
Professionalism
Understand
equal
Importance
of social
knowledge
to technical
knowledge
In reality
Engineers
are expected
to analyse
situations
and problems
Propose
rational
solutions or
recommendations
Objectives of Engineering and
Society Subject
Objectives of Engineering and
Society Subject
Understand
importance
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What is the different
between profession andprofessionalism?
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Profession
Involve the application ofspecialised
knowledge ofasubject,field, orscience to
fee-payingclientele
Claimauthority on specificprofessionalknowledge andskill
Possesscriteriaformembershipprivilege,
obligation andrights
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Characteristics of Profession
Having a specializedknowledgeandskill Haveundergonea recognizededucational
processsuccessfully
Having acquireda standardofspecializedqualification basedon a specificdisciplineofeducation andproven competence
Action guidedbya standardofconductbased
upon ethicalcode Statusrecognition
Involvedactivelyin an organization devotedtocommon advancement
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Professionalism
Professionalstatus, methods, character, or
standards.
Refertomemberscommonwayofthinkingandliving
Senseofmoral andvocational(profession)
satisfaction Professionalattitudesandmotivationbased
oncommunityrecognitionandlevelof
reward
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Professionalism
Aselfimposedstandardsofexcellence inits
performance
Sharingadvancesinprofessionalknowledgeby renderinggratuitousservicestosociety
Professionalactivity carryinghighlevel
responsibility Motivationforservice
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Professionalism
Engineers practise as members of teams, led andmanaged by senior engineers.
Senior engineers -tended and managed large
resources ofman,materials and finance
Junior engineers -involved in detailed technical
practice
Technical direction came from -middle level
engineers Generally in the client-practitioner characteristic,
the individual role is taken over by the engineering
management
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What is the criteria
of good leader?
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Good Leaders
Tend to treat people ascolleagues,companiesorpartners
To gain respect,relyingupon authorityofknowledge and personality
Require considerable innerconfidence to leadthe people on theirjourneyand to showthemthe wayforward
Able to motivate,makingpeople understand theimportance bystressingon the significance ofthe job
A good listener
Ask question to create aclimate ofparticipation
Trust the team
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Good Leaders
Acceptresponsibility
Courteous, positiveoutlookandcoolunderpressure
Fullofhumility buthasnodoubtofhisownpowerorhesitation inspeaking hisopinion
Understandwhathecandoorsay depending
onthesituationandcondition Berightinthebusinessbutnotjustfor
himself
Spotanycrisisbeforeithappens
Leadb exam le
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Engineer as Leader
Willingness to practise the qualities of
goodleader
Acquire intense professional will anddisplayworkmanlike diligence
Committedto produce sustainedresults
withcontinuous improvement
Tookfull responsibility
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Engineers who are potential leaders
Conscious
Personal
development
Self-reflection
A significance
life experience
A loving parentA great teacher
Being a mentor
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What are possible challenges
when working in an
organization?
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Bureaucracy and Hierarchy
Endure culture ofdiscipline and avoid
hierarchyand bureaucracy
Bureaucracycompensate incompetence andlackofdiscipline
Problemisminimized ifthe rightpeople is
chosen in the rightplace
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Bureaucracy and Hierarchy
Bureaucracy
inhibit (hold back) creativity,
innovative people leave, organization will suffer
A culture of discipline together with
entrepreneurship driving spirit would achieve
superior performance and sustained results
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Suggestion for organization
structure and mechanism?
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Freedom within
a Framework
Invent mechanism that drive culture changeandenhancement
Enablingmanagerto be responsible forthereturn on investment
No cover-upon ineffective management
Usesrigour(strictness)anddiscipline to
enable creativity andentreprenourship Given the freedom to determine the best path
to achieve objectives
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Freedom within a Framework
Discipline by itself would not produce great
result
Tremendous discipline can produce disaster Ideally, require self-disciplined people who
are also engaged in thoroughthinking
Disciplined action within the framework of aconsistent system around the area they can
be best
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