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Learning Objectives
- Identify the difference between the differing types of costs
- Identify the different types of revenue
- Explain the importance of costs, revenue and profit for a business
Starter
_____________ - ______________
= PROFIT!
Covering the costs of a new product or service
Types of costs 1
Start-up costs: Are payments made before, or soon after, the start
of a project Occur only once May be quite high
(eg for a new building)
Examples of start-up costs
New building or extension to existing building New machines, including installation Office equipment, including ICT Market research and advertising Initial stocks of materials Installation of gas, electricity, telephone lines New vehicles
Types of costs 2
Running costs: These begin once the project has started They arise on a regular basis Must be paid for as long as the project lasts
Examples of running costs
Wages and salaries Heating and electricity Repairs and maintenance Business rent and rates Materials and stationery Telephone Advertising Vehicle running costs (eg diesel fuel)
Warning!
Stock (initial stock = start-up; regular stock = running)
Advertising (initial adverts = start-up; regular adverts = running)
Some types of costs can be both start-up and running costs, eg
Key questions to ask
Is the bill paid once only? If so, cost is a start-up cost.
Is the bill paid regularly? If so, cost is a running cost.
Importance of costs
Questions:
Why is it important to know your start
up and running costs?
Why is it important to reduce costs?
The basics of break-evenThere are two types of costs:
Variable costs increase by a step every time an extra product is sold (eg cost of ice cream cornets in ice cream shop)
Fixed costs have to be paid even if no products are sold (eg rent of ice cream shop)
Examples of variable costs
Variable costs increase with the amount of production
Raw materials Petrol Labour (paid by the hour) Packaging
Example of Variable Costs
One product costs £1 to produce
£1
£4
£3
£2
Cos
ts o
f pr
oduc
tion
Production level
1 2 3 4
Examples of Fixed Costs
Fixed costs remain the same no matter the production level
Rent Business rates (tax on businesses) Salary based employee wages Insurance
Example of Fixed Costs
£100
£400
£300
£200
Cos
ts o
f pr
oduc
tion
Production level
1 2 3 4
Assessment Slides
Write a powerpoint that examines all that you have learnt today include examples (inc pics) for each of the following:
Start up costs Running costs
Choose a Business
Develop a powerpoint for a new business venture that you wish to setup.
Price and identify: Fixed costs Variable costs of your product/service Start up costs Running costs
Sales Revenue
Revenue = selling price x quantity sold
i.e – if a product is sold for £15 and sells 10 units then it will bring in £150
£15 x 10 = £150