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Leaf yield and Nutritivevalue of Moringa

stenopetalaand Moringa oleifera

Accessions

ByDechasa Jiru Kai sonder

Lalisa Alemayehu,Yalemtshay Mekonenand Agena Anjulo

Moringa and other highly nutritious plant resources: Strategies, standards and markets for a betterimpact on nutrition in Africa. Accra, Ghana, November 16-18, 2006

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In marginal dry parts of Ethiopia Moringa tree intercrop ofthe Konso people and the Surrounding people of theSouth Ethiopia is on farm tree (home-garden) farm thatsupports nearly high population density.

Konso moringa tree intercrop in the dry farming has less tono problem of soil erosion, population increase,environmental degradation and famine in relative terms.

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Participatory farmers interview

Three important tree intercrops wereidentified in Ethiopia

In Ox-cultureAcaia albida( Faidherrdia albida) (N)Croton macrstachyus (P)Hoe-cultureMoringa stenopetala

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• Honey production (Apiculture)• Ethiopia has three to five million bee colonies,

which makes the country with the highest beedensity in Africa. It is the fourth largest waxproducing country after China, Mexico andTurkey. The total estimate is about twothousand one hundred tones per year, it is oneof the largest honey producing country in Africa.World wide it stands in tenth place in honeyproduction. In area where cattle production islimited apiculture plays a significant role.Perennial plant provides sustainable bee forageSince land is currentely converted to annualcrop and grass cover bees are indanger.

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• Recommended species Flowering period• J F M A M J J A S O N D Altitude(masl)• 1. Acacia abyssinica ============= 1500 - 2900• 2. Acacia albida =============== 500 - 2600• 3. Acacia tortilis ============ 600 - 1900• 6. Albizia gummifera ============ 1550 - 2150• 7. Albizia schimperiana=============== 1550 - 2800• 8. Cordia africana ====== = = == = = ====== 550 - 2600• 9. Croton macrostachys = = =========== = = 1300 - 2700• 10.Dovyalis caffra ..._____________ .................... 1500 - 2600• 11.Ehretia cymosa = ========== = = = = = = = = = 500 - 2700• 12.Erythrina abyssinica =========== ======= 1000 - 2800• 13.Erythrina brucei ___ _______ 1550 - 2800• 14.E.camaldulensis=========================== 900 - 2400• 15.Eucalyptus globulus = = = = = ===== = = = = = == = 1800 - 3200• 16.Euphorbia candellbrum == ========== 1200 - 1900• 17.Euphorbia tirucalli = = = = = = = = = = == = = = = = = 1300 - 2000• 18 Moringa stenopetala == = = = ====== 100-1800• 19.Annual grases/Weeds = in all ranges• ___________________________________________________• Source:- Dechasa 1995 mainly based on honeybee flora of Ethiopia• Note:- It is a general indicator the detail and reliable information is under

investigation for priority species in specific agro-ecology/site condition/• ============== Pollen and nectar are collected frequently• = = = = = = = = Pollen and nectar collected less frequently• ________________ Either pollen or nectar

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On farm tree planting

Staggered spacing is adoptedFrom Engineer BeeIt is also a breeder

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Distribution of M.stenopetala

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Species diversity

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Leaf assessment

• M.stenopetala• M.oleifera

Leaflets

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15

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• Local Konso planting method

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26

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Leaves ready to be cooked(Photo E. Delemeunaere)

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Leaf Yield: M. oleifera= 2 kg/treeM. Stenopetala = 0.2 kg/tree

Reasons for low yield: 1.Spacing narrow for stenopetala2.Insect damage3.Slow growth

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The Nitrogen (%) of the different M. stenopetala

3.0

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

Wac

ha she

lla (3

5-36

)

Fahsa

(15)

Kolas

hara

(32)

Gam

olle (1

4)

Arb

aminch

wat

er te

ch (7

)

Der

a (2

1)

Arb

aminch

lower

sek

ela

Lash

o (1

)

Molle (3

3)

Gat

to (2

5)

PkmIndia

Ase

lle (1

70)

Ber

ber (

4)

Ger

salle

(23)

Exbar

ingo

oleife

ra (4

1)

Wos

seka

(27)

Shele (2

9)

Dok

atu

(11)

Localities

Nit

rog

en

(%

)

31

The crude protein content

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

Wac

ha she

lla (3

5-36

)

Fahsa

(15)

Kolas

hara

(32)

Gam

olle (1

4)

Arb

aminch

wat

er te

ch (7

)

Der

a (2

1)

Arb

aminch

lower

sek

ela

Lash

o (1

)

Molle (3

3)

Gat

to (2

5)

Pkm

India

Ase

lle (1

70)

Berbe

r (4)

Ger

salle

(23)

Exb

aringo

oleife

ra (4

1)

Wos

seka

(27)

She

le (2

9)

Dok

atu

(11)

Locations

Cru

de

pro

tein

co

nte

nt

(%)

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The invitro digestibility of the different M. stenopetala

76

78

80

82

84

86

88

90

92

Wac

ha she

lla (3

5-36

)

Fahsa

(15)

Kolas

hara

(32)

Gam

olle (1

4)

Arb

aminch

wat

er te

ch (7

)

Der

a (2

1)

Arb

aminch

lower

sek

ela

Lash

o (1

)

Molle (3

3)

Gat

to (2

5)

PkmIndia

Ase

lle (1

70)

Ber

ber (

4)

Ger

salle

(23)

Exbar

ingo

oleife

ra (4

1)

Wos

seka

(27)

Shele (2

9)

Dok

atu

(11)

Locations

IVO

MD

(%

)

33

THANKYOU

Photo E. Demeuleunaere