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Le faire CausativeFSF4U
Le faire Causative
• Video
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YlewjgJLgLg
Le faire Causative
• The French causative construction describes an action that is being caused—rather than performed—by the subject of the sentence:
• he/she/it is causing something to happen, having something done, or making someone do something.
Le faire Causative
• A causative sentence must have a subject (which may be a person or thing), the conjugated verb faire, and the infinitive of another verb, as well as at least one of these two things: a "receiver" (a person or thing being acted upon) and/or an "agent" (a person or thing being made to act).
Le faire Causative
1. Receiver onlyThe subject of the sentence makes something happen to the receiver: subject + faire + infinitive + receiver
• Je fais laver la voiture. I'm having the car washed.
• Il fait réparer la machine. He's having the machine repaired.
• J'ai fait faire un gâteau. I had a cake made
Le faire Causative
2. Agent onlyThe subject makes the agent do something: subject + faire + infinitive + agentNote that there is no preposition.*
• Je fais écrire David. I'm making David write.
• Il fait manger sa sœur. He makes his sister eat.
• Les orages font pleurer mes enfants. Storms make my children cry.
Le faire Causative
• 3. Receiver + Agent:The subject has the agent do something to the receiver: subject + faire + infinitive + receiver + par or à* + agent
• Je fais laver la voiture par/à David. I'm having David wash the car.
• Vas-tu faire examiner les enfants par le/au médecin ? Are you going to have the doctor examine the kids?
Note that the agent is preceded by a preposition only when there is also a receiver; this is particularly important when they are both people, as in the final example, because it lets you know which is which.
Le faire Causative
• The causative is used reflexively (with a reflexive pronoun) to indicate that the subject has something done to himself or asks someone to do something to/for him.
• Je me fais coiffer deux fois par mois. I get my hair done (literally, "I get myself coiffed") twice a month.
• Il se fait apporter le café chaque matin. He has [someone] bring him coffee, He has coffee brought to him every morning.
Le faire Causative
• Objects and object pronounsThe causative construction always has a direct object, which may be either the receiver or the agent. When replacing the direct object with an object pronoun, that pronoun is placed in front of faire.
• Je fais écrire une lettre. > Je la fais écrire. (lettre [la] is the receiver) I'm having a letter written. > I'm having it written.
• Je fais écrire David. > Je le fais écrire. (David [le] is the agent) I'm having David write. > I'm having him write.
Le faire Causative
AgreementNormally when a compound tense is preceded by a direct object, there needs to be agreement. However, this is not the case with the causative, which has no direct object agreement.
• Il a fait travailler les enfants. > Il les a fait travailler. (not "faits") He made the children work. > He made them work.
• J'ai fait étudier Christine. > Je l'ai fait étudier. (not "faite") I made Christine study. > I made her study.
Le faire Causative
• Textbook - p 125 Je pratique…
• Cahier – p 111-114 A, B, C, E, A