LanzhouLanzhou

By: Mackenzie SmitBy: Mackenzie Smit

P8 10/25/09P8 10/25/09

Introduction Introduction

My target area is the city of Lanzhou My target area is the city of Lanzhou in the Gansu Province. in the Gansu Province.

Originally, I had hoped to compare Originally, I had hoped to compare three different cities and their history, three different cities and their history, arts, and culture. arts, and culture.

They were Beijing, Xi’an, and LanzhouThey were Beijing, Xi’an, and Lanzhou Now it is just Lanzhou, it’s history, Now it is just Lanzhou, it’s history,

and ancient arts. and ancient arts.

More Specific More Specific IntroductionIntroduction

Lanzhou is located in the Gansu Province Lanzhou is located in the Gansu Province which is split into five different areas.which is split into five different areas.

Lanzhou has a population of 2.58 million. Lanzhou has a population of 2.58 million. Lanzhou was nominated as a high Lanzhou was nominated as a high

pollutant city, China had seven of ten.pollutant city, China had seven of ten. As a result, an entrepreneur wanted to As a result, an entrepreneur wanted to

knock a ‘window’ in the mountain around knock a ‘window’ in the mountain around Lanzhou to relieve the smog, but that Lanzhou to relieve the smog, but that dream of theme parks and grand villas dream of theme parks and grand villas crashed when the city was discovered to crashed when the city was discovered to be hemmed in by the mountains. be hemmed in by the mountains.

More about LanzhouMore about Lanzhou Lanzhou is the capital of the Gansu Lanzhou is the capital of the Gansu

Province, as I stated earlierProvince, as I stated earlier The topography is formed by three parts, The topography is formed by three parts,

valleys, basins, and hilly land. valleys, basins, and hilly land. The Yellow River winds through the whole The Yellow River winds through the whole

city.city. Many parts of the area are semi-dry in Many parts of the area are semi-dry in

climate and the temperature.climate and the temperature. Lanzhou has an average annual Lanzhou has an average annual

temperature of 8.9 degrees Celsius and an temperature of 8.9 degrees Celsius and an average annual precipitation of 331 mm. average annual precipitation of 331 mm.

Facts about LanzhouFacts about Lanzhou Lanzhou is a main source of coal, in addition to Lanzhou is a main source of coal, in addition to

gold, silver, nickel, zine, maganese, clay, and gold, silver, nickel, zine, maganese, clay, and dolomite. dolomite.

Major industries include waterpower, oil Major industries include waterpower, oil refineries, chemicals, machinery, and the refineries, chemicals, machinery, and the metallurgic industry. metallurgic industry.

Agriculture consists of spring wheat, vegetables, Agriculture consists of spring wheat, vegetables, beans, oil-boiling, melon, and tobacco.beans, oil-boiling, melon, and tobacco.

Lanzhou also exports roses and lilies. Lanzhou also exports roses and lilies. Lastly, Lanzhou specializes in rose oil and fruit, a Lastly, Lanzhou specializes in rose oil and fruit, a

considerable 80% output.considerable 80% output.

Last few FactsLast few Facts The traditional specialties in Lanzhou are melon The traditional specialties in Lanzhou are melon

seed, peach, watermelon, pears, roses and lilies.seed, peach, watermelon, pears, roses and lilies. LanzhouLanzhou, named Jincheng (Gold City) in ancient , named Jincheng (Gold City) in ancient

times, has a history of more than thousand years. times, has a history of more than thousand years. Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the

Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden. Mountains, and the Watermill Garden.

Famous Places or AreasFamous Places or Areas

Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden. Watermill Garden.

Famous Places or AreasFamous Places or Areas

Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden. Watermill Garden.

Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden. Watermill Garden.

TimelineTimeline

1200- China is invaded by the Mongols1200- China is invaded by the Mongols 1300-The Yuan Dynasty ends, the Ming 1300-The Yuan Dynasty ends, the Ming

beginsbegins 1600-Manchurian troops overthrow Ming 1600-Manchurian troops overthrow Ming

Dynasty to establish the Qing Dynasty. Dynasty to establish the Qing Dynasty. 1840- First Opium War blasts through 1840- First Opium War blasts through

ChinaChina 1842-Hong Kong handed to Britain1842-Hong Kong handed to Britain 1898-Opium War ends, Britain buys 99 year 1898-Opium War ends, Britain buys 99 year

lease of New Territorieslease of New Territories

Timeline AgainTimeline Again

1900- The People’s Republic ends last 1900- The People’s Republic ends last DynastyDynasty

1930- The Communist Government takes over1930- The Communist Government takes over 1950-Government launched on a tremendous 1950-Government launched on a tremendous

economic and social indemnification economic and social indemnification 1960- State President Liu Shoaqi took charge 1960- State President Liu Shoaqi took charge

and adopted realistic economic policies which and adopted realistic economic policies which clashed with Mao’s versionclashed with Mao’s version

1989- Military units were deployed in Beijing1989- Military units were deployed in Beijing

Stamp InformationStamp Information

My stamp is the Chinese Characters My stamp is the Chinese Characters for China.for China.

I chose this design because I wanted I chose this design because I wanted my stamp to symbolize a unified my stamp to symbolize a unified nation of China, not just one area or nation of China, not just one area or thingthing

Some HistorySome History Lanzhou has the “Hexi Corridor” or the “Corridor West of Lanzhou has the “Hexi Corridor” or the “Corridor West of

the Yellow River”, where the early Chinese civilization the Yellow River”, where the early Chinese civilization beganbegan

Lanzhou became capital of a succession of tribal states Lanzhou became capital of a succession of tribal states during the turbulent times that followed the decline of the during the turbulent times that followed the decline of the Han Dynasty. Han Dynasty.

During this time, people began to turn to ideologies that During this time, people began to turn to ideologies that satisfied their need for hope. satisfied their need for hope.

As a result, Taoism developed into a religion, and Buddhism As a result, Taoism developed into a religion, and Buddhism became the official religion in some of the northern states. became the official religion in some of the northern states.

Buddhist art also flourished, and shrines were built in Buddhist art also flourished, and shrines were built in temples, caves, and on cliffs. temples, caves, and on cliffs.

From the fifth to the 11th centuries, Dunhuang, beyond the From the fifth to the 11th centuries, Dunhuang, beyond the Yumen Pass of the Great Wall, became a center for Buddhist Yumen Pass of the Great Wall, became a center for Buddhist study, drawing scholars and pilgrims from afar. It was a study, drawing scholars and pilgrims from afar. It was a period in which magnificent works of art were created. period in which magnificent works of art were created.

100 (or more) Word 100 (or more) Word EssayEssay

北京的城市是中国的资本，建筑家著名的地方，如故宫，北京的城市是中国的资本，建筑家著名的地方，如故宫，颐和园。紫禁城的建筑完成于颐和园。紫禁城的建筑完成于 14091409年，为皇帝和他的家年，为皇帝和他的家人为了居住的地方。然而，中国被侵略的人为了居住的地方。然而，中国被侵略的MongolsMongols 同一同一年，作为对在中国历史上的第一个外国统治者。颐和园是年，作为对在中国历史上的第一个外国统治者。颐和园是最好的，和广泛，其绘画和美化环境，最能体现了华人经最好的，和广泛，其绘画和美化环境，最能体现了华人经典艺术众所周知的。兰州是甘肃省的省会。它拥有多种矿典艺术众所周知的。兰州是甘肃省的省会。它拥有多种矿物质如煤，金，银，锌，镍，锰，粘土和白云石。农业培物质如煤，金，银，锌，镍，锰，粘土和白云石。农业培养食物，例如：春小麦，蔬菜，豆类，油煮，甜瓜和烟草。养食物，例如：春小麦，蔬菜，豆类，油煮，甜瓜和烟草。兰州还发出玫瑰和百合，玫瑰油是兰州还发出玫瑰和百合，玫瑰油是 80%80%％的产量。果实％的产量。果实是著名的了是著名的了。。

English Version of EssayEnglish Version of Essay Beijing is China's capital city, architect famous Beijing is China's capital city, architect famous

places, such as the Forbidden City, Summer Palace. places, such as the Forbidden City, Summer Palace. Forbidden City building was completed in 1409 for Forbidden City building was completed in 1409 for the emperor and his family to live. However, the the emperor and his family to live. However, the Mongols invaded China the same year as the first in Mongols invaded China the same year as the first in Chinese history a foreign ruler. Summer Palace is Chinese history a foreign ruler. Summer Palace is the best, and wide-ranging, its painting and the best, and wide-ranging, its painting and landscaping, best reflects the well-known Chinese landscaping, best reflects the well-known Chinese classic art. Lanzhou is the capital of Gansu Province. classic art. Lanzhou is the capital of Gansu Province. It has a variety of minerals such as coal, gold, silver, It has a variety of minerals such as coal, gold, silver, zinc, nickel, manganese, clay and dolomite. zinc, nickel, manganese, clay and dolomite. Agriculture to develop foods, such as: spring wheat, Agriculture to develop foods, such as: spring wheat, vegetables, beans, cooking oil, melons and tobacco. vegetables, beans, cooking oil, melons and tobacco. Lanzhou also issued a rose and lily, rose oil is 80%% Lanzhou also issued a rose and lily, rose oil is 80%% of its production. Is famous for its fruit.of its production. Is famous for its fruit.

Info about EssayInfo about Essay

My essay was written when I had chosen My essay was written when I had chosen originally to compare Beijing to Lanzhou, originally to compare Beijing to Lanzhou, then decided not too. then decided not too.

I had wanted to compare the ancient arts I had wanted to compare the ancient arts such as literature, paintings, and religion such as literature, paintings, and religion with history, comparing two different cities.with history, comparing two different cities.

Beijing, I decided not to do, because Beijing, I decided not to do, because information was repetitive and widely information was repetitive and widely known concerning the Forbidden City and known concerning the Forbidden City and Summer Palace. Summer Palace.

BibliographyBibliography

http://74.125.113.132/custom?q=cachttp://74.125.113.132/custom?q=cache:rpWJSNUPhDEJ:www.impcas.ac.che:rpWJSNUPhDEJ:www.impcas.ac.cn/zhuye/en/htm/Introduction_to_Lann/zhuye/en/htm/Introduction_to_Lanzhou.pdf+What+is+LanZhou+mostzhou.pdf+What+is+LanZhou+most+famous+for%3F&cd=3&hl=en&ct+famous+for%3F&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=pub-89937034=clnk&gl=us&client=pub-899370345758526657585266