LAND AREA 300,000 km 2 HUMAN POPULATION 75,040,000 …datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/IBAs/AsiaCntryPDFs/Philippines.pdf213 Important Bird Areas in Asia – Philippines PHILIPPINES

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Important Bird Areas in Asia – Philippines

■■■■■ PHILIPPINES

KEY HABITATS AND BIRDS

• The natural habitat throughout almost all of the Philippines istropical forest, including lowland rain forest, peat swamp forest(in the south), lower and upper montane rain forest and montanepine forest, with mangrove forest along the coast. ThePhilippines is remarkable for its very high levels of endemism,including many species that are confined to certain islands orisland groups within the archipelago. Almost the entire countryis therefore included in Endemic Bird Areas or Secondary Areas(EBA 150: Mindoro, EBA 151: Luzon, EBA 152: Negros andPanay, EBA 153: Cebu, EBA 154: Mindanao and the EasternVisayas, EBA 155: Sulu archipelago, EBA 156: Palawan, SA094: Batanes and Babuyan Islands, SA 095: Tablas, Romblonand Sibuyan and SA 096: Siquijor). The forests of the Philippinesare also important wintering grounds for many migrants fromNorth-East Asia, including the threatened Japanese Night-heronGorsachius goisagi.

• The coastal and freshwater wetlands of the Philippines supportmany breeding, passage and wintering waterbirds, including thethreatened Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes, Philippine DuckAnas luzonica (a national endemic) and Streaked Reed-warblerAcrocephalus sorghophilus (only known to winter in thePhilippines).

CONSERVATION INFRASTRUCTURE ANDPROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)is responsible for the protection and management of biodiversityand natural habitats in the Philippines. The Protected Areas andWildlife Bureau (PAWB) of DENR manages the protected areassystem in the Philippines.

The Philippine government has recognised that the effectiveprotection of key sites, selected to fully represent the uniquediversity of the Philippines, is the most important mechanism toprotect this biodiversity and to minimise species extinctions. On 1June 1992, the National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS)Law replaced Republic Act 3915 of 1932, otherwise known as theNational Parks Law. It attempts to address the problems ofprotected area management in the Philippines by espousing thetwin objectives of biodiversity conservation and sustainabledevelopment. The old system of reserves and sanctuaries (knownas the “Initial component” of NIPAS) has been thoroughly re-assessed. Sites that are no longer considered suitable for protectedareas have been dropped, and many new sites have been proposedand added to the NIPAS process. The protected status of manysites in the Philippines is currently in transition as they movethrough the 13-step process required for their establishment asNIPAS areas.

With the enactment of the Local Government Code of 1991 orRepublic Act 7160, certain functions of national governmentwere devolved to Local Government Units (LGUs). At theprovincial level, local government has the authority inter aliato: (i) adopt measures to safeguard and conserve land for marineand forest resources and preserve natural ecosystems;(ii) approve and pass ordinances and resolutions to protect theenvironment; (iii) review the land-use plans and zoning ordinancesof component municipalities and adopt a comprehensive provincialland-use plan; (iv) appoint Provincial Environment and NaturalResources Officers and establish Environment and NaturalResources Offices (ENROs); and (v) develop its own fundingmechanisms for the environment. The municipalities are also ableto pass ordinances and resolutions, plan land-use, and enactintegrated zoning ordinances, and they are mandated to implementcommunity-based forestry projects and manage and controlcommunity forests (not bigger than 5,000 ha). At the lowest

Much of the original forest in the Philippines has been cleared, but in Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (IBA 15)undisturbed forest still extends from the coast to the mountain peaks. (PHOTO: MICHAEL POULSEN/BIRDLIFE)

LAND AREA 300,000 km2 HUMAN POPULATION 75,040,000 (250 per km2)NUMBER OF IBAs 117 TOTAL AREA OF IBAs 32,302 km2 STATUS OF IBAs 47 protected; 23 partially protected; 47 unprotected

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Map 1. Location and size of Important Bird Areas in the Philippines.

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administrative level, the barangay chairman is mandated toenforce all laws and regulations relating to protection of theenvironment. This devolution of responsibility to LGUs providesan important opportunity to work for the protection andmanagement of IBAs at the local level.

The Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act(Republic Act 9147) was enacted in 2001, with the ImplementingRules and Regulations (IRR) formalised in early 2004 throughthe joint DENR–Department of Agriculture–Palawan Councilfor Sustainable Development Administrative Order Number 1.This law seeks to fulfil the following objectives: (a) to conserveand protect wildlife species and their habitats to promoteecological balance and enhance biological diversity; (b) to regulatethe collection and trade of wildlife; (c) to pursue, with due regardto the national interest, the Philippine commitment to internationalconventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats; and (d) toinitiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of biologicaldiversity. A key provision in the IRR is the adoption of all prioritysites identified in the recent Philippine Biodiversity ConservationPrioritisation Process (PBCPP) as “critical habitats”. The PBCPPareas include all IBAs. According to the law, “All designated criticalhabitats shall be protected, in coordination with the localgovernment units and other concerned groups, from any form ofexploitation or destruction which may be detrimental to the survivalof the threatened species dependent therein. For such purpose, theSecretary may acquire, by purchase, donation or expropriation,lands, or interests therein, including the acquisition of usufruct,establishment of easements or other undertakings appropriate inprotecting the critical habitat”. This provides an alternativemechanism to protect IBAs which were not included in the initialcomponents of NIPAS.

OVERVIEW OF THE INVENTORY

• Of the 117 IBAs in the Philippines, 115 support globallythreatened species, 106 have restricted-range species, 14 qualifyas IBAs because they hold large congregations of waterbirdsand two support congregations of seabirds (note that biome-restricted species were not used in the selection of IBAs in thePhilippines).

• The Philippines’ IBAs cover more than 7% of the total landarea of the country, with the relatively large number of sitesand the paucity of very large IBAs reflecting the fragmentednature of natural habitats in the country.

• Sixty-four IBAs (55%) contain lowland forest, and 36 IBAs(31%) contain montane forest. This apparent imbalance betweenlowland and montane forest sites is somewhat misleading, asthe lowland forests in the Philippines are now much reducedand fragmented and the remaining lowland forests were given ahigh priority during IBA selection and tend to be small. Thetotal area of montane forest included in the Philippine IBAnetwork is actually significantly greater than the total area oflowland forest.

• The forest IBAs were selected to cover all seven Endemic BirdAreas and three Secondary Areas in the Philippines. Outstandingforest IBAs for threatened birds include: Balbalasang-BalbalanNational Park (IBA 3), Mount Cetaceo (IBA 14), NorthernSierra Madre Natural Park (IBA 15) and Central Sierra Madremountains (IBA 16) in the Luzon EBA; Mount Halcon (IBA39) and Siburan (IBA 42) in the Mindoro EBA; St Paul’sSubterranean River National Park (IBA 52) and MountMantalingajan (IBA 54) in the Palawan EBA; Balogo watershed(IBA 59) in the Tablas, Romblon and Sibuyan SA; North-westPanay (Pandan peninsula) (IBA 60), Central Panay Mountains(IBA 61), Mount Canlaon National Park (IBA 63) and Cuernosde Negros (IBA 66) in the Negros and Panay EBA; MountBandila-an (IBA 67) in the Siquijor SA; Tabunan (IBA 68) andNug-As and Mount Lantoy (IBA 71) in the Cebu EBA; MountCabalantian-Mount Capoto-an complex (IBA 73), MountHilong-hilong (IBA 83), Mount Puting Bato-Kampalili-Mayocomplex (IBA 88), Mount Kaluayan-Mount Kinabalian complex(IBA 92), Mount Kitanglad (IBA 94) and Mount Busa-Kiamba(IBA 105) in the Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas EBA; andTawitawi island (IBA 115) in the Sulu archipelago EBA.

• Fourteen IBAs contain wetland ecosystems, including four thatare of outstanding importance for threatened species, Candabaswamp (IBA 7) on Luzon; Calituban and Tahong-tahong Islands(IBA 79) off northern Bohol; and Agusan marsh (IBA 85) andLiguasan marsh (IBA 102) on Mindanao.

• Two groups of small offshore islets and reefs were selected asIBAs because of their importance for nesting seabirds.

CONSERVATION ISSUES

• Although detailed information on the causes and rates ofhabitat loss is not available for many IBAs in the Philippines, itis clear that the main pressure on them is habitat loss due to on-going large-scale land conversions. The available informationindicates this is being caused by permanent/shifting agriculture(84% of IBAs), logging (76%), encroachment of humansettlements in or near the IBAs (45%), mining (19%),developments for roads (19%) or tourism (9%), and draining ofwetlands for agriculture or for fisheries (7%). Other factors havea more direct effect on the fauna or flora, including exploitationfor trade, trophy or meat (57%), collection of minor forestproducts (e.g. rattan) (46%), natural causes (e.g. typhoons) (7%)and forest fires (16%).

• When the 117 IBAs in the Philippines were compared with thelist of protected areas of DENR in 2001, 15 (13%) were alreadyoperating with funding from the European Union (under theNational Integrated Protected Areas Project, or NIPAP) andthe World Bank Global Environment Facility (under theConservation of Priority Protected Areas Project, or CPPAP),58 (49%) were proposed to be included under NIPAS, but 44(38%) had no NIPAS status. NIPAP and CPPAP have now beenconcluded, and only four of the sites which they covered (plus

The Cebu Endemic Bird Area is highly deforested, but the endemicBlack Shama Copsychus cebuensis and Cebu Flowerpecker

Dicaeum quadricolor still survive at Tabunan (IBA 68) and inseveral other small forest patches. (PHOTO: TOM BROOKS)

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Table 1. Important Bird Areas in the Phillipines.

AP = IBA is wholly or partially an Asia-Pacific Waterbird Network site; BR = IBA is wholly or partially a Biosphere Reserve; R = IBA is wholly or partially a Ramsar Site;WH = IBA is wholly or partially a World Heritage Site

1 Batanes Islands Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region II Coordinates 19°20’N 121°27’E Altitude 0–1,085 m Area 20,323 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species1 Egretta eulophotes, Platalea minor, Emberiza sulphurata ■ Endemic Bird Areas s094: Batanes and Babuyan Islands

2 Kalbario-Patapat National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region I Coordinates 18°32’N 120°55’E Altitude 1,294 m (maximum) Area 3,616 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Bubo philippensis, Pitta kochi, Emberiza sulphurata, Erythrura viridifacies ■ EndemicBird Areas 151: Luzon

3 Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) Coordinates 17°27’N 121°06’E Altitude 700–2,456 m Area 17,838 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

4 Mount Pulag National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR); Region II Coordinates 16°38’N 120°54’E Altitude 1,100–2,930 m Area 11,550 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus, Pitta kochi, Rhyacornisbicolor, Rhinomyias insignis, Emberiza sulphurata, Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

5 Zambales mountains Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region I; Region III Coordinates 15°36’N 120°10’E Altitude 990–2,037 m Area 30,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

6 Camp O’Donnel Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region III Coordinates 15°21’N 120°28’E Altitude 100 m Area 1 ha Habitats Wetlands■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

7 Candaba swamp Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4i,iiiAdmin region Region III Coordinates 15°05’N 120°53’E Altitude 11 m Area 32,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Wetlands■ Threatened species Pelecanus philippensis, Anas luzonica, Aythya baeri, Acrocephalus sorghophilus ■ Congregatory waterbirdsCasmerodius albus, Anas luzonica, Anas acuta, Anas querquedula

8 Bataan Natural Park and Subic Bay Forest Reserve Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region III Coordinates 14°41’N 120°25’E Altitude 30–1,253 m Area 48,103 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Coastline; Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Spizaetus philippensis, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus luconensis, Bubo philippensis, Erythruraviridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon ■ Congregatory waterbirds Anas luzonica

9 Mariveles mountains Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region III Coordinates 14°31’N 120°29’E Altitude 1,420 m (maximum) Area 23,688 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus luconensis, Ceyx melanurus, Phylloscopus ijimae,Hypothymis coelestis, Oriolus isabellae ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

10 Manila Bay Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4i,iiiAdmin region NCR; Region III; Region IV Coordinates 14°40’N 120°46’E Altitude Sea-level Area 130,465 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Coastline; Sea■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Anas luzonica, Tringa guttifer, Sterna bernsteini ■ Congregatory waterbirds Egretta garzetta, Ardeacinerea, Ardea purpurea, Casmerodius albus, Bubulcus ibis, Nycticorax caledonicus, Pluvialis fulva, Charadrius dubius, Charadriusalexandrinus, Charadrius mongolus, Tringa stagnatilis, Sterna nilotica, Sterna hirundo, Chlidonias leucopterus

11 Mounts Palay-Palay-Mataas Na Gulod National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 14°15’N 120°40’E Altitude 50–648 m Area 4,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Bubo philippensis, Zoothera cinerea ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

one other site) have reached the final (congressional act) stageof the NIPAS process. It is a priority to complete the NIPASprocess for the 68 sites for which a congressional act is not yetin place, and to include the 44 additional IBAs in the NIPASprocess, or advance their protection under one or more of theother on-going national initiatives for site conservation, notablythe Local Government Code and the Critical Habitats categoryunder the Philippine Wildlife Act.

• Of the 117 IBAs in the Philippines, only 34 (29%) areconsidered to be relatively well known ornithologically, 63(54%) are incompletely known and 20 (17%) are poorlyknown. Surveys are urgently needed in many regions of thecountry, targeted at the most poorly known IBAs. Further workis also required to define precise boundaries for all IBAs, basedupon up-to-date (and ground-truthed) forest cover and land-use data.

SOURCES OF IBA DATA

The information presented here is taken from Mallari et al. (2001),which was compiled by the Haribon Foundation, the BirdLifeInternational Partner in the Philippines.

REFERENCES

ALLEN, D., OLIVEROS, C., ESPAÑOLA, C., BROAD, G. AND GONZALEZ, J. C. T.(2004). A new species of Gallirallus from Calayan island, Philippines.Forktail 20: 1–7.

MALLARI, N. A. D., TABARANZA, B. R. AND CROSBY, M. J. (2001) Keyconservation sites in the Philippines: a Haribon Foundation andBirdLife International directory of Important Bird Areas. Manila:Bookmark, Inc.

FOOTNOTE 1 = A new species, Calayan Rail Gallirallus calayanensis, was described from Calayan island in the Batanes Islands IBA by Allen et al. (2004),who proposed that it may warrant classification as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because of its small known range and population.

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Table 1 ... continued. Important Bird Areas in the Philippines.

Montane forest in Mount Pulag National Park (IBA 4) supports several restricted-range bird speciesfound only in this habitat in the Luzon Endemic Bird Area. (PHOTO: MICHAEL POULSEN/BIRDLIFE)

12 Buguey wetlands Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region II Coordinates 18°17’N 121°50’E Altitude Sea-level Area 14,400 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Wetlands■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Spizaetus philippensis ■ Congregatory waterbirds Casmerodius albus, Mesophoyx intermedia,Ixobrychus eurhythmus, Anas luzonica, Sterna albifrons

13 Mount Cagua Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region II Coordinates 18°14’N 122°10’E Altitude 1,133 m (maximum) Area 5,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Ducula carola, Prioniturus luconensis, Ceyx melanurus, Pitta kochi,Hypothymis coelestis, Oriolus isabellae ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

14 Mount Cetaceo Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region II Coordinates 17°37’N 122°02’E Altitude 700–1,833 m Area 15,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Prioniturus luconensis, Bubo philippensis, Ceyxmelanurus, Pitta kochi, Rhyacornis bicolor, Muscicapa randi, Hypothymis coelestis, Erythrura viridifacies, Oriolus isabellae ■ Endemic BirdAreas 151: Luzon

15 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region II Coordinates 17°07’N 122°17’E Altitude 0–1,672 m Area 287,861 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Desert■ Threatened species Ciconia boyciana, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Prioniturusluconensis, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus, Pitta kochi, Zoothera cinerea, Rhyacornis bicolor, Rhinomyias insignis, Muscicapa randi,Hypothymis coelestis, Erythrura viridifacies, Oriolus isabellae ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

16 Central Sierra Madre mountains Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region II; Region IVa Coordinates 16°25’N 122°10’E Altitude 200–1,613 m Area 40,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Prioniturus luconensis, Zoothera cinerea ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

17 Maria Aurora Memorial Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 15°40’N 121°20’E Altitude 200–1,000 m Area 5,676 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Prioniturus luconensis,Pitta kochi, Rhyacornis bicolor ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

18 Mount Dingalan Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 15°27’N 121°24’E Altitude 0–1,895 m Area 10,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus, Rhyacornis bicolor, Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic BirdAreas 151: Luzon

19 Angat watershed Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region III Coordinates 14°57’N 121°02’E Altitude 490–920 m Area 6,600 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Ptilinopus marchei, Ducula carola, Prioniturus luconensis, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus,Pitta kochi, Zoothera cinerea, Muscicapa randi, Hypothymis coelestis, Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

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Table 1 ... continued. Important Bird Areas in the Phillipines.

20 Mount Irid – Mount Angilo Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region III; Region IV Coordinates 14°51’N 121°22’E Altitude 1,448 m (maximum) Area 50,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

21 Polillo Islands Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 14°49’N 121°54’E Altitude 0–350 m Area 764 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Anas luzonica, Cacatua haematuropygia, Ceyx melanurus ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

22 Mount Makiling Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 14°09’N 121°11’E Altitude 20–1,143 m Area 4,250 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Spizaetus philippensis, Cacatua haematuropygia, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus, Zootheracinerea, Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

23 University of the Philippines Laguna Land Grants (Pakil and Real) Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 14°09’N 121°25’E Altitude 150–400 m Area 3,500 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Spizaetus philippensis, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus, Pitta kochi, Acrocephalus sorghophilus,Muscicapa randi, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

24 Mount Banahaw–San Cristobal National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 14°04’N 121°29’E Altitude 2,177 m (maximum) Area 11,130 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Ptilinopus marchei, Cacatua haematuropygia, Bubo philippensis, Zoothera cinerea ■ EndemicBird Areas 151: Luzon

25 Quezon National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 14°02’N 121°45’E Altitude 300–420 m Area 983 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Spizaetus philippensis, Ducula carola, Prioniturus luconensis, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus,Zoothera cinerea ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

26 Pagbilao and Tayabas Bay Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region IV Coordinates 13°55’N 121°43’E Altitude 0–10 m Area 10,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Coastline■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Ceyx melanurus ■ Congregatory waterbirds Butorides striatus,Nycticorax caledonicus, Anas luzonica

27 Lalaguna marsh Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region IV Coordinates 13°55’N 122°13’E Altitude 4 m Area 500 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Wetlands■ Threatened species Anas luzonica ■ Congregatory waterbirds Anas luzonica

28 Ragay Gulf Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region IVa; Region V Coordinates 13°45’N 122°36’E Altitude Sea-level Area 10,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Coastline■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes ■ Congregatory waterbirds Egretta eulophotes, Casmerodius albus

29 Mount Labo Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa; Region V Coordinates 14°01’N 122°47’E Altitude 1,539 m (maximum) Area 49,700 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ptilinopus marchei, Ceyx melanurus ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

30 Mount Kulasi Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa; Region V Coordinates 13°55’N 123°01’E Altitude 960 m (maximum) Area 5,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ptilinopus marchei, Ceyx melanurus ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

31 Mount Isarog National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region V Coordinates 13°39’N 123°23’E Altitude 150–1,976 m Area 10,112 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Cacatua haematuropygia, Ceyx melanurus, Pitta kochi ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

32 Caramoan peninsula Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region V Coordinates 13°48’N 123°55’E Altitude 0–1,030 m Area 20,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Prioniturus luconensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

33 Catanduanes Watershed Forest Reserve Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region V Coordinates 13°42’N 124°11’E Altitude 0–803 m Area 49,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Cacatua haematuropygia, Bubo philippensis, Ceyx melanurus ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

34 Bacon-Manito Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region V Coordinates 13°02’N 123°59’E Altitude 1,098 m (maximum) Area 5,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Cacatua haematuropygia ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

35 Bulusan Volcano National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region V Coordinates 12°47’N 124°03’E Altitude 500–1,560 m Area 3,673 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Spizaetus philippensis, Ptilinopus marchei, Bubo philippensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

36 Central Marinduque Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 13°25’N 121°57’E Altitude 1,153 m (maximum) Area 10,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus luconensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 151: Luzon

37 Mount Calavite Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 13°29’N 120°24’E Altitude 1,515 m (maximum) Area 5,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gallicolumba platenae, Ducula carola, Penelopides mindorensis, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

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38 Puerto Galera Protected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 13°30’N 120°56’E Altitude 0–1,215 m Area 2,497 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gallicolumba platenae, Ducula mindorensis, Cacatua haematuropygia, Centropus steerii, Penelopides mindorensis,Zoothera cinerea, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

39 Mount Halcon Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 13°15’N 120°59’E Altitude 2,580 m (maximum) Area 60,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gallicolumba platenae, Ducula mindorensis, Ducula carola, Cacatua haematuropygia, Centropus steerii, Penelopidesmindorensis, Zoothera cinerea, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

40 Lake Naujan Partially protected AP,R ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region IV Coordinates 13°10’N 121°11’E Altitude 20 m Area 10,875 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest; Wetlands■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Gallicolumba platenae, Ducula mindorensis, Ducula carola, Cacatua haematuropygia, Centropus steerii,Penelopides mindorensis, Zoothera cinerea, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro ■ Congregatory waterbirds Aythyafuligula

41 Iglit – Baco mountains Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 12°51’N 121°10’E Altitude 2,487 m (maximum) Area 75,445 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest; Grassland■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Gallicolumba platenae, Ducula mindorensis, Centropus steerii, Penelopides mindorensis, Rhyacornisbicolor, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

42 Siburan Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 12°48’N 120°55’E Altitude 50–400 m Area 5,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest; Wetlands■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Gallicolumba platenae, Ducula carola, Centropus steerii, Penelopides mindorensis, Dicaeumretrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

43 Malpalon Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 12°42’N 120°58’E Altitude 894 m (maximum) Area 4,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Centropus steerii, Penelopides mindorensis, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

44 Bogbog, Bongabong and Mount Hitding Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 12°44’N 121°28’E Altitude 100–1,000 m Area 4,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Ducula carola, Centropus steerii, Penelopides mindorensis, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas150: Mindoro

45 Mount Hinunduang Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IV Coordinates 12°35’N 121°17’E Altitude 150–1,300 m Area 20,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ducula mindorensis, Zoothera cinerea, Dicaeum retrocinctum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 150: Mindoro

46 Apo Reef Marine Natural Park Protected ■■■■■ A4iiiAdmin region Region IV Coordinates 12°38’N 120°26’E Altitude Sea-level Area 15,827 ha Habitats Coastline

47 Calauit Island Partially protected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 12°18’N 119°52’E Altitude 0–236 m Area 4,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Ducula pickeringii, Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

48 Busuanga Island Unprotected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 12°05’N 120°05’E Altitude 0–653 m Area 20,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

49 Culion Island Unprotected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 11°50’N 119°55’E Altitude 70–467 m Area 10,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

50 El Nido Protected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 11°10’N 119°23’E Altitude 0–648 m Area 35,284 ha Habitats Forest■ Threatened species Polyplectron emphanum, Anthracoceros marchei ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

51 San Vicente – Taytay – Roxas forests Unprotected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 10°46’N 119°20’E Altitude 701 m (maximum) Area 40,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Polyplectron emphanum, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei ■ Endemic Bird Areas156: Palawan

52 St Paul’s Subterranean River National Park Protected BR,WH ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 10°10’N 118°55’E Altitude 0–1,593 m Area 36,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Polyplectron emphanum, Tringa guttifer, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus platenae,Anthracoceros marchei, Ptilocichla falcata, Ficedula platenae ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

53 Victoria and Anapalan ranges Unprotected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 9°23’N 118°18’E Altitude 50–1,798 m Area 50,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Gorsachius goisagi, Spizaetus philippensis, Polyplectron emphanum, Cacatua haematuropygia,Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei, Ptilocichla falcata, Ficedula platenae ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

54 Mount Mantalingajan Unprotected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 8°48’N 117°40’E Altitude 400–2,086 m Area 50,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Polyplectron emphanum, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei,Ptilocichla falcata, Ficedula platenae ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

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55 Ursula Island Protected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 8°20’N 117°31’E Altitude Sea-level Area 20 ha Habitats Forest■ Threatened species Ducula pickeringii ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

56 Balabac Island Unprotected BR ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 7°57’N 117°01’E Altitude 567 m (maximum) Area 10.000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ducula pickeringii, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus platenae, Anthracoceros marchei ■ Endemic Bird Areas 156: Palawan

57 Tubbataha reef Protected BR,R,WH ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4i,iiAdmin region Region IVa Coordinates 8°50’N 119°55’E Altitude Sea-level Area 33.200 ha Habitats Coastline■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes ■ Congregatory waterbirds Sterna bergii ■ Congregatory seabirds Sula leucogaster

58 Mount Guiting-guiting Natural Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 12°25’N 122°34’E Altitude 0–2.057 m Area 15.700 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Ducula carola, Todiramphus winchelli, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas s095: Tablas,Romblon and Sibuyan

59 Balogo watershed, Tablas Island Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IVa Coordinates 12°24’N 122°02’E Altitude 656 m (maximum) Area 5.000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Cacatua haematuropygia, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Ixos siquijorensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas s095:Tablas, Romblon and Sibuyan

60 North-west Panay peninsula (Pandan) Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VI Coordinates 11°47’N 121°58’E Altitude 200–915 m Area 5,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gallicolumba keayi, Penelopides panini, Aceros waldeni, Coracina ostenta, Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas152: Negros and Panay

61 Central Panay mountains Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VI Coordinates 11°09’N 122°14’E Altitude 2,110 m (maximum) Area 46,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Anas luzonica, Gallicolumba keayi, Penelopides panini, Aceros waldeni, Coracina ostenta,Dasycrotapha speciosa, Rhinomyias albigularis, Dicaeum haematostictum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 152: Negros and Panay

62 Mount Silay and Mount Mandalagan Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VI Coordinates 10°38’N 123°13’E Altitude 400–1,885 m Area 16,687 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Penelopides panini, Coracina ostenta, Dasycrotapha speciosa, Rhinomyias albigularis, Dicaeum haematostictum,Erythrura viridifacies ■ Endemic Bird Areas 152: Negros and Panay

63 Mount Canlaon National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VI Coordinates 10°25’N 123°08’E Altitude 306–2,465 m Area 24,557 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gallicolumba keayi, Ptilinopus arcanus, Ducula carola, Cacatua haematuropygia, Todiramphus winchelli, Penelopidespanini, Aceros waldeni, Coracina ostenta, Stachyris nigrorum, Dasycrotapha speciosa, Rhinomyias albigularis, Dicaeum haematostictum■ Endemic Bird Areas 152: Negros and Panay

64 Ban-ban Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 9°54’N 123°02’E Altitude 600–900 m Area 10,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Coracina ostenta, Dasycrotapha speciosa, Rhinomyias albigularis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 152: Negros and Panay

65 Hinoba-an Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VI Coordinates 9°38’N 122°32’E Altitude Unknown Area 5,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Penelopides panini, Aceros waldeni, Coracina ostenta ■ Endemic Bird Areas 152: Negros and Panay

66 Cuernos de Negros Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 9°16’N 123°08’E Altitude 300–1,864 m Area 30,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Anas luzonica, Gallicolumba keayi, Ducula carola, Cacatua haematuropygia, Todiramphuswinchelli, Penelopides panini, Aceros waldeni, Coracina ostenta, Stachyris nigrorum, Dasycrotapha speciosa, Acrocephalus sorghophilus,Rhinomyias albigularis, Muscicapa randi, Hypothymis coelestis, Dicaeum haematostictum ■ Endemic Bird Areas 152: Negros and Panay

67 Mount Bandila-an Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 9°11’N 123°35’E Altitude 608 m Area 244 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Spizaetus philippensis, Ducula carola, Cacatua haematuropygia, Todiramphus winchelli, Ixossiquijorensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas s096: Siquijor

68 Tabunan Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 10°22’N 123°46’E Altitude 400–900 m Area 420 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Cacatua haematuropygia, Todiramphus winchelli, Ixos siquijorensis, Copsychus cebuensis, Dicaeum quadricolor■ Endemic Bird Areas 153: Cebu

69 Olango Island Partially protected AP,R ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4i,iiiAdmin region Region VII Coordinates 10°16’N 124°03’E Altitude Sea-level Area 5,800 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Coastline■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Anas luzonica ■ Congregatory waterbirds Egretta eulophotes, Casmerodius albus, Anas luzonica,Numenius arquata, Numenius madagascariensis

70 Mactan, Kalawisan and Cansaga Bays Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region VII Coordinates 10°20’N 123°58’E Altitude Sea-level Area 18,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Coastline■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes ■ Congregatory waterbirds Pluvialis fulva, Charadrius mongolus, Tringa totanus, Tringa nebularia,Heteroscelus brevipes

71 Nug-as and Mount Lantoy Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 9°54’N 123°33’E Altitude 100–800 m Area 882 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Todiramphus winchelli, Copsychus cebuensis, Dicaeum quadricolor ■ Endemic Bird Areas 153: Cebu

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Olango Island (IBA 69) is an important staging area for migratory shorebirds in the central Philippines. (PHOTO: SIMBA CHAN)

72 Mount Kangbulagsing and Mount Lanaya Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 9°42’N 123°21’E Altitude 20–600 m Area 842 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Copsychus cebuensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 153: Cebu

73 Mount Cabalantian–Mount Capoto-an complex Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 12°09’N 124°57’E Altitude 850 m (maximum) Area 60,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Cacatua haematuropygia, Bubophilippensis, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Eurylaimus samarensis, Pitta steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Muscicaparandi, Ficedula basilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

74 Mount Yacgun–Mount Sohoton complex Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 11°38’N 125°17’E Altitude 681 m (maximum) Area 138,840 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Cacatua haematuropygia, Alcedoargentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Eurylaimus samarensis, Pitta steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Ficedula basilanica ■ EndemicBird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

75 Southern Samar mountains Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 11°22’N 125°20’E Altitude 731 m (maximum) Area 60,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

76 Biliran and Maripipi Islands Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 11°35’N 124°30’E Altitude 500–1,320 m Area 10,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Todiramphus winchelli ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

77 Anonang-Lobi range Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 11°02’N 124°48’E Altitude 800–1,346 m Area 107,625 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Cacatua haematuropygia, Bubo philippensis,Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Eurylaimus samarensis, Pitta steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Ficedula basilanica■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

78 Mount Nacolod Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 10°27’N 125°05’E Altitude 850–1,007 m Area 15,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Gallicolumba crinigera, Bubo philippensis, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Eurylaimussamarensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

79 Calituban and Tahong-tahong Islands Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region VII Coordinates 10°15’N 124°15’E Altitude Sea-level Area 12 ha Habitats Coastline■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes ■ Congregatory waterbirds Egretta eulophotes

80 Rajah Sikatuna National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VII Coordinates 9°44’N 124°13’E Altitude 200–800 m Area 9,023 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Cacatua haematuropygia, Bubo philippensis, Alcedoargentata, Todiramphus winchelli, Eurylaimus samarensis, Pitta steerii, Acrocephalus sorghophilus ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao andthe Eastern Visayas

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81 Mount Kambinlio and Mount Redondo Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XIII Coordinates 10°12’N 125°35’E Altitude 0–936 m Area 10,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Cacatua haematuropygia, Mimizuku gurneyi, Alcedo argentata,Eurylaimus steerii, Ficedula basilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

82 Siargao Island Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X Coordinates 9°53’N 126°02’E Altitude 0–290 m Area 67,726 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Cacatua haematuropygia, Mimizuku gurneyi, Alcedo argentata, Eurylaimus steerii ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanaoand the Eastern Visayas

83 Mount Hilong-hilong Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XIII Coordinates 9°06’N 125°43’E Altitude 200–1,837 m Area 16,225 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Gallicolumba crinigera, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Cacatua haematuropygia,Mimizuku gurneyi, Bubo philippensis, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Pitta steerii, Chloropsisflavipennis, Ficedula basilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

84 Mount Diwata range Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X; Region XI Coordinates 8°45’N 126°03’E Altitude 0–1,261 m Area 10,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Gallicolumba crinigera, Mimizuku gurneyi, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoideshombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

85 Agusan marsh Protected R ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2 ■■■■■ A4iAdmin region Region XIII Coordinates 8°09’N 125°57’E Altitude 40–50 m Area 19,197 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest; Wetlands■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Spizaetus philippensis, Grus antigone, Ducula carola, Alcedo argentata, Todiramphus winchelli, Hypothymiscoelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas ■ Congregatory waterbirds Ardea purpurea, Anas luzonica

86 Bislig Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X; Region XI Coordinates 8°13’N 126°19’E Altitude 0–203 m Area 20,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Duculacarola, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Pitta steerii, Chloropsisflavipennis, Ficedula basilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

87 Mount Agtuuganon and Mount Pasian Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI Coordinates 7°48’N 126°12’E Altitude 450–1,652 m Area 20,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Ducula carola, Mimizuku gurneyi, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoides hombroni,Ficedula basilanica ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

88 Mount Puting Bato–Kampalili–Mayo complex Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI Coordinates 7°18’N 126°17’E Altitude 2,613 m (maximum) Area 50,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Ducula carola, Cacatuahaematuropygia, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Ficedula basilanica,Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

89 Tumadgo peak Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI Coordinates 10°15’N 124°15’E Altitude 0–1,641 m Area 20,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pelecanus philippensis, Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera,Cacatua haematuropygia, Mimizuku gurneyi, Bubo philippensis, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Actenoideshombroni ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

90 Camiguin Island Partially protected ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region VIII Coordinates 9°11’N 124°42’E Altitude 0–1,595 m Area 29,187 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

91 Mount Balatukan Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X Coordinates 8°44’N 125°04’E Altitude 2,442 m (maximum) Area 11,683 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Ducula carola, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoides hombroni, Pitta steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

92 Mount Kaluayan – Mount Kinabalian complex Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X Coordinates 8°30’N 125°12’E Altitude 2,552 m (maximum) Area 80,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Spizaetus philippensis, Bubo philippensis, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoides hombroni, Pitta steerii,Chloropsis flavipennis, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

93 Mount Tago range Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X Coordinates 8°20’N 125°05’E Altitude 2,112 m (maximum) Area 29,062 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

94 Mount Kitanglad Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X Coordinates 8°06’N 124°54’E Altitude 700–2,938 m Area 31,297 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Ducula carola, Mimizukugurneyi, Bubo philippensis, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and theEastern Visayas

95 Kalatungan mountains Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region X Coordinates 7°54’N 124°50’E Altitude 1,064–2,824 m Area 21,301 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

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96 Munai / Tambo Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XII Coordinates 7°59’N 124°02’E Altitude 1,582 m (maximum) Area 10,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Gallicolumba crinigera, Ceyx melanurus, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Pitta steerii■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

97 Lake Lanao Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2 ■■■■■ A4iiiAdmin region Region XII Coordinates 7°53’N 124°15’E Altitude 710 m Area 34,700 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest; Wetlands■ Threatened species Pelecanus philippensis, Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Ducula carola, Cacatua haematuropygia, Mimizukugurneyi ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

98 Mount Piagayungan Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XII Coordinates 7°41’N 124°34’E Altitude 2,806 m (maximum) Area 30,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Alcedo argentata, Actenoides hombroni ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

99 Butig mountains Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XII Coordinates 7°39’N 124°20’E Altitude 2,320 m (maximum) Area 30,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

100 Mount Sinaka Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XII Coordinates 7°30’N 125°16’E Altitude 1,100–1,448 m Area 3,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Chloropsis flavipennis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154:Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

101 Mount Apo Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI; Region XII Coordinates 6°59’N 125°16’E Altitude 500–2,954 m Area 72,113 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Anas luzonica, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Ducula carola, Cacatuahaematuropygia, Mimizuku gurneyi, Bubo philippensis, Alcedo argentata, Todiramphus winchelli, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii,Pitta steerii ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

102 Liguasan marsh Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2 ■■■■■ A4iiiAdmin region Region XII Coordinates 6°55’N 124°35’E Altitude 10–30 m Area 280,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest; Wetlands■ Threatened species Pelecanus philippensis, Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Alcedo argentata ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanaoand the Eastern Visayas

103 Mount Daguma Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XII Coordinates 6°37’N 124°28’E Altitude 200–1,898 m Area 20,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

104 Mount Matutum Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI Coordinates 6°22’N 125°05’E Altitude 1,290–2,293 m Area 14,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Ducula carola,Mimizuku gurneyi, Todiramphus winchelli, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Hypothymis coelestis ■ EndemicBird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

105 Mount Busa-Kiamba Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI Coordinates 6°14’N 124°42’E Altitude 700–2,083 m Area 50,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Ducula carola, Mimizukugurneyi, Actenoides hombroni, Chloropsis flavipennis, Ficedula basilanica ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

106 Mount Latian complex Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XI Coordinates 6°09’N 125°33’E Altitude 490–1,853 m Area 50,000 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Mimizuku gurneyi, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Eurylaimus steerii, Pittasteerii ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

107 Mount Malindang Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX; Region X Coordinates 8°13’N 123°38’E Altitude 762–2,425 m Area 53,262 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Duculacarola, Todiramphus winchelli, Actenoides hombroni, Ficedula basilanica ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

108 Mount Dapiak–Mount Paraya Partially protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 8°19’N 123°23’E Altitude 1,186 m (maximum) Area 10,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Ducula carola, Mimizuku gurneyi, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli,Eurylaimus steerii, Pitta steerii, Ficedula basilanica ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

109 Mount Sugarloaf Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 7°58’N 123°13’E Altitude 1,527 m (maximum) Area 22,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Alcedo argentata, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Ficedulabasilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

110 Mount Timolan Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region XII Coordinates 7°48’N 123°15’E Altitude 1,300 m (maximum) Area 2,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi, Cacatua haematuropygia ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

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111 Lituban–Quipit watersheds Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 7°50’N 122°20’E Altitude 1,047 m (maximum) Area 40,000 haHabitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Pithecophaga jefferyi ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

112 Pasonanca watershed Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 6°53’N 122°04’E Altitude 200–1,100 m Area 11,935 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Gorsachius goisagi, Pithecophaga jefferyi, Gallicolumba crinigera, Ducula carola, Cacatuahaematuropygia, Mimizuku gurneyi, Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Actenoides hombroni, Eurylaimus steerii, Pittasteerii, Chloropsis flavipennis, Ficedula basilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

113 Basilan Natural Biotic Area Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 6°35’N 122°03’E Altitude 968 m (maximum) Area 4,363 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Spizaetus philippensis, Gallicolumba crinigera, Phapitreron brunneiceps, Cacatua haematuropygia,Alcedo argentata, Ceyx melanurus, Todiramphus winchelli, Eurylaimus steerii, Ficedula basilanica, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic BirdAreas 154: Mindanao and the Eastern Visayas

114 Mount Dajo National Park Protected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 5°58’N 121°06’E Altitude 790 m (maximum) Area 213 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Ducula pickeringii, Cacatua haematuropygia, Todiramphus winchelli, Anthracoceros montani, Dendrocopos ramsayi■ Endemic Bird Areas 155: Sulu archipelago

115 Tawi-tawi Island Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 5°15’N 120°07’E Altitude 0–558 m Area 17,700 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Gallicolumba menagei, Phapitreron cinereiceps, Ducula pickeringii, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus verticalis,Todiramphus winchelli, Anthracoceros montani, Dendrocopos ramsayi, Hypothymis coelestis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 155: Sulu archipelago

116 Simunul and Manuk Manka Islands Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 4°53’N 119°49’E Altitude 0–14 m Area 4,400 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus verticalis ■ Endemic Bird Areas 155: Sulu archipelago

117 Sibutu and Tumindao Islands Unprotected ■■■■■ A1 ■■■■■ A2Admin region Region IX Coordinates 4°46’N 119°29’E Altitude 0–131 m Area 9,300 ha Habitats Artificial landscapes (terrestrial); Forest■ Threatened species Egretta eulophotes, Ducula pickeringii, Cacatua haematuropygia, Prioniturus verticalis, Dendrocopos ramsayi ■ EndemicBird Areas 155: Sulu archipelago

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LAND AREA 300,000 km 2 HUMAN POPULATION 75,040,000 …datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/IBAs/AsiaCntryPDFs/Philippines.pdf213 Important Bird Areas in Asia – Philippines PHILIPPINES