Lab Equipment and Safety Procedures

Yes, you should take notes!

Beaker Used to measure approximate liquid volumes Beakers are the most versatile glassware in

the lab and can be used for just about anything. The volume graduations on beakers should be used only for "ballpark" estimates.

A cylinder container used to hold liquids

Clamp Used to close hoses by pinching them

together Used during filtrations Clamps rubber tubing to stop the flow of

liquid

Wire Gauze Used as a support for beakers when placed

across a support ring Allows for more even and gradual heating

of glassware

Test Tube

Measures small amounts of liquids Come in different lengths and widths to

serve various needs. They are typically used by chemists to hold different materials, usually liquids, during chemical experiments

Test Tube Holder

Used to hold test tubes for short periods of "gentle" heating

Use a test tubeholder to grasphot test tubes

Tongs

These tongs are used for picking up crucibles and crucible covers

Used to carry an evaporating dish May also be

used to hold a piece of Mg when igniting it

Bunsen Burner Before lighting, check to be sure barrel is turned

so no oxygen is getting to flame Rubber tubing attaches to gas valve Adjust flame height after lit Gas valve perpendicular=OFF Gas valve parallel=ON Tie back hair and loose clothing TURN OFF WHEN NOT BEING USED Used for heating, sterilization, and combustion

Striker/Sparker Used to light a bunsen burner Not a toy noisemaker or “sparkler” during

lab

Hot Plate Plug into electrical outlet TURN OFF AND UNPLUG WHEN NOT IN

USE Increase hotplate temperature slowly so

glass does not burst Used to heat liquids in glass beakers,

Erlenmeyer flasks, and metal pans

Ring Stand The base supporting the iron ring

Test Tube Rack Device to hold test tubes in place while you

can't hold them Divots for holding test tubes in upright

position Pegs for drying of test tubes in upside down

position

Beaker Tongs Large, curved tongs Special tongs used for handling hot

glassware Know

the properway touse beakertongs

Stirring Rod Glass – used for stirring in beakers and

flasks Used to aide in dissolving a solute in a

solvent, mixing Be sure to wash before using to mix

different mixtures – you could cause contamination

Wash Bottle Used for rinsing solids out of a container

when filtering Filled with distilled water Plastic, with plastic straw Squeeze gently to rinse

glassware

Evaporating Dish This dish is used to recover dissolved

solids by evaporation. While it can be heated, it should not be used for "strong" heating.

Heat gently to avoid spattering

Dropper Can be glass with rubber bulb on end or plastic

(disposable) Squeeze air out of bulb Place end in liquid and release rubber bulb to fill

dropper with liquid To dispense, squeeze bulb gently RINSE THOROUGHLY BETWEEN THE

TRANSFER OF DIFFERING CHEMICALS TO ELIMINATE CONTAMINATION

Funnel When lined with filter paper, used to filter

suspended solids from a liquid. Used for filtration Filter paper- fold in half, fold in half again, open

b/w 1 and 3, place in filter Slightly dampen filter with solvent to hold in place tube with a conical opening that is used to pour

liquid through a smaller opening

Filtration Setup

Scoopula (Yes, this is a real scientific term!)

Used to transfer solids from their original container to a scale for weighing

A utensil used primarily in chemistry labs to transfer solids: to a weigh paper for weighing, to a cover slip to measure melting point, or to a watch glass from a flask or beaker through scraping

Iron Ring When attached to the ring stand, this iron

ring is used to support glassware above the lab table

Supports beakers on the ring stand so that they may be heated

Erlenmeyer Flask Is a widely used type of laboratory

flask which has a conical base with a cylindrical neck

It is used to contain reaction solutions. Used in filtrations and distillations

Rubber Stopper Holds thermometer in place while

measuring temperature Used to seal glassware to prevent

contaminants from entering

Graduated Cylinder Water is polar, glass is polar. The water “sticks” to the

glass and causes the liquid being measured to look like a ‘u’ (meniscus)

Read from bottom of MENISCUS A tall glass cylinder with a range of calibrated markings

that is used for visually MEASURING THE VOLUMES OF LIQUIDS

PLASTIC COLLAR USED TO READ MEASUREMENT OF LIQUID

Used to make accurate measurements of liquid volumes. The bumper ring on larger cylinders is to prevent breakage if tipped over. Keep it near the top.

Well Plate Plastic, several wells Used for microchemistry Use droppers to transfer liquids

Timer Keep track of how long it takes a reaction to

take place Measure in seconds

Thermometer Measures temperature, glass tube with

alcohol or mercury CBL, electrical temperature gauge. Place

gauge in liquid and get a digital readout. CBL will not break as easily

Hot Glove Move hot items Big, orange

Safety Glasses Must be on at ALL times during a lab - not

just when your teacher patiently reminds you

Found in drawers at lab stations

    

Triple Beam Balance Measures mass – amount of matter in an object Matter – takes up space Be sure all weights are pushed completely to the left Start with highest weight and work your way down You want the beam to balance in the middle of the arm Weighing paper – zero with paper on plate, measure

from there (begin with too little, easier to add more)

Watch Glass A circular, slightly concave piece of glass

used in chemistry as a surface to evaporate a liquid, or as a cover for a beaker

Cleaning Brushes Used to clean glassware Do NOT poke the wire brush into bottom of

glassware – it will break

Ceramic Triangle Place on iron ring to hold funnel Used for heating or cooling evaporating

dish Used to hold a crucible while the crucible is

heated

Proper Setup for the Heating of a Crucible

A Few extra reminders… Kill jar – labeled container for disposing of

chemicals that cannot be rinsed down the sink If you have extra reagent, do NOT return to

container. This will cause CONTAMINATION of the entire container. Dispose of it properly.

If glassware is broken at your lab station, please CALL YOUR TEACHER. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CLEAN IT UP YOURSELF!

Safety ProceduresPlease COPY and KNOW these!!

1. Wear safety glasses at all times in the laboratory.

2. Wear sensible clothing.

3. Do not perform any unauthorized experiments.

4. Know exactly what you are supposed to be doing in a laboratory experiment.

5. Do not eat or drink in the laboratory.

6. Keep the laboratory clean at all times.

7. Dispose of waste and excess materials in the proper manner.

8. Light bunsen burners only when needed.

9. Avoid touching hot objects.

10.Report all accidents to your instructor promptly!