Lab 13 ResultsLab 13 Results

Reactions of AqueousReactions of Aqueous

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds

NH4OH

Pb(NO3)2

FeCl3

Na2CO3

HCl Na3PO4 KI

White

ppt.FaintWhit

eppt.

White

ppt.

NVR

NVR

bbls.

NVR

Orange

ppt.

NVR

NVR

Amber

NVP

NVR

Analysis and ConclusionsAnalysis and Conclusions

• Question 1: Question 1: – Identify all reactions that produced Identify all reactions that produced

a precipitate with:a precipitate with:

Lead (II) nitrateLead (II) nitrate

Pb(NOPb(NO33))2 (aq)2 (aq)

NH4OH

Pb(NO3)2

FeCl3

Na2CO3

HCl Na3PO4 KI

White

ppt.

NH4OH(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Pb2+ NO3

-1

NH4+1

OH-1

Pb2+

NO3-1

+

What Reacts?

-2NO3

-1

NH4OH(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Pb2+ NO3

-1

NH4+1

OH-1

Pb2+

NO3-1

+

Willthe two cationsreact?

No!Bothhave(+)

charges

repel

NH4OH(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Pb2+ NO3

-1

NH4+1

OH-1

Pb2+

NO3-1

+

Willthe two anionsreact?

No!Bothhave(-)

chargesrepel

NH4OH(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Pb2+ NO3

-1

+

Opposites Attract(+) (-)

NH4+1 NO3

-1

Pb2+ OH-1

NH4NO3(aq)

Pb(OH)2(s)(White ppt.)

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)

Turns cloudy white

OH-1

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

NH4+1

Pb2+

NO3-1

OH-1

NH4OH(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) NH4NO3(aq) + Pb(OH)2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

22

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

FeCl3(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

Fe+3 Cl-1 Pb2+ NO3-1

+

(+) (-)

Fe3+ NO3-1

Pb2+ Cl-1

Fe(NO3)3(aq)

PbCl2(s)Faint White

ppt.Insoluble

(Falls out of solution)

Cl-1

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Fe3+

Pb2+

NO3-1

Cl-1

3

FeCl3(aq)

NO3-1

NO3-1

NO3-1

is alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

FeCl3 (aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) Fe(NO3)3 (aq) + PbCl2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

22

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

33

Na2CO3(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

Na+ CO32- Pb2+ NO3

-1

+

(+) (-)

Na+ NO3-1

Pb2+ CO32-

NaNO3(aq)

PbCO3(s)White ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Na+

Pb2+

NO3-1

CO32-

2

Na2CO3(aq)

Na+ & NO3-1

are alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

Na2CO3 (aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) NaNO3 (aq) + PbCO3(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

2

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

CaCl2(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

Ca2+ Cl-1 Pb2+ NO3-1

+

(+) (-)

Ca2+ NO3-1

Pb2+ Cl-1

Ca(NO3)2(aq)

PbCl2(s)Faint White

ppt.Insoluble

(Falls out of solution)

Cl-1

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Ca2+

Pb2+

NO3-1

Cl-1

2

CaCl2(aq)

NO3-1

NO3-1

is alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

CaCl2 (aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + PbCl2(s)

Chemical Equation is balanced as written.

NaOH(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

Na+ OH- Pb2+ NO3-1

+

(+) (-)

Na+ NO3-1

Pb2+ OH-

NaNO3(aq)

Pb(OH)2(s)White ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)OH-

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Na+

Pb2+

NO3-1

OH-

Na+ & NO3-1

are alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

NaOH(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) NaNO3(aq) + Pb(OH)2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

22

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

H2SO4(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

H+ SO42- Pb2+ NO3

-1

+

(+) (-)

H+ NO3-1

Pb2+ SO42-

HNO3(aq)

PbSO4(s)White ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

H+

Pb2+

NO3-1

SO42-

2

H2SO4(aq)

NO3-1

is alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

H2SO4 (aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) HNO3 (aq) + PbSO4(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

2

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

CuSO4(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

Cu2+ SO42- Pb2+ NO3

-1

+

(+) (-)

Cu2+ NO3-1

Pb2+ SO42-

Cu(NO3)2 (aq)

PbSO4(s)White ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Cu2+

Pb2+

NO3-1

SO42-

NO3-1

is alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

NO3-1

CuSO4(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) Cu(NO3)2(aq) + PbSO4(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.Chemical Equation balanced as written

KI(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

K+ I- Pb2+ NO3-1

+

(+) (-)

K+ NO3-1

Pb2+ I-

KNO3(aq)

PbI2(s)BrightYellow ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)I-

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

K+

Pb2+

NO3-1

I-

K+ & NO3-1

are alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) KNO3(aq) + PbI2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

22

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

Na3PO4(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

Na+ PO43- Pb2+ NO3

-1

+

(+) (-)

Na+ NO3-1

Pb2+PO43-

NaNO3(aq)

Pb3(PO4)2 (s)White ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Na+

Pb2+

NO3-1

PO43-

3

Na3PO4(aq)

Na+ & NO3-1

are alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

Pb2+

Pb2+PO4

3-

Na3PO4(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) NaNO3(aq) + Pb3(PO4)2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

62

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

3

HCl(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

H+ Cl- Pb2+ NO3-1

+

(+) (-)

H+ NO3-1

Pb2+ Cl-

HNO3(aq)

PbCl2(s)Faintwhite ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)Cl-

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

H+

Pb2+

NO3-1

Cl-

NO3-1

is alwayssoluble

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

HCl(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) HNO3(aq) + PbCl2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

22

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

Analysis and ConclusionsAnalysis and Conclusions

• Question 2: Question 2: – Identify all reactions that produced Identify all reactions that produced

a precipitate with the ammonia a precipitate with the ammonia solution:solution:

Ammonium hydroxideAmmonium hydroxide

NHNH44OHOH (aq) (aq)

NH4OH(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Pb2+ NO3

-1

+

(+) (-)

NH4+1 NO3

-1

Pb2+ OH-1

NH4NO3(aq)

Pb(OH)2(s) White ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)OH-1

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

NH4+1

Pb2+

NO3-1

OH-1

Pb(NO3)2(aq)

2

NH4+1 & NO3

-1

are alwayssoluble

NH4OH(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) NH4NO3(aq) + Pb(OH)2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

22

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

NH4OH(aq) CuSO4(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Cu2+ SO4

2-

+

(+) (-)

NH4+1 SO4

2-

Cu2+ OH-1

(NH4)2SO4(aq)

Cu(OH)2(s)LightBlue ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)OH-1

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

NH4+1

Cu2+

SO42-

OH-1

NH4+1

is alwayssolubleNH4

+1

NH4OH(aq) + CuSO4(aq) (NH4)2SO4(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

2

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

NH4OH(aq) AgNO3(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Ag+ NO3

-1

+

(+) (-)

NH4+1 NO3

-1

Ag+ OH-1

NH4NO3(aq)

AgOH(s)Tan ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

NH4+1

Ag+

NO3-1

OH-1

NH4+1 & NO3

-1

are alwayssoluble

NH4OH(aq) + AgNO3(aq) NH4NO3(aq) + AgOH(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.Chemical Equation is now balanced.

NH4OH(aq) FeCl3(aq)

NH4+1 OH-1 Fe3+ Cl-

+

(+) (-)

NH4+1Cl-

Fe3+ OH-

NH4Cl(aq)

Fe(OH)3(s) FaintOrange

ppt.

Insoluble(Falls out of

solution)OH-

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

NH4+1

Fe3+

Cl-

OH-1

FeCl3(aq)

3

NH4+1

is alwayssoluble

OH-

NH4OH(aq) + FeCl3(aq) NH4Cl(aq) + Fe(OH)3(s)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

33

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

Analysis and ConclusionsAnalysis and Conclusions• Question 3: Question 3:

– Identify all chemical reactions that Identify all chemical reactions that produced bubbles:produced bubbles:

CuSO4

KINa3PO4HClPb(NO3)

2

H2SO

4

NaOH

AgNO3

CaCl2 HNO3

Na2CO3(aq) HCl(aq)

Na+ CO32- H+ Cl-

+

(+) (-)

Na+Cl-

H+ CO32-

NaCl(aq)

H2O(l) Bubbles

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Na+

H+

Cl-

CO32-

2

Na2CO3(aq)

Na+

is alwayssoluble

CO2O2-H+ BubblesCO2

Na2CO3(aq) + HCl(aq) CO2(g) + H2O(l) + NaCl (aq)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

2 2

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

H2O(l)

CO2 O2- H+CO2Na+ Cl-

NaCl

Na2CO3(aq) H2SO4(aq)

Na+ CO32- H+ SO4

2-

+

(+) (-)

Na+ SO42-

H+ CO32-

Na2SO4 (aq)

H2O(l) Bubbles

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Na+

H+

SO42-

CO32-

2

Na2CO3(aq)

Na+

is alwayssoluble

CO2O2-H+

H2SO4(aq)

2

Na+

BubblesCO2

Na2CO3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) CO2(g) + H2O(l) + Na2SO4(aq)

Chemical Equation is balanced as written.

H2O(l)

CO2 O2- H+CO2Na+ SO42-

Na2SO4

Na2CO3(aq) HNO3 (aq)

Na+ CO32- H+ NO3

-

+

(+) (-)

Na+ NO3-

H+ CO32-

NaNO3 (aq)

H2O(l) Bubbles

Soluble(stays dissolved

in H2O)

Cations Anions

Na+

H+

NO3-

CO32-

2

Na2CO3(aq)

Na+

is alwayssoluble

CO2O2-H+ BubblesCO2

Na2CO3(aq) + HNO3(aq) CO2(g) + H2O(l) + NaNO3(aq)

Chemical Equation needs to be balanced.

2 2

Chemical Equation is now balanced.

H2O(l)

CO2 O2- H+CO2Na+ NO31-

NaNO3

Analysis and ConclusionsAnalysis and Conclusions

• Question 4: Question 4: – What do all the chemical reactions What do all the chemical reactions

that produced bubbles have in that produced bubbles have in common?common?

•Bubbles happened whenever an ACID was reacted with sodium carbonate, Na2CO3

Analysis and ConclusionsAnalysis and Conclusions

• Question 5: Question 5: – What reactions gave a color change What reactions gave a color change

but no precipitate?but no precipitate?

NH4OH

PbNO3

FeCl3

Na2CO3

HCl Na3PO4 KI

Amber

NVP

FeCl3

KI

Amber

NVP

The reaction between KI and FeCl3 probably made a complex ion.

Fe3+ + I- FeI2+(aq)

(Still dissolved)

Analysis and ConclusionsAnalysis and Conclusions

• Question 6: Question 6: – Which mixings could you have Which mixings could you have

predicted in advance would not predicted in advance would not result in a reaction?result in a reaction?

Any reaction that had common ions.

NH4OH

PbNO3

FeCl3

Na2CO3

HCl Na3PO4 KI

BothhaveNa+

Bothhave

Cl-