la temporalidad de la redención como principio teológico político

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Javier Toscano

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Revista de FilosofíaJ!+I*KKJL>*MN*O>*PQOR

pp. 53-76

Javier Toscano

SR

Revista de Filosofía, A!+I*KKJL>*MN*O>*PQOR*T*LUUM*OQOV4WOXK

Presentación

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Rosenzweig: la temporalidad de la redención como principio teológico-político

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se diferencia radicalmente por su contenido. Y por tanto, cuando la divinidad

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59


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!*.#$!"*2!.!*9$*C/,(,$!*#$*2,.'$!*1#*1#A#$'0*20'"-',$!Fp. Por su parte,

el individuo formado en la fe judía solo puede configurarse como tal en una

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7 Para este desarrollo cfI*k!01!$>*6I>*Rosenzweig and Heidegger: Between Judaism and

German Philosophy>*b#0G#+#7*n*g!"*Y$(#+#")*lÈ>*PQQX>*//I*OXp4ORXI*p* '2q90>*EI>*Cg,*r='(90#s*1,$"*gs6-!'+#*1#*+,* ?1#./-'!$*1#*[0,$%* !"#$%&#'(F*cOWppf>*#$)*Lectures 3, Aux frontiers de la philosophie>*E,05")*U#9'+>*OWWR>*/I*VRI9 Cf.* !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*Der Stern der Erlösung>* ,==#+->*YI*c#1If>*[0'<90(!)*l$'A#0"'-t-"<'<+'!--8#G>*PQQP>*/I*RROI*10

Cf. ]#09"8,+.'>*]ImI>o.c., p. 93.

Javier Toscano

60


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11* !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*La estrella de la redención, p.377. 12*6"*/!0*#++!*-,.<'?$*;9#*#$*#+*"#$!*1#+*@91,5".!*"#*2!.<,-'3*.928,"*A#2#"*#+*.#"',$'".!*,2-'A'"-,*;9#*<9"2,<,*9$,*0#1#$2'3$*C#$*#+*290"!*.'".!*1#*+,*8'"-!0',FI*]*#"*-,.<'?$*#"-,*+,*0,%3$*/!0*+,*;9#*+,*2!00'#$-#*"'!$'"-,*1#*/0'$2'/'!"*1#+*"'(+!*KK>*,"5*2!.!*#+*#"-,<+#2'.'#$-!*1#+*6"-,1!*1#*L"0,#+>*2!./!0-,$*A#01,1#0!"*0#-!"*#*'$-#00!(,$-#"*#$*#+*$'A#+*-#!+3('2!*1#*#"-,*=#I*c`=I*]#09"8,+.'*]ImI>*o.c.>*/I*PRfI*13* !"#$%&#'(*"#*#Z/,$1#*#$*#+*-#.,*1#+*$,2'!$,+'".!*2!.!*2!$-'$9,2'3$*1#*+,*20'"-',$'-%,2'3$*#$*9$*.!.#$-!*'./!0-,$-#*1#*"9"*'$-#02,.<'!"*#/'"-!+,0#"I*6$*9$,*2,0-,*#"20'<#)*C6+*"#$-'1!*1#+*$,2'!$,+'".!*#"*;9#*+!"*/9#<+!"*$!*"#*2!$-#$-,$*.:"*1#*20##0*;9#*"!$*1#*9$*!0'(#$*1'A'$!*c20##$2',*;9#*-#$5,$*7,*+!"*/9#<+!"*/,(,$!"f>*"'$!*-,.<'?$*;9#*#"-:$*#$*.,028,*8,2',*^'!"I*`!.!*#"-,*20##$2',*#"*+,*<,"#*1#*-!1!"*+!"*#"-,1!"*.!1#0$!">*#"*'$#A'--,<+#*;9#*,*OepW*+#*"'(,*OWOR4OWOeB*7*.928!"*!-0!"*r1#u*8,"-,s*$!*=,+-,0:$*,;95F*c !"#$-

%&#'(>*[I>C^#0*d#$"28*9$1*"#'$*a#0GF>*Briefe und Tagebücher, vol. L>* !"#$%&#'(>*[I*7*6I* !"#$%&#'(4U28#'$.,$$*c#1"If>*g,*m,7,)*d,0-'$9"*M'@8!==>*OWeW>*/IPpOB*#$*,1#+,$-#>*dafI


61


"#$-'1!*#"-0'2-!I*E,0,*#",*=#>*+,*0#1#$2'3$*7,*-9A!*+9(,0*2!$*+,*,/,0'2'3$*1#*

`0'"-!*#$*+,*D'#00,*\#+*0#1#$-!0\*,+*.#$!"*#$*#+*.!.#$-!*1#*"9*2092'='Z'3$>*7*

;9'%:*.:"*/0#2'",.#$-#>*1#"1#*"9*$,2'.'#$-!*.'".!I*E!0*-,$-!>*#$*+,*2!$-

2'#$2',*20'"-',$,>*-!1!*"#*2!$(0#(,*,+0#1#1!0*1#+*/0'$2'/'!*7*/,0,*#+*/0'$2'/'!>*

7*+,*1'"-'$2'3$*#$-0#*0#A#+,2'3$*7*0#1#$2'3$*"#*!"290#2#I*d'#$-0,"*;9#*#$*#+*

@91,5".!*+,"*'1#,"*1#*20#,2'3$*7*0#A#+,2'3$*"#*2!$@9$-,$*2!$*+,*1#*0#1#$2'3$*

"!+!*,+*='$,+*1#*+!"*-'#./!">*#$*#+*20'"-',$'".!*+,*0#1#$2'3$*#"*/0:2-'2,.#$-#*

/,0-#*1#+*.!.#$-!*'$'2',+>*9$*=0,(.#$-!*1#*+,*20#,2'3$*;9#*#$*9$*.!.#$-!*

determinado se revelaORI*6A'1#$-#.#$-#>*+,*1'=#0#$2',*$!*#"*<,$,+I*]*+,*0#+,2'3$*

1#*+,*0#1#$2'3$*/,0,*,.<!"*29+-!"*$!*-#0.'$,*#$*"9*$#(,2'3$*1#*9$,*/,0-#*7*

,='0.,2'3$*#$*+,*!-0,I*6$*+,*.#1'1,*#$*;9#*+,*0#1#$2'3$*#"*/,0,* !"#$%&#'(*

C+,*"'#.<0,*1#*+,*#-#0$'1,1*#$*+!*A'A!F15>*#"-,*2,0,2-#05"-'2,*=9$1,*+,*<,"#*1#*

<9#$,*/,0-#*1#*+,*,0-'29+,2'3$*1#*"9*"'"-#.,*1#*/#$",.'#$-!>*-,+*2!.!*A#0#-

.!"*#$*+!*;9#*"'(9#I

!";0"12%$.,34"+434"3<54%4"4"(0",&,5(3$"%("0$"/04,4'.$"(*"+0$=("3(,&>*&+$

6$*/,+,<0,"*1#*"9*/0!/'!*,9-!0>*La estrella de la redención*$!*#"*9$*+'<0!*

@915!*!*"!<0#*#+*@91,5".!>*"'$!*9$*"'"-#.,*1#*='+!"!=5,*#$*-!1,*+,*#Z-#$"'3$*

1#*+,*/,+,<0,16I*v`9:+*#"*#$-!$2#"*+,*0,%3$*1#*;9#*#Z/+!0#*-,$*,*=!$1!*+,*'1#,*

1#+* @91,5".!*0#+'('!"!*"!<0#* +,*;9#*/0#-#$1#* =9$1,0"#w*vE!0*;9?*8,2#0*9$*

?$=,"'"*#$*+,*2!$-0,/!"'2'3$*2!$*#+*20'"-',$'".!w*D,+*A#%*,.<,"*/0#(9$-,"*"#*

0#"/!$1,$*#$*9$,*"!+,*,='0.,2'3$>*9$,*2+,A#*-,$(#$2',+*<,@!*+,*;9#*8,7*;9#*

+##0*-!1,*#",*!<0,I* !"#$%&#'(*#"*2!$-9$1#$-#)*C#+*@91,5".!*#"*.'*.?-!1!>*

7*$!*.'*!<@#-!F17.

U'*#"-!*#"*,"5>*La estrella*#"*#+*1#"/+'#(9#*1#*9$,*.#-!1!+!(5,*#$*+,*;9#*

"#* ++#A,*,*2,<!*9$,*.#1'-,2'3$*205-'2,*"!<0#* +,"*2!$1'2'!$#"*.'".,"*1#* +,*

,22'3$*,*/,0-'0*1#*9$*!01#$,.'#$-!*!-0!*1#+*-'#./!>*9$*!01#$*;9#*"#*=9$1,*

#$*9$*/0'$2'/'!*#"/#25='2!)*+,*/!"'<'+'1,1*1#*,22#"!*,*+,*#-#0$'1,1>*"#(_$*+!*

2!$"-,-,*+,*#Z/#0'#$2',*29+-90,+*1#*9$*/9#<+!I*6"-!*#"*,"5*/!0;9#*+,*0#1#$2'3$*

#$*#+*@91,5".!*#"*9$*,2-!*$!*,2!.#-'1!>*9$,*/0!.#",*=9-90,*7*/!"-#0(,1,>*

OR CfI* !"#$%&#'(*[I>*La estrella de la redención, /I*RQWI

15 Ibid., /I*ROQI*

16 Cf. da>*//I*OpS*7*RQQI

17 Cf. ibid>*/I*ePQI*6"-!*#"*+!*;9#*g?A'$,"*1#",00!++,*@9"-,.#$-#*,*/,0-'0*1#*9$,*'$-#0/0#-

-,2'3$*1#* !"#$%&#'(*29,$1!*#$*9$!*1#*"9"*,0-529+!"*"!<0#*,;9#+>*1#"20'<#*#+*"#$-'1!*1#+*@91,5".!*2!.!*C2,-#(!05,*1#+*"#0F>*ccfI*g?A'$,">*6I>*C6$-0#*1#9Z*.!$1#"*cg,*A!'#*1#*[0,$%* !"#$%&#'(fF>*#$)*Difficile Liberté>*E,05")*Y+<'$*d'28#+>*OWeV>*//I*PSX4PpOI*CfI*-,.<'?$*$!-,*SP*.:"*,<,@!If*

Javier Toscano

62


C;9#*8,2#*;9#* #+* /#$",.'#$-!*1#* #-#0$'1,1>* ;9#*/,0#25,* 2!$-#$#0"#* #$* +,*

2!/,*1#+*'$"-,$-#>*++#(9#*,+*-!/#*7*"#*1#"<!01#*"!<0#*+,*!0'++,FI*6$*#"#*"#$-

-'1!>*C+,*#-#0$'1,1*$!*#"*.:"*;9#*#"-!)*;9#*#+*-'#./!*7,*$!*-'#$#*1#0#28!*,*

9$*+9(,0*#$-0#*#+*.!.#$-!*/0#"#$-#*7*+,*2!$"9.,2'3$>*7*;9#*-!1!*#+*=9-90!*

1#<#*,/0#8#$1#0"#*8!7FOpI*Y8!0,*<'#$>*#+*/0!(0,.,*1#* !"#$%&#'(*1#",00!++,*

"!<0#*+,*$!2'3$*1#*+,*-#./!0,+'1,1*9$*"'"-#.,*;9#*#"*/0'.!01',+*#Z/+'2'-,0*

/,0,*#$-#$1#0*#+*"9"-#$-!*/0!=9$1!*7*+,*!0'('$,+'1,1*1#*"9*/#$",.'#$-!>*#"!*

;9#*8,2#*1#+*@91,5".!*9$,*.#-!1!+!(5,*"'$*191,*/#29+',0I*Y*2!$-'$9,2'3$>*

$!"*,<!2,0#.!"*,+*#Z,.#$*1#*"9"*#+#.#$-!"*2#$-0,+#">*2!$*#+*='$*1#*#$-#$1#0*

8,2',*#+*='$,+*23.!*"#*,0-'29+,$*#$*9$*/#$",.'#$-!*/!+5-'2!*/,0-'29+,0I

IV. Temporalidad (I): creación y revelación

!"#$%&#'(*.'".!*#"*/9$-9,+*#$*1#"'($,0*+,*-#./!0,+'1,1*2!.!*9$!*1#*

los componentes centrales de su sistema en tanto una nueva forma de pensar.

6$*"9*-#Z-!*El nuevo pensamiento (Das neue Denkenf*1#*OWPS>*;9#*2!$"-'-97#*

9$,*#"/#2'#*1#*/0!+#(3.#$!*/,0,*,2!.#-#0*9$,*+#2-90,*1#*La estrella, la dife-

0#$2',*#$-0#*#+*/#$",.'#$-!*,$-#0'!0*\+,*-0,1'2'3$*='+!"3='2,\*7*#+*$9#A!*;9#*?+*

/0#-#$1#*'$,9(90,0*"#*2,0,2-#0'%,05,*#$*-0#"*/9$-!")*#+*/#$",.'#$-!*,$-#0'!0*

#"*+3('2!*7*,-#./!0,+>*#+*$9#A!>*(0,.:-'2!*7*+'(,1!*,+*-'#./!B*#+*/#$",.'#$-!*

,$-#0'!0*#"*9$*1':+!(!*,*+!*.928!*'$-#0$!>*,9-!"9='2'#$-#>*#+*$9#A!>*9$*8,<+,*

;9#*"#*1'0'(#*,*+!"*1#.:"B*#+*/#$",.'#$-!*,$-#0'!0*#"*9$*.9$1!*1#*"9"-,$-

2',">*#+*$9#A!>*9$*.9$1!*1#*0#+,2'!$#"I*6$*/!2,"*/,+,<0,")*#+*"'"-#.,*1#*

!"#$%&#'(*;9'#0#*-!.,0*#$*"#0'!*,+*-'#./!*cErnstnehmen der ZeitfI*]*#"*;9#>*

/,0,*?+>*Cx+y!*;9#*8,*8#28!*^'!">*+!*;9#*8,2#>*+!*;9#*8,0:>*+!*;9#*+#*8,*"92#-

1'1!*,+*.9$1!>*+!*;9#*+#*"92#1#0:>*+!*;9#*+#*8,*"92#1'1!*,+*8!.<0#>*+!*;9#*+#*

"92#1#0:*\#"*'./!"'<+#*"#/,0,0*-!1!*#"!*1#*"9*-#./!0,+'1,1*cZeilichkeitfuF19.

d:"*;9#*9$*$9#A!* 2!$-#$'1!>* #"-#* 2,.<'!* 0,1'2,* #$* #+* 1#",00!++!* 1#*9$,*

/#0"/#2-'A,*1'=#0#$-#>*;9#*2!$++#A,*9$*2,.<'!*1#*.?-!1!I* !"#$%&#'(*1#"'($,*

#"-#*.?-!1!*2!.!*#+*1#*+,*C$,00,2'3$F*!*#+*C8,<+,F*cMethode des Erzählens /

des Sprechensf>*7*1#"20'<#*;9#>*,+*2!$-0,0'!*1#*+,*='+!"!=5,*,$-#0'!0>*2!$*#"-#*

.?-!1!*$!*"#*;9'#0#*",<#0*23.!*#+*"#0*8,*"'1!*c:&("(,"?(&6(*50&+@A"6(:(,(*),

"'$!*23.!*#+*"#0*"#*8,*,2#02,1!*czugegangenfI*Y"5*/9#">*#+*1':+!(!*7*+,*$,00,-

-'A'1,1*A'$29+,$*+,*-#./!0,+'1,1*2!$*#+*+#$(9,@#>*/9#"*;9'#$*;9'#0#*$,00,0*

Op* Y.<,"*2'-,"*"!$*1#* !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*La estrella de la redención>*//I*XVR4XVSI*19* !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*Zweistromland>*b#0+5$TJ'#$,)*E8'+!*J#0+,("(#""#+"28,=->*PQQO>*//I*PPO*7*PPXB*#$*,1#+,$-#>*zI


63


$!*/9#1#**1#"/0#$1#0"#*1#+*-'#./!*#$*#+*;9#*+,*$,00,2'3$*"#*"92#1#20. Pero

,*+,*A#%*2!$#2-,$*2!$*+,*/!"'<'+'1,1*#Z/+52'-,*1#+*'$"-,$-#>*/9#"*,+*/#$",0*1#*

#"-,*$9#A,*.,$#0,*#+*8!.<0#*1#"29<0#*;9#*C#+*2!$!2#0*#$*2,1,*'$"-,$-#*#"-:*

+'(,1!*,*#"#*'$"-,$-#>*7*/9#1#*8,2#0*;9#*#+*/,",1!*$!*"#,*,_$*/,",1!*7*#+*

futuro no sea futuro todavía (kann seine Vergangenheit nicht unvergangen,

seine Zukunft nicht unzukünftig machenfF21I*6+*1':+!(!*#"-:*+'(,1!*,+*-'#./!>*

"#*$9-0#*1#+*-'#./!>*"#*,<0#*,+*-'#./!*1#+*!-0!B*7*#"-!*/!0;9#*$!*-'#$#*9$*/+,$*

/0#A'"-!>*C$!*",<#*1#*,$-#.,$!*$,1,*1#*+!*;9#*/,",0:>*1#@,*;9#*!-0!"*1#$*+,"*

notas (StichwörterfI*J'A#*1#*+,*A'1,*1#*!-0!">*"#,*1#+*#"2928,*1#*+,*$,00,2'3$>*

1#+*0#"/!$1#$-#*1#*9$*1':+!(!*,*1!">*!*1#+*2!48,<+,$-#*cMitsprecherf*1#+*2!0!F22.

6$*#+*1':+!(!*"#*,<0#*#+*$_2+#!*1#*"'($'='2,2'3$*1#*+,*-#./!0,+'1,1>*#+*"#20#-!*

1#+*'$"-,$-#I*Y8!0,*<'#$>*"'*#"-#*.?-!1!*/9#1#*1#$!.'$,0"#*1#*,+(9$,*.,$#0,*

#+*1#+*@91,5".!>*2!.!*8,<5,.!"*A'"-!*,$-#">*#"*/!0;9#*/,0,* !"#$%&#'(*C#+*

/0!<+#.,*29+-90,+*1#+*@91,5".!*#$*-!1!"*"9"*$'A#+#"*7*#$*-!1,"*"9"*=!0.,"*

#"*+,*/0#(9$-,*A'-,+*@915,*/!0*#+*'$"-,$-#F23>*7*#"-#*/9#1#*'$2900'0*#$*29,+;9'#0*

.!.#$-!*1#*#"#*1':+!(!)*#"*#+*,2!$-#2'.'#$-!*1#*7*/!0*+,*/,+,<0,*#$*+,*;9#*

dos se encuentran.

g,*0#+#A,$2',*1#*#"-!"*-#.,"*"#*/+,".,*"!<0#*+,*,0;9'-#2-90,*1#*La es-

trella*1#*9$,*.,$#0,*/#29+',0I*Y*2,1,*9$,*1#*+,"*/,0-#"*1#*#"#*+'<0!*+#*2!00#"-

/!$1#*9$,*=!0.,*1#+*-'#./!*/!0*+,*=!0.,*2,0,2-#05"-'2,*#$*;9#*"#*#$-0#+,%,$*

"9"*#+#.#$-!")*̂ '!">*#+*.9$1!*7*#+*8!.<0#I*6$*Das neue Denken>* !"#$%&#'(*

+!*1#@,*#$*2+,0!)*C"#*$,00,*0#,+.#$-#*"!+!*#$*#+*/0'.#0*+'<0!>*#+*1#+*/,",1!I*6$*

#+*/0#"#$-#>*+,*$,00,2'3$*1#@,*"9*+9(,0*,+*'$-#02,.<'!*8,<+,1!*"'$*.#1',2'3$*

(unmittelbaren Wechselredef>*/9#"*$!*/9#1#*8,<+,0"#*1#*9$*/0#"#$-,0"#>*$'*1#*

+!"*8!.<0#"*$'*1#*^'!">*#$*+,*-#02#0,*/#0"!$,>*#"-!"*"!+!*/9#1#$*#"2928,0*7*

,;9#+*"#0*'$-#0/#+,1!*csie können nur gehört und angesprochen werden). Y en

20*`!.!*#"20'<#*H{0(*h!80)*C6"*#$*#+*.#1'!*1#+*+#$(9,@#>*$!*#$*#+*1#+*/#$",.'#$-!>*;9#*"#*1#@,*,/0#8#$1#0*+,*0#,+'1,1*#$*"9*-#./!0,+'1,1*7*#$*"9*0#+,2'!$,+'1,1u*6"-#*/#0.'-#*,2+,-0,0*$!*"!+!*+,*0#+,2'3$*#$-0#*+,*20#,2'3$*7*+,*0#A#+,2'3$>*"'$!*;9#*,/9$-,*,*+,*A#$'1#0,>*/#0!*,_$*=,+-,$-#>*0#1#$2'3$>*/9#"*"!+!*,+*='$,+*8,<0:*9$,*_$'2,*+#$(9,*1#*+!"*8!.<0#"IF*ch!80>*J., ?k!--*"#+<"-*.9""*1,"*+#-%-#*a!0-*"/0#28#$BA>*#$) Religion und Politik im Denken Franz Rosenzweig>*[0'<90(!Tdj$'28)*h,0+*Y+<#0>*PQQp>*/I*OOPfI*21* z>*/I*PPOI22

Ibid., p. 223. 23

Ibid.>*/I*XQI*6$*#"-!*2!'$2'1#*-,.<'?$*g?A'$,">*/,0,*;9'#$*#+*@91,5".!>*,*-0,A?"*1#+*.,$-

1,.'#$-!*1#+*,.!0*,+*/03@'.!*c9$*-#.,*-!.,1!*1#* !"#$%&#'(>*2!.!*A#0#.!"f>*C"'($'='2,*+,*#Z/#0'#$2',*1#*9$*/0#"#$-#*#-#0$!u*x6"y*+,*/0!1922'3$*1#*,;9#++!*;9#*m#'1#((#0*++,.,0:*r#+*?Z-,"'"*1#+*/0#"#$-#s*cg?A'$,"*6I>*C6$-0#*1#9Z*.!$1#"*cg,*A!'#*1#*[0,$%* !"#$%&#'(fF>*pp. 266-267.

Javier Toscano

VR


#+*+'<0!*1#+*=9-90!*1!.'$,*#+*8,<+,*1#+*2!0!>*/9#"*#+*,A#$'0*0#('"-0,*,+*/,0-'29+,0*

13$1#*7*29:$1!*#"-#*/9#1#*1#2'0*r$!"!-0!"sFPR.

6"-#*"'"-#.,*"#*,<0#*7*#Z/!$#*#$*+,*"#(9$1,*/,0-#*1#*La estrella, al si-

-9,0"#*"9"*#+#.#$-!"*#$*9$,*0#+,2'3$*#Z/+52'-,*c+,*20#,2'3$*#"*9$,*0#+,2'3$*1#*

^'!"*7*#+*.9$1!B*+,*0#A#+,2'3$>*1#*^'!"*7*#+*8!.<0#B*+,*0#1#$2'3$>*1#+*8!.<0#*

7*#+*.9$1!fI*M!*#"*/!0*#++!*#Z-0,i!*;9#*"#,*#$*#"-,*"#(9$1,*/,0-#>*@9"-!*+,*1#*

+,*0#A#+,2'3$>*#$*;9#*#+*"'"-#.,*"#*#Z/0#",)*#"#*#"*"9*/0'$2'/'!I*̂ #*#"-,*"#22'3$*

"#*1#"/0#$1#$*,+*.#$!"*1!"*=!0.,"*1#*!0(,$'%,2'3$*1#*+,*-#./!0,+'1,1*/,0,*

#+*"'"-#.,*1#*/#$",.'#$-!*1#* !"#$%&#'(I*l$,*/0'.#0,*=!0.,*1#*#"-092-90,0*

un sistema de los tiempos viene por la temporalidad implícita de cada uno

1#*+!"*#+#.#$-!"*'$A!+920,1!"I*E9#1#*1#2'0"#*;9#>*.'#$-0,"*^'!"*7*#+*8!.<0#*

"!$*\#+*/0'.#0!*2!.!*"#0*#-#0$!>*#+*"#(9$1!*2!.!*"#0*1#A#$'1!\>*#+*.9$1!*

"'#./0#*1#A'#$#I*6"*1#2'0>*#$*+,*'$A#"-'(,2'3$*1#*+,*0#A#+,2'3$*"#*'./+'2,*#+*

.9$1!*#$*"9*.!1!*1#*.,$'=#"-,0"#>*/!0*#+*;9#*"'#./0#*,1A'#$#*,$-#"*1#*"#0*

,+(!*1#='$'-'A!>*7*$9$2,*2#",*1#*#"-,0*++#(,$1!I*6"-#*.9$1!*"#*0#A#+,*,$-#"*1#*

-!1,*#"#$2',>*,/,0#2#*2!.!*9$*2!$@9$-!*2,3-'2!*297!*"#0*"#*#=#2-_,>*#$*_+-'.,*

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.#1'!*1#*+,*0#A#+,2'3$>*#+*8!.<0#*,/,0#2#*,*"5*.'".!*2!.!*9$*#Z2#"!*2!$*

0#"/#2-!*,*+,*.#0,*20',-90,>*,+(!*.:"*;9#*9$,*/90,*2!",*20#,1,B*#+*.9$1!>*

#$*#",*.'".,*0#+,2'3$>*;9#1,*,+*2!$-0,0'!*#$*=,+-,I*]*2!.!*#"20'<#*k?0,01*

b#$"9"",$)*Cg,*.9+-'/+'2'1,1*x1#+*.9$1!y>*"9*1'"2!$-'$9'1,1*=#$!.?$'2,>*1#<#*

"#0*",$2'!$,1,*/!0*9$*,2-!*;9#*+!*,"#(90#*#$*"9*#"#$2',I*6"-#*,2-!>*#"-,*,2-'-

A'1,1*+#*,1A'#$#$*1#*^'!"*#$*+,*20#,2'3$>*7*1#+*8!.<0#*#$*+,*0#1#$2'3$I*^#2'0*

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.'#$-!*;9#*1#*?+*.#*2!$"-097!I*6+*=9-90!*#"*9$*.!A'.'#$-!*.'".!*1#+*.9$1!*

#$*-,$-!*;9#*#"-#*#"*9$*A#$'0>*#+*C.9$1!*;9#*A'#$#F*1#*+,*-0,1'2'3$*@915,*u>*

9$*.9$1!*/#0/#-9,.#$-#*#$*"9=0'.'#$-!*/!0*A#0"#*,2,<,1!>*#$*<_";9#1,*

1#*#"-,*A#$'1,*#$*?+*1#*!-0!F25I*^#*,;95*"#*1#"/0#$1#$*1#*'$'2'!*1!"*-?0.'$!"*

PR* z>*/I*PPPI25

Bensussan, G., Dans la forme du monde. Sur Franz Rosenzweig>*E,05")*m#0.,$$>*PQQW>*p. 77.


65


2+,A#)*#+*=9-90!*7*+,*#"/#0,I*6"-,*_+-'.,*$!*'./+'2,*9$,*.#0,*/,"'A'1,1*$'*9$,*

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.9$1!*7*"9*8'"-!0',>*9$*-0,<,@!*1#*+,*c'.f/,2'#$2',*/!0*#+*;9#*!-0!*.9$1!*

crece dentro del seno de este mismo. Por su parte, el futuro es un plano en

#+*;9#*8,*1#*++#A,0"#*,*2,<!*#+*,2,<,.'#$-!*1#+*.9$1!>*"9*1#A#$'0*'$='$'-!*7*

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+,*1#+*8!.<0#*7*+,*1#+*.9$1!>*/,0,*+!(0,0*+,*#-#0$'%,2'3$*1#+*9$!*#$*#+*!-0!I

Otra forma de estructurar el tiempo viene dada por la temporalidad

1#*+!"*#A#$-!"*\20#,2'3$>*0#A#+,2'3$>*0#1#$2'3$\*#$*+!"*;9#*+!"*#+#.#$-!"*"#*

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$'*,2,#2#0*1#+*+#$(9,@#*\2!.!*"5*+!*8,<0:*#$*+,*0#A#+,2'3$\>*"'$!*9$*8#28!I*

!"#$%&#'(*8,2#*9$*,$:+'"'"*(0,.,-'2,+*1#*+,*#"-092-90,*#$*+,*;9#*,/,0#2#*+,*

/,+,<0,*1'A'$,>*1'=#0#$2',$1!*,85*/!0*2!./+#-!*+,*20#,2'3$*1#*+,*0#A#+,2'3$)*

C#+*20#,1!0*"#*0#A#+,*,*"5*.'".!*#$*#+*,2-!*1#*20#,2'3$B*+,*/,+,<0,*20#,1!0,*$!*

#"*+,*1#+*0#A#+,1!0*;9#*"#*0#A#+,*#"-,*0#A#+,2'3$>*"'$!*1#='$'-'A,.#$-#*-,.<'?$*

9$*8#28!*20#,-'A!*1#+*20#,1!0F27.

Y*+,*A#%>*+,*20#,2'3$*#"*,;9#++!*;9#*$!"*1#@,*9$*.9$1!*1#*.9+-'/+'2'1,-

1#">*-!1,"*#++,"*.,02,1,"*/!0*+,*.9#0-#I*g,*.9#0-#*#"*+,*#"-'/9+,2'3$*1#*;9#*

+,"*2!","*,2,<,$>*,"5*2!.!*1#*;9#*#$*"9*='$*-!1!*,1;9'#0#*"9*'1#$-'1,1I*E#0!*

#$*-,$-!*/0!4/9#"-,*7*/!"4/9#"-,>*+,*.9#0-#*1#*+,"*2!","*#$*9$*.!.#$-!*1#*

"9*=9-90!*#"*+!*;9#*"'($,*-,.<'?$*"9*'$,2,<,.'#$-!*/,0,*9$*.!.#$-!*1,1!>*

esto es, su incompletud definitiva en tanto esa muerte no llegue, en tanto la

idea misma de la muerte no se disipe del mundo. Pero eso no es todo. Para

!"#$%&#'(>*"'*#+*.9$1!*#"*20#,1!*/!0*^'!">*#"-!*;9'#0#*1#2'0*;9#*$!*#.,$,*

1#*?+>*7*/!0*-,$-!>*;9#*#"*29,+'-,-'A,.#$-#*1'"-'$-!*1#*+,*1'A'$'1,1I*6"-!*#"*9$*

/9$-!*1'=#0#$2',+*0#"/#2-!*,+*'1#,+'".!>*"!<0#*-!1!*#$*"9*.!.#$-!*8#(#+',$!>*

#$*#",*8'"-!0',*/#29+',0*1#*+,*.#-,=5"'2,*;9#*"#*1#",00!++,*1#*E,0.?$'1#"*,*

HegelPpI*6$*+,*'1#,*1#*+,*20#,2'3$*"#*,$2+,*9$,*'$A#"-'(,2'3$*1#+*"#0*#$*"9*

1'.#$"'3$*0#1#$-!0,>*#"2,-!+3('2,>*!/9#"-,*,*9$,*=!0.,*1#*1#",00!++!*/0!-

(0#"'A,*7*-#+#!+3('2,I*

E!0*"9*/,0-#>*+,*#Z/#0'#$2',*1#*+,*0#A#+,2'3$>*2!.!*'$"-,$2',*1',+3('2,*

1#+* +#$(9,@#>*"#* -'#$#*;9#*#$-#$1#0*2!.!*9$,*!/!"'2'3$*,*#",*.9#0-#*;9#*

26* !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*La estrella de la redención>*/I*OPRI*27

Ibid., p 172.Pp

Ibid., p. 51.

Javier Toscano

66


,-0,A'#",*#+*.9$1!)*"#*-0,-,*,;95*#$-!$2#"*1#+*,.!0I*U!+!*#+*1':+!(!*;9#*=9$-

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#$4,.!0,1!*#"*,1.'-'0*+,*/0'!0'1,1*(0,.,-'2,+*1#*+,*"#(9$1,*/#0"!$,*"!<0#*

la primera33I*6+*,.!0*#$*+,*0#A#+,2'3$*2!$"-'-97#*,"5*#+*/9$-!*1#*/'A!-#*#$*#+*

29 IbidI>*/*PPRI*

30* U!<0#*-!1!>*/!0*#@#./+!>*#$*Ética*OOPV<PO*7*#$*Retórica*OXpQ<XV\OXpO,PI*31* U!<0#*-!1!*#$*De Moribus Ecclesiae Catholicae 1, 30, 63 (ML 32, 1336); De Quantitate Animae XR>*ep*cdg*XP>*OQepf>*"'$*.#$2'!$,0*+,"*'009/2'!$#"*1#*+,*$!2'3$*1#+*,.!0*#$*+,"*Confesiones>*/!0*#@#./+!>*#$*OQ>*PW>*RQ*c``*Pe>*OeVfI*32*`!.!*#"-,*"#*#Z/0#",>*/!0*#@#./+!>*#$*El malestar de la civilización 1#*[0#91*c[0#91>*UI>*Das Unbehagen in der Kultur>*J'#$,)*E"728!,$,+'-'"28#0*J#0+,(>*OWXQfI*33* g!"*/+'#(9#"*1#*#"-#*(0,$*-#.,*0!"#$%&#'(',$!*"#*#./'#%,$*,/#$,"*,*'$A#"-'(,0I*E,0,*9$*-0,<,@!*;9#*#Z/+!0,*#+*-#.,*1#+*,.!0*#$*"9*"#$-'1!*.:"*'$.#1',-!>*2!.!*,.!0*1#*/,0#@,>*cfI*d'-"28#0+'28>*oI>*C^#0*k+#'28$'"28,0,G-#0*1#0*g'#<#F>*#$)*b0,""#0>*d,0-'$*7*m,$"*d,0-'$*^!<#0*c#1"If>*Wir un die Anderen>*[0'<90(!)*h,0+*Y+<#0>*PQOQ>*//I*pR4WSB*/,0,*9$*#$",7!*;9#*-0,%,*+,"*+5$#,"*1#+*,.!0*2!.!*1#"#!*7*,2#02,.'#$-!*"!2',+>*cfI*k,00'1!4d,-90,$!>*YI>*C^,"*60&,28#$*1#"*J#0+,$(#"I*6'$#*/8t$!.#$!+!('"28#*Y$,+7"#*1#0*b#%'#89$(*L284^9*9$1*a'0*L80*'.*U-#0$*1#0*60+{"9$(F>*#$)*Wir un die Anderen>*[0'<90(!)*h,0+*Y+<#0>*PQOQ>*//I*WV4OOXI*l$*#$",7!*;9#*2!./,0,*+,*2!$"-'-92'3$*1#+*C$!"!-0!"F*,*/,0-'0*1#+*.!.#$-!*1#+*,.!0*,+*/03@'.!*#$*`!8#$*7* !"#$%&#'(>*#"*#+*1#*g#2!$-#>*dI>*Cl$-#0&#("*%9.*d'-.#$"28#$I*g'#<#*


67


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de la vida terrestre. La tercera parte de La estrella>*+,*0#1#$2'3$>*0#/#-'0:*#$*

"9*1#"20'/2'3$*1#*+,*#-#0$'1,1*<9#$,*/,0-#*1#+*=+9@!*1#+*-'#./!*;9#*1#*,;95*

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29,+*#./0#$1#0*#+*;9'#<0#*1#*+,*20!$!+!(5,*8'"-30'2,*1#"1#*9$*/0'$2'/'!*/!+5-

tico determinante.

V. Temporalidad (II): La redención y el principio de una teología política basa-

da en el amor al prójimo

6$*9$,*"9-'+*'$-#0/0#-,2'3$*#$*-!0$!*,*La estrella>*6+'*k!01!$*#"-'.,*

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+,*0#/0#"#$-,2'3$*1#*9$*2!$-#$#1!0*7*9$*2!$-#$'1!>*"'$!*#$*+,*2!$=#22'3$*1#*

9$*"'"-#.,*'$-#$"'A!*;9#*"!+!*/9#1#*-#$#0*/!0*2!$"#29#$2',*+,*.!1'='2,2'3$*

1#"*Mt28"-#$*9$1*d'-4g#'1*'$*1#0*U/t-/8'+!"!/8'#*`!8#$"*9$1*'.*Stern der Erlösung* !-"#$%&#'("F>*#$)*Wir un die Anderen>*[0'<90(!)*h,0+*Y+<#0>*PQOQ>*//I*OOR4OPpI*XR*k!01!$>*6I>*o.c.>*/I*ORWI

Javier Toscano

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contrariedades de su intento, las tensiones de su metodología.

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35* !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*La estrella de la redención, p. 325.36* Y;95*#"*0#+#A,$-#*#+*#Z,.#$*,$,+5-'2!*1#*b!$-,"*"!<0#*+,"*1!"*=!0.,"*1#*+,*#-#0$'1,1>*9$,*2!.!*='$,+>*-0,"2#$1#$-#>*7*+,*!-0,*2!.!*0#,+>*/!"'<+#>*"!<0#*+,*<,"#*1#*+,*2!.9$'1,1*;9#*#"/#0,*cCfI*b!$-,">*YI> Franz Rosenzweig’s Rational Subjective System. The Redemptive Turning Point in Philosophy and Theology>*M9#A,*]!0G)*E#-#0*g,$(> PQOO>*//I*OWO4OWpfI


69


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Ibid., p. 339.

Javier Toscano

70


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sumerge en la nada frente a este grito triunfante de la eternidad. La vida se

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Javier Toscano

72


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73


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Javier Toscano

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1#* !"#$%&#'(I*Y+(9$!"*'$1'2'!"*/,0,*#"-#*,2#02,.'#$-!*#$*`,$$'$(>* I*The Unity of Love for God and Neighbor in St. Augustine>*m#A#0+##4g#9A#$)*Y9(9"-'$',$*m'"-!0'2,+*L$"-'-9-#>*1993, pp. 191-205). SR* !"#$%&#'(*20'-'2,*=9#0-#.#$-#*-!1!*=9$1,.#$-!*?-'2!*1#*+,*/!+5-'2,)*C6$*+,*?-'2,*-!1!*#"*'$2'#0-!I*D!1!>*,+*='$,+>*/9#1#*"#0*.!0,+>*/#0!*$,1,*#"*.!0,+*2!$*2#0-#%,I*g,*+#7*.!0,+*#"*$#2#",0',.#$-#*=!0.,+*/90,.#$-#*7*/!0*#++!*$!*"!+!*,.<'(9,>*"'$!*,<'#0-,*,*9$*$_.#0!*'+'.'-,1!*1#*'$-#0/0#-,2'!$#"I*Y+*2!$-0,0'!>*#+*.,$1,.'#$-!*1#*,.,0*,+*/03@'.!*#"*2+,0!*7*$!*,.<'(9!*#$*"9*2!$-#$'1!F*c !"#$%&#'(>*[I>*La estrella de la redención, p. 239). 55

Ibid., p. 197. 56

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la temporalidad de la redención como principio teológico político