LEARNING TO LEARN

AIMS:

To learn how to use a dictionary (phonetic symbols and multiple meanings) To learn how to organize vocabulary To learn parts of speech

WHEN YOU USE A DICTIONARY, IT’S VERY IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW TO READ THE TRANSCRIPTION. HERE ARE SOME PHONETIC SYMBOLS WHICH USUALLY CAUSE PROBLEMS TO STUDENTS.

Vowel sounds: /sʌn/ sun /ka: / car /bed/ bed /kæt/ cat /sıt/ sit /tri:/ tree /hɒt/ hot /hɔ:s/ horse /fʊl/ full /mu:n/ moon /wɔ:tə/ water /gɜ:l/ girl

/leıt/ late /taım/ time /bɒı/ boy /həʊm/ home /aʊt/ out /hɪə/ here /ðeə/ thereConsonant sounds: /ʧeə/ chair /eɪʤ/ age /θıηk/ think /ðıs/this /∫op/ shop / pleʒə/ pleasure

IT’S ALSO VERY IMPORTANT TO KNOW THAT ONE WORD CAN HAVE MORE THAN ONE MEANING.

table n. /teıbl/1. a kitchen table 2. the periodic table3. the multiplication table key n. /ki:/= I’ve lost my keys, and now I can’t get in. keyadj. /ki:/ = very important He’s our key witness. lead v. /li:d/ = guide, show the way lead n. / led/ = Pb

HOW TO ORGANIZE NEW WORDS IN YOUR NOTEBOOK

It’s a good idea to write what part of speech it is and to write a sentence which shows how it is used. For example:

bond n /bond/ = a force that joins something together

Chemical bonds can be covalent or ionic.

“My name is Bond, Chemical Bond.”

The trade agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries.

PARTS OF SPEECH

n. noun I have a sister.adj. adjective They live in an old

house. pron. pronoun They live in an old

house. v. verb They live in an old

house. adv. adverb He drives fast.prep. preposition They live in an old

house. art. article They live in an old

house.

LOOK AT THE TRANSCRIPTION OF SOME COMMONLY MISSPELLED WORDS AND TRY TO WORK OUT WHAT THE WORDS ARE.

/’æsɪd/ /beɪs/ /baɪka:bənɪt/ /baɪ’ɒləʤi/ /kælsɪəm/ /kəʊveɪlənt/ /daɪ’oksaid/ /kemɪst/ /’klɔ:ri:n/

/ɪks’perimənt/ /ʤel/ /hi:lɪəm/ /haɪdrəʤən/ /aiən/ /’mɒlikju:l/ /’ni:ɒn/ /’ɒksaid/ /zɪŋk/

THIS IS HOW WE SPELL THE WORDS

acid base bicarbonate biology calcium covalent dioxide chemist chlorine

experiment gel helium hydrogen ion molecule neon oxide zinc

WORK OUT THE PARTS OF SPEECH OF THE UNDERLINED WORDWS. TRY TO GUESS THE MEANINGS OF THE WORDS FROM THE CONTEXT.

Emma left home, rounded the corner on her bike

and saw a round metal object on the road. It went

round and round in circles making a strange noise.

Suddenly, a man came and fired a round of

ammunition at the object.

rounded the corner = verb a round metal object = adjective It went round and round = adverb a round of ammunition = noun

IN PAIRS, USE THE WORDS BELOW TO WRITE AS MANY SENTENCES AS POSSIBLE IN FIVE MINUTES.

crocodile was watching

Mary is bigger

animals left lot

will zoo study

home the and

goes took to

has a of

yesterday tomorrow if

if than gone

WITCH OF THESE STRUCTURES DID YOU USE?

Present Simple Present Continuous Future forms Present Perfect Past Simple Past Continuous

Conditionals Comparison of

adjectives Quantity

expressions Modals of obligation The Passive

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE

1. The number of letters in English is the same as the number of sounds.

2. The best way to learn new words is to write example sentences.

3. There are five parts of speech in English.4. What are the two different ways to

pronounce the word LEAD? What’s the difference in meaning?