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7/26/2019 Kuliah Patologi Umum Immunopatology 2011-Final
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Imunopatologi
Kuliah I
Senin 15 Oktober 2012
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Evaluasi sebelum dilakukan kuliah
Tuliskan nama dan NIM
a!ab pertan"aan dengan singkat
1# Imunopatologi adalah $abang ilmu patologi% apa pendapat anda dan apa alasann"a &
2# apakah benar dalam imunopatologi dipela'ari
pen"akit "ang ter'adi akibat reaksi tanggap kebal
(imun)# *pa sa'a komponen reaksi tanggap kebal
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+evie!
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Konsep reaksi imun atau reaksi tanggap
kebal normal *natomi he!an normal
,istologi 'aringan-organ normal
.isiologi / edema% hemolisis
atologi / proses peradangan
alam mempela'ari immunopatholog"% sangat
penting diketahui /
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Immune s"stem disorders o$$ur !hen the
immune s"stem does not ight tumors or
harmul substan$es as it should# The immune
response ma" be overa$tive or undera$tive#
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Immuno$ompeten$e $ells
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3ells o the immune s"stem 4 morpholog"
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Pembentukan sel darah
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Blood Separation
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Pembentukan sel darah
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Red Blood Cells
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RBC activities
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Monocyte in blood
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Mono$"te Ele$tron mi$ros$ope
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Monocyte Electron microscope
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T cell induction
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Immune rea$tion
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Activity of B and T cells in immunesystem
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B and T cell communication
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Antibody structure
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Terimakasih dan selamat belajar
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immunopatholog"immunopatholog"
*dalah bagian dari ilmu patologi
Mempela'ari perubahan organ akibat
pen"akit "ang disebabkan oleh
pen"impangan respon tanggap kebal -imun Memperkenalkan istilah-terminologi% $ontoh
perubahan organ atau 'aringan dan
pen"akitn"a
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entuk kelainan dalamentuk kelainan dalam
immunopatholog"immunopatholog"
+espon "ang men"impang dari normal /+espon "ang men"impang dari normal /
,"pereaktiitas 6 ,"persensitiitas,"pereaktiitas 6 ,"persensitiitas
,"poreaktiitas 6 immunosupressi,"poreaktiitas 6 immunosupressi
en"akit autoimmuneen"akit autoimmune
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,"pereaktiitas 6 h"persensitivitas,"pereaktiitas 6 h"persensitivitas
Menurut 7ell dan 3oombs
iklasiikasikan men'adi 8 kelompok
atau t"pe reaksi h"persensitivitas
"aitu / T"pe I% II% III "ang reaksin"a deperantarai
oleh antibodi
T"pe I9 reaksin"a diperantarai oleh sel T
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T"pe I h"persensitivit"T"pe I h"persensitivit"
,a"ever (allergi$ rhinitis)%
e$:ema%
*sthma
urti$aria#
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EE STIN7
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3o! inested !ith $attle ti$k ;
Boophilus microplus
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3on$ept o *llerg"
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+eaksi diperantarai oleh adan"a antibodi (Ig E)
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+eaksi diperantarai oleh adan"a antibodi (Ig E)
degranulasi
edema
radang
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Allergic rhinitis pig
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Allergic rhinitis pig
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*llerg" pada golden retriver
*llerg" pada !anita
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3onta$t dermatitis pada an'ing
enebalan epidermis
+eaksi radang
Infilttrasi sel radang
Edema radang
+eaksi < allerg" pada skin test
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Eosinoph"l
ari koleksi darah
+eaksi < allerg" pada skin test
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*==E+7EN
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It$h4*nd4S$rat$h4ite4*nd4=i$k>
T*N* ,E?*N*==E+7@
ll
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allergy
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ermatitis
*lope$ia
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ermatitis kronis
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,istopatholog" o IgE4
mediated skin lesion in theears o a$tivel" sensiti:ed
mi$e# Skin se$tions !ere
stained !ith haematoA"lin
and eosin# (*) Non4
sensiti:ed mi$e# ()
Sensiti:ed mi$e# (*rro!s)
Iniltration o inlammator"
$ells (neutrophils and
eosinophils)# Magnii$ation/200#
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dermatitis
eosinoph"l
http://www.epathologies.com/pcoll/derm/eczmcrnc/050978i009.jpg7/26/2019 Kuliah Patologi Umum Immunopatology 2011-Final
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*llerg" region on the bod"
B ti i ( ti t di ti )Ine$ted a$ute e$:ema
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Brti$aria (rea$tion to medi$ation)
3hroni$ e$:ema resulting in s$rat$h marks
Ine$ted a$ute e$:ema
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*llerg" to $hemi$als
Allergy to chemical
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Allergy to chemical
Erosi
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rug allerg"
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Allergy test on skin
Staph"lo$o$$al blepharitis
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*llergi$ $on'un$tivitis
Staph"lo$o$$al blepharitis
+adang vs *llerg"
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agaimana radang ter'adi akibat allerg &
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agaimana radang ter'adi akibat allerg"&
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Mast $ell mengeluarkan vassoakti amin
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*$ute lar"ngeal Edema in patient !ith anaph"laAis romeni$illin
Edema
*SIKSI*
T"pe I h"persensitivit" rea$tion 6 *naph"laAis
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T"pe I h"persensitivit" rea$tion *naph"laAis
lasma $ell
eosinoph"ledema
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,aemol"ti$ anemia
wbc
antibody+3
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3ontoh m"asthenia
gravis se$ara
eksperimental pada
kelin$i "ang
diin'eksi
alpha4bungarotoAin
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M"asthenia gravis
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ki iP kit t i
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Penyakit autoimunPenyakit autoimun
=BBS terdiri dari=BBS terdiri dari
is$oid =upus Er"thematosus (=E)is$oid =upus Er"thematosus (=E)
S"stemi$ =upus Er"thematosus (S=E)S"stemi$ =upus Er"thematosus (S=E)
emphigousemphigous
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Dalam istilah sederhana, seseorang dapat dikatakan menderita penyakit
Lupus Erythematosussaat tubuhnya menjadi alergi pada dirinya sendiri
Lupusadalah istilah dari bahasa Latin yang berarti !erigala
"al ini disebabkan penderita penyakit ini pada umumnya memiliki butterfly
rash atau ruam merah berbentuk kupu#kupu di pipi yang serupa di pipi
!erigala, tetapi berwarna putih
Lupus Erythematosus
http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lupus_Erythematosus&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupushttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupushttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lupus_Erythematosus&action=edit&redlink=17/26/2019 Kuliah Patologi Umum Immunopatology 2011-Final
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$enyakit ini dalam ilmu kedokteran disebut
!ystemic Lupus Erythematosus%!LE&, yaitu ketika penyakit ini sudah
menyerang seluruh tubuh atau sistem internal manusia Dalam ilmu
imunologi atau kekebalan tubuh, penyakit ini adalah kebalikan dari
kankeratau "I'(AID! $ada Lupus, tubuh menjadi o)eracting terhadap
rangsangan dari sesuatu yang asing dan membuat terlalu banyak
antibodi atau semacam protein yang malah ditujukan untuk melawan
jaringan tubuh sendiri Dengan demikian, Lupus disebut sebagai
autoimmune disease%penyakit dengan kekebalan tubuh berlebihan&
*enis penyakit Lupus ini memiliki tiga macam bentuk yang
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_Lupus_Erythematosushttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kankerhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIVhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDShttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autoimmune_disease&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autoimmune_disease&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDShttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIVhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kankerhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_Lupus_Erythematosus7/26/2019 Kuliah Patologi Umum Immunopatology 2011-Final
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*enis penyakit Lupus ini memiliki tiga macam bentuk, yang
pertama yaitu 3utaneus =upus, seringkali disebut dis$oidyang
mempengaruhi kulit +edua, S"stemi$ =upus Er"thematosus
%!LE& yang menyerang organ tubuh seperti kulit, persendian, paru#
paru, darah, pembuluh darah, jantung, ginjal, hati, otak, dan syaraf
+etiga, rug Indu$ed =upus%DIL&, timbul karena menggunakan
obat#obatan tertentu !etelah pemakaian dihentikan, umumnya
gejala akan hilang
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is$oid =upus Er"thematosusis$oid =upus Er"thematosus
i id l th t
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is$oid lupus er"thematosus
, dis$oid =E
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is$oid =upus Er"thematosusis$oid =upus Er"thematosus
(=E)(=E)
utterl" skin rashutterl" skin rash
Onl" involve skin rea$tionOnl" involve skin rea$tion
More benign $ompare toMore benign $ompare to
S"stemi$S"stemi$
=upus Er"thematosus (S=E)=upus Er"thematosus (S=E)
hotosensiti:ation to sunlighthotosensiti:ation to sunlight
5410C develope to S=E5410C develope to S=E
*uto immune disease*uto immune disease
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S"stemi$ =upus Er"thematosus
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S=E ,istopatholog"
)asculitis
3hroni$ inlammator"
$ells iniltrate
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urpura ; EAtrapassage
o +3
9a$uoli:ation% basal membrane
ush
=E
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9as$ular thrombosis in the dermis4 S=E
thrombosis
dermis epidermis
7in'al pada pasien S=E
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E% sho!ed positi Ig
.loures$ensi pada bagian sel "ang
mengandung Ig7
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A
ermo4epidermal un$tion sho!ed !ith
Immunoloures$ent *ntibod" Te$hniDue
=apisan * adalah sel2 "ang positip bereaksi
dg antibodi
-agaimana cara memeriksa jaringan lupus
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*pakah pen"akit lupus dapat disembuhkan &
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English Bulldog with pemphigusfoliaceus before (left) and after (right)
immunosuppressive therapy
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EM,I7OBS
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In pemphigus% autoantibodiesorm against desmoglein#
esmoglein orms the glue that atta$hes ad'a$ent epidermal
$ells via atta$hment points $alled desmosomes in
dermoepidermal 'un$tion# ?hen autoantibodies atta$k
desmogleins% the $ells be$ome separated rom ea$h other and
the epidermis be$omes unglued% a phenomenon $alled
a$anthol"sis# This $auses blisters that slough o and turn into
sores# In some $ases% these blisters $an $over a signii$ant
area o the skin#F2G
EM,I7OBS
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EM,I7OBS M*N
ermoepidermal 'un$tion
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ermoepidermal 'un$tion
emphigous 4 horse
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.ebruary /00/ 1ctober /00/
2he treating )eterinarian diagnosed Lady with the autoimmune
disease pemphigus foliaceus Authorities state that 304 of
horses diagnosed with pemphigus foliaceus die or are
euthani5ed within one year of diagnosis
emphigous
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Mi$ros$opi$ image o dire$timmunoluores$en$e using an anti4
Ig7 antibod"# The tissue is skin
rom a patient !ith emphigus
vulgaris# Note the inter$ellular Ig7
deposits in the epidermis and the
earl" intraepidermal vesi$le
(dermatolog") $aused b"
a$anthol"sis#
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7iant $ells ma$rophage
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T b l i
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Tuber$ulosis
=ump" skin disease
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7rat +e'e$tion
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,"persensitivit" t"pe I9 6 79,
*poptosis
l"mpho$"te
va$uoli:ation
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T@E I9 / 79,% $holestasis
igmen empedu
Tubulointerstitial re'e$tion
tubulus
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Tubulointerstitial re'e$tion
interstit
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T@E I93hroni$ vas$ular re'e$tion in renal
ibrosis
3hroni$
inlammator"
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TYPE DESCRIP
INITIA
TION MECHANISM EXAMPLE NAME
Summar" o ,"persensitivit"Summar" o ,"persensitivit"
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TIVE
I IgEmediatehypersensitivit
y
!"# mins Ag induces crosslinking of IgE bound to
mast cells $ith releaseof vasoactivemediators
%ystemic anaphyla&is' (ocalanaphyla&is' )ay fever'
Asthma' Ec*ema
II Antibodymediatedcytoto&ic
+ III ,hrs Ab directed againstcellsurface antigensmediates celldestruction via A-CCor complement
Blood transfusion reactions')aemolytic disease of thene$born' Autoimmune)aemolytic anaemia
III Immunecomple&mediatedhypersensitivity
!, hours AgAb comple&esdeposited at varioussites induces mast celldegranulation via.cgammaRIII' PM/degranulation Arthusreaction 0(ocalised12damages tissue
%ystemic reactionsdisseminated rash' arthritis'glomerulonephritis
I3 cellmediatedhypersensitivity
!45!hrs Memory T)6 cellsrelease cytokines thatrecruit and activatemacrophages
Contact dermatitis' Tubercularlesions
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immunodei$ien$"
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"
Immunodei$ien$" disorders ma" ae$t an" part o
the immune s"stem# Most $ommonl"% su$h a
$ondition o$$urs !hen spe$iali:ed !hite blood $ells
$alled T or l"mpho$"tes (or both) do not !ork as
!ell as the" should% or !hen "our bod" doesnHt
produ$e enough antibodies#
IMM9/:-E.I%IE/%IIMM9/:-E.I%IE/%I
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9 : % %
Adalah suatu keadaan dimanasistem imun tubuh untuk menahaninfeksi lemah atau bahkan hilang
7lasi;kasi