Kosmic Address Vs. Holarchical Embeddeness(Bowman, 2012b, JITP)

Kosmic Address: Altitude + Perspective

Need to differentiate subject, action, and objectPerspective-taking is one sort of action

Holarchical embeddedness of subject or object:psychograph, sociograph including typologies

Holarchical processes:perceptions, analyses, changing relations, choices, actions, etc., of

subject and object interaction where agents are positioned initially by holarchical embeddedness

Holarchical Field Theory(Bowman, 2012b, JITP)

Field “substitutes events for things having fixed properties, and sees events

as totalities in which parts of the event are what they are, qualitatively and quantitatively, only in terms of the rest of the event”

(English and English, p. 207)

Fundamental Components of Wilberian Integral Theory:

Past: Holons (Wilber, 1995) => becomes Holarchically embedded subjects and objects

Present: Perspectives (Wilber, 2002, 2006) => becomes a subset of holarchical processes

Proposed: Holarchical Fields (Bowman, 2012b)mapping interpenetrating drives between subject and all relevant objects forms potential fields of opportunity and

danger where actions taken is the choice subset.

Holarchical Field Theory (HFT)(Bowman, 2012b, JITP)

Holarchical Field Theory created by the synthesis of ISP and Holarchical Development

(ISP) and the Holarchical Drives are linked with the static-dynamic duality.

Dualities Dynamic-Static

Dynamic Dualities Static Dualities(subject-object interaction) <-> (subject-object embeddedness) interiorization-exteriorization <-> interior-exteriorinternalization-externalization <-> internal-externalindividuation-collectivization <-> individual-collectivepositive-negative <-> health-pathologyascension-descension <-> higher-lower

Kosmic Habits Vs. Holarchical Field Action(Bowman, 2012b, JITP)

Wilber’s Kosmic GroovesLevel specific behavior = prob (past expression of holon,

historical time of level)

prob (Amber Agent Behavior | in Irag or Finland)?Differences in AQAL unexamined surface features

In Holarchial Filed Action, the object environment becomes criticalAmber agent as subject recives drives from environment

Deeply included in Finland by zone?Unhealthily fragmented in Irag by zone?

testable

Integral Mathematics Vs. HFT(Bowman, 2012b, JITP)

Subject enacts objectNo drives from object to subject examined (unlike HFT)

Only a primary method is specified (unlike HFT)

Internal = Interior: (Reductionism)

Wilber’s (2000b, p. 84) Integral Politics [underlines are mine]: 

“when it comes to the cause of human suffering, liberals tend to believe in exterior causes, whereas conservatives tend to believe in interior causes. That is, if an individual is suffering, the typical liberal tends to blame external social institutions (if you are poor it is because you are oppressed by society), whereas the typical conservative tends to blame internal factors (you are poor because you are lazy).

Integral Political-Economic Field Theory(Bowman, Book in Progress)

Integral Political Economy Embedded in HFT

Economist, Economics, andEconomy

Forming actual and potential fields

Object

Method

Subject

Economist

Economics

Economy

Object Economy: By Metatheoretical Orientation of Mainstream Principles Method

The Value Failures

Private Markets

The Government

Hard budget constraint. Competitive allocation of scarce resource/funds.Invisible HandNew product development including financial innovation.Cost reductions within firms.

Externalities.Borrowing constraints for education.Financial contamination.Short-term incentives & inattention to aggregate risk.Anti-competitive consolidation.Rent-seeking.

Taxing negative externalities and natural resources.Subsidizing positive externalitiesPublic goods provision.Inflation-output monitoring.Regulation of excessive risk Financial education. Antitrust regulation.Deposit insurance

Special interest persuasion.Logrolling.Moral hazard.Pandering populism.Imperfect modeling of economy.Soft budget constraint.

Subject Economist: Political-Economic Types

The Value Failures

Private Markets

The Government

Conservatives

Radicals

Liberals

Subject Economist (cont.)Political-Economic Understanding as a

Learning Line of Development.... with Types

Conservative Liberal Radical

Immature

Deregulate always Always cut taxesTypically sees no role for government except protect private property

= Fundamentalist Conservative

May advocate revolutionFavors one change as a panacea (examples: communism or anarchy)Does not honor the partial validity of the modern system

= Militant or Utopian Radical

Fix prices to help us (or poor) now with no regard to unintended consequencesProfit incentive has no valueNo acknowledgment of government failures

= Naive Liberal

Subject Economist (cont.)Political-Economic Understanding as a

Learning Line of Development with Types

Conservative Liberal Radical

SophisticatedMarkets are often efficient Some market failures existGovernment policies often make matters worseOpen to less distorting public corrective measures

Emphasizes market failures Acknowledges failed liberal policies of the pastSees development as not occurring without sound public corrective measures and investment

Market and government failures are interrelated Recognizes unhealthy aspects of industrial democraciesNeed co-created evolution to a new stage of economic development.

Subject Economist: Political-Economic Understanding as a

Learning Line of Development

Lower/Less Healthy: Immature Agents

Recognize only within their ovals.

Higher/Healthier: Sophisticated Agents

Acknowledge all 4 areas, butemphasize their own ovals

Types Conservative Liberal Radical Level

MiltonFriedman

J. Buchanan

Glen Beck

Rush Limbaugh

Elements of Tea Party

JosephStiglitz

A. Sen

MichaelMoore

Elements of Occupy Wall Street

D. Gordon(SSATheorist)

Stakeholder Balance & Maturity

Polar Revolutionaries:Communist/Anarchist

Elements of TeaParty and Occupy Wall Street

(Economy) Economics [Economist] By Political-Economic Types

Sophisticated conservative concern of unintended consequences of naïve liberal reform seen by...

Two Subject Economists Enacting Each Other As Partial Objects

The Immature-Sophisticated Fallacy

naïve liberal as selfish defense of the privileged business class.

Naïve Liberal ElevatesOneself

The Financial Crisis is used as evidence that any government intervention is justified because the failures of the neoliberal paradigm.

Reductionism Elevationism

The Sophisticated Conservative Reduced to Fundamentalist by Naive Liberal

Two Subject Economists Enacting Each Other As Partial Object

The Immature-Sophisticated Fallacy

Fundamentalist Conservative ElevatesOneself

Neoliberal paradigm justified by universalizing the assumptions of perfect competition and the falling of communism.

Reductionism Elevationism

Sophisticated liberal desire to regulate a market failure seen by...

immature conservative as ignorant encroachment on freedom and the right to pursue prosperity.

The Sophisticated Liberal Reduced toNaïve by Fundamentalist Conservative

Either a sophisticated conservative emphasis on market resource allocation or sophisticated liberal approach to improve market allocations

may be met by....

Two Subject Economists Enacting Each Other As Partial ObjectsThe Immature-Sophisticated Fallacy

a militant radical as unwitting support of corrupt elites preventing the natural overthrow of the status quo.

A utopian radical elevates oneself to sophisticated

The recurrence of bubbles is used to justify the abolition of the fractional reserve system without engaging the scholarly

literature on this issue.

Elevationism

Reductionism

The Sophisticated Conservative or Liberal Reduced to Immature by Militant Radical

Two Subject Economists Enacting Each Other As Partial ObjectsThe Immature-Sophisticated Fallacy

Sophisticated radical critique of policy formed by mutually reinforcing self interests of political and business leaders assumed to be...

motivated to implement communism or anarchy by the fundamentalist conservative or naive liberal.

Reductionism

Immature Liberals and Conservatives Elevate Themselves

Communism used by Immature RightUnhealthy Hierarchies used by Immature Left

Against Holarchical Stage Theories of Economic Development

The Sophisticated Radical Reduced to Militant by Fundamentalist Conservative or Naive Liberal

Elevationism

U.S. Stakeholder Deflections

Deflections of blame using immature arguments

Incentivized by holarchical

embeddedness

Game Theory Showing Pathology Vs. Healthy Cultural Capital:Game 1 - Two egoists and their short-term payoffs

Sup-optimal Nash Equilibrium

Immature Liberalism use to justify S2 for LImmature Conservatism can justify S2. for H.Both support their preferred beggar-thy-neighbor policies

Game2: Two cooperators and their short-term payoffs

Optimal Nash Equilibrium

S1 of each supported by economic theory and evidence.

Net benefits are even greater in the long-run.

Game 3: A low-skilled cooperator and a high-skilled egoist and their short-term payoffs

Sup-optimal Nash Equilibrium

If cooperation is conditional for L and the game is repeated:L loses value attached to cooperating and the game reverts to Game 1

Example: Considered impolite to talk politics in new social situations:=> unable to have mature disagreements in this area

Habermas’s definition of social pathologies:social pathologies occur when one of his specified rationalization complexes are not cultivated to the same degree as the others…

or when learning in one is not allowed to interact with learning in another complex (Ingram 2010, p. 319)

Collective Political-Economic Pathology

U.S.: IQ increased 3 points per decade (Flynn, 2011)U.S. Presidential Debates less scientific since 1960 in economic realm not

others (Gorton and Diels, 2011)

Bhaskar (1993): The neoliberal triumphalism is a regression in the philosophical discourse of modernity. (IPE: liberal postmodernity provided no alternative beyond welfare capitalism and bubbles bought off liberals.

A strongly averted or overly critical response to sophisticated or opposing views may be indicative of shadow projections.

As the science mounts that the environmental, financial, and distributional trends are not sustainable….

the more entrenched the shadow becomes if ego does not wish to admit the need to change behaviors.

Collective Political-Economic Pathology

Rather than seeing popular pressures for sensible reformin response to status-quo gridlock and polarization:

The immature aspects of the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street stretch us further to the less developed extremes.

Denmark ‘s Economic TransformationCampbell and Pedersen, 2010; Monica Prasad, 2008; Dougherty, 2008)

• Late 1980s/early ‘90s, lackluster performance

• Since then, considerable improvement in all major macro indicators with low inequality.

• Plus 15% reduction of carbon emissions from 1990 to 2005.

• Financial Crisis effects due more to international contamination. Its sound underwriting standards minimized adverse effects.

Denmark ‘s ReformsCampbell and Pedersen (2010)

• “Flexicurity” (flexible but secure)Firms free to hire and fire

(unlike in Germany or France, but like US), but…

• Continued with generous safety net, but tied them to job seeking and the benefit levels reduced.

• Early ‘90s, new and generous retraining benefits. I increased demand for good programs in already strong

vocational education system.(In contrast to U.S. disqualified students for unemployment benefits and Germany only retrained existing workers)

• Institutional decentralization. Retraining programs tailored at the local level to fit the needs of local

employers.

Political-Economic Discourse

• Decentralized negotiations among: unions, employer groups, municipal authorities, educators, and other

relevant actors at the regional and local level

U.S.: Pathology in the Poly-Econ Line – capable of doing better but unhealthy cultural capital leads to suboptimal outcomes.As financial and enviro liabilities mount, the system got more

dysfunctional and polarized to avoid needed changes

Supports IPE theory:• Stakeholder representation , • Validation of claims using sound theory and evidence. • Healthy communication (high level cultural capital ) for policies that help in the

transformation to a more mature informational economy.•Results in greater cultural capital to reach the optimal Prisoner’s Dilemma

outcome.