“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” · PDF file“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” LNG Bunkering Singapore, ... 30,000 m³

“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures”

LNG Bunkering

Singapore, 26th June 2013

Content

• Short Company Introduction

• LNG basics

• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks

• Bunker supply chain

• LNG fuel gas systems

• Conclusions

LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013 2

TGE Company Profile

‘TGE Marine is a long established market leader in the design and construction of

cargo handling systems for ships and offshore units carrying liquefied

cryogenic gases

(LNG, LPG and petrochemical gases)’

• Personnel: approx. 65 engineers & specialists plus temporary staff

• Main Office: Mildred-Scheel-Str. 1, 53175 Bonn, Germany

• Branch Office in Shanghai, China


Cargo handling systems and cargo tanks for Gas Carriers

• LPG carriers, CO2 carriers

• Ethylene carriers

• LNG carriers

Cargo handling systems for Offshore units

• FSO/FPSO for LPG

• FSRU and FPSO for LNG

• CO2 liquefaction, storage and offloading units

Business activities and expertise

LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013

TGE Company Profile

4

Fuel Gas Systems for seagoing vessels

• Fuel gas supply systems

• Fuel gas tanks

• RoRo, Container, Ferries, …

• Bunker Barges, Bunker Boats


TGE Company Profile

5 Cooperation with IPP/Technolog

Content


• LNG basics




• Conclusions



LNG Basics

7

• Water boiling at atmospheric pressure: 100 °C

• LNG boiling at atmospheric pressure: about -163 °C

• Higher pressure increases boiling temperature for both (pressure & temperature always related to each other)


LNG Basics

8

Case\%mole Methane Ethane Propane Butane Nitrogen Pentane+

1 88,4436 8,7027 2,4287 0,0506 0,3542 0,0202

2 91,23 4,3 2,95 1,4 0,12 0

3 90,4271 5,2016 2,8008 1,5004 0,07 0

4 97,7 1,8 0,22 0,2 0,08 0

5 84,8215 13,3887 1,3399 0,28 0,17 0

6 93,4 6,5 0,1 0 0 0

7 97,2 2,3 0,3 0,2 0 0

8 91,0991 5,5106 2,4802 0,88 0,03 0

9 89,3747 7,1436 2,2211 1,1706 0,08 0,01

10 99,7003 0,0999 0 0,1 0,0999 0

IGF Example 89,4895 6,3063 2,8028 1,3014 0,0501 0,0501

Influence on density, temperature, heat value, Methane number

Content



• LNG basics




• Conclusions


19-May-2010 „Coral Methane“ loading at Zeebrugge, First loading of a small carrier at a large import terminal.

Small LNG Carriers

10


• Up to 8,000 cbm per tank cylindrical tanks

• Up to 15,000 cbm bilobe tanks (patented supports)

• Ship sizes up to 50,000 cbm have been studied

• Tank pressure 2.7 to 4.0 barg

• BOG handling by pressure increase or fuel gas consumption

• Combined carriers (LPG/Ethylene/LNG)

Small LNG Carriers

11


• Membrane tanks embedded in ship structure

• Independent types IMO A,B and C

• Type A (prismatic) and B (prismatic, spherical …), typically low pressure

• Type C (cylindrical, bilobe), pressure vessel & crack propagation, proven system easy to build and operate

LNG tank systems

12

Why using type C tanks for small/medium LNG carriers?

• Current designs from 1,000 to 50,000 m³

• IMO type C to allow for:

• partial loading • no secondary barrier • High loading/discharge rates • Pressure build-up possible • Separate construction and easy installation • Multiple cargoes • wide range of volume per single tank

• Flexibility in BOG handling:

• Dual fuel propulsion • pressure build-up • reliquefaction

• Arrangement to fit small and large terminals


Small LNG Carriers


Tank Insulation

• Vacuum insulation for small cylindrical tanks (mainly fuel tanks)

• PS or PU preformed slabs covered by steel sheets, allow for conical and bilobe shapes

• PU foam covered by polymeric protection layer

• Special panels for increased insulation efficiency

• Choice depending on requirements (operation/consumption schedule, possible tank shape)

LNG tank insulation

14


Content

15


• LNG basics




• Conclusions


30,000 m³ LNG FSRU / floating bunker hub - Feed study

Bunker supply infrastructure

16

• Trucks

• Feeder Vessels (small/medium LNGC/ATB)

• Hub Terminals (on-/offshore)

• Bunker Vessels

• Bunker Terminals

• Mobile Tanks

• Today‘s bunkering: “truck and hose“ solutions

• Requirements for future operations:

• High loading rates due to tight time schedule

• Large total amount of LNG for larger vessels

• Safe but easy handling of heavy equipment

• Dry-break emergency couplings

• Bunkering during cargo operations

• This will only be possible with bunker vessels coming alongside or dedicated bunker terminal for some ship types (tankers)

• Regulations and standards for the bunker interface and related operations are currently being prepared by several international working groups => ISO/OGP specification is online

LNG Bunkering


LNG Bunkering

Open items to be covered:

• interface definition: Dry break, quick connect couplings, standard?

• vapour return as standard?

• SIMOPS: Bunkering LNG in parallel with cargo handling

• data interface: ESD shore connection like LNGC, further info like pumping rate, tank level/pressure…

• measurement of quantity and quality (heat value, Methane number)

• Inerting – where does Nitrogen come from, where does gas mix go to? No venting!

• Additional services: heel out & warm up of tanks, inerting & purging of tanks


Content



• LNG basics




• Conclusions

Auxiliary systems:

• Water-glycol heating system

• Inert gas system

• Vent / ventilation

• Valve remote operation

• Safety systems

• Automation & control

Containment system (Tank)

Bunker connection

Supply to engines

Master gas fuel valve

Fuel gas conditioning (pump, vaporizer…)

LNG fuel gas systems – basic components


• Focus on ECA/SECA areas like North Sea, Baltic & North America

• Tank space is a challenge for designers to reduce loss of cargo space

• relatively easy for tanker/chemical or gas carrier on open deck, also retrofit

• small container feeder: first bay in front of bridge loosing cargo space

• medium size container vessel: first bay or open deck aft of accomodation

• large container vessel (two island): below accommodation block?

• ferry/cruise liner: below deck following B/5 restriction

• RoRo/RoPax: mobile tanks, esp. for retrofits

RoRo-Vessel with mobile fuel gas supply – Design Study Flensburger Schiffbau, MAN, TGE

LNG fuel gas systems – basic aspects


• Highly-efficient vacuum insulation

• Equipment inside “cold box”

• Bottom outlet to feed tank vaporizer

• Tank operation pressure 6 to 8 barg

• Tank design pressure 8 to 10 barg

LNG fuel gas systems – vacuum tank with “cold box”

Source: Cryo AB


• Type C single shell foam insulated tank

• Bilobe or conical shape possible

• Pump inside, all outlets on top

• Tank operation pressure 0 to 3 barg

• Tank design pressure about 4 barg

• Equipment in ventilated processing room in

flexible arrangement

LNG fuel gas systems – basic TGE system


• 2 stroke DF engines (Diesel cycle) require

high injection pressure (150 – 300 barg)

• HP pumps and HP heater

• Tank design pressure 4 barg

• Low pressure consumer available?

• Booster pump inside tank also for supply to

aux. engines

LNG fuel gas systems – two stroke engines


Content



• LNG basics




• Conclusions

• LNG as fuel is an environmentally friendly and commercially attractive way of

ship’s propulsion

• Technical solutions for LNG supply infrastructure and on-board storage and

processing are available

• Small LNG carriers are part of an existing and quick developing market, driven by

LNG supply to remote areas and LNG as ships fuel

• Excellent safety record of LNG business and proven safety systems are limiting

risks – if correctly applied and executed also to the LNG as fuel market!

• Development of bunkering infrastructure and regulatory framework is the main

challenge

CONCLUSIONS


For further information please email:

[email protected]

Jürgen Harperscheidt

Sales Manager

www.tge-marine.com

mailto:[email protected]



http://www.tge-marine.com/






Documents

“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” · PDF file“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” LNG Bunkering Singapore, ... 30,000 m³