Kcgg Kceg Manual

Service Manual

Types KCGG 122, 142,KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242 and

KCEU 142, 242Overcurrent and Directional Overcurrent

Relays

HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

A person's normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of several thousand volts.Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices when handling electronic circuits can causeserious damage, which often may not be immediately apparent but the reliability of the circuit will havebeen reduced.

The electronic circuits of ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd products are immune to the relevant levelsof electrostatic discharge when housed in their cases. Do not expose them to the risk of damage bywithdrawing modules unnecessarily.

Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductor devices. However, if itbecomes necessary to withdraw a module, the following precautions should be taken to preserve the highreliability and long life for which the equipment has been designed and manufactured.

1. Before removing a module, ensure that you are at the same electrostatic potential as the equipmentby touching the case.

2. Handle the module by its front-plate, frame, or edges of the printed circuit board.Avoid touching the electronic components, printed circuit track or connectors.

3. Do not pass the module to any person without first ensuring that you are both at the sameelectrostatic potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.

4. Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface which is at the samepotential as yourself.

5. Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.

More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can be found in BS5783 andIEC 60147-0F.

If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of an equipment in service, it ispreferable that you are earthed to the case with a conductive wrist strap.Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k 10M ohms. If a wrist strap is notavailable, you should maintain regular contact with the case to prevent the build up of static.Instrumentation which may be used for making measurements should be earthed to the case wheneverpossible.

ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd strongly recommends that detailed investigations on the electroniccircuitry, or modification work, should be carried out in a Special Handling Area such as described inBS5783 or IEC 60147-0F.

Service Manual


KCEU 142, 242Overcurrent and

Directional Overcurrent Relays


KCEU 142, 242Overcurrent and

Directional Overcurrent Relays

Service Manual

R8551D

SERVICE MANUAL R8551DKCGG 122, 142 ContentsKCEG 112, 142, 152, 242KCEU 142, 242

SAFETY SECTION

THIS MUST BE READ BEFORE ANY WORK IS CARRIED OUT ON THE RELAY

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 2 HANDLING AND INSTALLATION

CHAPTER 3 RELAY DESCRIPTION

CHAPTER 4 APPLICATION OF PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

CHAPTER 5 MEASUREMENT AND RECORDS

CHAPTER 6 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS

CHAPTER 7 TECHNICAL DATA

CHAPTER 8 COMMISSIONING

APPENDIX 1 RELAY CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

APPENDIX 2 LOGIC DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX 3 CONNECTION DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX 4 COMMISSIONING TEST RECORD

Page 2

SAFETY SECTION

This Safety Section should be read before commencing any work onthe equipment.

Health and safety

The information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended toensure that products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain themin a safe condition. It is assumed that everyone who will be associated with theequipment will be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.

Explanation of symbols and labels

The meaning of symbols and labels which may be used on the equipment or in theproduct documentation, is given below.

Caution: refer to product documentation Caution: risk of electric shock

Protective/safety *earth terminal

Functional *earth terminal.Note: this symbol may also be used for a protective/safety earth terminal if that terminal is part of aterminal block or sub-assembly eg. power supply.

*Note: The term earth used throughout the product documentation is the directequivalent of the North American term ground.

Installing, Commissioning and ServicingEquipment connections

Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on thisequipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety.The product documentation should be consulted before installing, commissioning orservicing the equipment.

Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance maypresent a hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.

If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by allpersonnel to avoid electric shock or energy hazards.

Voltage and current connections should be made using insulated crimpterminations to ensure that terminal block insulation requirements are maintainedfor safety. To ensure that wires are correctly terminated, the correct crimp terminaland tool for the wire size should be used.

Page 3

Before energising the equipment it must be earthed using the protective earthterminal, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of plugconnected equipment. Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause asafety hazard.

The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5 mm2, unless otherwise stated inthe technical data section of the product documentation.

Before energising the equipment, the following should be checked:

Voltage rating and polarity;

CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;

Protective fuse rating;

Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)

Equipment operating conditions

The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical andenvironmental limits.

Current transformer circuits

Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high voltage producedmay be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.

External resistors

Where external resistors are fitted to relays, these may present a risk of electricshock or burns, if touched.

Battery replacement

Where internal batteries are fitted they should be replaced with the recommendedtype and be installed with the correct polarity, to avoid possible damage to theequipment.

Insulation and dielectric strength testing

Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At theend of each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, todischarge capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.

Insertion of modules and pcb cards

These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whilst it is energised,since this may result in damage.

Fibre optic communication

Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be vieweddirectly. Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or signallevel of the device.

Page 4

Older ProductsElectrical adjustments

Equipments which require direct physical adjustments to their operating mechanismto change current or voltage settings, should have the electrical power removedbefore making the change, to avoid any risk of electric shock.

Mechanical adjustments

The electrical power to the relay contacts should be removed before checking anymechanical settings, to avoid any risk of electric shock.

Draw out case relays

Removal of the cover on equipment incorporating electromechanical operatingelements, may expose hazardous live parts such as relay contacts.

Insertion and withdrawal of extender cards

When using an extender card, this should not be inserted or withdrawn from theequipment whilst it is energised. This is to avoid possible shock or damagehazards. Hazardous live voltages may be accessible on the extender card.

Insertion and withdrawal of heavy current test plugs

When using a heavy current test plug, CT shorting links must be in place beforeinsertion or removal, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.

Decommissioning and Disposal

Decommissioning: The auxiliary supply circuit in the relay may includecapacitors across the supply or to earth. To avoid electricshock or energy hazards, after completely isolating thesupplies to the relay (both poles of any dc supply), thecapacitors should be safely discharged via the externalterminals prior to decommissioning.

Disposal: It is recommended that incineration and disposal to watercourses is avoided. The product should be disposed of in asafe manner. Any products containing batteries should havethem removed before disposal, taking precautions to avoidshort circuits. Particular regulations within the country ofoperation, may apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.

Page 5

Technical SpecificationsProtective fuse rating

The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for thisequipment is 16A, Red Spot type or equivalent, unless otherwise stated in thetechnical data section of the product documentation.

Insulation class: IEC 61010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 This equipment requires aClass I protective (safety) earthEN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 connection to ensure userClass I safety.

Installation IEC 61010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 Distribution level, fixedCategory Category III installation. Equipment in(Overvoltage): EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 this category is qualification

Category III tested at 5kV peak,1.2/50s, 500, 0.5J,between all supply circuitsand earth and also betweenindependent circuits.

Environment: IEC 61010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 Compliance is demonstratedPollution degree 2 by reference to genericEN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 safety standards.Pollution degree 2

Product safety: 73/23/EEC Compliance with theEuropean Commission LowVoltage Directive.

EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 Compliance is demonstratedEN 60950: 1992/A11: 1997 by reference to generic

safety standards.

Page 6



RelaysService Manual

Chapter 1Introduction

SERVICE MANUAL R8551DKCGG 122, 142, Chapter 1KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242, ContentsKCEU 142, 242

1. INTRODUCTION 12. USING THE MANUAL 13. AN INTRODUCTION TO K RELAYS 24. MODELS AVAILABLE 35. AVAILABILITY OF MAIN FEATURES 4

SERVICE MANUAL R8551DKCGG 122, 142, Chapter 1KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242, Page 1 of 4KCEU 142, 242

Section 1. INTRODUCTION

The K Range of overcurrent and directional overcurrent relays has beenrationalised and additional features have been added to the individual relays towiden their application. Some menu cell locations have changed to accommodatethe new features and so setting files that have been generated for the series 1relays to suit particular applications may need some small modification before theycan be used with the new K Range series 2. However, the menu locations formeasured values and other data that is accessed by SCADA equipment retain theiroriginal locations. Hence the changes should be transparent to mostcommunication interfaces that may have been developed.

Manual R8501 should be used for K Range series 1 relays.

This manual details the menu, functions and logic for the K Range series 2 relays.

Section 2. USING THE MANUAL

This manual provides a description of the K Range series 2 overcurrent anddirectional overcurrent range of protection relays. It is intended to guide the userthrough application, installation, setting and commissioning of the relays.

The manual has the following format:

Chapter 1. Introduction

An introduction on how to use this manual and a generalintroduction to the relays covered by the manual.

Chapter 2. Handling and installation

Precautions to be taken when handling electronic equipment

Chapter 3. Relay description

A detailed description of features that are common to allK Range series 2 relays.

Chapter 4. Application of protection functions

An introduction to the applications of the relays and specialfeatures provided.

Chapter 5. Measurements and records

How to customise the measurements and use the recording features.

Chapter 6. Serial communications

Hints on using the serial communication feature.

Chapter 7. Technical data

Comprehensive details on the ratings, setting ranges andspecifications etc.

Chapter 8. Commissioning

A guide to commissioning, problem solving and maintenance.

Appendix Appendices include relay characteristic curves, logic diagrams,connection diagrams and commissioning test records.


Section 3. AN INTRODUCTION TO K RELAYS

The K Range of protection relays brings numerical technology to the successfulMidos range of protection relays. Fully compatible with the existing designs andsharing the same modular housing concept, the relays offer more comprehensiveprotection for demanding applications.

Each relay includes an extensive range of control and data gathering functions toprovide a completely integrated system of protection, control, instrumentation, datalogging, fault, event and disturbance recording. The relays have a user-friendly 32character liquid crystal display (LCD) with 4 push buttons which allow menunavigation and setting changes. Also, by utilising the simple 2-wire communicationlink, all of the relay functions can be read, reset and changed on demand from alocal or remote personal computer (PC) loaded with the relevant software.

With enhanced versatility, reduced maintenance requirements and low burdens,K Range relays provide a more advanced solution to power system protection.The K Range series 2 relays have new features that are additional to those foundon series 1 relays. The additional functions include:

Protection thermal, underfrequency, broken conductor detection, rectifierprotection and improved undervoltage

Measurement thermal ammeters, single phase W and VAR

Logic improved logic flexibility

Recording additional methods of resetting the disturbance recorder, triggeringthe disturbance recorder from the logic inputs, thresholds on circuitbreaker maintenance counter and contact arcing duty plus 5 fullfault records.

KCGG relays provide overcurrent and earth fault protection for power distributionsystems, industrial power systems and all other applications where overcurrentprotection is required. The relays are used in applications where time gradedovercurrent and earth fault protection is required. The earth fault protectionprovides suitable sensitivity for most systems where the earth fault current is limited.

KCEG relays provide directional overcurrent and earth fault protection.The overcurrent elements can be selectively directionalised, making the relays acost effective option where both directional and non-directional protection isrequired. The sensitivity of earth fault protection has been increased to cover mostapplications. The earth fault protection provides suitable sensitivity for most systemswhere the earth fault current is limited.

KCEU relays provide directional overcurrent and sensitive wattmetric earth faultprotection for systems which are earthed through a Petersen coil.

Integral features in K Range relays include circuit breaker failure protection, backtripping, blocked overcurrent protection for feeders or busbars, cold load pick-upfacilities, load shedding capabilities and two alternative groups of predeterminedsettings. The relays also have integral serial communication facilities via K-Bus.


Section 4. MODELS AVAILABLE

The following list of models is covered by this manual

KCGG 122 One phase overcurrent and earth fault relay

KCGG 142 01 Three phase overcurrent and earth fault relay

KCGG 142 02 Three phase overcurrent and earth fault relay with reduced I/O

KCEG 112 Directional earth fault

KCEG 142 Directional three phase overcurrent and directional earth fault relay

KCEG 152 Three phase overcurrent relay and directional earth fault relay

KCEG 242 Directional three phase overcurrent and directional earth fault relay

KCEU 142 Directional three phase overcurrent and wattmetric sensitive earthfault relay

KCEU 242 Directional three phase overcurrent and wattmetric sensitive earthfault relay

Note: The 100 series of relays are powered by a DC/AC auxiliarysupply. The 200 series of relays are dual powered, ie. poweredby a DC/AC auxiliary supply or from the current transformercircuit in the absence of an auxiliary supply.

K Range series 2 relay Equivalent K Range series 1 relays

KCGG 122 KCGG 110, KCGU 110

KCGG 142 KCGG 120, KCGG 130, KCGG 140, KCGU 140

KCEG 112 KCEG 110, KCEU 110

KCEG 142 KCEG 130, KCEG 140, KCEU 140

KCEG 152 KCEG 150, KCEU 150, KCEG 160, KCEU 160

KCEG 242 KCGG/KCEG 210, KCGG/KCEG 230,KCGG/KCEG 250, KCGG/KCGU 240,KCEG/KCEU 240

KCEU 142 KCEU 141

KCEU 242 KCEU 241

Table of equivalence between K Range series 1 and series 2 relays


Section 5. AVAILABILITY OF MAIN FEATURES

The following table lists the features that vary between models

Feature KCGG KCGG KCGG KCEG KCEG KCEG KCEG KCEU KCEU122 142 01 142 02* 112 142 152 242 142 242

Protection

Overcurrent l l l l l l l lEarth fault l l l l l l l l lDirectional overcurrent l l l lDirectional earth fault l l l l l lUnderfrequency l l l l lUndervoltage l l l lThermal overload l l l l l l l lWattmetric l lMeasurement

Frequency l l l l l l lCurrent l l l l l l l l lVoltage l l l lSingle phase power l lThree phase power l l l lThermal ammeter(s) l l l l l l l lThermal demand(s) l l l l l l l lThermal state l l l l l l l lCB operations l l l l l l l l lCB contact duty l l l l l l l lProgrammable Inputs/Outputs

Logic inputs 3 8 3 3 8 8 8 8 8

Output relays 4 8 4 4 8 8 8 8 8

* The fully functionality KCGG 142 01 relay is also available as a KCGG 142 02with reduced I/O.




Chapter 2Handling and Installation

SERVICE MANUAL R8551CKCGG 122, 142 Chapter 2KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242 ContentsKCEU 142, 242

1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 11.1 Receipt of relays 11.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 12. HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT 13. RELAY MOUNTING 24. UNPACKING 25. STORAGE 3

SERVICE MANUAL R8551CKCGG 122, 142 Chapter 2KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242 Page 1 of 3KCEU 142, 242

Section 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

1.1 Receipt of relays

Protective relays, although generally of robust construction, require carefultreatment prior to installation on site. Upon receipt, relays should be examinedimmediately to ensure no damage has been sustained in transit. If damage hasbeen sustained during transit a claim should be made to the transport contractorand ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd should be promptly notified.

Relays that are supplied unmounted and not intended for immediate installationshould be returned to their protective polythene bags.

1.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

The relays use components that are sensitive to electrostatic discharges.The electronic circuits are well protected by the metal case and the internal moduleshould not be withdrawn unnecessarily. When handling the module outside itscase, care should be taken to avoid contact with components and electricalconnections. If removed from the case for storage, the module should be placed inan electrically conducting antistatic bag.

There are no setting adjustments within the module and it is advised that it is notunnecessarily disassembled. Although the printed circuit boards are pluggedtogether, the connectors are a manufacturing aid and not intended for frequentdismantling; in fact considerable effort may be required to separate them. Touchingthe printed circuit board should be avoided, since complementary metal oxidesemiconductors (CMOS) are used, which can be damaged by static electricitydischarged from the body.

Section 2. HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

A persons normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of severalthousand volts. Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices whenhandling electronic circuits can cause serious damage, which often may not beimmediately apparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been reduced.

The electronic circuits are completely safe from electrostatic discharge whenhoused in the case. Do not expose them to risk of damage by withdrawingmodules unnecessarily.

Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductordevices. However, if it becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the folowingprecautions should be taken to preserve the high reliability and long life for whichthe equipment has been designed and manufactured.

1. Before removing a module, ensure that you are at the same electrostaticpotential as the equipment by touching the case.

2. Handle the module by its frontplate, frame or edges of the printed circuit board.Avoid touching the electronic componenets, printed circuit track or connectors.

3. Do not pass the module to another person without first ensuring you are both atthe same electrostatic potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.


4. Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface which isat the same potential as yourself.

5. Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.

If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of anequipment in service, it is preferable that you are earthed to the case with aconductive wrist strap. Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between500k 10M.If a wrist strap is not available you should maintain regular contact with the case toprevent a build-up of static. Instrumentation which may be used for makingmeasurements should be earthed to the case whenever possible.

More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can befound in BS5783 and IEC 60147-OF. It is strongly recommended that detailedinvestigations on electronic circuitry or modification work should be carried out ina special handling area such as described in the above-mentioned BS and IECdocuments.

Section 3. RELAY MOUNTING

Relays are dispatched either individually or as part of a panel/rack assembly.If loose relays are to be assembled into a scheme, then construction details can befound in Publication R7012. If an MMLG test block is to be included it should bepositioned at the right-hand side of the assembly (viewed from the front). Modulesshould remain protected by their metal case during assembly into a panel or rack.The design of the relay is such that the fixing holes are accessible without removalof the cover. For individually mounted relays an outline diagram is normallysupplied showing the panel cut-outs and hole centres. These dimensions will alsobe found in Publication R6551.

Section 4. UNPACKING

Care must be taken when unpacking and installing the relays so that none of theparts is damaged or the settings altered. Relays must only be handled by skilledpersons. The installation should be clean, dry and reasonably free from dust andexcessive vibration. The site should be well lit to facilitate inspection. Relays thathave been removed from their cases should not be left in situations where they areexposed to dust or damp. This particularly applies to installations which are beingcarried out at the same time as construction work.


Section 5. STORAGE

If relays are not to be installed immediately upon receipt they should be stored in aplace free from dust and moisture in their original cartons. Where de-humidifierbags have been included in the packing they should be retained. The action of thede-humidifier crystals will be impaired if the bag has been exposed to ambientconditions and may be restored by gently heating the bag for about an hour, priorto replacing it in the carton.

Dust which collects on a carton may, on subsequent unpacking, find its way intothe relay; in damp conditions the carton and packing may become impregnatedwith moisture and the de-humifier will lose its efficiency.

Storage temperature 25C to +70C.




Chapter 3Relay Description

SERVICE MANUAL R8551DKCGG 122, 142 Chapter 3KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242 ContentsKCEU 142, 242

1. RELAY DESCRIPTION 12. USER INTERFACE 22.1 Frontplate layout 22.2 LED indications 32.3 Keypad 32.4 Liquid crystal display 32.5 Flag display format 33. MENU SYSTEM 53.1 Default display 53.2 Accessing the menu 53.3 Menu contents 63.4 Menu columns 63.5 System data 73.6 Fault records 83.7 Measurements 1 83.8 Measurements 2 83.9 Measurements 3 93.10 Earth fault 1 93.11 Phase fault 1 103.12 Earth fault 2 113.13 Phase fault 2 123.14 Logic 133.15 Input masks 143.16 Relay masks 143.17 Recorder 154. CHANGING TEXT AND SETTINGS 174.1 Quick guide to menu controls 174.2 To enter setting mode 184.3 To escape from the setting mode 184.4 To accept the new setting 184.5 Password protection 194.6 Entering passwords 194.7 Changing passwords 194.8 Restoration of password protection 204.9 Entering text 204.10 Changing function links 204.11 Changing setting values 204.12 Setting communication address 214.13 Setting input masks 214.14 Setting output masks 214.15 Resetting values and records 214.16 Resetting trip LED indication 22


5. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS 225.1 Auxiliary supply 235.2 Dual powered relays 235.3 Logic control inputs 235.4 Analogue inputs 245.5 Output relays 255.6 Ouput relay minimum dwell time 255.7 Setting the relay with a PC or laptop 256. ALARM FLAGS 25

Figure 1. Frontplate layout 2Figure 2. Flag display format 4

SERVICE MANUAL R8551DKCGG 122, 142 Chapter 3KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242 Page 1 of 26KCEU 142, 242

Section 1. RELAY DESCRIPTION

The KCGG, KCEG and KCEU relays use numerical techniques to derive protectionand control functions. They can have up to eight multiplexed analogue inputs,sampled eight times per power frequency cycle. The Fourier derived powerfrequency component returns the rms value of the measured quantity. To ensureoptimum performance, frequency tracking is used. The channel that is tracked ischosen on a priority basis, Va, Vb, Vc, Ia, Ib, Ic. Frequency tracking is notemployed on the residual voltage, or current to ensure the maximum harmonicrejection. In the absence of a signal to frequency track, the sampling frequencydefaults to the rated frequency of the power system.

Up to eight output relays can be programmed to respond to any of the protectionor control functions and up to eight logic inputs can be allocated to controlfunctions. The logic inputs are filtered to ensure that induced AC current in theexternal wiring to these inputs does not cause an incorrect response. Software linksfurther enable the user to customise the product for their own particularapplications. They select/interconnect the various protection and control elementsand replace the interconnections that were previously used between the cases ofrelays that provided discrete protection or control functions.

The relays are powered from either a DC or an AC auxiliary supply which istransformed by a wide ranging DC/DC converter within the relay. This providesthe electronic circuits with regulated and galvanically isolated supply rails.The power supply also provides a regulated and isolated field voltage to energisethe logic inputs.

The dual powered version of the relay draws its energising supply from the currenttransformers in the absence of an auxiliary voltage supply. This makes it suitablefor application where the auxiliary supply is not reliable or not available. They canbe used in shunt trip, capacitor discharge and AC series trip arrangements.

An interface on the front of the relay allows the user to navigate through the menuto access data, change settings and reset flags, etc. As an alternative the relayscan be connected to a computer via their serial communication ports and the menuaccessed on-line. This provides a more friendly and intuitive method of setting therelay, as it allows a whole column of data to be displayed at one time instead ofjust a single menu cell. Computer programs are also available that enable settingfiles to be generated off-line and these files can then be downloaded to the relayvia the serial port.

In addition to protection and control functions the relays can display all the valuesthat it measures and many additional ones that it calculates. They also store usefultime stamped data for post fault analysis in fault records, event records anddisturbance records. This data is available via a serial communication port foraccess locally and/or remotely with a computer. The fault records, event recordsand disturbance records can be extracted automatically via the serial port andvalues can be polled periodically to determine trends. Remote control actions canalso be made and to this end many K Range relays have been integrated intoSCADA systems.

K Range relays provide the user with the flexibility to customise the relay for theirparticular applications. They provide many additional features that would beexpensive to produce on an individual basis and, when the low installation costsare taken into account, it will be seen to provide an economic solution forprotection and control.


Section 2. USER INTERFACE

The front plate of the relay provides a man machine interface providing the userwith a means of entering settings to the relay displaying measured values, faultrecords and alarms. The series 2 relays have additional graphics to assist the user.The area in which the fault flags are displayed is divided up to denote the areaassociated with each phase and there is a marked position for the appropriatephase colours to be marked and for labels to be affixed to denote the use of thethree overcurrent stages and the three auxiliary timers.

2.1 Frontplate layout

F + 0

Relay types

Liquidcrystaldisplay

LED indicators

Ratings

Model number

Serial number

Digit identifiers

Entry keys

Hz110/125 V

Vn

KCGG142 KCGG14200102125No P967701

-

In 1 A V110 50/60V

STAGE 2STAGE 1

STAGE 3

ALARMALARM

AUX 2AUX 3

AUX 1

TRIP

* * *

GROUP

CAUX TIMER

EF D

FAULT NoSETTING

3C

AB 89 67 5 4

A B

12 0

HEALTHY

F n _ 2G2 A __ * B __ *B TAU X 2 C * NV , t>>, t>>>)associated with that phase (phase C in this example) and an asterisk (*) will bedisplayed for the stage or stages that have operated.

Thus:

C would indicate that a current above the I> setting had been detected bythe phase C element during the fault (START condition).

C* would indicate the first overcurrent stage (t>) had operated

C_* would indicate the second stage (t>>) had timed out

C__* would indicate t>>> had timed out third overcurrent stage

C*_* would indicate that both t> and t>>> had timed out

Flag information is similarly provided for the other two phases and for earth faults.

The six digits at the left-hand side of the display on the bottom line identify theauxiliary functions AUX1, AUX2, AUX3 as AUX123. Two printed panels below thedisplay may be used to indicate the function of each of the three auxiliary functionsand those of the three main overcurrent functions respectively. The appropriate pre-printed labels can be affixed in these two areas.


The two characters at the extreme right-hand end of the top line of the display willindicate V< when the undervoltage element has operated. Operation of thebreaker failure protection is indicated by the letter B and operation of the thermalelement by the letter T immediately below the V


should be depressed for one second. Section 4 gives instructions for changing thevarious types of settings.

Password protection is provided for the configuration settings of the relay becausean accidental change could seriously affect the ability of the relay to perform itsintended functions. Configuration settings include the selection of time curves,function links, CT and VT ratios, opto-input and relay output allocation. Individualprotection settings are protected from change when the relay cover is in place.

3.3 Menu contents

Related data and settings are grouped in separate columns of the menu.Each column has a text heading (in capital letters) that identifies the data containedin that column. Each cell may contain text, values, limits and/or a function.The cells are referenced by the column number/row number. For example 0201 iscolumn 02, row 01. When a cell is displayed the four characters at the top lefthand corner of the LCD indicate the column number and row number in the menutable.

The full menu is given in the following tables, but not all the items listed will beavailable in a particular relay. For example, a single pole earth fault relay wouldnot display any phase fault settings and a non-directional relay would not displayany settings associated with the directional feature. Those cells that do not provideany useful purpose are not made available in the factory configuration.Certain settings will disappear from the menu when the user de-selects them; thealternative setting group is a typical example. If group 2 settings have not beenenabled then the menu columns EARTH FLT 2 and PHASE FLT 2 will be hidden andmake them visible, the system data link SD4 must be set to 1. This note is includedat this time to explain why some of the items listed below may not appear in themenu for a relay that is being compared with the full list.

3.4 Menu columns

The menu tables shown below are for KCEG directional overcurrent and earth faultprotection relays, unless otherwise stated. The directional elements shown in themenu tables are not available in KCGG relays.Column Heading DescriptionNumber

00 SYSTEM DATA Settings and data for the system - relay andserial communications

01 FLT RECORDS Fault records for the last five faults

02 MEASURE 1 Directly measured quantities (V & I etc.)

03 MEASURE 2 Calculated quantities (W & VAR etc.)

04 MEASURE 3 Calculated (additional)

05 EARTH FLT 1 Earth fault protection settings group 1

06 PHASE FLT 1 Phase fault protection settings group 1

07 EARTH FLT 2 Earth fault protection settings group 2

08 PHASE FLT 2 Phase fault protection settings group 2

09 LOGIC Settings for miscellaneous functions usedin the logic

0A INPUT MASKS User assigned allocation of logic input


0B RELAY MASKS User assigned allocation of output relays

0C RECORDER Settings for the disturbance recorder

The menu cells that are read only are marked [READ].Cells that can be set are marked [SET].Cells that can be reset are marked [RESET].Cells that are password protected are marked [PWP].

3.5 System dataDisplay Status Description0000 SYSTEM DATA READ Column heading0002 Password PWP Password that must be entered before certain settings

may be changed0003 SD Links PWP Function links that enable the user to enable (activate)

the options required0 Rem ChgStg 1 = enable remote setting changes2 Rem CB Ctrl 1 = enable remote control of circuit breaker3 Rem ChgGrp 1 = enable remote change of setting group4 En Grp2 1 = enable group 2 settings to be used and

displayed5 Auto Flag 1 = enable flags to be reset automatically on load

restoration6 Auto Rec 1 = enable disturbance recorder to reset on load

restoration7 Log Evts 8 1 = enable logic inputs and output relay status to be

stored in event records8 Alt Rec Rst 1 = enable alternative reset method for disturbance

recorder0004 Description PWP Product description user programmable text0005 Plant PWP Plant reference user programmable text0006 Model READ Model number that defines the product0008 Serial No. READ Serial number unique number identifying the

particular product0009 Freq SET Default sampling frequency must be set to power

system frequency (not available on KCEU relays)000A Comms Level READ Indicates the Courier communication level supported

by the product000B Rly Address SET Communication address (1 to 255)000C Plnt Status READ Binary word used to indicate the status of circuit

breakers and isolators000D Ctrl Status READ Binary word used to indicate the status of control data000E Grp now READ Indicates the active setting group000F LS Stage READ Indicates the last received load shedding command0010 CB Control SET Indicates the status of the circuit breaker control0011 Software READ Software reference for the product0020 Log Status READ Indicates the current status of all the logic inputs0021 Rly Status READ Indicates the current status of the output relay drives0022 Alarms READ Indicates the current state of internal alarms0 Uncfg READ Error in factory configuration settings1 Uncalib READ Operating in uncalibrated state2 Setting READ Error detected in stored settings3 No Service READ Protection out-of-service and not functioning


4 No Samples READ No A/D samples but still in service5 No Fourier READ Fourier is not being performed6 Test Wdog SET Test watchdog by setting this bit to 10023 FnowG1 READ Indicates the current status of the fault flags

(These flags are not latched)

3.6 Fault recordsDisplay Status Description0100 FLT RECORDS READ Column heading0101 Fault No 1 SET Number of fault record displayed may be selected

(Fn; Fn -1; Fn -2; . . . Fn -5)0102 Fn G1 READ Flags (latched) indicating the functions that operated

during the fault0103 Ia READ Highest value of current measured in phase A during

the fault0104 Ib READ Highest value of current measured in phase B during

the fault0105 Ic READ Highest value of current measured in phase C during

the fault0106 Io READ Highest value of residual current measured during the

fault0107 Vab READ Value of Vab during the fault0108 Vbc READ Value of Vbc during the fault0109 Vca READ Value of Vca during the fault010A Vo READ Highest value of residual voltage measured during

the fault010B CB Trip Time READ Circuit breaker trip time0110 Clear = O RESET Press [0] key to clear all fault records when this cell is

displayed

3.7 Measurements 1Display Status Description0200 MEASURE 1 READ Column heading0201 Ia READ Measured current in phase A0202 Ib READ Measured current in phase B0203 Ic READ Measured current in phase C0204 Io READ Measured residual current0205 Vab READ Measured line voltage Vab0206 Vbc READ Measured line voltage Vbc0207 Vca READ Measured line voltage Vca0208 Va READ Measured phase voltage Va

(not available on KCEU relays)0209 Vb READ Measured phase voltage Vb

(not available on KCEU relays)020A Vc READ Measured phase voltage Vc

(not available on KCEU relays)020B Vo READ Measured residual voltage Vo020C F READ Measured power system frequency F


3.8 Measurements 2Display Status Description0300 MEASURE 2 READ Column heading0301 3W READ Three phase active power0302 3VA READ Three phase apparent power0303 3VAr READ Three phase reactive power0304 Imax READ Highest of the three phase currents measured not a

peak demand value0309 Wa READ Active power in phase A

(not available on KCEU relays)030A Wb READ Active power in phase B

(not available on KCEU relays)030B Wc READ Active power in phase C

(not available on KCEU relays)030C PowerFactor READ Power factor three phase030D VARa READ Reactive power in phase A

(not available on KCEU relays)030E VARb READ Reactive power in phase B

(not available on KCEU relays)030F VARc READ Reactive power in phase C

(not available on KCEU relays)0310 Sum (ops) PWP Number of circuit breaker operations0311 CBdutyA PWP Sum of I, or I2 broken by phase A of circuit breaker0312 CBdutyB PWP Sum of I, or I2 broken by phase B of circuit breaker0313 CBdutyC PWP Sum of I, or I2 broken by phase C of circuit breaker031E Power mode PWP Sets the convention used for signing the direction of

measured power flow

3.9 Measurements 3Display Status Description0400 MEASURE 3 READ Column heading0404 IthA READ Thermal ammeter reading in phase A0405 IthB READ Thermal ammeter reading in phase B0406 IthC READ Thermal ammeter reading in phase C0407 Thermal PWP Thermal state (%)040A Pk IthA PWP Peak thermal ammeter reading in phase A demand

value040B Pk IthB PWP Peak thermal ammeter reading in phase B demand

value040C Pk IthC PWP Peak thermal ammeter reading in phase C demand

value

3.10 Earth fault 1Display Status Description0500 EARTH FLT1 READ Column heading0501 EF Links PWP Software links that are used to select the available

optional earth fault functions1 En Io>> 1 = enable earth fault stage 22 EN Io>>> 1 = enable earth fault stage 33 Drn to> 1 = directionalise earth fault stage 14 Drn to>> 1 = directionalise earth fault stage 25 Drn to>>> 1 = directionalise earth fault stage 3


6 Io>>NoPeak 1 = no peak measurement for stage 2 earth faults (KCGG only)

E Rev Io>>> 1 = reverse direction of third earth fault stage (Io>>>)0502 CT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the line or neutral CT feeding the

earth fault protection elements0503 VT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the voltage transformer feeding the

relay0504 Curve PWP Selected characteristic from the definite time or 10

inverse time options0505 Io> SET Current setting for start output and first earth fault

stage0506 to>/TMS SET Time multiplier setting that will be used with a

selected inverse time curve0507 to>/DT SET Time delay that will be effective when the definite time

characteristic is selected0508 toRESET SET Hold time for which the current must remain below

Io> before the timer resets to zero0509 Io>> SET Current setting for second earth fault stage050A to>> SET Time delay for second earth fault stage050B Io>>> SET Current setting for third earth fault stage050C to>>> SET Time delay for third earth fault stage050D Char Angle SET Characteristic angle setting for earth fault directional

element050E Io< SET Setting for earth fault undercurrent element050F Vop> SET Setting for minimum polarising voltage below which

the directional element is blocked0510 Po> SET Wattmetric power threshold

(only available on KCEU relays)

3.11 Phase fault 1Display Status Description0600 PHASE FLT 1 READ Column heading0601 PF Links PWP Software links that are used to select the available

optional phase fault functions0 En Therm 1 = enable thermal element1 En I>> 1 = enable stage 2 overcurrent2 En I>>> 1 = enable stage 3 overcurrent3 Drn t> 1 = directionalise stage 1 overcurrent4 Drn t>> 1 = directionalise stage 2 overcurrent5 Drn t>>> 1 = directionalise stage 3 overcurrent6 I>> NoPeak 1 = No peak measurement for stage 2 overcurrent

(KCGG only)7 I>>> = 2/3 1 = 2 out of 3 phase elements to operate for t>>>

to give an output8 CB blk V< 1 = undervoltage blocked when circuit breaker is

open9 V< any = 1 1 = output for any phase undervoltage;

0 = output for all phases undervoltageA V< P-N = 1 1 = undervoltage responds to phase voltage;

0 = undervoltage responds to line voltage (not available on KCEU relays)

B SynPol = 3.2 1 = synchronous polarising extended to 3.2s;0 = 0.32s

C Brkn Cond 1 = enables broken conductor logic


D En F< 1 = enable under frequency element to initiate tAUX1 (not available on KCEU relays)

E Rev I>>> 1 = reverse direction of third overcurrent stageF All 2/3 1 = 2/3 logic applied to all phase outputs0602 CT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the line CT feeding the phase fault

protection elements0603 VT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the voltage transformer feeding the


inverse time options0605 I> SET Current setting for start output and first overcurrent

stage0606 t>/TMS SET Time multiplier setting that will be used with a

selected inverse time curve0607 t>/DT SET Time delay that will be effective when the definite time

characteristic is selected0608 tRESET SET Hold time for which the current must remain below I>

before the timer resets to zero0609 I>> SET Current setting for second overcurrent stage060A t>> SET Time delay for second overcurrent stage060B I>>> SET Current setting for third overcurrent stage060C t>>> SET Time delay for third overcurrent stage060D Char Angle SET Characteristic angle setting for overcurrent directional

element060E I< SET Setting for phase fault undercurrent element060F V< SET Setting for undervoltage element0610 tV< SET Definite time delay for undervoltage feature0611 F< SET Setting for underfrequency

(not available on KCEU relays)0612 th> Alarm SET Thermal alarm level (%)0613 Ith> Trip SET Thermal current rating (trip level = 100%)0614 TC SET Setting for thermal time constant

3.12 Earth fault 2Display Status Description0700 EARTH FLT 2 READ Column heading0701 EF Links PWP Software links that are used to select the available

optional earth fault functions1 En Io>> 1 = enable earth fault stage 22 En Io>>> 1 = enable earth fault stage 33 Drn to> 1 = directionalise earth fault stage 14 Drn to>> 1 = directionalsise earth fault stage 25 Drn to>>> 1 = directionalise earth fault stage 36 Io>> NoPeak 1 = no peak measurement for stage 2 earth faults

(KCGG only)E Rev Io>>> 1 = reverse direction of third earth fault stage (Io>>>)0702 CT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the line or neutral CT feeding the

earth fault protection elements0703 VT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the voltage transformer feeding the


inverse time options0705 Io> SET Current setting for start output and first earth fault

stage


0706 to>/TMS SET Time multiplier setting that will be used with aselected inverse time curve

0707 to>/DT SET Time delay that will be effective when the definite timecharacteristic is selected

0708 toRESET SET Hold time for which the current must remain belowIo> before the timer resets to zero

0709 Io>> SET Current setting for second earth fault stage070A to>> SET Time delay for second earth fault stage070B Io>>> SET Current setting for third earth fault stage070C to>>> SET Time delay for third earth fault stage070D Char Angle SET Characteristic angle setting for earth fault directional

element070E Io< SET Setting for earth fault undercurrent element070F Vop> SET Setting for minimum polarising voltage below which

the directional element is blocked0710 Po> SET Wattmetric power threshold

(only available on KCEU relays)

3.13 Phase fault 2Display Status Description0800 PHASE FLT 2 READ Column heading0801 PF Links PWP Software links that are used to select the available

optional phase fault functions0 En Therm 1 = enable thermal element1 En I>> 1 = enable stage 2 overcurrent2 En I>>> 1 = enable stage 3 overcurrent3 Drn t> 1 = directionalise stage 1 overcurrent4 Drn t>> 1 = directionalise stage 2 overcurrent5 Drn t>>> 1 = directionalise stage 3 overcurrent6 I>> NoPeak 1 = No peak measurement for stage 2 overcurrent

(KCGG only)7 I>>> = 2/3 1 = 2 out of 3 phase elements to operate for t>>>

to give an output8 CB blk V< 1 = undervoltage blocked when circuit breaker is

open9 V< any = 1 1 = output for any phase undervoltage;

0 = output for all phases undervoltageA V< P-N = 1 1 = undervoltage responds to phase voltage;

0 = undervoltage responds to line voltageB SynPol = 3.2 1 = synchronous polarising extended to 3.2s;

0 = 0.32sC Brkn Cond 1 = enables broken conductor logicD EN F< 1 = enable under frequency element to initiate tAUX1

(not available on KCEU relays)E Rev I>>> 1 = reverse direction of third overcurrent stageF All 2/3 1 = 2/3 logic applied to all phase outputs0802 CT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the line CT feeding the phase fault

protection elements0803 VT Ratio PWP Overall ratio of the voltage transformer feeding the


inverse time options0805 I> SET Current setting for start output and first overcurrent

stage


0806 t>/TMS SET Time multiplier setting that will be used with aselected inverse time curve

0807 t>/DT SET Time delay that will be effective when the definite timecharacteristic is selected

0808 tRESET SET Hold time for which the current must remain below I>before the timer resets to zero

0809 I>> SET Current setting for second overcurrent stage080A t>> SET Time delay for second overcurrent stage080B I>>> SET Current setting for third overcurrent stage080C t>>> SET Time delay for third overcurrent stage080D Char Angle SET Characteristic angle seting for overcurrent directional

element080E I< SET Setting for phase fault undercurrent element080F V< SET Setting for undervoltage element0810 tV< SET Definite time delay for undervoltage feature0811 F< SET Setting for underfrequency

(not available on KCEU relays)0812 th>Alarm SET Thermal alarm level (%)0813 Ith>Trip SET Thermal current rating (trip level = 100%)0814 TC SET Setting for thermal time constant

3.14 LogicDisplay Status Description0900 LOGIC READ Column heading0901 LOG Links PWP Software links that are used to select the available

optional logic functions0 CB Rec 1 = enable CB operations and contact duty registers

to be incremented1 CB1*I = 0 1 = CB contact proportional to I;

0 = CB contact duty proportional to I2

2 BF blk strt 1 = enables the start outputs to be reset when breaker failure protection operates

3 tAUX2 = I< 1 = tAUX2 initiated by undercurrent in all three phases

4 tAUX2=/Io< 1 = tAUX2 initiated when the earth fault current exceeds the Io< setting

5 tAUX3 Grp2 1 = tAUX3 selects setting grp26 tAUX2-tAUX3 1 = enables the pick up of tAUX3 to be delayed by

tAUX27 Latch Strt 1 = start latches fault flags and generate fault record8 Hold Grp2 1 = selects and holds the grp2 settings operational9 Rst CBclose 1 = enables a circuit breaker trip to reset the close

pulse timerA Log Rly7 1 = enable relay 7 to initiate fault recordsB tAUX3=DDO 1 = tAUX3 is delayed on drop-off

0 = tAUX3 is delayed on pick-up0902 tBF SET Breaker failure protection time delay setting0903 tAUX1 SET Auxiliary timer 1 setting0904 tAUX2 SET Auxiliary timer 2 setting0905 tAUX3 SET Auxiliary timer 3 setting0906 tTRIP SET Trip pulse time setting0907 tCLOSE SET Close pulse time setting0908 CB ops> SET Alarm 1 setting for excessive circuit breaker operations


0909 CB duty> SET Alarm 1 setting for excessive circuit breaker contactduty

090F Display SET Default display that is selected on power-up0 Manufact Manufacturers name1 Descript Description of product2 Plant Plant reference3 Thermal Thermal State (%)4 IthA B C Thermal ammeter readings for each of the three

phases5 Ia Ib Ic Instantaneous reading of phase currents (prospective

value of thermal ammeter)6 Ia Io Vab Vo Line current and voltage plus residual current and

voltage7 kW kVAr Active and reactive three phase power

3.15 Input masksDisplay Status Description0A00 INPUT MASKS READ Column heading0A01 Blk to> PWP Logic input to block first stage earth fault timer to>0A02 Blk to>> PWP Logic input to block second stage earth fault timer

to>>0A03 Blk to>>> PWP Logic input to block third stage earth fault timer

to>>>0A04 Blk t> PWP Logic input to block first stage overcurrent timer t>0A05 Blk t>> PWP Logic input to block second stage overcurrent timer

t>>0A06 Blk t>>> PWP Logic input to block third stage overcurrent timer

t>>>0A07 L Trip PWP Logic input to initiate trip pulse timer from external

input0A08 L Close PWP Logic input to initiate close pulse timer from external

input0A09 Ext Trip PWP Logic input to initiate breaker fail and records from

an external trip signal0A0A Aux 1 PWP Logic input to initiate timer tAUX1 from external input0A0B Aux 2 PWP Logic input to initiate timer tAUX2 from external input0A0C Aux 3 PWP Logic input to initiate timer tAUX3 from external input0A0D Set Grp 2 PWP Logic input to select group 2 protection settings from

external input0A0E CB Closed PWP Logic input to indicate circuit breaker in closed

position0A0F CB Open PWP Logic input to indicate circuit breaker in open position0A10 Bus2 PWP Logic input to indicate circuit breaker in bus 2

position0A11 Reset Ith PWP Logic input to block/reset thermal protection,

also resets thermal ammeters

3.16 Relay masksDisplay Status Description0B00 RELAY MASKS READ Column heading0B01 Io> Fwd PWP Earth fault forward start (non directional start for non

directional relays)0B02 Io> Rev PWP Earth fault reverse start (only available when

directionalised)


0B03 to> PWP First stage time delayed earth fault output0B04 to>> PWP Second stage time delayed earth fault output0B05 to>>> PWP Third stage time delayed earth fault output0B06 I> Fwd PWP Overcurrent forward start (non directional start for non

directional relays)0B07 I> Rev PWP Overcurrent reverse start (only available when

directionalised)0B08 tA> PWP First stage time delayed overcurrent output for

phase A0B09 tB> PWP First stage time delayed overcurrent output for

phase B0B0A tC> PWP First stage time delayed overcurrent output for

phase C0B0B t>> PWP Second stage time delayed overcurrent output0B0C t>>> PWP Third stage time delayed overcurrent output0B0D CB Trip PWP Trip pulse output0B0E CB Close PWP Close pulse output0B0F CB Fail PWP Breaker fail output for initiation of back tripping0B10 Aux 1 PWP Output from the auxiliary 1 time delayed function0B11 Aux2 PWP Output from the auxiliary 2 time delayed function0B12 Aux3 PWP Output from the auxiliary 3 time delayed function0B13 tV< PWP Undervoltage time delayed output0B14 Level 1 PWP Output in response to command to load shed to

level 1 (not available on KCEU relays)0B15 Level 2 PWP Output in response to command to load shed to

level 2 (not available on KCEU relays)0B16 Level 3 PWP Output in response to command to load shed to

level 3 (not available on KCEU relays)0B17 thAlarm PWP Thermal overload alarm0B18 thTrip PWP Thermal overload trip0B19 CB Alarm PWP Alarm for circuit breaker maintenance

3.17 RecorderDisplay Status Description0C00 RECORDER READ Column heading0C01 Control SET Manual stop/start control (running = started;

triggered = stopped)0C02 Capture SET Select the functions to be captured: magnitudes/

phase angles/samples0C03 Post trigger SET Select the number of samples recorded after the

trigger (1 to 511)0C04 Logic trig SET Select the logic input to trigger the recorder

(0 to 7 pick-up or drop-off)0 +Opto0 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L01 +Opto1 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L12 +Opto2 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L23 +Opto3 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L34 +Opto4 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L45 +Opto5 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L56 +Opto6 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L67 +Opto7 Trigger in response to energisation of logic input L78 Opto0 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logic

input L0


9 Opto1 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L1

A Opto2 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L2

B Opto3 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L3

C Opto4 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L4

D Opto5 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L5

E Opto6 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L6

F Opto7 Trigger in response to de-energisation of logicinput L7

0C05 Relay Trig SET Select the output relay tio trigger the recorder(0 to 7 pick-up or drop-off)

0 +Rly 0 Trigger in response to energisation of output relayRLY 0








8 Rly 0 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 0

9 Rly 1 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 1

A Rly 2 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 2

B Rly 3 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 3

C Rly 4 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 4

D Rly 5 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 5

E Rly 6 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 6

F Rly 7 Trigger in response to de-energisation of output relayRLY 7


Section 4. CHANGING TEXT AND SETTINGS

Settings and text in certain cells of the menu can be changed via the userinterface. To do this the cover must be removed from the front of the relay so thatthe [+] and [] keys can be accessed.

4.1 Quick guide to menu controls

Quick guide to menu control with the four keys

Current display Key press Effect of action

Default display [0] long Back-light turns ON no other effect

[0] short Steps through the available default displays

[F] steps down to column heading SYSTEMDATA

[+] Back-light turns ON no other effect

[] Back-light turns ON no other effect

Fault flags after a trip [0] short Back-light turns ON no other effect

[F] steps down to column heading SYSTEMDATA without resetting the fault flags

[0] long resets trip LED and returns default display

[+] Back-light turns ON no other effect

[] Back-light turns ON no other effect

Column heading [0] short Back-light turns ON no other effect

[0] long Re-establishes password protectionimmediately and returns the default display

[F] long move to next column heading

[F] short steps down the menu to the next item inthe column

[] move to next column heading

[+] move to previous column heading

Any menu cell [F] short steps down the menu to the next item inthe column

[F] long displays the heading for the next column

[F] + [0] steps back up the menu to the previousitem

[0] short Back-light turns ON no other effect

[0] long Resets the value if the cell is resettable

Any settable cell [+] or [] Puts the relay in setting mode. The passwordmust first be entered for protected cells


Current display Key press Effect of action

Setting mode [0] Escapes from the setting mode without asetting change

[+] Increments value with increasing rapidity ifheld

[] Decrements value with increasing rapidityif held

[F] Changes to the confirmation display

[F] If function links, relay or input masks aredisplayed the [F] key will step through themfrom left to right and finally changing to theconfirmation display

Confirmation mode [+] Confirms setting and enters new setting ortext

[] Returns prospective change to check/modify

[0] Escapes from the setting mode without asetting change

The actions shown in the shaded area can only be performed when the cover isremoved.

[F] long means press F key and hold for longer than 1s

[F] short means press F key and hold for less than 1s

[F] means press the F key length of time does not change the response

4.2 To enter setting mode

Give the [F] key a momentary press to change from the selected default displayand switch on the back-light; the heading SYSTEM DATA will be displayed.Use the [+] and [] keys, or a long press of the [F] key, to select the columncontaining the setting, or text that is to be changed. Then with the [F] key stepdown the column until the contents of that cell are displayed. Press the [+] key toput the relay into the setting mode. Setting mode will be indicated by a flashingcursor on the bottom line of the display. If the cell is read-only, or passwordprotected, then the cursor will not appear and the relay will not be in the settingmode.

4.3 To escape from the setting mode

IMPORTANT! If at any time you wish to escape from the setting mode withoutmaking a change to the contents of the selected cell: Hold the [0] key depressedfor 1s, the original setting will be returned and the relay will exit the setting mode.

4.4 To accept the new setting

Press the [F] key until the confirmation display appears:

Are you sure?

+ = YES = NO

Press the [0] key if you decide not to make any change.

Press the [] key if you want to further modify the data before entry.

Press the [+] key to accept the change. This will terminate the setting mode.


4.5 Password protection

Password protection is provided for the configuration settings of the relay.This includes time curve selection, CT and VT ratios, function links, input masks andrelay masks. Any accidental change to configuration could seriously affect theability of the relay to perform its intended functions, whereas, a setting error mayonly cause a grading problem. Individual settings are protected from change whenthe relay cover is in place by preventing direct access to the [+] and [] keys.

The password consists of four characters that may contain any upper case letterfrom the alphabet. The password is initially set in the factory to AAAA, but it canbe changed by the user to another combination if necessary. If the password is lostor forgotten, access to the relay will be denied. However, if the manufacturer ortheir agent is supplied with the serial number of the relay, a back-up password canbe supplied that is unique to that particular product.

4.6 Entering passwords

Using the [F] key, select the password cell [0002] in the SYSTEM DATA column ofthe menu. The word Password is displayed and four stars. Press the [+] key andthe cursor will appear under the left hand star. Now use the [+] key to step throughthe alphabet until the required letter is displayed. The display will increment fasterif the key is held down and the [] key can be used in a similar way to movebackwards through the alphabet. When the desired character has been set the [F]key can be given a momentary press to move the cursor to the position for the nextcharacter. The process is then repeated to enter the remaining characters thatmake up the password. When the fourth character is acknowledged by amomentary press of the [F] key the display will read:

Are you sure?

+ = YES = NO

Press the [0] key if you decide not to enter the password.

Press the [] key if you want to modify the entry.

Press the [+] to enter the password. The display will then show four stars and if thepassword was accepted the alarm LED will flash. If the alarm LED is not flashingthe password was not accepted a further attempt can be made to enter it, or the[F] key pressed to move to the next cell.

Note: When the password cell is displayed, do not press the [+] or [] key whilstthe alarm LED is flashing unless you want to change the password!

4.7 Changing passwords

When the password has been entered and the alarm LED is flashing the [+] key ispressed to put the relay in setting mode. A new password can now be entered asdescribed in Section 4.6. After entering the fourth character make a note of thenew password shown on the display before pressing the [F] key to obtain theconfirmation display.

Are you sure?

+ = YES = NO

Press the [0] key if you decide not to enter the new password.

Press the [] key if you want to modify your entry.

Press the [+] to enter the new password which will then replace the old one.


Note: Make sure the new password has been written down before it is enteredand that the password being entered agrees with the written copy beforeaccepting it. If the new password is not entered correctly you may bedenied access in the future. If the password is lost a back-up passwordunique to that relay can be provided from the factory, or certain agents, ifthe serial number of the product is quoted.

4.8 Restoration of password protection

Password protection is reinstated when the alarm LED stops flashing. This will occurfifteen minutes after the last key press. To restore the password protection withoutwaiting for the fifteen minute time-out, select the password cell or any columnheading and hold the reset key [0] depressed for 1s. The alarm LED will cease toflash to indicate the password protection is restored.

4.9 Entering text

Enter the setting mode as described in Section 4.2 and move the cursor with the [F]key to where the text is to be entered or changed. Then using the [+] and [] keys,select the character to be displayed. The [F] key may then be used to move thecursor to the position of the next character and so on. Follow the instructions inSection 4.4 to exit from the setting change.

4.10 Changing function links

Select the column heading required and step down to the function links SD Links,EF Links, PF Links, or LOG Links and press either the [+] or [] to put therelay in a setting change mode. A cursor will flash on the bottom line at theextreme left position. This is link F; as indicated by the character printed on thefrontplate under the display.

Press the [F] key to step along the row of links, one link at a time, until some textappears on the top line that describes the function of a link. The [+] key willchange the link to a 1 to select the function and the [] key will change it to a0 to deselect it. Follow the instructions in Section 4.4 to accept the settingchange.

Not all links can be set, some being factory selected and locked. The links that arelocked in this way are usually those for functions that are not supported by aparticular relay, when they will be set to 0. Merely moving the cursor past a linkposition does not change it in any way.

4.11 Changing setting values

Move through the menu until the cell that is to be edited is displayed. Press the [+]or [] key to put the relay into the setting change mode. A cursor will flash in theextreme left hand position on the bottom line of the display to indicate that therelay is ready to have the setting changed. The value will be incremented in singlesteps by each momentary press of the [+] key, or if the [+] key is held down thevalue will be incremented with increasing rapidity until the key is released.Similarly the [] key can be used to decrement the value. Follow the instructions inSection 4.4 to exit from the setting change.

Note: When entering CT RATIO or VT RATIO the overall ratio should be entered,ie. 2000/5A CT has an overall ratio of 400:1. With rated current appliedthe relay will display 5A when CT RATIO has the default value of 1:1 andwhen the ratio is set to 400:1 the displayed value will be 400 x 5 =2000A.


4.12 Setting communication address

The communication address will be set to 255, the global address to all relays onthe network, when the relay is first supplied. Reply messages are not issued fromany relay for a global command, because they would all respond at the same timeand result in contention on the bus. Setting the address to 255 will ensure thatwhen first connected to the network they will not interfere with communications onexisting installations. The communication address can be manually set by selectingthe appropriate cell for the SYSTEM DATA column, entering the setting mode asdescribed in Section 4.2 and then decrementing or incrementing the address.Then exit setting mode as described in Section 4.4.

To automatically allocate an address to the relay, see Chapter 6.

4.13 Setting input masks

An eight bit mask is allocated to each protection and control function that can beinfluenced by an external input applied to one or more of the logic inputs.When the menu cell for an input mask is selected the top line of the display showstext describing the function to be controlled by the inputs selected in the mask.A series of 1s and 0s on the bottom line of the display indicates which logicinputs are selected to exert control. The numbers printed on the frontplate under thedisplay indicate each of the logic inputs (L7 to L0) being displayed.A 1 indicates that a particular input is assigned to the displayed control functionand a 0 indicates that it is not. The same input may be used to control more thanone function.

4.14 Setting output masks

An eight bit mask is allocated to each protection and control function. When amask is selected the text on the top line of the display indicates the associatedfunction and the bottom line of the display shows a series of 1s and 0s for theselected mask. The numbers printed on the frontplate under the display indicate theoutput relay (RLY7 to RLY0) to which each bit is associated. A 1 indicates that therelay will respond to the displayed function and a 0 indicates that it will not.

A logical OR function is performed on the relay masks so that more than onerelay may be allocated to more than one function. An output mask may be set tooperate the same relay as another mask so that, for example, one output relaymay be arranged to operate for all the functions required to trip the circuit breakerand another for only those functions that are to initiate autoreclose.

4.15 Resetting values and records

Some values and records can be reset to zero, or some predefined value.To achieve this the menu cell must be displayed and then the [0] key helddepressed for at least one second to effect the reset. The fault records are slightlydifferent because they are a group of settings and to reset these the last cell underFLT RECORDS must be selected. This will display:

Clear = [0]

To reset ALL FIVE fault records hold the [0] key depressed for more than 1s. If therecords are not cleared the oldest record will be overwritten by the next fault.


4.16 Resetting trip LED indication

The trip LED can be reset when the flags for the last fault are displayed. They aredisplayed automatically after a trip occurs, or can be selected in the fault recordcolumn. The reset is effected by depressing the [0] key for 1s. Resetting the faultrecords as described in 4.15 will also reset the trip LED indication.

Set function link SD5 to 1 for the trip LED to automatically reset. This will thenoccur when the circuit breaker is reclosed and the load current exceeds theundercurrent setting (I


Note: All relays have standard Midos terminal blocks to which connections canbe made with either 4mm screws or 4.8mm pre-insulated snap-onconnectors. Two connections can be made to each terminal.

5.1 Auxiliary supply

The auxiliary voltage may be DC or AC provided it is within the limiting voltagesfor the particular relay. The voltage range will be found on the frontplate of therelay; it is marked Vx = (24V 125V) or (48V 250V). An ideal supply to use fortesting the relays will be 50V DC or 110V AC because these values fall withinboth of the auxiliary voltage ranges.

The supply should be connected to terminals 13 and 14 only. To avoid anyconfusion it is recommended that the polarity of any applied voltage is kept to theMidos standard: for dc supplies the positive lead connected to terminal 13 and the negative to

terminal 14 for ac supplies the live lead is connected to terminal 13 and the neutral lead to

terminal 14.

5.2 Dual powered relays

Dual powered relays derive power from the current transformer circuit and may beused with this power source alone. However, the application of an auxiliary DC orAC voltage will enable lower earth fault settings to be used, also settings to beapplied and data to be read when the load current is insufficient to power therelay. It will also allow communications to be maintained at such times.

When powered from the CT circuit alone the 48V field voltage will be available topower the opto-isolated control inputs when the protection starts up. The phasefault current setting range is limited to the minimum current levels at which thepower requirements of the relay can be maintained. See Technical Data,Chapter 7. This model of relay is rated for an auxiliary voltageVx = (100V to 250V).

Note: The capacitance discharge circuit is not isolated from the auxiliary supplyand to prevent the relay from being damaged, no external groundconnection should be made to this circuit.

5.3 Logic control inputs

There are a number of logic control inputs to the relay that are optically coupled toprovide galvanic isolation between the external and internal circuits. They arerated at 48V and the power supply within the relay provides an isolated fieldvoltage to energise them. This arrangement keeps the power consumption of theseinputs to a minimum and ensures that they always have a supply to energise themwhen the relay is operational. This is particularly important for the dual poweredrelay when there is no auxiliary supply voltage available and the relay isenergised by the current from the line current transformers.

Software filtering is applied to prevent induced AC signals in the external wiringcausing operation of logic inputs. This is achieved by sampling the logic inputseight times per cycle and five consecutive samples have to indicate that the input isenergised in a positive sense before it is accepted. This ensures that the inputs arerelatively immune to spurious operation from induced AC signals in the wiring.The capture time is:

12 2.5ms at 50Hz10.4 2.1ms at 60Hz (not available on KCEU relays)


Note: These inputs will not capture a fleeting contact unless it dwells in the closedstate for a time exceeding the above values.

The opto-isolated logic control inputs are divided into two groups. Three (L0, L1,L2) have their common connection on terminal 52 and are fitted to the KCGG 14202 relay and relays with no more than two analogue inputs. The remainder (L3,L4, L5, L6, L7) have their common connection on terminal 55 and are fitted torelays with 8 opto inputs. When they are to be energised from the field voltagethen terminals 52 and 55 must be connected to terminal 8, the negative of the fieldvoltage. The logic inputs can then be energised by connecting a volt free contactbetween the positive of the field voltage, terminal 7, and the terminal for theappropriate logic input.

The circuit for each opto-isolated input contains a blocking diode to protect it fromany damage that may result from the application of voltage with incorrect polarity.Where the opto-isolated input of more than one relay is to be controlled by thesame contact it will be necessary to connect terminal 7 of each relay together toform a common line. In the example circuit below, contact X operates L1 of relay 1and contact Y operates L0 of relay 1 as well as L0 and L1 of relay 2. There are noconnections made to L2 as it is not used on either relay.

The logic inputs can be separated into two isolated groups when it is necessary toenergise some from the station battery. The logic inputs are rated at 48V and it willbe necessary to connect an external resistor in series with the input if the battery isof higher rated voltage. The value of this resistor should be 2.4k for everyadditional 10V.

The field voltage is not earthed and has insulation rated for 2kV for 1 minute.Thus if necessary the positive terminal of the field voltage could be connected tothe positive terminal on the external battery. Also the two separate groups of logicinputs could be energised from separate batteries.

5.4 Analogue inputs

The relays can have up to eight analogue inputs, two on the microprocessor boardand six on the auxiliary expansion board. Each is fed via an input transducer, alow pass filter and a three range scaling amplifier. The analogue signals aresampled eight times per cycle on each channel as the sampling rate tracks thefrequency of the input signal.

The wide setting range provided on the auxiliary powered version of the relays issufficient to enable the 5A version of the relay to operate from either 1A or 5Acurrent transformers and this version of the relay can be used where dual ratedrelays are specified. Alternatively, the wide setting range makes the relay suitablefor use on circuit breakers that may be applied to a wide range of load circuitratings with only one current transformer ratio. For example a circuit breaker ratedat 2kA and fitted with current transformers rated at 2000/10A (or 2000/2A) andrelays rated at 5A (or 1A) could be applied to circuits with load ratings from 100Ato 2000A.

The dual powered relays have a narrower setting range and must be used withcurrent transformers that match their current rating. Thermal dissipation is thelimitation for the upper end of the setting range and the energy required to powerthe relay is the limitation at the lower end. When the relay is powered from anadditional auxiliary voltage source, earth fault settings can be applied below thatat which the relay can derive sufficient power from the CTs. For this reason theearth fault setting range has not been restricted.


5.5 Output relays

Four programmable output relays are provided on the KCGG 142 02 relay andrelays with no more than two analogue inputs and eight on all other models. Theycan be arranged to operate in response to any or all of the available functions bysuitably setting the output masks. The protection and control functions to whichthese relays respond are selectable via the menu system of the relay.

In addition there is a watchdog relay which has one make and one break contact.Thus it can indicate both healthy and failed conditions. As these contacts aremainly used for alarm purposes they have a lower rating than the programmableoutputs. The terminal numbers for the output relay contacts are given in the table atthe start of Section 5.

5.6 Ouput relay minimum dwell time

Outputs from t>, t>>, t>>>, to>, to>>, to>>> have a minimum dwell of 100ms.The thermal trip will have an inherent delay dependent on the selected timeconstant. The contact dwell ensures a positive trip signal is given to the circuitbreaker.

All other outputs such as I>, I>>, I>>>, Io>, Io>>, Io>>>, tV>, Aux1, Aux2 andAux3 have no deliberate dwell time added to them. This is because they are eitherfollowed by a timer, or used for control purposes which require a faster reset time.

5.7 Setting the relay with a PC or laptop

Connection to a personal computer (PC) or lap top via a K-Bus/RS232 interfacetype KITZ 101 will enable settings to be changed more easily. Software isavailable for the PC that allows on line setting changes in a more user friendly waywith a whole column of data being displayed instead of just single cells. Settingfiles can also be saved to floppy disk and downloaded to other relays of the sametype. There are also programs available to enable setting files to be generated off-line, ie. away from the relays that can be later down-loaded as necessary.

The communication connections and available software are covered underApplications in Chapter 6.

Section 6. ALARM FLAGS

A full list of the alarm flags will be found in Section 3.3 and is located in cell 0022of the SYSTEM DATA column of the menu. They consist of nine characters that maybe either 1 or 0 to indicate the set and reset states respectively. The controlkeys perform for this menu cell in the same way as they do for function links.The cell is selected with the function key [F] and the relay then put in the settingmode by pressing the [+] key to display the cursor. The cursor will then be steppedthrough the alarm word from left to right with each press of the [F] key and textidentifying the alarm bit selected will be displayed.

The only alarm flag that can be manually set is the bit 6, the watchdog test flag.When this flag is set to 1 the watchdog relay will change state and the greenLED will extinguish.

When any alarm flag is set the alarm LED will be continuously lit. However, there isanother form of alarm condition that will cause the alarm LED to flash and thisindicates that the password has been entered to allow access to change protected


settings within the relay. This is not generally available as a remote alarm and itdoes not generate an alarm flag.

Note: No control will be possible via the key pad if the unconfigured alarm israised because the relay will be locked in a non-operate state.

Types KCGG 122, 142KCEG 112, 142, 152, 242 and


Relays

Service Manual

Chapter 4Application of Protection Functions


1. CONFIGURATION 11.1 Configuring the relay 11.2 Default configuration 22. CHANGING THE CONFIGURATION OF THE RELAY 22.1 System data (SD) 22.2 Earth fault links (EF) 32.3 Phase fault links (PF) 42.4 Logic links (LOG) 52.5 Preferred use of logic inputs 62.6 Preferred use of output relays 63. OVERCURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION 74. FIRST STAGE OVERCURRENT AND EARTH FAULT LOGIC 84.1 Start function 84.2 Definite time 94.3 Inverse time curves 94.4 Reset timer 104.5 Matching the reset time response of an electromechanical relay 104.6 Protection against intermittent recurrent faults 104.7 Time graded protection 114.8 Dual rate inverse time curves 125. SECOND/THIRD STAGE OVERCURRENT AND EARTH FAULT LOGIC 125.1 Two out of three logic 135.2 Broken conductor logic 135.3 Transformer inrush currents 135.4 Sensitivity to harmonics 145.5 Autoreclose inhibition of instantaneous low set 145.6 Blocked overcurrent protection 145.6.1 Blocked IDMT overcurrent 145.6.2 Blocked short time overcurrent 155.7 Protection of busbars on radial system 165.8 Points to consider with blocking schemes 175.9 Back-up transfer tripping scheme 185.10 Restricted earth fault protection 185.10.1 Setting voltage for stability: 185.10.2 Rs, stabilising resistor 195.10.3 Is, current setting 195.10.4 Metrosil assessment 195.11 Rectifier protection 205.12 Cold load pick-up 216. DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT 236.1 Directional overcurrent logic 236.2 Directional start output 236.3 Directional first stage overcurrent 246.4 Directional second and third overcurrent stages 246.5 Directional earth fault logic 246.6 Application of directional phase fault relays 246.7 Synchronous polarisation 266.8 Application of directional earth fault relays 266.9 Power directional earth fault element 27


6.10 Directional stability for instantaneous elements 286.11 Protection of circuits with multiple in-feeds 286.11.1 Blocked directional overcurrent protection 296.11.2 Blocked overcurrent protection for the feeder 296.11.3 Blocked overcurrent protection for the bus section 297. THERMAL OVERCURRENT 307.1 Thermal state 317.2 Thermal trip and alarm levels 317.3 Operation time 317.4 Thermal memory 317.5 Thermal reset 327.6 Dual time constant characteristics 327.7 Application of thermal protection 338. UNDERCURRENT 348.1 Breaker failure protection 349. UNDERVOLTAGE 359.1 Undervoltage trip 359.2 Voltage controlled overcurrent protection 3610. UNDER FREQUENCY 3611. AUXILIARY TIMERS 3611.1 Extra earth fault stage 3711.2 Loss of load protection 3711.3 Delayed under frequency trip 3712. SETTING GROUP SELECTION 3812.1 Remote change of setting group 3812.2 Manual change of setting group 3812.3 Controlled change of setting group 3813. DUAL POWERED RELAYS 3913.1 Powered from current transformers alone 3913.2 Powered from an auxiliary AC voltage and from current transformers 4013.3

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Kcgg Kceg Manual