Kant and the Jewish Question

8/2/2019 Kant and the Jewish Question

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S M S

K J Q

A : Kant has been amously attractive to enlightened German Jews. At the sametime, it was partly on the basis o its own Kantian premises that German nationalismemerged as a speci cally anti-Jewish movement. Tese opposing legacies are less sur- prising once the complex attitude toward Judaism held by Kant himsel , along with the Jewish responses it provoked, is taken ully into account. Te ollowing essay traces our stages in the development o Kants views on Jews and Judaism: (1) an early stage inwhich enlightened Jews gure as major supporters o Kants pre-critical thought; (2) a

second, critical stage, in which Judaism in its early ethical orm is praised or its sub-lime law against the making o graven images; (3) a third stage, ollowing upon reactionto the French Revolution, in which, amid mounting political pressure and disappoint-ment with his early Jewish ollowers, he presents Judaism as a morally empty shell that the true moral religion must discard; (4) a ourth, late stage, in which he comes to re- gard his Jewish students and ollowers as use ul vehicles o an impending civil and moral revolution. Kants speci c invitation to enlightened Jews to become apostles o the newmoral aith prompts, I suggest, David Friedlnders in amous letter to Probst eller.

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Kant and the Jewish Question