BANANA LEATHER AS A BATTERY TO TEST THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RESISTIVITY

*Kevin Maulana Krishna dan Agus YuliantoJurusan Fisika, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Email: kkevinmaulana@yahoo.com

Abstrak. The bananaleather is an existing waste in the community, because it is rarely used. But on a banana leather contains some minerals that can serve as the electrolyte. Minerals in the highest number is potassium or potassium (K +), and also contain chloride (Cl-) in small amounts. The reaction between potassium or potassium and sodium salts may form potassium chloride or KCl. KCl is a strong electrolyte capable of ionized and conduct electricity. Then when the battery waste carelessly discarded or recycled, the content of heavy metals and other hazardous substances contained in batteries can contaminate water and soil, therefore waste banana leather was used instead of the contents of the battery by measuring the effect of temperature on the resistivity of waste banana leather. By examining good temperature for banana leather waste to be either conductivity or resistivity small. 3 types of research using banana leathers are used later on the 3 types of banana skin given a different temperature is 10 ° C, 20 ° C, 30 ° C, 40 ° C, 50 ° C, 60 ° C. In this study obtained resitivitas to its lowest value of 0.75 Ωm with a temperature of 10 ° C on a banana skin with I = 1.5 A, at a temperature of 60 ° C. The third sample banana leather has the same value, namely 5.625 Ωm resistivity with I = 0.2A. Then the resulting voltage is the banana of 0.86 V, 0.60 V banana milk, green bananas 0.58 V..

Key Words: Resistivity , banana leathers , battery , temperature , alternative materials.

1. PRELIMINARY

1.1 BackgroundFor the people of Indonesia, bananas are very

familiar in everyday life. The main pieces of banana can be utilized as a main ingredient of many foods. But there is one part that is rarely used at this plant, which is on the banana leather. Banana leather contains some minerals that can serve as the electrolyte. Minerals in the highest number is potassium or potassium (K +). Banana leather also contains salts containing sodium chloride (Cl-) in small amounts. The reaction between potassium or potassium and sodium salts may form potassium chloride or KCl. KCl is a strong electrolyte capable of ionized and conduct electricity. [4] The banana leather is an existing waste in the community and of the research is expected to provide information to the general public on the use of waste as a substitute for pasta banana leather on the battery.

Then when the battery waste carelessly discarded or recycled, the content of heavy metals

and other hazardous substances contained in batteries can contaminate water and soil, which ultimately harm the human body from the above statement should be a banana leather waste utilization research as a battery with measure the effect of temperature on the resistivity of waste banana leather.

This research will be examined on a nice temperature for that banana leather waste into either conductivity or resistivity small (almost zero). So that the data obtained will be complete we need information on the resistivity of the banana skin that has been given a range of temperatures. Because it greatly affects the temperature of the resistivity.

2. BASIC THEORY

2.1 ResistivityGood conductor is a material that is easy flow

of electric current, generally made up of metal and water. The ability of a material to conduct electricity prices indicated by the electrical

conductivity or electrical conductivity of the material (s = sigma, Ohm / m) [5]. The inverse of the price of electrical conductivity of a material is the resistivity or resistivity, with the symbol r (rho). Conductor material having a low resistivity. Resistivity (ρ) is the ability of a material or medium impede electrical current. The greater the resistivity of a material, the greater the electrical current to inhibit. Unit for resistivity is Ω.m.Resistivity is the properties of the medium. Substances with good conductivity properties have a very small resistivity, while the insulator is a substance that is the opposite. [3]

There are two factors that affect the resistivity::

a) The structure of a material

b) Temperature

2.2 Ohm’s Law In 1827 , George Simon Ohm ( German , 1787-1854 ) conducted experiments to determine the relationship between the transform and strong currents ( I) and voltage ( V ). Formula obtained by the equation:

(2.1)

The above equation is expressed by Simon Ohm , so called Ohm's law , which reads : V voltage is proportional to the component of a strong current I through the components , if the temperature is kept constant. On every object must have a barrier to electrical properties .Umtuk determine the nature of the constraints on an object , it can use the equation:

(2.2)

Because

Then (1.3)

Where:R = Obstacle(Ω)ρ = Resistivitas (Ωm)A = Broad cross-section(m2)L = Long (m)

I = Strong currents (A)([1]Tipler,Paul A.2001.FISIKA UNTUK SAINS DAN TEKNIK.Erlangga:Jakarta)

. 2.3 Battery

Batteries usually we encounter and is always in use in daily life, but what you do with used batteries? Almost all will answer, throw it into the trash. Used batteries are hazardous waste so they should not be carelessly discarded. All types of used batteries such as batteries in the remote, toys, watches, cell phones, digital cameras and batteries that can be charged (rechargeable) B3 waste (Hazardous Material). When carelessly discarded or recycled, the content of heavy metals and other hazardous substances contained in batteries can contaminate water and soil, which ultimately harm the human body. [2]2.4 Banana

Banana plants including easy to grow. This plant can be grown in any place. However, for optimum crop productivity, bananas should be planted in the lowlands. Altitude must be below 1,000 meters above sea level. Wet tropical climate, humid and hot banana growth. However, bananas are still able to grow in the subtropics. In the conditions without water, bananas are still grown because of the water supplied from the trunk watery but its production can not be expected. Rainfall variations must be balanced with the water level so that the soil is not waterlogged soil. Besides bananas used as a source of vitamins and minerals can also be utilized into refined products such as banana sale, banana flour, jam, fruit juice, fruit in syrup, chips, and various types of processed modern and traditional cakes. This fruit contains vitamins, namely C, B complex, B6, and serotonin is active as a neurotransmitter in the smooth functioning of the brain. [6]

Fig 2.1 Bananas and Banana leathers.

3. METHODS

3.1 Materials dan Equipmenta. Materials Banana leathers.

Banana skins are made in the research restrain ad 3 are: banana , banana milk , and green bananas

Battery bekas The used batteries from the remote,toys,etc.

b. Euipment Voltmeter Pisau Kabel Baterai baru(9V) Thermometer Oven Wadah silinder kecil Alat penumbuk Lidi Cawan

3.2 Testing Measures1. Prepare a banana leather that has been

provided previously. 2. Cut the banana leather into small pieces

and then mashed. 3. Later in the mash until smooth. 4. Put into the cup (in the second). 5. Then the banana skin given different

temperatures, that is 10 ° C, 20 ° C, 30 ° C, 40 ° C, 50 ° C, 60 ° C.

6. Put the container into the cylinder. 7. Then paired on the circuit 8. Assembling the circuit in the following

figure 9. Then the observed value indicated on the

voltmeter.

10. Then, before analyzing the data input into the used batteries that have been emptied.

11. Checked the voltage with a voltmeter. 12. Perform data analysis.

Fig 3.1 Circuit testers resistivity

Fig 3.2 Strong currents on battery testing banana skin.

4. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONOnce the research is done in accordance with

the study design , the data obtained test results are

K.pisang klippisapisang

shown in the following table:

3 types of research using banana leathers are used later on the 3 types of banana skin given a different temperature is 10 ° C, 20 ° C, 30 ° C, 40 ° C, 50 ° C, 60 ° C. The first thing to do first in the banana leather cut into small pieces after it in the mashed banana leather until smooth, it is done because of the banana skin should be no gap or cavity so that the sample could be loaded with tension because if not then it will be difficult voltage channeling into a banana skin. .

In this study obtained resitivitas to its lowest value of 0.75 Ωm with optimal temperature at 10 ° C. The temperature of the banana skin and a strong current of 1.5 A, but on another banana skin is milk and green bananas at a temperature of 10°C resistivity value of the banana leather just 0.86538462 0.9375 Ωm and Ωm with a strong current of 1.2 A and 1.3A. Kemudian at 60 ° C. The third sample banana leather has the same resistivity value is 5.625 Ωm with a strong current of 0.2A. We measured the voltage at the time the sample is in the insert banana leather into a container of used batteries and get the results

that the highest voltage in the third on a banana leather that banana of 0.86 V, 0.60 V banana milk, green bananas 0.58 V.

Charts 4.1 Relationship of temperature on the resistivity of bananas Ambon

Charts 4.2 Relationship of temperature on the resistivity of bananas susu

Charts 4.3 Relationship of temperature on the resistivity of bananas Ijo

This proves the temperature can affect the value of the resistivity of a material. because of the smaller temperature also given the smaller resistivity values as well as vice versa when the temperature is high given the value of the resistivity is also high, this effect because at the

time the temperature reaches 0 ° C the material around the water or the moisture contained hail and we know that water is able to deliver a good electrical conductivity and therefore can conduct lectricity r small resistivity.5. CONCULSION

From the analysis, the authors can draw the conclusion that:

1. The value of the resistivity of a material can be in pengaruhu temperature, when the temperature is too small then small resistivity values and vice versa when the temperature is greater then the value is too large.

2. Relationship between temperature variation chart with resistivity values showed a linear graph on a banana leather and a hird sample analyzed by linear regression

3. According to the analysis that has been obtained, the lowest value obtained is 0.75 resitivitas Ωm with optimal emperature at 10 °C.

REFERENSI

[1] Tipler,Paul A.2001.FISIKA UNTUK SAINS DAN TEKNIK.Erlangga:Jakarta

[2]http://adeerlin.blogspot.com/2011/06/

bahaya-batu-baterai-bekas.html di unduh

tanggal 4 juli 2013

[3]http://teeyara45.wordpress.com/

2012/09/25/resistivitas-dan-konduktivitas-

konduktor-dan-semikonduktor-terhadap-

suhu/.html di unduh tanggal 4 juli 2013

[4] http://darmans97.blogspot.com/

2012 / 06 / 01_archive.html di unduh tanggal 2

juli 2013

[ 5 ]http;//metode resistivitas.htm l di unduh

tanggal 2 juli 2013

[ 6 ] http://karya ilmiah pelajar.com/ kulit-

pisang-sebagai-bahan-baku-baterai_26.html

di unduh tanggal 2 juli 2013