STEP 1:OPEN PROGRAMMING C++

STEP 2:SELECT NEW SOURCE FILE

STEP 3:WRITE THE PROGRAM

STEP 4:RUN THE PROJECT

STEP 5:SAVE THE FILE

STEP 6:Compilation Process

QUESTION/DISCUSSION

1.How to

a.Compilation process

b.Execute the program

A.Compilation process

Compiling a source code file in C++ is a four-step process. For example, if you have a C++ source code file named prog1.cpp and you execute the compile command

g++ -Wall -ansi -o prog1 prog1.cpp

The compilation process looks like this:

1.The C++ preprocessor copies the contents of the included header files into the source code file, generates macro code, and replaces symbolic constants defined using #define with their values.

2.The expanded source code file produced by the C++ preprocessor is compiled into the assembly language for the platform.

3.The assembler code generated by the compiler is assembled into the object code for the platform.

4.The object code file generated by the assembler is linked together with the object code files for any library functions used to produce an executable file.

By using appropriate compiler options, we can stop this process at any stage.

1.To stop the process after the preprocessor step, you can use the -E option:

g++ -E prog1.cpp

The expanded source code file will be printed on standard output (the screen by default); you can redirect the output to a file if you wish. Note that the expanded source code file is often incredibly large - a 20 line source code file can easily produce an expanded file of 20,000 lines or more, depending on which header files were included.

2.To stop the process after the compile step, you can use the -S option:

g++ -Wall -ansi -S prog1.cpp

By default, the assembler code for a source file named filename.cpp will be placed in a file named filename.s.

3.To stop the process after the assembly step, you can use the -c option:

g++ -Wall -ansi -c prog1.cpp

By default, the assembler code for a source file named filename.cpp will be placed in a file named filename.o.

B.Execute the program

Compiling and Executing C program in Ubuntu 11.10

1. Write and save the program

Open a simple text editor (e.g gedit), IDE (Eclipse) or command line code editor (Nano or Vim). I’ll be using gedit as it is very simple to use and it’s recommended for beginner programmers. Right Click on Desktop or any directory (Browse File using Nautilus) and select create new File – hello.c (.c extension is used to indicate that it’s a c program). Then write a simple program like this (and save the program press Ctrl+S)

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

printf("Hello! This is my first C program with Ubuntu 11.10\n");

/* Do something more if you want */

}

2. Compile the program

GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) is installed by default, in Ubuntu. To compile the program, open the terminal and move on to the target directory type the command – (where gcc implies compiler name, then it asks for the file name of the source program while -o option specifies the file name of the output program)

gcc hello.c -o hello1

If there is no syntax/semantic error in you program then the compiler will successfully generate an executable file, otherwise fix the problem in your code.

3. Execute the program

To execute the program, you need to run -

./hello1

Compiling and Executing C++ program

The steps are almost same as above but you need to install g++ compiler, the file extension should be .cppand in compilation phase replace gcc with g++. To install G++ compiler, execute the command -

sudo apt-get install g++

If you have any problems then share it through comments. One more thing, This video might help you in running your first C program in Ubuntu 11.10(I’ve recorded it in Gnome Shell interface) –

2.What is C++ Programming

C++ is an object oriented programming (OOP) language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, and is an extension of C language. It is therefore possible to code C++ in a "C style" or "object-oriented style." In certain scenarios, it can be coded in either way and is thus an effective example of a hybrid language.

C++ is a general purpose object oriented programming language. It is considered to be an intermediate level language, as it encapsulates both high and low level language features. Initially, the language was called 'C with classes’ as it had all properties of C language with an additional concept of 'classes’. However, it was renamed to C++ in 1983.

It is pronounced "C-Plus-Plus."

C++ is one of the most popular languages primarily utilized with system/application software, drivers, client-server applications and embedded firmware.

The main highlight of C++ is a collection of pre-defined classes, which are data types that can be instantiated multiple times. The language also facilitates declaration of user defined classes. Classes can further accommodate member functions to implement specific functionality. Multiple objects of a particular class can be defined to implement the functions within the class. Objects can be defined as instances created at run time. These classes can also be inherited by other new classes which take in the public and protected functionalities by default.

C++ includes several operators such as comparison, arithmetic, bit manipulation, logical operators etc. One of the most attractive features of C++ is that it enables the overloading of certain operators such as addition.

A few of the essential concepts within C++ programming language include polymorphism, virtual and friend functions, templates, namespaces and pointers.