Journeys Past and Present

7/21/2019 Journeys Past and Present

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/journeys-past-and-present 1/4

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Wffies&re&

I finO out about these important

travellerc.

a) Match them

with

the notes

which follow.

I

Born in Porrugal in

1480, he was the first

man

to

find

a sea

route

&om the

Atlantic

Ocean to the

Pacific, round

the tip of the American continent.

2

Born

in

192

1

,

he was

the first

American

to

orbit

the

Earth

in

1962,

Returned to

space,

aged

77

conduct experiments

on

the process

of

ageing

I

Born in

Morocco in 1304,

he travelled to Pers

(ran),

fuia

Minor

(Tirrkey)

and

Northern

Ind

and

across the Sahara to Tirnbukru. His desc

tions tell

us a lot about the

Muslim world

in t

Middle

Ages.

4 Barn

in 1903

in

Hull,

England,

this

pilot

was

lirst woman

to fly to Australia. She

flerry

toJap

to

Cape Town and

America. Her aircra* fell i

the

sea

in 1941

in mysterious circumstances.

b)

Suggest ihe means

of transport

the travellers

probably

used

to

get

to their destinations.

trffi.#^&ffi#

fiffi##PHffi

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qg##€qss*,

ffi ffi

B*

&r&B

ffin& ffi"c

aa#*#B&M&

#ffiHffiWS.,]ry

A

LoNe m 48 ACo,

a

young xra1,

c"all-1d

;;;;t.

waRted

to

ilY

like

a

uird'

t{e

made

himself

a

Pair

of

wings'

ustng

wax.

He

flew

so

high

that

he

got too

;;;;

;h-

s*n.

The

heat

melted

hi*

*t""t-."a

he

tell

to

earth

and

dietl'

;"

;;.;

the

storY

in

classical

Greek

mythologY.

-

'rrli.t

iias

always

wanted

ro

{ly'

.,

nqnny

p*ople

have

devr:ted

their

livts

t,r

luii,fing

{lying

machines'

Many

have

diert"in

the

process'

}Vl

have

iieen

travettilg

by

air

{or

such

a

long

ilrt

"

rl'tut

it

1s

easY

to

fr:rget

the

,"

,af'ri*r"*.nts

o{

thrpioneers

rvhich

t

**

*uO*

ir Possibie for

us

t*

flY'

The

first

Person

ta

flY

did

lo

in

1?gi"witt

a

hot-air

balloein

designed

f..lv-

rh"

Montgulfier

brothcrs

in

;i";;;

Thc

lirsr

lrYdrogen-filled

iluituot.rt

llcw

iu

lhe

samt

year'

Thcse

;;ii;;tt

carried

llasscngers

until

the

1930s.

People

ltave

continued

10

lly

rriir.""u

sitrcr

then'

but

mostly

for

oleasurc

(x

sport'

'-i;;

nert

devel'Pttrent

altcr

balloons

was

rhc

airship'

or

d.irigible'

This

was

a

qausage-shaP-eo

ballUon

poit'ered

l)y

an

ellginc"lne

.,,'

iirst ilighi

r:f

an

airship'

La

France'

*rt iu 1884'

ManY

huge

mainly

cltveloped

a{ter

World

War

2

il;-{*,3et

aifliner

entered

se*'ice

i

iqsi.

rh-

Boeing

?4?

'jumbo

je

*"tlfr*

{irst

oI

r}re

wide-br:died

iet

Jel nlanc

manufacturers

have

bcc

i*pi"ti"g

their

machines

constantly

ih"

lut"*t*u*tsions

can

calryaver

60

nrrr.nn*rt

arrd

fl1'

a

third

of

the

wa

I."rrairr.

worlcl

non-sroP'

Toda

;;;;i;

iii

tut

g-*iutance

interuaricn

fiavel

is bY

j{t.

vdrogen-tilled

airships

were

built

to

carrv

-largc

nuttrbers

oI

passcngers'

O,t

i

rury

l9l7

thc

rvorld's

longest

,iiri,ip,

iine

aindenbarg.

burst

intt:

n;;.; iust

beforc

it

moorcd

in

Nerv

voif.,

Xlffing

35

of

the

97

people

ttn.

;;;.

-;ttirips

irave

*ot

been

used

aeain

since

that

accideni'

-'ttr"r"

have

beett

manY

othcr

'

"n.itins

devel*pments

in

the

lasr

;;t;;.;

y*ar:'

in

the

usA'

orville

urrJ

*rl.it

wright

built

?Jte

Flycr'

a

Uinf

un.

(wilh

lwo

sets

of

wings)

ttr'r.i.i

tLre

pilot

lay

tlat

across

the

lower

wing.

Bicycle

chains

and

gears

cou1]ected

the

engine

.ta

tY?

uiup.tl"ts

which

rurnecl

at

aLrout

450

Iilir'*,

p",

minrtte

{]n

l7

December

,,,:

iso:,'Orville

Wright

made

a

12

see,:nri

flighl

over

a

distaace

ol

36

**i.*t'

Tliis

wa;

the

fir:t

aeropianr

ilight

lu

hist*rY'

In

1909'

Louis

ii?iiot

ilew

across

the

English

:'r'

Channel.

Ten

years

later'

Alceick

ancl

;t"*;

made

tle

first

non-staP

flight

aryoss

the

Atlantic'

--r"ir.ttg*t

llying

dr:veloped

a{ter

Wclrld

?rir

1'

During

the

1920s'

rrurr*rr*arc

flcw

atroard

nrail

PIanes'

i,,rr

tr1;

the

latc

I930s'

f

IYitrg

was

much more

luxurious'

Jets were

Th*

wealrhY

can

ttavel

Concorde,

the

firsr

suPer$0

,itfi".t'

Coneorde

has

ireen

carry

"."nf

"

around

the

world

sincc

iauncf,

in

1969.

Il

can

carry

uP

r-+J ,utt"ng"rs

at

twicc

the

spce

..rr,-ri

,na-.an

cross

tllc

Allanti

thlgg

h$Ltr$-

Now

that

air

travel

is

&

c'rrtm

"*o"rience,

man

has

tr'rrneti

,rrin,iu"

Io

the

cr:nquest

of

sPac

i\rr't vel nossihle

lor

You

or

m

i..,..i

intn

space

for

a

holidav

vou

can

ht

sure

thal

solnc(

ion,"*tt*t",

is

rvorking

to

nrakc

posslble.

perl'raps

during

our

iileti



Reading

_i,''

Skimming

means reading

o text

quickly

ta

get

an

--.i

ides

of the orgonisotian

and the

main ideas in

the

iext

Recd the begfnnings

and

the ends of

poragraphs;

thot is

where the main ideas

are.

Skimming o

text

rryill

moke

a detailed

reoding

eosier.

2

toot

at the article

on

the

page

oppoiite,

Read

the

ritle

and

look at the

pictures.

Then skim the text.

Circle the description

that fits the article best.

. This

is an

article

about the l4rright brothers

and

rheir fllng machine.

"lhe

rnain

point

of

the text is

:he

contribution

they

made to fl:n*g.

-

The article is ahout the

history of

flying.

It

iescribes

the different

ways

of

flying

man has

:rr-ented,

This

text

is

about

the

lirst

rnan r,vha managed

:r,

the equiprnent

he used and

horv he died.

3 R"read

the article.

Write

the dates of

each event.

\.mber

the events

l-6, in chronological

order.

first flight

of

an

airship

first non-stop

fiight across the Atlantic

hrst aeroplane

flight

in history

nrst flight r:f a

jet

airliner

,ast

journey

of

an

airship

irst

crossing of the

English Ch*nnel by

plane

Grammar

Present

Ferfect

',1:;rv

people have

devoted their

lives

to

-

-:.dins

fff ing inachines.

.'-

."

.t

pflst

ecent

bxt

wt dan'f. x?siltian €ff$$ly'ixl]€n

'

-.::rt'iled:

it

l:apperzed $t

.711

lilxsp€eiJird

timc irr

--.

.:.i.tr

aud

it

rtry

h*ppen agsfu.

-

l.:=

:chievements of the

pi*neers

h*ve

=:de

rt possible

for

us tc:

fl;r

.

-:

:t'e-tettf

situttti*n,

th*t

we a't'e $l1k ta

fiv,

is the

'

..:

:-f tbe

p$st

war"k

af

tbe

pianrers.

-::-

has ahvays wanted

to

fly.

-:':':

,iesire

to

fiy

lt*g*n in

tfte

pcst

nrud still

*ists.

&"esent

Perfect

Continuous

4

put

the

verbs in brackets in

either the Present

Pe$ect

or the

Present Perfect Continuous.

1 Richard

Branson, ou,'ner of

Virgin Atlantic,

(fly)

ballaons

for many

years.

He still

flies them

today.

2

I F.now he

(make)

a

transatlflntic

flig'ht, but

I'm not

sure

when.

3

_--

you ever

(see)

a

hot-air

ballooni

4 Scientists

the

work

is n

(rvork)

on

a

rew plane but

ot finished

yet.

5

John

Glenn

(orbit)

the

Earth

many

times

in his life.

6

Mir, the space

station,

(orbit)

the

Earth

non-stop since

1986.

7

Captain

Lewis

is

a

very

experienced Concorde

pilot. He

(fl1,)

the

supersonic

plane

for ten years.

They

(build)

a

new

terminal in rhe

ciry so

more airlines can

use the

airport

now.

,5

So*"

of

the time expressions below

can only

be

used

to complete

sentence

2

correctly;

some

ts

complete

I

and

2; one expression

cannot

he used

with

either,

Write

out the completed

sentenc€s.

li,Hg

tlix

g

*fs*&

**r

w.*x&,*

age

$rr

*

fuxg

*a*

aff &y

t''f{ffi9{

i$ffff

cfrMg

f{#r

8$#

I

She

has

been

ciriring

...

2

He

has

drjven

,..

6 W.it"

true

sentences

about

yourtelf

using

the

clues in

brackets

(

),

as

in the example.

Be careful:

you

need to add

for

or since.

1

I/pl*y

(your

favourite sport)/(the

duration).

I

have treen

playing'footliail

for

three

years.

2

My

family

and

tr/live in

(your

town)/(the date).

3 Ilstudy

at

(the

name

of your school)l

(number

of

yqars).

4

My father/r+,ork

at

(his

place of

wcrk)l

(srardng

datc).

i

Vlearn

English/(schcol year).

6

(1four

best

friend)

and

Ilbe best &iends/

(1iear

when

you met).

have

been trav*trling hv

iet

sincc tire

vil



7

Ho*

do

people

in

your

rlars travel?

a) fuk and answer these questions

in your class.

1

Hou'do

you

travel

to school?

2

How long

does

your

journey

take?

3

How

much do

you

spend on

transport

a

week?

4

\4{ry

did you

choose

your

means

of

transport?

5

How

long have you

been

using

this

means

of transport?

6 Have

you

tried

any other means

of transport?

Which?

b) Make a

chart

of

your results. Then

ansvrer these

questions.

I l,tr&at is

the most

popular

form

of ransport?

2

How

long

do people travel,

on

averase, per

day?

3 How

much do people

spend

on transport, on

ayerage,

per

week?

4 Has anyone

tried

any

other ways of travelling to school?

lVhichi

I

ReaA

this student's composition. How many means of

transport

does he mention? How

many of them exist in

your

town?

fourneys

Past

and

Present

in

London

3y

MickeY

Owen

ln

1800

London

was

home

to

about

one

million

people'

fewer

than

today's

,utf,

nouitiavellersl

By

1900'

London

was

the'

biggest

city

in

*:u

*otf

J,

*ith

a

population

of

over

six

million'

As

the

city

grew,

naw

kinds

of

transport

were

needed'

This

u

pl"i*.,

it

u6out

tf,.

history

of

bus

services

in

London'

The

first

London"omnibls

service

was

introduced

by George

Shillibeer

in

1829.

The

omnibuses

were

pulled

by

horses'-By

1834

there

**r"

:fe

ticensed

omnibuses

in

London'

ln

1858'

theLondonGeneralomnibusCompanytookoverthree-

i0

quarters

of

the

r*itl"'

companies'

ln

1870

the

first

horse

tram

began

running.

rt

rtn

afong

trackswhich

lay

levelwith

the

ro-Jd

surface'

ihey

*et*

cheap

and

could

carry

as

many

;;;-"g";t;t

tr.r-

rt-rs"

u'i*t'

trt"

public

was

impressed

and

the

trams

were

an

instant

Success'

However'

horses

were

15

expensive

to

keep

and

feed'

so

transport

companies

looked

for

alternativemeansotpo**'.Tramsbecamepoweredby.

electricity

tro*

ou"'*ad

wires

and

buses

by

diesel

eng.ines'

Londan

rranspan ihe

state-owned, companv

formed

in

.

,,

1933,

gradurffV

got

tiO

oit"*''

London's

red

buses'

especially

20

the

Routemasteal*,'"a"t*d

in

1956'

have

been

a

symbolof

London

since

then'

ln

1985

the

government

encouraged

other

bus

companies

to

oifer

services

within

the

capital'

Since

September

tggs

au

l-ondon

buses

have

been

run

by

privately-

owned

comPanies.

25

My

family

has

lived

in

London

for

seve-ral9^":.-J,*:,:::',

dilil;;;;;;;;k;

as

a

bus

conductot

ror

tl'11,,ll1'j;*"

ii:itilffirv.nt"g"iin

the

transp.ort

svstem'

i

1:i:*::

llffi

ru;

;il

;il

;i;

;

;u,

i

n

*y

-

i,

',1,::

j,l,:s.::

l1:,',::,:l

XJdffi;;;;;ilnot

"nlv

convenient

but

also

the

best

wav

to

9

Anu*r". these

questions

about Mickey's

composition.

I

Why do you

think

Mickey

chose this topicl

2 What

do

you

think the

traffic

was

like

in

London

in the late

19th

century?

3

Why

do

you

think

the

transport

companies decided

t0

stop using horses?

4

Why

do you

think

red buses

became so

famous around

the worldl

5

Why

do

you

think

private

companies were

encouraged

to offer

transport

services?

Grammar

Collective

nouns

1 The public was impressed

by the nel.Y trarns.

{We

think

af

tfu

publit

*s n

single

wit)

2 The

public were

impressed

by

the new

trams"

(We

tbtuk of

tbe

publk

as

*

wnnlt er

of indiwi

daals.)

Look

You

tan

use a

pltt't'*l

uerb after u

colletiae

nou,n,

lsat rallettiae

na#fis

t:tzwzot

fu

plw"*liscd.

r

y'Some

members of

the

public

liked onrnibuses.

*'traxy ralle*iz:r notms fsni;e

othr:r'

rneawing"r

in wbirb thry rtr"e

esu'ntultk.

The team

har.e been

wearing

the

same

cr:lours

fbr

years.

{lt's

a

p*rtiudar

*arn.)

Same

te*ms

have \rrorn the

s*rte colours for

years.

{Tl:ry

*r'e swetztl

dffirelt

twrns.)

ro

enioY

the:ights

of

our

citY'



Ll*tening

I

2

"*

A

group

i*

vi*iting the L*ndon Tran*part Hurcum.

a)

Listen and

mark

thcse statements

T

{true}

*r

F

(falsei.

i

The

guide is

erplaining

the

history

*f

Lo*d*n tanspr:rt"

?

The

gyor:p is interested

in

the

inform*tian.

3 The

groilp understood

*11 the guide's explanations.

b) Listen

again.

Tick

the points the

group

didn't nnderstand at first"

4 wh*n,Qu*en Victariq

rlived

5

rhe

itlb'ffuffers'do

-,

6 the rneaning of

'flufP

I 0 e".n of the following

$enten(eg

Ntes

one mistake.

Underline the

nnista^ke

and corect it.

-

The family

have always been

:-ose and it gets

together every

Sundar'.

-

.r}e

company

are

Yery

proud

of

i:e

nerv

bus service

it

has

.:':nched.

:

l:e

staffs

on the Underground

:-:-.'e

got

new

uniforms.

-

-..--

rhe medias

have

reported the

;

: ::

dent.

'

;::ejand

have

lost

all

its

games

:-

-3r.

I I

Write

sentences

about the

F€s belw,

:-

-'-

r:-

=:

-\{y

cmntnunity

is vnnll. It

t,&.:

jr,..ir

I

1,200

inhabitanx.

*

:t

lcc',ba\l

*,earr'

-

rfr.

c) Listen

again.

List the

phrases

used

to ask for clarification of the

points

in b),

and

those

which

give

clarification.

Aeking for clarificaticn

Clarifying

your

message

Do you mefin

tfu

f**

undwgvu"nd

I rnean tfu

warld's

firct

...

railwq eaeri or

jwt

in

Londan?

Get

talking

I

3 fr*pr." to

describe and

draw a

picture,

.$TUosMr,.1:

Look

at page

xix"

Follow the instructions

there.

$TUD*'Nr8:

Look

at

pag* xx.

Follow

the

instructions

there.

Writing

1\

The

pro{ess

af

writing consists

of

different. stoge$,

flrom

plonning

to

1Tf

edit ng

yaur

worh lf

yau

follow

the

steps and rewrite bits

you

6re not

happy with,

your

writrng

in

English

will

imprave"

I

4 fr*p*r*

to write

a

composition,

a)

You

are

going

to

write about tran$port

in

your

hctne

mea.

Number

the

steps below

in

the order in

which you would

do

them.

-

check my

grammar, *pelling

anel

puncruadon

-

r*nite

down lots

of

icleas

-

make

a

plan,

including

an introduction and

a

conclusion

-

write

a first draft

of

rny

composition

-

select and order the

ideas I

want

to use and make nores

-

check that each

paragraph

has a

main

idea

(in

a

topic

sentence)

and good supporting details

b)

The

dde of

your

compositionis'Joumrys

past

nnd

present

in

Qonr

totn)'.

LTse the information

vou

gathered in

exercise

7.

Follow

the

steps

vou

have numbered

in a). llickev's

composition

will

give

vou

ideas

on

hoq'to organise

vour

composition.

i

i

l

r:-

I

I

I

ll

t-

i

i

I

{

I

I

I

L-

Documents

Journeys Past and Present