JazzJazz

Jazz music originated with slaves.Jazz music originated with slaves. In the African tradition, they had a single-line In the African tradition, they had a single-line

melody and a call-and-response pattern, but melody and a call-and-response pattern, but without the European concept of harmony.without the European concept of harmony.

In the early 19th century an increasing In the early 19th century an increasing number of African-American musicians number of African-American musicians learned to play European instruments.learned to play European instruments.

Another influence came from African-Another influence came from African-American slaves who had learned the American slaves who had learned the harmonic style of hymns and incorporated it harmonic style of hymns and incorporated it into their own music as spirituals.into their own music as spirituals.

JazzJazz

Begin with a basic melodies and Begin with a basic melodies and musicians take turns improvising or musicians take turns improvising or “taking a solo” on the melody.“taking a solo” on the melody.

MelodyMelody

ImprovImprov

JazzJazz

Syncopation – shifting the accent to Syncopation – shifting the accent to the weak beat or off-beatthe weak beat or off-beat

JazzJazz

Syncopated rhythms reflected African Syncopated rhythms reflected African speech patterns, and the African use of speech patterns, and the African use of pentatonic scales led to blue notes in pentatonic scales led to blue notes in blues and jazz. (lowered 3blues and jazz. (lowered 3rdrd, 5, 5thth, & 7, & 7thth))

RagtimeRagtime

Based on the military two-step marchBased on the military two-step march Rhythms are "ragged" and Rhythms are "ragged" and

syncopated (putting emphases on syncopated (putting emphases on weak beat)weak beat)

Mostly played on the pianoMostly played on the piano

Scott JoplinScott Joplin

Most famous ragtime Most famous ragtime composer – Scott Joplincomposer – Scott Joplin

Called "King of Ragtime"Called "King of Ragtime" Unsure of date of birth. Was 2 years Unsure of date of birth. Was 2 years

old at census in July 1870old at census in July 1870 Born in Northeast TexasBorn in Northeast Texas Moved to Texarkana while still youngMoved to Texarkana while still young

TexarkanaTexarkana

Scott JoplinScott Joplin

In the 1880’s, Joplin lived in Sedalia, In the 1880’s, Joplin lived in Sedalia, MO as a teenager.MO as a teenager.

Joplin worked as Joplin worked as an itinerant an itinerant musician.musician.

When not traveling When not traveling Joplin played piano Joplin played piano at local eventsat local events

Died April 1, 1917Died April 1, 1917

Joplin’s MusicJoplin’s Music

Joplin received a 1-cent royalty from the Joplin received a 1-cent royalty from the sales of printed music of “Maple Leaf Rag,” sales of printed music of “Maple Leaf Rag,” which gave him a small, steady income for which gave him a small, steady income for the rest of his life.the rest of his life.

Sales of “Maple Leaf Rag” reached half a Sales of “Maple Leaf Rag” reached half a million in 10 years.million in 10 years.

Wrote “The Entertainer” (used in movie, Wrote “The Entertainer” (used in movie, The StingThe Sting))

Also wrote an opera called “Treemonisha”Also wrote an opera called “Treemonisha”