Jaworzno case study in Poland - Bioreactive barrier and ... · Jaworzno case study in Poland - Bioreactive barrier and pollution spread pattern in groundwater Beata Kończak| Central

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Jaworzno case study in Poland - Bioreactive barrier and pollution spread pattern in groundwater

Beata Kończak| Central Mininig Institute| Katowice, Poland

TAKING COOPERATION FORWARD 2

LINDANE PRODUCTION AND USE

For each tonne of Lindane produced -

8-10 tonnes of HCH-waste has been

produced

HCH residuales in France (2.11.1972) (Public Prosecutor of Canton Basel-Stadt),

Lindane products

Photo : Vijgen J. (2006), The legacy if isomer HCH production

Photo : www.southernliving.com

Lindane, also known as gamma-

hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH),

gammaxene, Gammallin has been

used both as an agricultural

insecticide and as a pharmaceutical

treatment for lice and scabies


ONE OF THE SEVEN MOST IMPORTANT

“HOT SPOTS” IN THE BALTIC SEA BASIN

POLAND

Jaworzno

VISTULA RIVER

Baltic

HOT SPOT

Przemsza


„RUDNA GÓRA” CENTRAL WASTE LANDFILL

• About 200 thousand tones of dangerous waste

recorded up to now

• Mainly HCH isomeres, but also organic solvents

and other pesticides (tetradifon, heptachlor,DDX)

• Landfill leachates contaminate groundwater


KEY SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS

K Field: mining and

chemical waste

"Rudna Góra"

Central Waste

Landfill (CSO)

The area of Organika-Azot

factory

Decommissioning of

production and storage

buildings

B Filed:

Slag and sludges

containing cyanides

A Field: mining and

chemical waste

Lindane

storage NAPL

storage

trenches


PROJECT FOKS: FOCUS ON KEY

SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS

The main goals of the project were identify the key pollution sources, assess

environmental risks, create tools to help select the technology that would stop

emission of contaminants, and to development of remediation concept.

REMEDIATION CONCEPT


1 CSO

1. Main CSO

4. Internal CSO

5. North CSO

6. LSN, LSS

7. Pool of NAPLs

SOUTH AND NORTH PLUME OF HCH


COMPARISION OF RESULTS

2018 2010

Southern plume:

Lindane and

Tech-grade HCH

Northern plume:

Persistent bHCH


REMEDIATION FOKS CONCEPT

Legend:

pump&treat system

bioreactive barrier

impermeable bentonite

barrier

The remediation concept is based on the deliverables from FOKS investigations.

Elimination of key sources will

be preceded by:

– cutting off the pathway of

contaminants,

– elimination of contaminant

emission from key sources.


AMIIGA - Integrated Approach to Management of

Groundwater quality In functional urban Areas

Step 2a

• supplement the existing monitoring data with new information from sampling campaigns

Step 3

• building a numerical model of the site

Step 2b

• implementation of passive groundwater treatment system

• adaption of FOKS tools

• acquisition and store of different data Step 1

development of assumptions to the groundwater

management plan with involvement of Regional

Implementation Group Step 4


SAMPLING CAMPAIGNS

1st campaign: June 2017r.

2nd campaign: June 2018r.

• samples of groundwater:

chemical, microbiological

and isotope analysis

• samples of trees:

alder, birch, pine, maple,

poplar, oak – chemical

analysis

www.gratefultreesandbees.com


COMPARISION OF RESULTS

IPT wells-sum of HCH(ug/l)

< 12,5

12,5-25

25-35

35-140

140-235

235-525

> 525

2010 2017

SUM OF HCH (µg/l)

FOKS PROJECT AMIIGA PROJECT

decreasing


COMPARISION OF RESULTS – IPT LINE


CONCENTRATION OF SOLVENTS – 2017/18


PLUMES OF HCH

QGis – MOVING AVERAGE METHOD EMPIRICAL METHOD

ArcGis – CRACING TECHNIQUE TREES RESULTS


RESULTS - NEW PIEZOMETERS ON THE OUTSKIRTS

OF JAWORZNO SITE

ORGANIKA AZOT

FACTORY


PASSIVE SAMPLING – BMTs ANALYSIS

DURATION TIME: 05.06.2017r.-28.11.2017r.

BMT methods (PCR, qPCR) were used:

• to describing microbial consortia at

pilot site,

• for quantification of the level of

specific genes (denitrifying bacteria -

nirK gene, sulfate-reducing bacteria -

dsrA gene, anaerobic organohalide

respiration bacteria – Dsb gene and

vinyl chloride (VC) reductase vcrA).

• for quantification of the level of

specific enzymes for HCH

biodegradation (linA, linB, linD),

• to evaluate potentials for natural

attenuation and/or enhanced

biodegradation.

Photo: Magda Nechanicka, Iva

Dolinova, Denisa Vlkova, PP5 Photo: Beata Kończak


RESULTS OF BMT ANALYSIS

Samples from the waste collection area and confirmed high HCH degraders’ abundance

Jaworzno site have the potential for natural bioremediation of HCH


BIOBARRIER PROJECT


BIOBARRIER – PREPARATION OF BACTERIA

INOCULUM

• Bacillus cereus,

• Pseudomonas mucidolens,

• Pseudomonas putida A,

• Paenibacillus polymyxa,

• Pseudomonas putida,

• Enterobacter cancerogens.

INOCULUM: Control –

day 0

Control –

day 7

Sample –

day 0

Sample –

day 7

HCH isomers

% o

f degra

dati

on

~15% of HCH degradation though biodegradation in 7 days


BIOBARRIER – SELECTION OF SORBENTS

It was measured:

• pH, conductivity, ORP,

• HCH concentration

• flow velocity, pore volumes


CONSTRUCTION OF BIOBARRIER

BB1 BB2 BB3 BB3/4

BB4

BB4/5 BB5

BB6

Influent

Efffluent

Enchancement

with microbial

inocula


CONSTRUCTION OF BIOBARRIER

Construction period: 10.2017 – 02.2018

Monitoring period: 05.2018 – 08.2018


MONITORING OF BIOBARRIER WORKING

absorption

biodeg.





The growth of autochthonous

bacteria (summer time, good

conditions for growth)

The decrease in

number of bacteria

population after

the contact with

iron chips

Inoculation

The decrease in

numer of

bateria after

the leakage

The uncontrol

inflow from

other site

Re-inoculation


Beata Kończak

Central Mining Institute, Departament of Water Protection

CE32 AMIIGA Project

+48 32 259 26 28

[email protected]

www.interreg-central.eu/amiiga

THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!

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Jaworzno case study in Poland - Bioreactive barrier and ... · Jaworzno case study in Poland - Bioreactive barrier and pollution spread pattern in groundwater Beata Kończak| Central