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Japan’s Pacific Campaign. Chapter 32, Section 2. vs. Introduction. Japan attacks Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and brings the United States into World War II. Japan was busy conquering an empire that dwarfed Hitler’s Third Reich - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Japan’s Pacific Campaign
Chapter 32, Section 2
vs.
Introduction
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and brings the United States into World War II
Japan was busy conquering an empire that dwarfed Hitler’s Third Reich
Japan had conquered much of southeast Asia including the Dutch East Indies, Guam, and most of China
Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor
Japan and the United States Japan develops a plan
for attacks on European colonies and U.S. bases
In 1941 President Franklin D. Roosevelt cuts off oil shipments to Japan. Admiral Isoroku
Yamamoto plans attack on U.S. fleet in Hawaii
Route of Japanese Fleet Attacking Pearl Harbor
Pearl HarborPearl Harbor
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
Pearl Harbor from the Cockpit of a Japanese Pilot
Pearl Harbor from the Cockpit of a Japanese Pilot
Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941
A date which will live in infamy!
USS Arizona, Pearl HarborUSS Arizona, Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor MemorialPearl Harbor Memorial
2,887 Americans Dead!
Waves of the Attack First wave,
182 planes Second
wave, 171 planes
USS Arizona Memorial
Day of Infamy
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor—U.S. Naval base in Hawaii—on December 7, 1941
U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941.
Japan also attacks Hong Kong, Thailand, and other islands
President Roosevelt Signs the US Declaration of WarPresident Roosevelt Signs the US Declaration of War
Japanese Victories
Guam and Wake Island The Philippines
Japanese attack Philippine Islands defended by U.S., Filipino troops.
Philippine islands fall to Japanese in 1942.
U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,
the Philippines [March, 1942]
U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,
the Philippines [March, 1942]
Bataan Death March The forcible transfer of
75,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war in the Philippines from the Bataan peninsula to prison camps
Beheadings, cut throats and casual shootings were the more common and merciful actions — compared to bayonet stabbings, rapes, disembowelments, numerous rifle butt beatings and a deliberate refusal to allow the prisoners food or water while keeping them continually marching for nearly a week in tropical heat.
Bataan Death March: April, 1942
Bataan Death March: April, 1942
76,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans] Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to
POW camps in the Philippines.
Pictures of the Bataan Death March
Propaganda Poster in the U.S. after the Bataan Death March
Bataan Death March Memorial“The Battling Bastards of Bataan”
Gains in Many Places Japan captures British holdings,
including Hong Kong and Singapore. Japan conquers the Dutch East Indies
which is rich in minerals Japan captures Burma. This threatens
India, Britain’s main possession in Asia.
Japanese forces treat conquered peoples and prisoners of war brutally
Pacific Theater of Operations
Pacific Theater of Operations
Singapore Surrenders[February, 1942]
Singapore Surrenders[February, 1942]
The Burma CampaignThe Burma Campaign
The “Burma Road”
General Stilwell Leaving Burma,
1942
Doolittle Raid U.S. bombers attack
Tokyo and other Japanese cities in April 1942. (Here Lt. Col. James H.
Doolittle wires a Japanese medal to a bomb, for "return" to its originators in the first U.S. air raid on the Japanese Home Islands.)
Raid does little damage, but shows that Japan is vulnerable.
Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle:First U. S. Raids on Tokyo, 1942Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle:
First U. S. Raids on Tokyo, 1942
Allies Turn the Tide
Battle of the Coral Sea—Americans stop Japanese advance, May 1942.
New kind of naval warfare—ships launch planes to fight each other (see next slide).
Battle of the Coral Sea:May 7-8, 1942
Battle of the Coral Sea:May 7-8, 1942
Bombers do not engage each other, but pass each other on the way to the enemy aircraft carrier.
The Allies Strike Back
The Battle of Midway Japanese send powerful fleet to capture
Midway Island. Battle of Midway—U.S. destroy half of
Japan’s aircraft carriers causing Japan to retreat.
Battle of Midway Island:June 4-6, 1942
Battle of Midway Island:June 4-6, 1942
Battle of Midway Island:June 4-6, 1942
Battle of Midway Island:June 4-6, 1942
An Allied Offensive MacArthur’s Plan
Douglas MacArthur—American army commander in the Pacific.
He plans to “island-hop” past strongholds in order to attack weaker Japanese bases.
Allied Counter-Offensive:“Island-Hopping”
Allied Counter-Offensive:“Island-Hopping”
“Island-Hopping”: US Troops on Kwajalien Island
“Island-Hopping”: US Troops on Kwajalien Island
Guadalcanal Battle of Guadalcanal—hellish battle that
ends in Allied victory.
Guadalcanal Diary (book and film) Hollywood cooperated
with the war effort by producing films to build the morale of the American people.
Released in 1943. The film recounts the fight
of the United States Marines in the Battle of Guadalcanal, which occurred only a year before the movie's release. While the film has notable battle scenes, its primary focus is on the characters and back stories of the Marines.
Farthest Extent of Japanese Conquests
Farthest Extent of Japanese Conquests