JAPAN AND KOREAReported by:

Estrella, RobertSantiago, Reynalyn

Yelo, Yuki

JAPANJapanese Flag

Red Circle- Represents the Sun - Land of the Rising Sun - Brightness, Sincerity and Warmth.

White- represents honesty and purity

LOCATION

lies between latitudes 24° and 46°N, and longitudes 122° and 146°E

Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire

Japan's closest neighbors are Korea, Russia and China. The Sea of Japan separates the Asian continent from the Japanese archipelago.

Total area: 377,944 km2. Japan has a total of 6,852

islands

LOCATIONJapan consists of several thousands of islandsHonshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku are

the four largest islands

LOCATION

CLIMATETwo major type:a.)  A marine or oceanic climateb.) A tropical climate

• Two periods of heavy rains occur • Between these two periods the country is hot,

humid and rainless with typhoons

CLIMATEHokkaido - long, cold winters and cool

summers. Precipitation is not great.

Sea of Japan - heavy snowfalls,. In summer it is a little less rainy than the Pacific area but sometimes experiences extreme high temperatures.

Ryukyu Islands - subtropical climate with warm winters and hot summers. Precipitation is very high, and is especially affected by the rainy season and typhoons.

POPULATIONAs of March 2009, Japan's population is

127,076,18 ( 10th most populated country)

NATURAL HAZARDSStormsFrequent tremors and earthquakes

9 CULTURAL UNIVERSALSPLACE AND TIME

-latitudes 24° and 46°N, and longitudes 122° and 146°E-GMT + 9:0

FAMILY/LIFEKozokuIdea of GeneologyMale Headship

ECONOMICSExportsImportsJapan Industries:

EvolutionIron & Steel DevelopmentOil – Based industriesCountry rely on nuclear powerEgalitarian SocietyBoom Industries

Japan’s agriculture, economic growth, economic system and its recessionAgriculture

Japan’s Natural ResourcesImport of raw materials and energy suppliesImportsForestsArable landsWeather

ECONOMYDouble CroppingFarming GoodsFarm mechanizationFishingYen

FOOD, COTHING, SHELTER, AND TRANSPORTATONRice-Fish-Kimono-Optimizing available space as a place for

home-Train, Bus, Cabs, Bikes

FOOD, COTHING, SHELTER, AND TRANSPORTATON

COMMUNICATIONJapaneseEnglishFrowning while someone is

speaking is interpreted as a sign of disagreement.

RespectfulIt is considered disrespectful to

stare into another person's eyes, particularly those of a person who is senior to you because of age or status.

Take turnsPrefers to listen

GOVERNMENTConstitutional MonarchyEmperor as Symbol of the stateJapan Immigration Laws

Citizenship is determined by blood relationship. 

Certain persons can become naturalized citizens.

Travelling to Japan for pleasure or business from the United States requires a passport but does not require a visa for visits of 90 days or less.

For students, Japan grants permission to remain for a period of six months to two years, depending on the educational level.

Foreigners who wish to remain in Japan indefinitely can apply for permanent resident status.

Japan grants work visas for up to three years.

ARTS AND RECREATION

KarateMountain ClimbingBonsaiSumo

EDUCATIONReformed by AmericansSchool year starts in April and consists of

three terms, separated by short holidays in spring and winter, and a one month long summer break.

EDUCATIONEducation is compulsory at the elementary

and lower secondary levelsMost students attend public schools through

the lower secondary level, but private education is popular at the upper secondary and university levels.

Six years of elementary school, three years of junior high school, three years of high school, two or four years of university.

EDUCATION

Known Universities:1University of Tokyo 2Kyoto University 3Osaka University 4Tokyo Institute of Technology 5Tohoku University 6Keio University 7Kyushu University 8Nagoya University 9Hokkaido University 10Tsukuba University

QUEST FOR SUPERNATURALShintoismBuddhismmost "life" events are handled by Shinto and

"death" or "afterlife" events are handled by Buddhism

Difference of Shinto and BuddhismShinto lays importance to religious actions and

rites rather than words and preaching The foundation of Buddhism is the words and

preaching of Buddha. Buddhism focuses on an altruistic life that leads to salvation

Shinto worships the forces of nature, polytheism and animism

Buddhism is all about following an ethical code of conduct in one’s life and practice meditation and renunciationRead more:

MatsuriFestivals are usually sponsored by a local

shrine or temple, though they can be secular.Ex: Tōrō nagash

JAPAN’S HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDJapan’s dominant ethnic

group are the Japanese. the oldest surviving

Japanese written records date from the 8th century C.E.

Jimmu first emperor of Japan

tradition of kinshipIn 12th century, the shoguns

controlled the county mean while the samurai’s ruled the provinces.

JAPAN’S HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDin early mid-16th century adventurous Europeans reached Japan. beginning with the Portuguese in 1540s.merchants and roman catholic missionaries.

JAPAN’S HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Ieyasu tokugawa

ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600.

He proclaimed himself as Nihon Koku Taikun.

Japan settled into two centuries.

JAPAN’S HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Gunboat diplomacy Matthew Perry

JAPAN’S HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDmeiji restoration.

Meiji Ishin, Revolution, Reform or Renewal

was initiated in 1866 

The meiji restoration modernized Japan's economy.

JAPAN’S POST WAR MIRACLE The US military occupation of

Japan from 1945 to 1952.

The divine status of the emperor was officially abolished.

a new US written constitution made Japan a constitutional monarchy.

JAPAN’S POST WAR MIRACLEJapans special relationship with the united

states boosted the economy long after the American occupation ended.

Japans postwar economic recovery accelerated.

JAPAN’S POST WAR MIRACLE

The distinguishing characteristics of the Japanese economy during the "economic miracle" years .

 keiretsu Shuntō Shūshin koyō

KEIRETSU

SHUNTO SHUSHIN KOYO

HEALTH PRACTICES/PROVISION IN JAPAN

SHIATSU

Hari (acupuncture)

kyu (moxibustion)

Japan’s Health Belief and Practices• Self care is not an important concept.

• Japanese believe that good health is related to taking care of oneself and is associated with being able to maintain independence and live disease-free.

• Their health care practices tend to be Magico-Religious, which is a combination of following different religious and magical practices.

They may consult with priests to seek luck and avoid evil before important decisions or activities.

• Western beliefs in health promotion are becoming more accepted.

Health procedures should be thoroughly explained.

May have difficulty providing information related to a screening if issues are sensitive, but will disclose information out of respect for

health care professionals.

Japan’s Health ServicesAnnual health checks (kenshin)

are provided free to just about everyone in Japan, including foreigners.

 No 'family doctor' system  National Health Insurance  Employees' Health Insurance National Health Program for

the Elderly Employees' Pension Insurance

Japan’s Healthcare System

Japanese Lifestyle

Japanese DietJapanese food is

credited with giving the Japanese people a higher life expectancy than any other group of people in the world. 

Fish is the primary source of protein in Japanese food. 

Protein-rich soy is a staple in the Japanese diet. 

Fruits that are rich in antioxidants

Buckwheat soba noodles, a national favorite, are high in fiber and protein.

Japanese diet back up some is tea. 

Japanese Food

Rice Noodles - Udon and soba Noodles - Ramen Seafood & Meat Soy products

SakeShochuJapanese WhiskyJapanese Wine

Traditional Culture & Ceremony

ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONCherry Blossoms

Kimono

Gardening in japanGeisha

sado

Japanese plum or ume 

Festivals (Matsuri)

Autumn leaves (koyo)

Sumo

The Japanese sword (nihonto)

Hanetsuki is a traditional Japanese New Year's game

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION• Japanese Culture

• Japanese consumers are notoriously fickle and demanding. They often chose quality over price.

• A lot of Japanese sleep on the subways and trains. At home they often sleep on futons  

•  A traditional meal is served with rice, vegetables miso soup and fruit.

• Japan is one of the world's most efficient recycling nations

• Vending machines are everywhere in Japan.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONDinning EtiquetteMeetingBusinessDress Etiquette

KOREA

KOREA Colony of Japan Served as a bridge between Japan and Asia

mainland Korea a “unified state” Demilitarized Zone Korea divided into North Korea “communist”

and South Korea “democratic” “America’s Forgotten war”Capital South Korea: Seoul North Korea: Pyongyang

FLAG very philosophical, Eum-Yang

 flag of 'Great Extremes‘

very philosophical, Eum-Yang

 flag of 'Great Extremes'

 white background of the flag means peace

red and blue circle in the center is called 'Taeguk', the origin of all things in the universe, perfect harmony and balance> The blue

part of is called 'Eum' and represents all negative aspects of the balance.

The red part is called 'Yang' and describes all positive apects. Kun Heaven Yi Fire Kam Water Kon Earth

LOCATIONan East Asian geographic regionKorea lies adjacent to China and Japan.divided into 2 sovereign states219,140 km2

North Korea's latitude and longitude is 40° 00' N and 127° 00' E

South Korea's latitude and longitude is 37° 00' N and 127° 30' E

The southern and western parts of the peninsula have well-developed plains, while the eastern and northern parts are mountainous

Korean Boundary

LOCATONKorean Peninsula

Largely mountainous, “Mt. Baekdu”Rivers are short, unnavigable “Yalu” “Tumen”Islands are rocky, uninhabitedSurrounded by bodies of water such as

Yellow Sea, Korea Strait, Cheju Strait, Korea Bay, sea of Japan.

South Korea Demography

North Korea Demography

CLIMATE

SpringSummerAutumnWinter

9 CULTURAL UNIVERSALS

FAMILY/LIFE

North Korea:-family size tends to be small-No more than two generations in the

houseSouth Korea:

-Filial piety-Traditionally, the purpose of marriage

was to produce a male heir to carry on the family line

-Father and Son relationship

ECONOMICSSouth Korea: 2.7% GDP on militaryNorth Korea: 23% GDP on its militaryHyundaiIMF( International Monetary Fund)Chaebols

FOOD, CLOTHING,SHELTER, AND, TRANSPORTAIONRice is the staple foodCorn Double crop irrigated fields (South Korea)KimchiHanokAirport, Subway, Trains

North Korea Famine“ Ardous March “worse than warDiminished grain production in late 1980ssought to make country food self – sufficient5 policy strategiesPolitic Food AidsCurrent State of North Korea’s Food System

CommunicationThis is a culture where "less is more" when

communicating.North Korea is banned from communicating

from the outside world

EDUCATIONSouth Korea

centralized administration oversees the process for the education of children from kindergarten to the third and final year of high school. Mathematics, science, Korean social studies, and English

The school year is divided into two semesters. The first begins in the beginning of March and ends in

mid-July; the second begins in late August and ends in mid-February.

North Koreaeducation in North Korea is free, compulsory, and

universal for 11 years, from ages four to 15, in state-run schools.

GOVERNMENTSouth Korea

Presidential republicPresident (Head of State)Prime Minister( Appointed by President)

North KoreaCommunismthe highest decisions are made by the National

Defense Commission of North Korea which was led by its Chairman

GOVERNMENTKorean Immigration Laws

South Korea offers several kinds of employment visas

Foreign residents of South Korea who want to become naturalized citizens can apply to do so after a certain amount of time in the country. 

The South Korean immigration service has special rules regarding the spouses of people in the country for work and the foreign spouses of Korean nationals.

QUICK VIEW OF KOREAS POLITICAL HISTORYKorea has had a turbulent

recent political history. first as a colony of Japan then as a land divided between

the north and south.The division of Korea after WWll

and the subsequent war shaped the early politics of the Republic of Korea.

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) led by Kim Il Sung.

PROSPECTS FOR REUNIFICATION AND RECONCILIATION

OF KOREA

Reunification is not favored by the south.

China and Japan would apparently be happier to have a weaker divided Korea.

North Korea is not really interested in reunification.

PROSPECTS FOR RECONCILATON AND RENIFICATION

south Korea is fearful of the enormous economic cost.

Estimates the cost of Korean unification is $25 billion o 3.5 trillion.

usually concentrate on financial cost only.

For now, there is little thought of Korean unification.

ARTS AND RECREATIONTaekwondoMusicTelevisionDancingMountain

ClimbingSoccerGoing to

coffee shops

QUEST FOR SUPERNATURALShamanismBuddhism ChristianityMugyo

CONTRAST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO KOREASSouth Korea:

Fluctuated between attempts at democracy and repressive military dictatorship

Heavily dependent on relationships with the United States and Japan.

Has it’s own goods like food2.7% GDP on militaryChaebolsOne of the world’s highest Ph.D.’s per capitaDemocratic and Free TradeHas abundant and cheap human resource

CONTRAST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO KOREASNorth KoreaCommunist state-Juche-Political Independence, Economic self-sustenance,

National defense-Limit contact with the outside world-23% GDP on its military-has to import goods like food-abundant corn, iron ore, and forests-Principal exports are Military products, heroin,

amphetamines, semi-synthetic drugs, and counterfeit money.

Korea’s Health Belief and PracticesMany Koreans were raised to view

illness as result of bad luck or misfortune, so being healthy is seen as having harmony or balance between soul and physical being.

Korean men may be stoic about pain, but it is also not unusual for them to be dramatic about illness.

Pain medication is not frequently used.

A bedpan may be preferred to toilet. Doctors are well-respected in the

Korean community

Korean’s Healthcare System

Koreans Lifestyle

Korean Food / DietFood is delectable, hearty, and distinct.Preparation often involves the process of fermentation.Korean diet uses much grains and vegetables which add fiber

and protein from both vegetables and meats. Korean food has moderate calories and low fat and sweet taste-

very healthy and well-balanced. 

Korean cuisine is largely based upon rice, vegetables, and meats.Kimchi is served often, sometimes at every meal. The most distinguishing feature of the Korean food is the

spiciness. Koreans also like meat dishes. Soup culture was developed because of the famine or cold

weather.

Traditional Culture & Ceremony

Korea’s Health ServicesHealth Security System

National Health Insurance Program

Medical Aid Program

Long-term Care Insurance Program

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

IN KOREA

Herbalism practice of using

plant material.flowers, plants,

shrubs, trees, moss, lichen, fern, algae, seaweed or fungus.

Acupuncture needles withdrawing blood and

stimulating

Moxibustionstick or a cone of burning

mugwort

Aromatherapy •plant oils•Flowers•Herbs

Meditation relaxing calming the mind and body.

KOREAN CULTUREKorean Buddhism -  Buddhism has a long

history, originating in India over 2,600 years ago

Kimchi – Korea’s foodTraditional Korean clothing, HanbokThe Lunar New Year holiday, also known

elsewhere as Chinese New year, is second in importance only to Chuseok (the Harvest Moon Festival).

KOREAN CULTURESokuram is the finest example of Buddhist culture. Taekwondo, Korea's traditional martial art Korean Ginseng has been well known as a remedy

for all illnesses of all sorts. Talchum is a popular Korean play Jerae-ak is a form of music played during a

sacrificial rite to the kings Four Seaons of SoraksanJerae-ak is a form of music played during a

sacrificial rite to the kings

SOURCES AND REFERENCES http://www.japan-guide.com/list/e1000.htm http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/japan-country-profiles.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan#Geograph http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_family http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e644.html http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2136.html http://www.patheos.com/Library/Japanese-Religion.html http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2150.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea#Geography http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/Korea-South.html http://www.country-studies.com/north-korea/family-life.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_North_Korea http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Korea http://www.japan-guide.com http://www.shenventure.com/2011/05/24/traditional-korean-lifestyle/ http://thejapanfaq.com/ http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/korea/image.html http://www.japan-zone.com/culture/ http://factsanddetails.com/japan