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eth eldsioxeni ,ierit beunitnoo ahoqxe 1,evoe,oM .erthu easeioni ton bib ahoqxe o ytilidsffioq
adqsigsisq gniwollo! silT .aeutivibs pnihoqxe aevitne3nu pnitsiohetsb o fXetnOo silt ni neflo
.Iisteb isiseig ni atnioq eeeilt no etsiodsie
d beiquoooeiq sew yoiloq nseioN aOeF edflo tnemmevog eed erlt,ebnU .ee'uo)l F.t.C
ierltie of eonshoqmi lslu3ihsq on berl3sfts tnsmmevop crlf bns enoifsiebisnoo Isoitiloq ylegisi
egnsilaxe elqitlum siew eietlT 08eF ,pno(s8 bns aenol) ehoqxe io iltwoig 3imonooe
.(ec-8C ,eF Jj AnsiR) asibiadue hoqxe o emmsigo,q evitoelteni bissrlqsri s brie sets,
emorl iot ameti nistieo hoqmi of agnimse tloqxe iierlf to eisda s iiiste, bluoo aiehoqxe ,evewoH
tehsm-ee,t crlf ievenerlw ybiadua hoqxe epiel s otni betsianeit rl3irlw metaVa s no,tqmuanoo
.bease,oni eiew sevitneoni hoqxe eeer ieflA .etsi Isioi!to silt molt yltseig begievib egnerloxe
.98I ni ahsq eisqs brie aisheism wei to ahoqmi no noitqmexe !thst nevig siew aishoqx3
ataoo noitouboiq iierlt to tneoieq of qu lot siehoqxe of eldelisve ebsm sew tibeio beibiedu2
95013 etal egrisrioxe IsioiUo silt ttlguoid Feet flu yonenuo edt to no,tsulsvsb s bnA .Q9F iii osis
.etsi te*ism-eeil silt of
to eqoos silt reer at sM no quoo yistilim s iii ,evo oot *is tnebiae,q ,ette ,etsJ
brie besse,oni sew afibeio hoqxe no biadus sifT .beg,slne yliseig sew noitsibiadua hoqxe
xst emooni silT .xst yfivitos aaeniaud edt brie xst ytibommoo edt molt bet qmexe siew aiehoqxe
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anoiteulsveb edt to stoelts evitneoni edt ,ievewoH .(e @F lnsiR) eeer yd tuo beasdq
gniaii of bel tent aeioiloq oimonooeoiosm yisnoiansqxe yd beboie siew atneip tiaso stit bns
A .caer i sets, egnerloxe lellsieq brie Isioitto neewled qep bewenei s brie C8-8QF ni noitsitni
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ythohq pniivip to soitosiq gnitsixe edt isey tent ni .iarlhut bebnsqxe e,ew aemmeigoiq ybisdus
bewolls siew e,srioqx3 .bebneqxe brie beiilsmiot sew seansoil hoqmi gnhiupoe flu alehoqxe of
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tuqtuo-iuqrii 'aehfaubni brie 'amill lo aiaed silt no ylevits,fainimbe benurrnefeb asw fimil
beiiupos ahoqmi edt eoni8 .(O Jj ,lnsiR) "e3aswoiis eQsfasw' lo niism s auiq atneioifleo3
ybiadua tnso11inia s aew aidt ,ts)hem oitaemob edt ni bioa ed biuoo eonswolis eget sew edt iebau
hsiu3ihsq emsoed alehoqxe of tibe,o bexibiedu8 .doua as beau yiauoioanoo sew brie
.eaet ,etls fnshoqmi
gnihoqxe lo ytiiidetlloiq evitsie, erli bsase,oni aeiuasem eaedt tent tduob Ori SI sieril
amesa osla ti ,,evewoH .aO8e F edt Ic isom Qrihub beiisveiq ben tent noitsutia edt ot beisqmoo
-bim edt ni nenif edtei oa-eaet bnuois tiel sew aevitneoni edt lo tosqmi faeteei edt fsrlt iselo
ybiadus hoqxe edt (I) :anoassi owt of sub ylegisl si emiT .nsged mood hoqxe edt neriw aOOer
qep silt aeniw O8-e9 F ni Insoilinpie yheluoitisq sew metaya ,Inui tioqmi-hoqxe silt iii fioiiqmi
enif lo yrism beboe noitsitni (ii) brie ;egisi sew setsi egnedoxe iellsisq brie isiolilo edt neewted
lo eqooa pninsbiw edt brie taer lo rioitsulsveb silT .ieet brie t89F nsewted aevitneoni hoqxe
.yllsihsq ylno OeeF eons aevitneoni lo noitsioheteb sill teallo btuoo aeibiadua hoqxe
nesioN iol ets, spnsdoxe evifoetle lsei edt efolq doidw , eugiR ni rises ed riso suiT
lo fnelsviupe yeteriom edt aebulon, rloiulw etsi eprisitoxe lse edt to eiuasem 6 21 aiilT .ahoqxs
asvitneoni xst ,atnep niaso nul hoqmi silt nlguoidt eimeq tioqxe) ahoqxe no asibiadus edt lie
edt to xebni elshqoiqqs as e,ole,sdf ci brie ,(e?IiJ silt bits zfibeio hoqxe ,efioqmi es1-yfub
nevs ,fsnlt eton eW ymonooe nseioN silt ni sitivitos iedto of evifsle, pnitioqxe to ytiiidstitoiq
ybiadua hoqxs as bebivoiq enoie eoriswolle epstaew edt tedt etemitas (88 e\9F) ,IasiW .,sswtool brie aohdel nishso ni tneo,sq t2-VF of qu bns 9ps1evs no 889f lii taeoieq 8i to
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ni benietta level edt woled yllautos brie ,aisey !o elquo3 Qnibe3elq edt iii nan ,et1id tne3leq
,ierlt rij69i 01 ton e,ew yedt ,biswno I9t moi! tee! ylev ceo, arioqxe riguorif riev3 .oa-eeer
aO'V9 t-bim edt y8 flehd ylno niegs nedt brie aO'e F yhee edt litnu ytilidstl!o,q !o level oa-eae F
evitale, edt fey ,a089F yhee edt ni nsdt iegisl aemit net yhsen esw oils, aO-hoqxe edt
8',awol esw ahoqxe lo ytilidsti!o,q
evitelsi edt ni easeioni tnsoi!irigie s ritiw betsiooees ton esw huqe hoqxe crlf concH
nse,oN lo ybuta evitsthonlfus iiedt ni .a,edto yd baton riced cad culT .ehoqxe lo ytilidsti!o,q
cdl ni eoslq oot tsdt eegnsnlo yoiloq lenteubni edt" tsrtt etafe yltioilqxe noasM tnemqoleveb
of evitneoni eldeiuasem edt ni easeioni trisoilingia a ni tluaei yhselo ton bib aOeeF cdt lo lIen fail!
of ehoqxe nse,oN lo ytivitianee edt efemitee of iqmetts (9 F) ,lns,R (8C F O89 F) "hoqxe
moil tsdt [ci oe gniob ni] yiluoiThb nism edt" tsdt eton brie aelbiedue hoqxe brie aelsi egnenloxe
.(848 .qq) "ybseta ylda*ismei benisme, ahoqxe io! etsi egnsdoxe evitoelte edt O'Q F 01 89 F
.Ilew as (O8t) gno(s2 brie aenoL yd baton ci tnioq emse silT
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io! eldienioqeei aew tent aevitneoni Ia ytiHdsta antI eaw Ii Jan11 taeggue noasM .y,otoslciJse
(beunitnoo.. evitslhodtus teom edt ale ,beasd cia cetsmitee eeenlt doidw no ybute (F) Ins,9 ,eihse
emipei ebsit e'eeioN lo etoeqas evitstitnsup edt no eeoiuoe betio ylebiw bns
io eeibiadua concH .lsvel eohq oifaemob edt ci xebni eidt to ofsnimoneb cdl fsdt eton eW ojtasmob edt eais, aeioiloq rbua lent tnetxe edt of beiutqso ci ceitivitos hoqxe-rion to noitoetoiq
.eeitivitos hoqxe lo aeohq of evifelsi level eohq
ci ahoqxe ni cession anti iol eldianoqac, eiew aeioiloq belneho-hoqxe lsrtt fnemugis edT8 a089t edt ni eeioiloq eta, egnedoxe brie abeit tsdt tuo gnilnioq yd ,eaiug lne,emb a iii ebam netlo
gniqoleveb iedto ni need avert ylnommoo yerft es) ahoqxe teniegs yiotsnimhoeib ylhevo ton eiew 10 oils, cdl gnbIsi molt eemoo eidf ,o! eonebive edT .(92 F) egs elqmsxe ,o! caB .(eehtnuoo bet sluolso nitod) ehoqmi of elm egnsrtoxe evitoelle cr11 of ahoqxe iol elm egnsdoxe evitoelle edt
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.(30r-8 ,20F-8 ,aOt-8 ,OF- aeldsT ,et .isle (ns,R sea) boheq ,eihee crlf ni
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,lns,R oals sea) mood hoqxe silt
ytilidsta beonerine rtw noase, iselo Ofl 21 e,srlf aeifivptos eilfo of evitslei ei-ioqxe !o fiIidsffioiq
o sgns s of hoesi gno,1s8 bns aenoL 9.asitivitos isrito ievo ahoqxe bsiovs evsrl bluorla
tuqni islqmia aeitinuhoqqo gnu)lssa-fnsl ni noifoubel ,filidsta isiseip nibuloni ,anoitsnslqxs
ysinuosq-non bus ,"efsmilo aeeniaud" sldsiovs siom s qiilaiebsel lsoifiloq 1S913 ,noifiaiupos
silt nisgs sonO (09 ,089F) aiehoqxe luaasooua io abisws lsifnebiaeiq 26 rloua aeviineoni
siosisilt bns ,aeitivitos gnihoqxe of oiIioeqa ton sis aiOt3S easilt guoms pnilleqmoo siom
Ot•9jj,ijf39 istito nsrlt ietas beessioni ehoqxs iw io tnuooos fonnso
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,emigei wen silt isbnU .betnemslqmi asw tail svitsOsn silt of fail svifieoq S moi riotiwa silt neriw
tsrlt eaorlt usd1 ieilts, betidiiloiq eiew fsrlt ameti scout Ino ytiosqa ot nsged anoitslugsi erit
to iedmuri silt E6-189t boheq silt ni .(fasq silt ni as) enoitohfae, of foejdua behoqmi ed bluoo
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suit moit siuaasiq iebnU .008, F bus 000, F neevvted begnsi anoifslugei ierlfo bns noitsoolls
aasl of ameti eldshoqmi to iedmun edt beoubei yllsutos tnemmevog silt ,atnemysq to eonslsd
litnu ,ietsl beassiorti isrthu! bns 889F ni beiofeei 26W level ca-reet silT .89F stsl ui 00 nsilt
.(0S. 99F ,gnoh) bsTlu300 riotiwa silt neriw '89F
-eiq silt ni ytnistisonu riihoqxe ritiw betsiooaas at 203 )lnUa to eoneaeiq silt ui tsrlt suit ai 11e
silt molt noifouboiq Dnifeixe pnirlotiwa moit alueneiqeitne betneveiq evsrl ysm boneq Be F
to ietfsm s ton esw eoslq loof tsilf mood hoqxe silt iSVSWOH .ets*ism bhow of ts*ism emoil abiswot bsfneho yllsoiioeqa yfiosqso wen to tnemileildstae silt belistus ti :noitouboiq pnirlotiwe svsil bluorla toetts iebio-taii silt aevitneoni evitslsi ui ytilidsta iltiW .ets*sm ngie,ot .atehsm smoil bus ngieiot iot ritod ytiosqso wen ni gnifaevni to ytilidstitoiq silt eonsrlne of need
toeiioo silt tnemegbuj ym ui al fsilw wsib (Q F) nsi9 ,euaei emsa silt griieeuoeib ril yd siom benisitanoo siew ahoqxe nse,o)1 rltuo8 tsiit eiesuitoqyrl ot eldiauslq 21 ti" :rioiaulonoo to bsefani hoqxs lot pniouboiq to ytilidsti!oiq evitsle, edt yd nsilt aboog eouboiq of ytiosqso edt ,o! iloisea siotsierlt taum ew ,noiaulonoo Isoiol eti of aiilt bnetxe oT .(e8 .q) "ate,hsm oitaemob
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sill ee-tee F y8 ra-8e F pnhub beilinu esw yoneiiuo sill brie ss,o) ni neill ieihss nave ,aOaQ F
need ybseils beil noilouboiq eldshoqxe iol aelsdei xsl ylibommoo brie ytub hoqmi 10 mel aye
npieiol lo lneo,sq 08 of qu aisle, of bewofis eiew aieiulos!unsm ,882F ni .befnemelqmi
bealsi aew oils, airil) .abeen tioqmi nwo iieill iol Ii ecu brie ahoqxe moil barnes yeril ensiloXe
at (.889 F 10 miolsi elsi-egasiloxe sill iefls amafi feom ioI agnimse hoqxe 10 lne3ieq 00 F ol
egneiloxe siqiflum eill ,yllsniR .behsla asw emmsigolq libeio hoqxe auoieneg ylevitsisi s \89F
gniyud siqillum sill 889F lhqA ni (i) :asgsfa Isievea ni t8-889F gnnub beilinu asw malaya ale,
,edmevo1 ni (ii) ;aelsi pnullee owl illiw lellsisq ni ,aetsi niyud owl olni belsbiloano3 siew eels,
brie (iii) ;efsi ieilpiil sill of qu lrlguoid siew sfs, ,awol sill ,ebnu ahoqmi brie ahoqxe ,889 F
eieey owl gniwollo! sill gnhub nsshebnu eiew enoifsoilulqmia brie anoitsulsveb ,onim ieilhul
sill neewled eone,eThb edt oaer yluL ya .(.11 9 bns 8- IC9F ,niJ ;0-8C ,ceeF pnoH)
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iol elsi spnsrl3xe evil3stts fiS 10 siuessm oilsillnya s evsil Ion ob ew ee,o)1 ni eliInU
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beebni al culT .eonsrmoiieq hoqxe moi! gnivheb afflened ytivitouboiq evifslumuo baa aievoHiqa
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silt o noiaauoaib Isieneg a io 9et ,lhbo1 baa ,hoqei suit o eupitho a ,o nbo sea)
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nil aeitilsmetxe edt rbidw moi seed iegsem edt !o weiv ni ,meldoiq ierltons aetututarioo tenT
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noifouboiq bns noitqmuaaoo lo alsvsl Isitini silT .8 elu@iR ni bsts,taulti si ohsnsoa suiT
iii fins s as bnsmsb insmtasvni ni sassioni silt tnsasiqsi eW .ylsvifosqaei , bns Is sis
silT .asldshoqmi svianstni-Istiqso siom silt abiswot bnsmeb smorl aessid iloirlw asonsie1siq
noitouboiq bns noitqmuanoo bstsiooaas suit iltiw rU asmooed won soshue eoasieThbni tnsvslei
silt as ,smsa suit anisms, xim noitouboiq suit tsrlt stoW) .ylevitosqasi bas O lo elevel
hoqxs bas atioqmi aymonoos suit tsrlt soiton eW (.bexil ed of nelst els ebsit lo arrnet Isrnetxe
siom ymonoos silt isbasi of si tnemtaevni ni eassioni as 10 to&ls tosqmi silT .bnsqxe rltod
loota 1sf iqso a'ymonooe silt aA .Iensq tilQh silt no awoila si foells nui-isnoI silT .abs,f of neqo
silt abswot beasid si tsrlt noirlasl s ni biswtuo asvom ieifnoil noitsrmolansit silt ebnsqxs
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nempuiN ,(e8er) .
yrlcpuM (aSer) lsnlqfaeW bns 1osI (18) inisR yd aieqsq ni beilsmio
lhbol brie eisl3-euphbol (C9t) smsyuatsM brie erioooi3 (FQ9F) smsyuetsM ,(t9Pt)
.(eer)
s as betneceiq netto ci eiuiist rioifenib,ooo terli need asri siutsiefil emit nlfiw meidoiq enO
ni fuo biel brie evods behsmmua lebom cr11 .ceimonooe to cbniA its gni!oetts meldoiq ohenep
)howemsit cr11 .cetiaiupe,ciq crlf fuods oitioeqc eiom ed of fqmetls ns ctrlece,qe, xibneqqs crlf
(i) :euaai cuohec s emooed of eiulist noitsnib,ooo s lot cetiaiupeie,q ceidl pniwoilot crlf etnlpilnlpinl
mebom crlf dfiw betsiooaas aboop io\bns eeigoionrloef crlf ni ylilidebsit-rion to esigeb emoa
to tnemwobne wol s tud) so,ot iuodsl belibla yldsnoasei s (iii) ;elsoa to seimonoos (ii) ;,otoea
eaeriswisT brie nseio) edt ni beacuocib need ybseils esil scent to feel silT .(lsfiqso lsoicyrlq
,eoneH .ceitivitos ,otoec-mebom edt to ynem ni cldiauslq oats e,s ceimoriooe elso8 .lxetnoo
.noiccuoeib Isnoifibbe celiupel IsdI slut set ylno crlf ci yfilidebsit-non
—dS—
al tiIidsbsit-non o esipeb emoa Isrit ,s&o ed bluorla fi ,noitoefte, a'tnemom B noqU
oa ed taiim aidT .aehfrnjoo rloh yd beouboiq aboog o aeqyt edt ritiw betsiooaas ylhsaaeoen
etsnimile bluow ebsit dguor1t epstidis :pnol io! iooq nisme, ton bluow aehtnuoo iooq eaiw,erlto
o ,edmun s ni beveado ai atuqni ,otoea-mebom %o yfilidsbs,t-non edt 1eoitosiq ni .aeithsqaib edt
bris beIIba tsrlt oa bebs,1-non yIevutoe1e hsq taom edt io eis aeoiv,ea iuodsJ .aysw tneieThb
qoleveb of beiupei neflo ataoo bexit edT .eldslisvs ylisool ed taum qir1ensm*ow beiIsioeqa
eis aboog Istiqso bne eisiberrnetnl .aeimonooe elsoa to aelutset ritiw merit wobne aIlula eeerlt
as) ,eau Isnit edt of ytimixoiq oirlqsigoeg isritie eliupe, aemilemoa yevll tud 1eldsbs,t elqionhq ni
Isool yistnemelqmoo to eau edt io (anoitsoitloeqa 'aieilqqua ot beutosksnsm siB yerit neriw
etsieqo of bebeen es aiehow belli,Ia neriw as) eau of tuq ed nso yeilf eioted atuqni
eldsbs,t-non B svsrl oals aeiQolonrtoet etiaiupei edt, nettO .(yienirlosm behoqmi bet soifairlqoa
angiseb ni beitiboo yltioilqxe ton bas tiost al yfilidsqso Isoigolonrloet to rioum as istoeni tnemels
:ti tuq IsrlqtaeW bns ,1os aA .atnhqeuld bris
aeonstaib noI ievo noitsoinummoo all ni ameIdoq ot absel ygoloniloef to aaenf lost edT
emoa ts ylno--Ils ts b--emoo,evo ed nso doiriw ameldo,q aeone,&tib Isiooa aaoios bns
taixe ton aeob (bhow edt ni eiedwemoa) ataixe fsdt egbelwornl 1,evos,oM taoo
10 eonetaixe eiem ati gniaihevbs ni ataoo eis elerif sausoed ylauoenstlumia eiertwyieve
of nwonl al 'yd eaolo' 21 tsilt epbeIwon ylnO .nlo,sea dQuO1dt eonetaixe all pnhevooaib ni
to ensr1oxe edt ai aeitilsmetxe y'itaubni-ietni io! Isnasdo tnsoi!inpia ,eultonA.. .taixs
.aboop Istiqso bns atouboiq stsibem,etnii nivIovni anoitosansit nil atnemele Isoipolonriosi
of bns aeo,uoae, sooI to noifssilifu ietted ot pnibsel aegnsdoxe rloua ynsm beebnl
to toeqas tneilsa A .bevieado need evsd aboog tstiqso to ngiaeb edt ni atnemevoiqmi
neewted noitosietni evianeixe no emootuo iiedt to eonebneqeb edt ai aegnsnloxe eaetlt
.aoitahetosisnlo touboiq bns aaeooiq nitod gnignstio ylevitsieti ni aieau bns aieilqqua
(OrF-eOr ,aBer)
—as—
atnioq seerit Qnhd qlerl sm e3rieheqxe nsiaA tas3 crlf moi nwsib aslqmsxe emo8
etsierieg yerif eeithstnemslqmo3 silt brie allba ,uodsl bexilsioeqa o eorishoqmi eriT .e!iI of
epwi a'ss,oN o eno ,isbriuyH o e3rieheqxe silt yd betsitaulli 21 aeitivit3s grihutosurism 220136
frleme3 S nibIiud yd 189 r ni pnhutosunsm bsietne faift isbnuyH .(oceeñ3) aetsiemolguioo
ati nisit of yiofsodsI s as tnslq triemeo ati beau isbriuyH' :nebamA of nibo33A .tnslq
gnhut3s!unsm ierlto of merit ninQiaas eioed ,noitoLntanoo flu bnuoiglosd ritiw aiesnsm
Ioitnoo aasooq brie ytulsup ,trlemegsnsm yiotnsvni flu s3neheqxs benieg aesnisiT .aetsiliYts
isbnuyH silt tuorlguo,rlt aIIiAa noitoubo,q Qiasd gnibseiqa aunt no oa brie ,ninnsIq yfiosqso
iii bebnuo! aew quoig silt ni etsillt!s gnhutas!unsm txen silt tnemeO isbnuyH ,sttA .noiIsinsg,o
ielsmotus tnebnisqsbni tail! silt emsoed Ii iefsl aisey yfnewT .a,otoM isbniuyH bemsn brie 'VeG r
s asw a,oiom isbnuyH lo inebiaeiq tail! silT .yllsdolp hoqxs of yitriuoo Onisitshtaubni-stsl a moi!
aeuouloq triemmevog nseio)l ,esa lisria ew cA eser 'tneme3 isbnuyH !o tnebiaeiq ismio!
,Istiqso bsibiedue of aaeoos merit nivip ya .isbnuyH sAil aetslsmolgno3 of lsihsq ylilgirl siew
noint as! silt ni a,evolliqa fehsm-iuodsl silt !o yrism eilsmetni of merit bswolls fnsmrnevoQ silt
.stoup silt iii bedhoaeb
a esbivo,q (98-8 ,Q8et ,nebamA yd beeauoaib) gnibliudqirla iltiw eoneheqxe a'isbnuyH
elsoe iltiw noitosietni ati brie) ygolonniost !o ytilidebsit toeheqmi sift !o sonsfani steiorioo
tud ,m,i! ilaittoo8 s ma,! npiaeb oiasd ati pnihoqmi yd tuo behsta ynsqmoo silT .(aeimonooe
flu qiila silt gniibliud no beilsi niasb ilaittoo8 silT .tuo gni*iow ton asw cult tenD tuo bnuo! nooa
a ta qiila s !Isil ylno bliud of yfiosqso niguons beil ie,utos!unsm Isnigho silt sausoed ,asvlsil owt
.tul etiup ton bib aevisil owf silt tail tuo bnuo! ti ea,uo3 emsa silt bewollo! isbnuyH nisiW .emit
cmii! silt tail ni amsldoiq bail ode cmii! pnitluanoo nseqoiu3 moi! berioqmi anpiaeb tnsupsadue
moi! eldslisvs eisw aeniQnJ .ayslsb yltaoo of pnibset ,ytiosqso betsi sill estnsisuQ tori bluow
eaensqsL yd benisido Isilt neilt ieilQirl eohq s fe ylno yltneisqqs fud ,aisilqqua sasnsqsL
bluow isbnuyH iloiilw 1anoitsol!ibom ngiaeb eiiupsi nelto bluow aieyud qiila ,isvosioM .abisyqiile
—vs—
riguons egisi ritiw ylnO .tiIidsqso ngiaeb eauoil-ni as o e3neads silt ni eshebnu of sidanu ed
a ni .(gnibliud enigne baa npiaeb ofrii) abisw,bsd etsigetni of isbnuyH io ysq Ii bluow ytioaqs3
&dsilei baa ybsefa a of aaeoos gnivsrl no bebneqeb mut ni elaoe ,aaeniaud eIitsIov Irlir1
Isitnstadua ritiw isbnuH bebivoiq trlsmmevoO nseioN silT .(enham fnsrloism a) iemotau3
rifod befsipetni ylisutneve isbnuyH .ate,hsm o eefnsisup tioilqmi as as hew as ,eonstaiaas
gaiqqiila a neriw acer ni ybnsrl emso eefns,sug a'fnemmevog silT) .abiawio! baa abiswlosd
nasioN gni3io% yd bebnoqaei *isl taebiae,cI .aieb,o ngis,o o noifshleonao silt of bel qmuia
bns aenoL] isbnuyH io bnsmeb evifqa3 a gnitse,o ,aislnst benwo-nss,o)4 ni ho qirla of ashenite,
(.[8a-V8 108er 1,hq
of io yasqmoo sin won pniaialqxe quoig iafablo)-y1ouJ silt to nsrrnisilo silt si e,eH
:ai ti eiertw
on 1emit silt tA .aOI.9F sf51 enif ni yot3st maslo 3Ifemaoo a behsfa I baa isnitsi yM
bail ew os a'st mseio io! ytilsup etsupebs to aqso oitaslq ritiw su ylqqua bIuo3 ynsqmoo
-3ifasIq silt nts of fneioittue ton siew snols aqso Qitasl9 .aaeniaud oitaslq a hate of
a3itaaIq silT .aexod qaoa baa ,aenlaLndnlfoof admoo bsbbs ew os ,fnslq pniblom
baa afouboiq 3inolt3sls bns Is3hto&e eluf3slunam of su b& oels eeeniaud
nloirtw gninitsi ho ofal au 4oof oals asenisud a3itaslq silT .tnemqiupe noitaoinummooelet
as niysq asw enols ynsqmoo gninitei-Iio silT .ynsqmo3 gniqqinla-ieAnst a bebeen
teepial neilt sift to SUflSVS1 Istot silt tIsil nanif siom of pnifauoms muimeiq e3nsluani
lstufsn cliff .behsta saw ynsqmo e3flSiuSni as ,auilT .ssio) iii ynsqmoo e3nsniani
quoip isfabloa-y,buJ silt ni beiluasi asaaeniaud bsfslei nlguouilf noifulove qefa-yd-qeta
.(aF 1e8e1 riebamA ni bstiO) ysbof Ii sea ew as
elsoa to as hew as aiemotauo baa atuqni 16301 to sonahoqmi silt aets,fauhli yhselo noifafoup silT
to emos siIsmetni auilf bhuoo loesco sill shuilW .odes to iltwoi@ silt niIIeuI ni aeimono3e
111w rbirlw aeioiloq tnsmmevog yd oa gniob ni betaiaas ylfseip siew yerif aeuaai noifsnibioo3 silt
—8—
.rIoit3ea txen edt ni beaauoaib ed
ye, ni ytilidsti!o,q baa 1st iqso of mute, !o eta, evil nswisl baa aeoN iltod al
pnos8 baa aenoL seoN nI no aOee F etsi edt mm! ltnsofliagia eaoi aeitivitoa gahulas!unsm
ni Isliqso of mutsi !o aetsi Isei aian ylibeel a ('i9F 1gnoH no beasd) hoqei (80t ,O8er)
-ar ,aaer-eer ni lneo,eq -9 aO8eF-etsI of -bim ni fneo,eq ar-e ai egasi evil :pahutoa!uaem
gnnut3s!unsm ni ffioiq !o eta, edT .9F iefls tneoieq -VF baa xer-'caer ni tne3leq 8C
baa ,a-veer ni lneoieq 8 of ,ae-er ni tneoieq 8F of ca-reer ni tne3leq 9 moi! eao, ylibseta
as eldaffioiq e,om emsoed lnemtaevai yltneiaqqA .('C ceer ,paoH) O'V-C89t ai tneoieq of
pnhutoa!unem elsvhq evil !o teom ai eaoi aetsi ylilidati!oiq nswisT al .eaoi etsi tnemtaevni edt
owl alouboiq boow baa aelitxet !o noitqeoxe sidsion evil ill 1w aoee F efal evil ,elta aehtaubai
ai easeloni laetsei evil ylgaitaeietnl .(tC-A eldaT ,9r 1aiJ) aehtaubai pnihoqxe loLam
aibuloxe) pnhutoslunsm ,otoea oildug yd beoaeheqxe eaw boheq CaeF-taoq edt ni ytilidsli!o,q
aeahqietne oilduq esw Ii 1noitoea txea evil ni beaauoaib ed 111w eA .(oooadot baa aepsieved boo!
(C-22r ,C F) niJ won ci airiT .aswisl ai afuqai elsibemietni yel evil !o yasm beilqque lstlf
boo!aoa eaeult !o tuqtuo silt !o aoitqmuanoo oitaemob edT" :affloiq iierlt ai easeioni evil aaislqxe
(.319 alsoimerlo lshtaubai ,eiexilihe! Isoimetlo ,etoubo,q mueloileq eouboiq vloirlw) eehlaubni
paicu-Isoumedo moi! basmeb bease,oai of eub ,a089t evil pahub ylauobnemeil beaseioni
qluq baa ieqaq baa etsmstulp muiboaonom ,ebholviolynivyloq gnu)Ism eaovlt as nioua) eehleubni
evil baa iotoea lsiutluohga evil moi! as hew as ,(le*ism oifaemob baa ttoqxe edt vilod io!
of elnsdf eldsliloiq emsoed aehtaubni etsibemietai ,abiow ierllo ni ".yteubni aoitshoqaasil
.mseilaawob eeps,laiI griibnsqxe
ymonooe silt beweiv a,e,Ism-yoiloq yaw evil nswiaT baa se,o)I ritod ai Isnit yhisnil eloa eW
edt ai noiaauoaib edt aA .e,ulia! aoitsaibiooo crlf !o oipol edt vitiw alellsiaq earl Ii ni elo, ,ierlt baa
laeoieq t.FC asw seio>I ni fnemteevai of mutei beilsunas erit tsrlt aetsluolso (t99F) ehftiJ aaulei 10 elsi crlf ni aoiloube, a worla oala anoilaluolso aid ,ievewoH .C\-Caet boheq evil pnhub
.evhb IOH sill of eniloeb evil aetudntls eH .9V-9F pahub laeoieq E.8F of ylfaeupsadua
—es—
s as leati bevieoieq aswIs asri tnemmevog nseio) edt seI3 e1sm 111w noitoes gniwolIo
,gnitaiwt-mls slguoirft ,egnsdo lshtaubni tuods gnignhd io! lotstiIi3s! a bits tneps gnhtsibem
bits 35q !o abiow edt nI .bnsmeb sm aeonstamu3iio crlf as eeanqieiite 3iIduq io aeibiadua
,(ee aBet) IsrlqtaeW
d gitblsm-nolabeb betsigetni beveirba gnivsrl as rieea ed nso Inemmevog nse,o)I edT
gnitstiIios bits pni31o afitegs te*ism gitoms gititsibem titegs Isitite3 a as pnitQs
eriT .berbsei anoiaioeb erit o noifstnemelqmi edt githuani bits egnsrl3ietni rioitsrrnolni
.ylevihefle eloi airif tuo gith(nso 01 tnslioqmi need evsrl of eiseqqs noioleoQ o ,ewoq
aunT .affiened bits ataoo beonslsd asnl ti ;etuloads need ton yIIsoiqf asri itOioieO3 tu8
,aieau bits aieilqqua iteewted belsoibuLbs gnivsrl as nesa ed nso tnemmevog nseioN crlf
biswei of pnineviefni neflo bits tnioqbriata evitoslloo s moil alitened bits afaoo pairigiew
.aeno evifsieqoo3nu rlainuq bits aiesIq evitsieqooo
nswisT ni
111w monooe its tsnlf ai [pefs,fa titemmevop edt] pniyhebnu ynlqoaoliniq oiasd edt
e4 nisrieo cia cierif epsta tiose Is bns tnemqoleveb to aegata nisheo opiebnu
rl3irlw (atnslq Isoiñierbo'dsq bits bisqida episi Him leeta betsipetiti as rbua) eeiitaubrti
ainiT .vmonoae e,itnie edt to fnemqoleveb tuods pnrtd 111w aepsnhI euohsv dguoinlt
bits eis aehtaubni ye eaorlf tsrlw wornl alsbitto Inemmevog fsrit aemuaas oals ypetsif a
iii beib 889t uoH) aehtaubni eaerlt qoleveb of beiqobs ed bluoda aeiuasem y3iloq Isriw
ceer gnoH
taum aaeifa fitemqoleveb iedhut ioR" :befsfa (8a-eB t) itsI rthuoR answisT elqmsxe ioR bits aetsibemiefiti Isoimerbo,teq ,qluq boow Is3imerb as rbua) aehtaubni yvsenl 3iasd no bisl ed
.gniaaeooiq io pithufostuitam touboiq bite to bsetani (noitoubo,q leeta betsigefiti elsoa-episl rigid evsnl fanit afouboiq tioqxe no be,etneo ed taum itui priol edt iii fnemqoleveb Ishfaubnl
ed bluonla eierlt atoubo,q eaertf bituois bnA .taoo noitshoqanis,f wol bits ytioitasls emooni bits noitssilsbeqa ritod tailS oa aehtaubni b,sw,bsd bits biswiot nod to tnemqoleveb
oee r ebsW ni betoup) "ymonooe a'nswisl to tae,efni crlf ni beveirlos ed yam ythsfnemelqmoo ('V8
—oc—
asebi silt iltiw aommo ni il3um asri pniob slew er9 trliuorlt tnemmevog eaerlt tsrlw ,e3neH
.eierf beaauoaib
tnemteevni etsvhq etsniboo3 bna eibiadue ot aei3iloq tnemmevoO .8
io! sloi episi s ataixs sierit 1noitosa auoiveiq silt ni bsaauoaib enoifibnoo edt isbnU
ylt3eiib )aoM .am,o tneiemb ynsm elsf nsO noitnsvietni ibuB .noifnevistni fnsmmevog
ileilt rlpuoirlt anoiaioeb tnemtaevni bas rloit3uboiq iotosa-etsvhq efBnib,00o (163 aielsmyoiloq
evits,tainimbsu rlguoiilt as hew as ,yoiloq sbsit bns 1emipel xst silt 1noitsoohls tibso ievo loitno3
ymonoos silt o alotosa mebom silt ni tnemtaevni eibiadua of aeioiloq fnemmevo) .eonsbiup
noitsnib,00o silt exilsmetni of lotosa stsvhq silt tsp yenit eausoed floysq spiel s even
eeahq,etne oilduq yd atnemtaevni ilguoirit benistdo ed oals nso emootuo emsa eriT .aeitilsmetxe
easrif o noifenidmoo s beau atnemmevop sasnswisT bns nseioN silT .aevleamsilt
silt lo level silt of aiotoea mebom silt ni lstiqso of mutsi stsvhq silt gniaisi deieilt ,anoitnevistni
.rnutei lsiooa
etsmil3 tnemtaevrui sift nivoiqml .1.8
.tnsmtaevnii efsvhq betsnibiooo bris beibiadua ylevitos atnemmevog ilfod evods bsfsoibni aA
silt bns nswisl ni aoee1 etsi silt ni soslq ooi tent aegnenlo fnishoqmi teom silt o 9(10 ,ievswoH
tilguoid ,llsisvo etsmib tnemtasvni silt ni tnsmsvoiqmi lsitnstadua s esw seio)I flu aOer yhse
etiaiups,e,q tnshoqmi (16 as suit WSiV riSO eW .eeithohq tnemmsvop !o noitstneho-e, s yd tuods
.aevlsamsnft anoitnevietni silt o aasnsvitoefle silt of
silt ritiw rigid ,ns, yhsluoitisq ton bib alsog oimonooe ,aO9 1 silt o iloum gnhua
silt o tasupnoos, silt nitiw bestani bsiquooosiq sew tnsmmevog silT .qiilaiebssl easnewisT
yhrmi asw emigei tsinummoo silt Isilt 16513 emsosd ti 1sbsosb silt !o brie silt y8 .bnslnism
oimonoos tent sea of emso aisble yhsq [a'nswisTJ ti atuq (0 oeet ebsW aA .berlone,Jne
—Ic—
tnemmevo silt iefiseieilT ".... Isviviua a'yhsq sill o setneisug sttsd s ed bluo3 trismqoleveb
elqitlum as rioua) anoihotaib gnhieteb-tnemtaevni nsm pnitsnimile ot asigisne au bemut
-neeienil.1 silt asw lnioq gnimut lnshoqmi nA .(ytilidstani 3imonooeo,osm bns aetsi ensil3xe
io aeibiadua o egnsi ebiw s benistno3 aiill .O89t t,i betutitani emmaigoi noteI tnioq
Isrit si elutonul aiilt is tnshoqmi siom a'tsilW .woled ierthut bsaauoaib ed Iliw bns ,lnemtaevni
c'cer) niJ as :tnemtaevni abiswot aebutitis Inemmevog ru ttiila ojsm s bellsngia emms,go airit
sill oae t o emmsigoq mio!e, tnioq-neetenin sill !o tnsmsonuonns erit (rltiw] ,ti atuq (9 evits,lainimbs o noitsoitilqmia eriT .bowrt3ts3 s emsoed eismiI3 lnemiaevni o tnemevoiqmi
aiettsm oimonoos ot bisgei ritiw aeiuasem evitslugei o noitsiIs,ediI silt bns aelube3o,q
wen no aloitnoo evils,tainimbs pninismei erti o ynsm ,8Qt ni bnA '.Isog Isioflto ns emsoed
.ierltsgotls bevomsi siew noiansqxe ytiosqso ,o atnslq
yustilim s ni ewoq loot oilw hs truebiae,q .islimia etiup ai ssio>I iltuo2 ni yota silT
ton) ioaaeoebsq sin esrW nsmgn8 mo tneiemb siom need evsil ton btuoo 1reer ni quoo
Isnoilsn no beaauoo need bsnl noitnetta a'eerWl .(emigei noM gnsilO bevil-horla cr11 pnitnuoo
ienllo silt no ,,hsq .thohq B ievsn asw iliwoig oimonooe ;alsog Isoitiloq no bris noitsbiloanoo
oimonooe ieilto ievo iliwoig oimonooe 01 bns 1eoitioq ievo aoimonooe 01 sonebeoeiq evsp bnsil
aistism oimonooe no Ineqa eu emit lo inuoms eu ni betoeflei eiew aeithohq eseriT .ameonoo
gno,ls2 bits aenoL. sea) nemasenisud bns atsuouseud betneho-r9woig %o hoqqua aiil ni bits
oohebnu oilw alusneiqeitne Isnit ekii aint ni no yhse iselo yiev ebsm ,hs .(C-O ,08e t
.(beiIsneq siew a,erlto eliilw) bsb,swe, ylnloh ed bluow aeilhohq sin nitiw enil ni einemiaevni
s iebnu nemeasnisud gnibsel anoitsn cr11 o teom lerns 01 asw *is o abs taii silt o snOt iebnu gnheeffioiq ilhiw meilt egistio 01 bns noitslumuooA iltiseW tioiIII ultiw gnilsea wsJ tsiosq2 s betositxs bsnt ,hsq ,sfts ssi! tea IIsutnsve ciew nsmaaeniaud suiT .emigei auoive,q silt
ysm nusmaaeniaud qu gnbIooI eliriW .atnemtaevni bei!ioeqa eshebnu 01 meilt moi! tnemhimmoo silt enihebriu oh bevies eboaiqe eilt ,elsmib tnemtaevni silt gnionsilne o ysw bbo ns mesa
.gnbleea-tnei nsilt isiltsi aeitivitos svitoubo,q ni tasvni ot eiew alueneiqeitne tsilt noitsboeqxe
—SE—
aeibiedue inemiasvnt ..a
acenicud epsI ot tibeio lo noianetxe ant asw biadua Jnemteevni lo rmol leido edt ,se,o)I ni
lo quoo isiiIim edt et1s beiIsnoitsn eew a1nad nseio> .aets taeietni Isei evitsQen ts aquoig
10 noits3olls silt ievo Ioltno3 eviauloxe bsnistdo tnsmmevog silt yltneupeano3 bns ,raer
tibe,o beohq-isbnu lo noitsooIIsu ,ti tuq QnoAs8 bns aenoL cA .(mono3e silt ni abnut elditasvni
ioltno3 oimono3eoloim tnemmevog to tnemu,tani eInie tnshoqmi teom silt isi yd (emsoed]
-owl qu ebam gniwoi,od as ,tibsio Ismetxs no tnebneqeb ylilgirl slew airnit nse,o> .(rOr ,O8er)
bns aenoL ot gnibioooA (tO F ,gno1s bns aenoL) t'V-€89t pnnub wofl ifeso usd1 to ebiidt
bns ;etsu te*ism-dwo edt to had need ylIsoiqt earl eta, [nibneI] ,hsd Isueneg edt" ,noIs8
teom edt neve wolsd ylisueneg bns evitsQen need netto earl etsu (nsd Iseu edt ,bnooea
.(Or) "Istiqso ho taoo ytinuhoqqo silt ho aetamitas svitsvieanoo
asw mainarloem gninoitsu 6 ,eetsu gnhasb is)ham woled eisw aetsu gnibnel nsd 83ni2
silt ni sb, ysl a bsyalq yltrieisqqs bad aevitom Isoitiboq ,emigeu eerl1 edt uebnU .bebeen
"oimonooe" ho dead ant no betsooHs asw tibe,o ,,evewod ,hs iebnU .tibeio SOlSOC ho noitsoolls
begbu[ siew eieau gnivueaea .aeitivitos oimonooe tneueThb 01 fl9V ythohq edt ybemsn ,shetho
.aeimonooe 81632 bius ,eegsf nil oltasmob ygoIondoet ,anslq tnemtaevni uiedt to aicad edt no
anoitsoolls nsol silt ,b,ooe, ,Ios,t emoa rltiw seorft 01 bebusws ed 01 yls1il eiom aew tibeio eoni2
iii eAilnu yniw enislqxe culT .usluoitisq ni \odesc%o silt bns amuit berlaildatee bs,ovsh ylhsaaeoen
gnitaixs ho dtwo,g edt dguoudt ylhsmhq emoo cad 101392 Qnhutoshunsm edt ho noiansqxs ,nswisT
ho e,srla bebba eulsv edt ,
r'ce r bns 66 F neswis8 .armih wen ho itne edt nsrlt ,erfts, ,amuih
,eO'cet edt nI .(\ eldal) tneoueq ot tnsolsq 68 mo,h eaou aeeyolqme euom io OO dtiw emiih
ecu ot bebioeb tnemnisvo edt as odesc%o ot Isitiaq eiom neve emsoed yoiloq tibe,o nseio>l
,IsrlqtaeW bns 1osl) ygetsuta noitsoihia,evib Ishteubni e'tnsmmevog edt uoh atnemuitani as medi
.(Oe ,689F
edt dguoidt eaw seuo) ni beibiadua eaw tnemtaevni nloidw ni uennsm tnstuoqmi uedtonA
3onLce: H9U (iaie)
ISPIG : 2I6 D!2LJ.PnPOU O VJ9UfI&9CInU.Ua E!LW2' KOLOS
9OAG500 SUq 3.S8 3e9 22 .95 239 .5O
20-488 4359 509 419 4902 493 425
2-46 54043 384 548 54042 3.18 459
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mee 18.14
—EC—
—tnemmevog cr11 eaus3ed tuods emso aiill .a,otoee bctoelee ni ah tnemtaevni o noitsxilsiooa
luo Iisd bluow etsta cr11 Isril celneisug tioilqmi ne bebivoiq-4leemirl *is9 1nebiaeq Idston teom
cr11 beneiscirit iclsi aeonstemuo,io !i acilivitos IeIds,iaebu ni pnilaevrii ciusneiqeitne ceorlt
nseio>I edT" :ti aedhoceb (08€ ,CI) noH won al emiT .atrtcmlacvni eeerlt o tiIidstio,q
rloua brie aiueneiqeitne betoelea io Aah tnemtaevni cr11 beiIsiooa ylevianietxe ben tnemmevo
eglubni 01 mcdl gnioubni ,aquoig aaeniaud id ciii o cz srnine cr11 bctsiopivni Inemegneris ne
"aeltivitos tnemlaevai beioanoqa-incmmevo ese-s sill rlpuoinlt noiansqxe eviaaeips ni
cr11 tuojIflW .ainlt !o slqmsxe boog s ci cvods benoilnem ,yteubni gnibliudqinla silT .(08C ,nioH)
behsdme event ton bluow isbnuyH ,*isq Inebiac,q o tncmcpsiuoone bns lncmcvlovni Isnoaieq
triemmevog cr11 .abisyqirla teed e'bhow cr11 o cao emsoed Vllsutnevc lsrlw bctelqmoo ,o
bns ,eiutou,tas,!ni cr11 io acibiadue cvianelxe bcbivoiq ,pniwoiiod Iemetxe a'rmfl cr11 bcetnsieug
eA .(8\-8 ,eBer ,ncbamA) ,cb,o tail! cli isbnuH leg 01 aeelns,sug Isioneni! beilqquc
crlf elevitos bluoo isbnuyH ni bsaqslloa ,taubni gniqqirla bhow crlf rienlw evods beaeuoaib
nscio>l gnio,o noiislugei s !o rmo! cr11 Ioot ybiadua cr11 .ybiadua fnegnilnoo a'lnsmrnevog
tioilqmi rlou2 .(88-V8E gnio1s8 bns acnol.) a,c,tnist benwo nsc,o>l flI ho qinla 01 achcnilei
lsi3nsni! cr11 !o eoneupcanoo s as ,aO8e I silt gnhub beoubci yllscig siew ceibiadue Inemtaevni
aOV9 I crlf lo hen bniooee crlf ni ne,lshcbnu etnemteevni cr11 ho emoc yd beoneneqxe ecitluoiThb
.(eeiilaubnl IsoimenlO bns yvscH bcllso-oa ho boheq cr11)
yhisieneg siew aslsi gnibnsl Ise .am,o! tnsicmb oo1 asibiadue lnemtaevni ,nswisT nt
leg bib acahqiclne oilduq ,evewoH .fnshoqmi cast nloum eiew ecibiadue Iibc,o brie eviliaoq
ho cIoi erIT .,Iah tnemtacvni ciilsiooa of beviec oals yeril bns amid eldsiovsh ciom Is libcio
nswisT ni aeibiadua Ioc,ib tnehoqmi leom criT .ao ,ctsl bcaauoaib cd Ihiw aeahq,clne oilduq
ni betosnc) tnemlasvnil ho IncmegsiuoonJ ioh c1u1s18 silT .aevifneoni xsl ho rrnoh cr11 ni emso
s bctncaeiqei (evods bcnoitncm emmsigoiq lnioq-ncctenin cr11 niliw noifonujnoo ni oee F
cnIT .lnismlasvni ioh mclaya libs,o xsl pnihisveiq cr11 ho (88 ,cer nh) "noianctxc pniqeewe"
—FE—
emo3ni leurine %o tne3eq 8r of be3ubel aew aeahq,etne d bieq xet emooni aaeriiaud mumixem
bebnetxe aew atnemtaevni weti iol sbiIot1 xet edt ;(tneoieq 8..E o mumixem auoiveiq e mo,)
trteoieq ,tnemtaevriie, o1 abriebivib betudntaibriu of nevig aew noitqmexe xst ;aleev 8 of C moil
lesi "evit3uboiq rio xet beeb brie xst qmeta edt aelsa hoqxe !o abee3oiq brie agriimse XR o no aeitub hoqmi o atriemysq ;aete, beoubsi Is eldexet io tqmexe xst ieiltie ebem eiew etstae
.anoiteieqo gnitista iefte atnemllstani flu eldsyeq brie ,eldeiisleb ebem eiew tnemqiupe tnslq
asw xst emooru aaeniaud eiit emit rloidw te 88QF ni bebneqxe ierlhut eiew aevitrieoni eaedT
ni) aiotoee gnhutosunsm beitioeqa brie wel tnemtaevni edt rii betail aiotoea thohq lie ni beoubei
,tnemqiupe rioitshoqarisit ,ienir1osm ,a3inoltoele brie ienidosm Ieohtoele aletem oiasd
moi noitqmexe etelqmoo rievig siew (eqiq aep leiuten bns alsoimerlooiteq ,aieilihe Isoimerlo
.tnemqiupe tnslq no aeitub hoqmi
moi bevieado ed riso triemtaevni io aevitneoni xet eeedt !o eoneoi!ingia evitetitneup eriT
a evieado eW .eaed xet trievelsi edt ot aetedei io atibe,o xsf !o oitsi edt aworia r1ii1w 8 eldeT
ati brie etuteta lenipho edt dtiw betsiooaas 8F flu eno ,erltons brie Oaet bnuois eah qisria
edt ni aqmu dtiw betsiooaas oale eis aease,oni eaedt ,ylletriebioriioo toll .levitoeqaei noiaivei
.emit emsa edt bnuois oite, cIaOtrismtaevrii
enoiaioeb iriemteevni to noitenibiooo i3elia .c.a
eiom rioum a beelq atnemmevop eaersewiel brie neeioN edt aeibiadua pnibivoiq of rioitibbs ril
avail tori yem edt tadt atnemtaevni otni alueneiqeitne etsvnq gniinsp,o d eloi no-abriad toeiib
%levit3e triemmevog edt wod !o aehotaid easo boop evsrl 8W aeaeo ritod nI .ebsm eaiwierito
aew Ii riewisT nI .ase,s riisheo ni taevni bluow alueneiqeitne etsvhq tsdt eiuarie of aqeta loot
,aelitxei aoitaslq ae aehtaubni doue gnideildstee ni aqeta leitirii edt oot tedt Inemmevog silt
wan ietrie of evitsitini ed[t]" ,nebamA!o abiow cr9 flu scioN nI .aoirio,toele brie leeta aeidiI
.roc C8Qf ouN brie V8-88 C\t nJ mm! neisf ei rlqsigsisq aidt ni noitsrmo!ni eilT
tnveIe edt o eisrl8 s as atnemeaiudmie1 bns atibeO xsT :8 eldsT nswisT ,eas8 xsl
trieoe iseY
.o eer V.0 aeer
8.0 VI e.r beet
.c eeer
a.a oaer
8.9 F89
.8 aet ir cee
1.2r aet r.cr aaer
e.r oaer
0.8f 89t 889t
.(8-i3 eldsT cer) niJ :eouo8
,aO8Qt silt gnhonI .s,srlqa 3iIduq silt moi Ihsmhq emoo aSII asriorisid Qnhut3stunsm
esw ao'cer bns aoeer silt o aebs3sb silt iii noitsoi!iaievib Ishteijbni ni fine ,oBm yievs
.(I8-08 ,e8er) "....etste silt yd betepitani
silt won asdhoaeb eH .eeso eaenswisT silt !o tnuoo3s soin s aebivoiq (OQ) ebsW
ot ievo bebnsrl bns noiaiviequa tnemmevog ebnu thud asw OVI io tnslq aoitaslq tail! a'bnslai
nsged armil etsvhq eiom eeiilf aaet nJ .'V8I iii nodelqmoo noqu iueneiqeiine etsvhq a
bsnwo-ststa silt 1eliniwnseM .etsibermetni bshoqmi us no belle, iuoI hA 3V1 gni3ubo,q
eldstiua stsiberrnetni us il3iilw mo,! ,snslyilte beouboiq (0q)) noitsiocpoO muelo,teq easnirlO
o8 .etsibsrmetni behoqmi silt nsnlt eohg isgasilo a ts bevheb ed bluoo 3V1 otni pniaae3oiq io!
silt iltiw siutnsv tnio a ni eism of OVq !o ale3ubolq etsvhq iuo! silt beoio! tnemmevog silt
a tqobs of iebio ni ,nsqmoo Isoimeilo bsnwo-etsta ieiltons bus noitsioq,00 muslots saeniilO
no t,3IIqxe ton ci sbsW ehiilW) .(e ebaW) boiltem noit3uboiq pniau-snslyilts tneioiYts siom
3C3 betnsveiq taut aeithstnemslqmoo 10 aeimonooe 91s3e smoc need svsrt feum sisnit eirft
nitisw tuoiltiw ,etsibsm,etni bsasd-enshyilte silt !o noitouboiq silt otni nivom hIsietshinu mo,!
gnitsnibiooo silt yle3ifl asts,tauhhi ,ote silT (.aieouboiq mseitanwob silt moil tnsmlimmoo a ioI
.tnemmevog silt lo eloi
:ee,di! oitsnltnya of t3eqee nitiW
a !o tisq as tnstq gnb1sm-nosi a !o noitaeio silt escievo of bsbiosb tnemmsvog silT
.8.U mo,! qlsni iloum iltiW .,sth! notto3 mo,! yaws ydaubni elitxst suit y!iaievib of nslq
16301 Isievea iltiw ynsqmo isdi! oiterltnya ns3hemA us ieritspot tn1uoid ti e,oaivbs
silt !o ermet silt no anoitaitopen wseievo bns emil! etsvhq bns oilduq iltod moi! eiehitxet
ta bnalai silt no uni! "stsvhq" tesgisi sill asw noiffsioqlo3 nifluaei silT eiutnsv fnioj
a uttiw isiltepot ynsqmo3 noyai be,oanoqa-etsta emsa cult aet ui ieti emit silt
ni noitouboiq bsflsta tI .nolyn slsm of ynsqmo isiltons betsei3 ynsps pnionsni! state
re O8 sbsW) .aer
— C —
.ae,dit 3iferltnya ofni yitne bel-etsta airif ,efls bewoIIo nooa arrni etsvhq
edt o aesf a hse edt ni IsioLn3 asw etsfa easnewisl crlf o eloi edt 23ifl01t3919 ni ylisniR
asw (O83) noitsinsgiO eoive8 bns rloissee oino,helJ benwo-yloilduq edt et nI .yitaubni
ayifnuoo cr9 thud O8R .armft Isool of ii efsnimeaaib bns ygolonrtoef ngieo ni nhd of bermot
ti .A31 tltiw fnemeegs ietansf ygolonrloet a beietne bits noitsohdst ,etsw ioI qorla lebom ta,fl
lotoea-etsvhq ynam of bel ygetsite silT .armit etsvhq of bevom iefsl orlw ,a,eenine benisit
.(aOr-eOr ebaW) O213 yd beqoleveb ygoondoet crlf beilsiznemmoo taut atoorlatlo
of aehfaubni pnifoelea of rbsoiqqs seithoritus eaenswisT crlf tsdf efori of gnitae,etni ci ti
.tto-e)lsr as rloue afqeono3 pnheeriigne' aliso ebsW farlw no beasd 25W noirlast airit ni eluhun
evarl doirlw afqeonoo—(88t cbsW) "anoiariefxe let rieme,oni bns anoitufitadue aqag ,eegs)lnul
a paibliud lot noifsoititauj crlf fault snoitnem obaW .aoimonooe estlew lsnoitnevnoo ni eoslq sittil
,yhslimie .e,utoulfaa,tni anawisT ni qs a Dir of saw ao8er yhas crlf ni fnalq leeta aselniste
rl3iriw qam fuqfuo-tuqni its to bis edt rifiw bctomoq pnied cia a3inolt3ele iii atnemqoleve[b]
ritiw rneonoo culT .(88F ebsW) nswisT niritiw e,utoLnta noifouboiq cult ru aqag atilgilrlirl
iuo dfiw etsnoaei aeob ti tud ,oedt fnemqoleveb Isoiaaslooen rltiw ylbiswlwa tie yam aegslruil
.aeiuliat noitsnibiooo no eiasrlqme
cmos eilsmetni beqierl aefalemolQnoo sQlsl to eoneaeiq crlf ness evarl ew as scioN ni
elom rlguoirlf eiuruun of bsrf aie,lsmyoiloq eeenswisT fault aeithatncmelqmoo lshfaubni edt to
evloa of iebio ni enevisfni of tnsfieerl ton saw fncmmcvog nesioN crlf fu8 .anoifncv,ctni foe,ib
:ameldoiq noifsnib,00o elaoe-iegial ed of bevieoieq ti tariw
ho aiesilihet tnemeo ni etoeoiq noifutitadua-hoqmi yhae crlf bebnirrnetaam stats cdT crlf to ytilidstitoiq crlf nivoiqmi yltseig teal erit—siedit oitedfnya bns gainitci
eldatitoiqnu cmos evils fqel ode tnemmevog erIT .yiteubai achifxcf bebnaqxeievo ysl bebivoiq yllautneve tarif eshotoat ,boheq lsinoloo crlf molt bcfherlni aehotoat
etata crlf rloirlw aehfeubni gnibhiudqirle bits yienirlosm Isieneg mebom silt of lsnnoaieq a'efsfa edt fa emso yutsubai yvserl of frlil molt noilsrmotans,f cuff .betomo,q oala saw [tnemmevop silT] .lhim Iceta bits no,i befsipetni its to urnot edt ni faeded .aOV9t efal crlf ni alsoimctlo bits yienirbsm yvacri otal tlau gi8 crlf iot eldianoqaci
.(t8-08 e8eF nebamA)
—cc—
eilf 1nswisT ni aA .Iisteb emoa ni beaau3aib need ybseils asri gnibtiudqirla lo eeso silT
eom eiew afouboq brie aehtaubni emoa tent nibnstaebnu silt no bebeeoo,q tnemmsvo
.ymono3e silt lo tas, evit rltiw asgslnul lo eoiuoa silt eiew ysilt eausosd aisilto nerit "oigefsita
eahqietne 3ilduq bns tnemtsevni oilduq to eeU .i.a
oilduq scenT .aehtnuoo owt silt flu asahqisfris oilduq of aemit Isisvsa bsnslsi ybssIs even eW
iltod ni tnsmtaevrii stsvhq lo yiilidstilo,q silt gnionsnlns ni eloi tnshoqmi yiev s bsyslq aeahqetne
atuqni ysI tent nhuans yd oa bib yeniT .(se,o)I ni nsnlt nswisT ni oa e,om aqsrtieq) aehtnuoo
asw ti ,nsea even ew as 1nswisT ni .mseitanwob aieouboiq etsvhq iol yIIs3oI eldslisvs siew
aehotos! silt basil ierltie nenit brie aehfaubnii mesitaqu wen ilaildstae of ststa silt iol nommoo
brie lesta 1aoitaslq easlg 10 saso eilt iii bsnsqqsnl as) aiuensiqsitns stsvhq betoelea of levo
tnsmmsvog silt 1seioN ni .(8 ,oeer ebeW) aeahqietne oilduq as merIt nu, io (fnemeo
ashtaubni oiasd ni yhsluoihsq aoet brie aoaQr silt ni asahqistne oilduq wen ynsm bsnlaildsfae
ni .(o8er no,Ie8 brie esnol) asimonoos slsoa bns aeQsInuI lo seigeb ilgirl yd behetosisnio
tosiib as Hew as amiet tibeio sldsiovsl lo tasiqiosi enlt e,sw aeahqietrie OiIdLiq aehfriuoo nltod
.tepbud trismmevop silt moil anoitsoolls
brie tuqtuo Qrlhutoslunsm lo eisnla egisi s iol fnuooos aeahqietne OiIdLIq bib ylno toLl
aisey 11o-sst Isoitho silt gnhub bsessioni ylisutos eonstioqmi ijeilt yitnUoo nose iii tnsmtasvni
515 aehtnuoo iotsisqmoo seinit no steb sieilw ,e eldsT iii yheelo nsa ed nso cmii .aOeer silt lo
rim nsnlt riswisT ni ao lo sisila iegisl s iol bstnuooos ylisutos aeahqietns ojlduq .betail ode
.sinsnsT brie sibni as ashtriuoo gniqoleveb 'faiIsboa ilouc
aeeniaud pnibliudqinta snlf otni top oowesa woil tuods taimonoo3 sniT lii tnuooos Ineos, A ni pnibliudqinla iii lleaminl bnuol [oowesa lo iebnuol silt] miN .iM" :elqmsxs isiltons fey aebivoiq
tnsip s bliud of toso1q tqiMnsd-issn S ievo eAst of mis ciii betaiwt Inemmevop silt neniw 8'er of eouistio s evsil ton bib I' .nsauq 10 hoq msiltuoa silt isen bnslai eLo>l no ,oqAO Is bisyqinla
lo tuo asw sil neniw evom silt beontuoriris ytqmia trismmsvop silt beebnl .mi)1 .iM aysa 'on ysa ii]: lo abiow silt ni won ci bisyqinla oqAO silT .(I8 .q eer ilt82 iedmsvoM) "yitnuoo silt .pnibliudqiile ni "tnemeveiilos (a'ssio)l]
. 10 hseil silt Is" taimonoo2
29L6 IU 0Db OL KOIGS' Mp!Cp 2 LOW 'oU62 suq 9I(OUä (aso .Lapte )eonLcea: qe (4aeo .LPI 95) iow ou.äIu9 qsa lu 2POL ('Iae3Y GXcGbj toi bnp!c GUIGLbLI2G
VLäGUI!U9 'Ia.g-go 4•9 Ja.e
Jguguig 18.1O-.I3 4 85Iuq9 iaee-ee e2 ae
i9!M9U
Je.14- 439 32'O
48.OI3 433 30'2
4699-98 .139 o.189-92 .144
.1828-eJ .132 38'1
.1 62-2 .1.1 '. 3'V3
eOrIp KOLG9
18.4-S.5 8.1 544693-94 e 34
AGSL0Db C9b!I9I EoLUJS!oU
bI1PIIC 6uGl.bu2G apale ot
jspe a: jpe iwboquce OI bflPI!C EUIGLbU2G !U 0Db auq UAG24WGU4 (!U beLceu)
—8E—
eahqietne 3ilduq edt lo noiansqxe erit listeb ni beeylsne even (O8 r) gnoIs8 brie aenoL
nitiw aeoneieeiq o tea Inelenlo3 a bad Inemmevog naeioN erit taut bni er1T .ae,oN tii iotoea
eril :aurlt atlueei ,ierlt ehsmmua er1T .qu tea ed bluoda aeahqetne OiIdLIq eiedw ot toeqaei
,aegslnul biewio rigid d betheI3slsnlo (e,ew] iotoee eehqietne-oilduq edt io! neaodo aehtaubni
io aeldabs,t-non !o noil3ubolq brie noitsitneanoo te*ism-tuqtuo eie spiel ytiarietni Istiqeo rigid
aoiIahet3BiBrIo edt (It3sxe sis eaetlT .(e848t) ehoqxe narlt ietlta, eetutiiadua Jioqmi
.eiulis! noilsnibioo3 io! lsitnetoq rigid a ritiw betsi3oaaa
ton !i) evitoLnIani ai Dim leeta betsipetni benwo-eteta ase,o) O38O !o 9283 suiT
22W tnemmevop nseio)I edt aO\9r hss edt iii .(F-atE oeer nebamA) (evitstneaeiqei yleiitne
bhoW culT .tnalq leeta B touitanoo 01 neol B 10! beilqqs Ii nedw 4ns8 bhoW cr11 yd nwob bernut
suiT .Ieela flu epatnsvbs evitsiaqmo3 a eyed ton bib seio>I tent 2EW tasmugis aAns8
bebivoiq Inemmevog edT .aaeledtenon beerle Inew brie bsTletebnu 22W tnsmmevop
Iqqua letaw !o noitointanoo edt 10!) aeibiadua eiutouitasi!ni as hew as eonstaiaas Ietiqso ritiw
noitibbe ni .(enul baoiliai a brie abaoi rioitaia gnitaieneg '(ti3nt3eIe ne ,aeitiIi3B! hoq aeitulios!
.noilouboiq 20080c1 io! bnsmeb eiuane 01 aehtaubni masitanwob behoqqua Inemmevog edt
leom a'bhow edt ldaugi" gnino,loe, nwo a5lns8 bhoW erit yd ems3ed yhisutneve O32O1
ts leeta dtiw alum-mum nasioN gnilqqua (etE oeer ebeW lii belb) "leeta !o ieouboiq ineblUe
!o egnei ebiw a mut ni betsiumita O32O1 !o eoneeeiq edt ievoe,oM .aeohq bhow woled
edt ,I8F brie V'V9t neewte8 .ahaq eisqa ot aboog Istiqso mo,! pnignsi ,aentaubni meeltaqu
.(rC ,nebamA) tneoieq 01 tne3ieq mo,! eao, tuqtuo a'OOBOdI !o tnetno3 Isool
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gniob eew er1t bisa bns tdguoiif atnemmevoQ owt crlf fsriw ylsuohea gnbst yd bootaebnu
o seigeb rigid s uitiw afnemtaevni (oilduq bns) etsvhq gnigsluoone bns gnitsnibiooo ylemen
evomsi beqierl yerit eaus3sd Uoysq rlgirl s bsrl aeioiloq rlou8 .otoea mebom crlf niritiw aegslriii
A .rlgiti ybseils sew fnemtaevni of mutel metal crlf sierlw aeimonooe iii aeiulisl noitsnibiooo
Isupe ylevitsie, s sew o2 .noitibno3 yiSae39fl S 56W e3lObhOW bet&ube bns beilbia ylevifeici
of Ii bewails bns noitsiusni iltiw qu1aebseI lsoitiloq edt bewobne rloirlw ,aeoiuoaei lo noifudhtaib
merit gnome leirlo brie) eei3iIOq betneho-hoqx3 .ythohq qof crlf as rllwoip imonooe no auool
Istiqso behoqmi ni can ybsefa s beldsne yerit as ,slosni fnshoqmi eiew (aeioiloq etsi-egrIsrl3xe
eIsuq ritwoig crlf of cub edt as noitstneho-hoqxe gniweiv ,benislqxe even I as fu8 .aboog
.nigism ebiw s yd hsm edt eeaaim
yldeisaim beliel even enInuoo gniqoleveb ienifo ynam os yniw nislqxe riso rl3soiqqs ainiT
yd beyolqme eaonlf of eonsldmeaei gniaasq s nerit eiom ised tent aaoifneviefni fnemmevop dtiw
--anoifibnoa Isitini lsi3eqa lo iedmun s beisnie nswisT brie seio>I dtuo8 .aehtnuoa nsiaA fas crlf
brie emooni lo noif udhf sib Isupe baa emooni of evitsie, tnemnistts Isnoitsoube lo alevel rigid
nit iw eorieheqxe ,ierlt Ia eonsvslei cult ,yltneupeano3 ,bsl aehfnuoo ierlto esenit tsnlt--ritlsew
.befimil ed hew ysm seimonoos griiqoleveb ierlto of noitneviefnil fnemmevop
xibneqqA ls3itsmerDsM
,srthut io benee, si iebse, silt Ii3irtw ot 1(CeeF) ,1hbo mo, ae,lst al e,erl bsaauoaib lebom silT
eouboq nso tent ymonooe neqo-lisme a no auoo eW .(CF sisl3-eughbol ode sea) alisteb
.elsoa ot amute tnsiaaoo iebnu beouboq es aboog easrit o iito8 .aboog lsni eldsbsit owt
rthw etsiooaas ew rloinlw ,lstiqso baa iodsl gahiupe, 1boog evianetni-odsl 5 ci eaeilt o ta1 silT
silt io gnibnstai baa w sitiw (, ,w)O yd aevig ci noit3nu! taOO tiau ati .lot3ea 'isnoitibs,t silt
"mebom silt ai bs3ubolq ,boog isrito silT .monooe silt ni gailisveiq aetsi lstaei baa egaw
beilsioeqa baa asoivisa ieouboiq) aboog etsibennetai !o egnal a baa Istiqso aeau ,,otoea
noitsoiboeqa ieit1i3-tilgite-tixia silt eau eW .ieilto rtose io eetutitcdua toetieqmi S's tent (atuqni
a al .boog mebom silt o aoitoauI noitouboiq enit ietas aetsiberrnetni eceilt tent sw silt io tcoo tinu silt 1q eonq ta eldeliava c's aboop etaiberrnetni a Il3iilW iii muhdiliupe ohtemma
noitutitadue o ytioitaals silt ci F <o sieniw ,((Inq ,,)4 yd nevig ci boog mebom silt o noiIonu
ci ,otoea mebom silt o ytivitouboiq silt tsilt etoll .aboog etsibemietni silt o owt yns neswted
iotoea msbom silt iii etaoo tinu aeaasioai a as :eldstiava asitehsv tuqni o isdmun silt at belnil
.eniloeb
.sldsbs,t-aon siB aetsibemietni enli taut ci aoitqmueea yel a txet silt ni bseeuoaib cA
boog-stsibsrrnetnl .slsoa ot emutsi gaicasioni iebau baa iodal gaiau beouboiq sia ysrlT
silt lo tnemaiatta lanoitsoube silt tarti oc ,ellble iodal ni eviaaetai ed ot bsmuaas ci noitouboiq
aoitoai.ñ taoo tinu silT iohsa cult ai ateoo o tasriirmeteb tashoqmi as ed ot aest ci eoiobhow
level llila silt o xsbni as ci ii senlw ,()o(d)w as beeaeiqxe ci etsiberrnstni evitatasasiqel silt %o
etsibemietai evitatneasiqe, si-It o level tuqtuo si-It ci s baa (O>(nl)' taut oa) 93iO *10w si-It o
nose tstit asilqmi ceimonoos elsoa o eoasceiq silT .O>(s)'o ,arnuts, gniaaeioai ot eua
.anoitibnoo evititeqmoo ylleoitailoqoaom iebnu ri-nit elgala a yd beouboiq ed 111w stsibsnrnstni
eieoo lanigiam ,aoitibba al .()o(il)w = q 1evitos ci iotoea stsibsm,stai silt aeniw s,ols,enlT
isltegot ,aaoitibaoo owt eaeilT .t, \F = q[3M-q] tacit oc euasve, Isnigiam (bevieoisq) leupe
ylao abaeqeb 3MOA oitai silt tsdt ylqmi 1noitonu taoo 'aetsibemistni silt o ytilidsisqea silt nitiw
taoo lsnigsm neewfed ytilsupe enD taut ei fluee, edT .()i = 3M\3A as rietthw ed ns3 bns , no
:m,ol elqmia a ni netthw ed ns euneve lsni,sm bns
(F)
noitutitadue lo ytioitasle edt lo noitonul a as etsibermetni rbse lo level tuqtuo enit aexit emiT
a moit emoo of evanl Iliw ot3ea etsibemietni erlt to elsoa en! ni egnanlo yns ,eoneH .enols
>1 bns ,aboog lsrioitibst bns mebom enD to alevel tuqtuo sri! o1 bnsta Y bns X teJ .n ni egnanlo
sri! to aeohq bhow edt teJ .,odsl bns lstiqso to afnemwobns (bexit) aymonooe edt ,ol J bns
lebom edt to anoitsupe ninisme1 edT .ylevitoeqaei, bns t ed aboog Isnoitibsit bns mebom
:m,ol gniwollol edt ni beaae,qxe ed nso
() 0 = [I —
(3.)e]' 0 � I .t � (i)e
() o = [ri - ('nc 1i)4]X 0 ( rr ,1i)11
(I) 0 = [q- ()(ct)A'w] 0 � q� ()(t)Aw
() a = +
(8) (rtq )q +
= )(('°nq i)4
etsle tail! anioitibnoo aaernlosle y'istnemelqmoo etshqoiqqs edt es anoitsupe semi! tami! silT
SW emeniw anoitibnoo tnemyolqme-llul edt ems anoitsupe ow! txen edT .aeohq of ataoo oitaemob
motost of toeqeem nitiw anoitonul taoo tinu suit to aevitsvheb lsiimsq edt tail! foal edt beau evsrl
—e—
silt ,ol noitibno3 gnhselo-te*tsm eiit ai noitsupe tasl eriT .abnsmeb ,ohs! tinu bleiy eeohq
5n 1q ' w) meteys suit ni aeldshsv auoneobns nevee 9,6 eierlT .,ofoee eboog-etsibemietni
.evods anoitsupe nevea edt yd benirineteb ed ot (Y ,X
no abneqeb iotoea mebom edt lo aaenevitifeqmo3 crlf tsrlt ei lebom silt lo eiutsel ye A
efsibermefni be3ubolq yllsoitasmob lo egnsi silt no bns (ii) eoiol*iow silt lo level llile erit ritod
evititeqmoo ed Son 111w iotoee mebom erit ,N bns il lo elev& wol IJr,eioiThJa icR .(n) eeitehsv
21 rloirlw) aetsibermetni 10 ledmun eldiase! mumixsm edt aeouboiq ymonooe edt nedw neve
bns ii neriW .(iotoee aboog-etsibemietni edt ni beyolqme ai eoiol iodsl eiifne edt neriw berlossi
s neriw neve evifiteqmoo ed Iliw 101392 mebom edt bnsil ierlto edt no ,egisl yltneioiltua sis N
.beouboiq si aboog etsibernietni lo iedmun llsma yiev
edt rbirlw ni eno :shdiliupe owt evsrl aso ymonooe edt wol si N bas egisl 21 d neriw tu9
bns ,evititeqmoonu anisme, iotoea mebom erit bns lo!3ea Isnoitibsit edt ni aeilsioeqa ymoaooe
lo ytilidiaaoq eiiT .evitos aemooed bns evififeqmoa al iofoea mebom silt doirtw iii erio isritons
edt ni bsiilsioeqa yllsitini ai ymonooe edt II .meldoiq noitsnibiooo s mo,! aeahs shdiliupe elqitlum
aboog-etsibermetni silt '0) mebom silt ietne ot miii slgnie yns ,ol ysq ion 111w ii iotoea Isnoifibsit
tsrlt iii aeoiuoaei lo hula elsoa-egisl s dguodt neve aeonq iotosl gnilisveiq edt Is (otoea
ed 111w e,edt tsrlf al mut ni ,noasei edT .eldstiloiq yllsiooa bns yletsvhq ritod ed nso noitoeiib
eoneH .beoubo,q gnied 21 merIt lo ,edmun egisl ylfneioiflua s Ii ylno aetsibermetni lo! bnsmeb
amuil isrito lo ,edmun edt no abneqeb iotoea aboog-etsibermetni edt ni pnied lo ytilidstiloiq edt
.e,edt ybseils
Is aeouboiq iotosa mebom edt ni noilsiilsioeqa ,shdiliupe gniteqmoo owt siB eiedt neriW
edt yllsieneg bns) iotosa Isnoitibsit edt ni noiSsilsioeqe as emooni lsei 10 level s dgid as tasel
muhdiliupe edt ni iedgid ylhsaaeoen 21(i) lstiqso 01 mute, 10 etsi ciii briA .(tohta ai ytulsupeni
silt bsnislqxe iau as (I) :enoase, owl 10! os si sifiT .iotoea-mebom edt ni noitsilsioeqa uitiw
sill (ii) bns ;amutel iotosl lerigirl tuo ysq nso bns aemooni iedgid aeouboiq lotoes mebom
tOLW fiG p92!2 0 fiG 9LOnWeL !U file exç
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woqew 2GCIOL ! cGbiI8I IUIGU2!A6 GOA6WWGUI boIicie2 jpaj bn2p LG2O1LCG2 iujo fiG woqew
—20—
193n91&I951
A :tnempolevecl oimonoo ,8 aoitiloq .viebo8 I8 ,amoM flaT sk'1a3 baa ,arml ,namlebA .e,omifls8 ,aae,q anilqoH anrloL anT ,rloso,ggA evitst,tnsu
yhahsuO nt2wo,0 oimOnoo2 baa a3jfiloq evitudhteiGu ,QQt ,hbo maO baa ohadlA ,aaieelA sM aoimonoo3 lo Ismuol.
1*ioY well ,noitsilshaubaI effiJ baa ae,o) rftuo8 :trisi0 txell a'siaA ,.H eoiIA 1nebamA tiaievinU bio!xO
yoiIoI :ymonoa nselirl3 anT ,'99t ,.abe aadsJ Iua1 baa ,rioaudmoCl iegibuI (ns8 rthowao8 .30 ,nognit1asW ,nodutiSaal aQablool8 ,aeDaeIlsnlO baa aaoaaeJ
aeigoloqyT ygetait2 taemqolevea :ate,haM baa anoitnevietni iIo" ,oeet ,.aL ,.I niIoO 1bio1bs8 lo a1tscl :aebsiiM DahuhalunaM ,.abe 1asmyW .j.a baa iU.i.0 .0 al ",aaoitqO oiIo9 baa
.u.i ,noteanq ,aae,q ytiaieviaU aotsonhq ,siaA tas3 baa sohemA nitsJ ni noitsiIshtaubnI
as aeitilsmelx3 yisiauoe baa atao3 qu-hst2" ,ceet ,smsuataM honimi)1 baa ,oinotnA ,enoooiO .ysM ,C6t oil ,eqs nbhoW I38M ",tniemqoleveO oimonoo3 ot aiems8
ni sonsrmohe oimonooeo,osM baa tdeO Ismebc3" ,e8er ,,hsq mA-noW baa ,nsau2 1aaiIloO oimoaoo3 baa tde0 yitauo3 DnigoleveG .abe anWo3 nsaue baa anioa2 'e,i1eL ni ',seaoN nltuo8
.aae,q ogsoinl3 lo ytiaievinU ogaoin13 , by eonsrrno1is
mierme8 asIuo0 .8 ni ",aahtnuo3 gniqoleveC neT ni ioivsris8 gaiva8" ,f9t ,nsau8 ,aaillo3 lo ytiaieviaU 1ogsoirl3 eoasrmohsq oimonoo3 baa pnivs8 Iaaoitsl'l 1.abe ,nevonl8 .8 nnloL baa
.aas,q osoinO
aeeiq 801 1aeimonoo3 nsonemA nitsj aeve8 lo ybut2 A :ntlwo,O lo asoiuo8 OF ,ioioiV ,asiI3 .ooabasiR as2
-hoqx3 lo aleboM :aeitilsmetx3 baa 1eer ,noanido nsm,erl2 baa ,emist. ,oleM eb .8a-F 1enuL ,(F)t tnemgobeveO oimoaoo3 baa ebail Isaoitsmetnl ",iiiwoiO beJ
"tnernqoIeveG Isnoipe1 baa ,atuqal bebs,T-aoll 2mute niaseionI" 8Q F ,obsooi ,iniaR .cc-8Oe e IsmuoL oimonoo3
baa aemipe ebsiT npiaioR ,eer IsrlqtaeW ynsJ baa ,mL)I 4u8 gnswN ,.iL aehsri3 ,Aaa,R .)hoY well ,2291q ytiaievinU aidmulo3 1se,oN nltuo2 :tnemgoleveO oimonoo3
ylwel4 ant ai nltwo,0 lo aoitiboq anT :yienlphe9 salt moñ aysw1tsq 1oee r ,astiqet8 ,bissH VII 1soanttl ,aae,q tiaievinU IIemoQ aeh1auo3 paiiilshtaubnl
baa siomitls8 .ymonoo Dniwolo yIbigs a ai eeuaal baa ameIdoi :se,oN 1ace F svis naasH .aae,q ytiateviaU enDIqoH anrbol. eniT ,nobnoJ
tnemqoleveO ss,o) se,o) ni ebsiT 10 ytianetnf iotosR baa ylcigu2 otosR 8Q F ,batnoW .pnoH .Iuoe2 ,etutitaril
fnemqolevea seioN "se,o)l ni fnemyolqmJ bns anoihotaia ,eb6,T" xce F ,lostnoW gnoH .Iuoe2 ,tutitanI
.0 ni "nswisT bus seio)l %o e3neheqx3 edT :tnemqolevea bus ebsT' 1ceer I3BtnoW 1noH .nobnoi 1egbeItuoI ,tnemciolevea bus ebsiT Isnoifsmetnl ,.be ,noaasH
io artoitsoilqml bus newisl ui tnemqolevecl oimonoo3 io ygetsit8" 889F ,gnim-iilO ,uoH tnemqolevea 3imono33 no eoaeieno3 suit ts betneaeiq eqsq "aeimono33 gniqolevea
.OF-8 enut. ,ieqisT 1nswisT o eeoneheqx2
oimonooj ui girla,uene,ge,1n3 bus .aaeniau8 .tnemmevo0 ,089 F ,gnos8 II bus yo,eJ 1aenoL .AM egbhdmsO aae,9 ytiaievinU b,sv-isH 1eas3 nseio) suiT :Snemciolevea
IweM suit o rliwo,0 oimono33 o eo,uo2 suiT" e9F ,usJ .L eone,wsJ bus .II-QnoL. ,mi) 1ytiaevinU bonst8 .tqhoaunsm berlailduqau ",mi 3ffl35q eiit no eshtnuoO beiIshtaubnI
.,edmsoea
o easO silT :yiIoq noits.ilsiediJ ebsiT o gnioneupe8 brie gutimiT sri T 889r ,1u2 QrlsW> miN .,lns8 bhoW ,tqhoaunsm berlailduqnu "seio>
is odio3 .V ui "aiehoqx3 iequ8 asiaA o anoeaeJ bus eoneheqx3 eriTa ,889 F ,.O ennA ,,sgeui)I pniiIshtaubnI ylweM eviR !o aaeu2 silT :eeipets,t8 tnemgoleveci betnehO-hogx3 abe ,.Is
.nobnoJ bus ebIuo8 1aaeiq weiwtaeW ,aehtnuo3
1(ysM) 1V3 aoimonoo3 !o IsmuoL yhehsuO "anoitstoeqx3 auaiev iotaiH" t99F Iue nsmgu1>
.obs,oIoO ,
,ebluo8 eae,1 weivtaeW ,noitians,T ni ymono33 nswisT suiT ,E89t shir18 ,ouN
noitutitadu8-hogml bus ebsiT :2-8I9F .nswisT ui aoitsiIshtaubnI 1et ,nsuy-gnirl3 ,nii .*ioY well 99851q 1aehtnuo3 pnigolevea io 5epoipoq
,biotxO 1egsIIoO bleiYtull ",betieiveI noitssilshteubnl bns ebsil" ,99F ,.a.M nsl ,elttiJ ieqsq berlailduqnu
o oiIdupeI suit o noitsximeboM Isioo8 bns oimonoo3 edT 089 F ,aiedto bus ,2 b,swb3 ,noasM .AM ,egbndmsO ,aae,9 ytiaevinU bisvsH ,ssioN
o yosnurrnstsbnl bus noitsiIshtaubnI ,amuts gniassl3nl" F991' ,honimi) ,smsyuatsM .088-'VF6 ,(ysM) IVO ,aoimonoo3 o IsmuoL yhehsuO ",muhdiliupJ
o aleboM otoe8-owT ui aoimsnO IsnoitiansiT" ,C99F ,nihsM-i-eIs8 ieivsX bus ses3 ,nsgilluM .&V-QC\ (teuguA) IHVO aoimonoo3 o IsmuoL yhehsuO "rllwoiO auonegobn3
",ilau gi8 suit brie noitsxilshtaubnl" ,989F ,ynrleiV hedoI bus ,,&ield2 ieibnA nive)4 yriqiuM .80F-E00F IIVOX ymonoo3 Isoitiloci o IsmuoL
:sgnsrlO Is3iQoIonrl3eT bus getsit8 Ishtaubnl" 889 F lsrlqtaeW .3 yiisJ brie ,biswoH los .8r-8 S aoimonoo3 tnemgolevea o IsmuoL "yiiIssI auaiev yoeilT
yelnst8 iii "oiJo inemqoleveO io anoaaeJ ,uoI :eIosiM nsieA IasJ edT' ,t99t ,nriot, ,egsq 1AM ,egbndms3 ,eer IsurinA e3imonooeotasM p38W ,.ebe p,edmetoI oiluL brie ierbaiR
.heeF ew nshemA "rliwo,O ot IutrmsH tiIsupent efu eet ,iniIledsT obiu brie ,neta,oT noea,eq
.enut ,weive1 oimonoo3
bioThst8 ",tnemqolevea oimonoo3 brie ,ods.J o noisiviG edT" ,C99 I ,eèibriA ,esI3-euhbo .ytiaevinU
ni "cqlsH IIee noitsUs,ediJ ebs,T aeoO :qsO ygolonriosT edt gnieol3" ,eer ,insa ,hboI botxO ,aevitoegaieq Well :tnemgoleveQ brie noitsiIshteubnI .yoiIo9 obrnT ,.be ,ienielleH .XO
.nobneisl3 ,eeeiq tie,evinU
A :eeimonoo3 etsibemeitni ni yoiIo tnemmevoD brie eeuIis1 noitsnibloo3u ,C9eF ,insci ,1hbo .tieievinU sidmulo3 ",eqoiu3 metes3 brie neisA tes3 at enoitsoilqqA ritiw leboM
ni e%oW zs ec%1 brie ,lns8 bhoW silT ::slIibo3 eteeM gnoN gni)r 1insa ,hbo5 aseaievO eoriehegx3 naleA tas3 silt moi enoaeeJ SriDiaea ,o elosiiM ,aer1to bns woirleiR .A
.oa ,notgnirlasW ,Jbnuo3 tnemqolevea
",siaA tas3 is looJ istiionA :triemMevnl brie ,ehoqx3 ,ygetsii8 ebsiT" ,aeet ,insa ,1hboI .oci ,notgnirlesW ,,eqeq noieauoaia m,o1e51 oiIo o etutitaril
metas3-rItuo8 bns metas9 o noitsiIshtaijbnI o ameldoiq" ,C42t ,Iusq ,nsbo1-riieteneaol I -O iedmetqe2-enuL ,ca Ismuot. oimonooa ",eqoiu3
ymonoo3 Iaoitiloq o IsmuoL "asimonoo3 Ismetx3 o etqeorio3 owT" r ,odiT ,y)1aVoti38 .IhqA
t',noahsqmo3 Isoiteitst8 Isnoitemetril nA :aeehqstri3 oilduq o eIoI silTu ,CBer ,hedo horl8 .30 ,notgnirlasW ,bnuR vistenoM tsnoitsmstril
flu ",rUwo,O o,monoo3 e'seio) ni uioq xsT o eIo1 eiiT' ,eer ,yeIIsrIW nrloL bns ,eneil ,sle,T ,nobnoi brie ogsoirl3 ,rmoe xsT o ymonoo3 Isoutuloq silT ,.ebe ,egei.ri>1 .A bus oil .T
.aas,q ogsoid3 o yticievinU
.3.A iii ",tnemqoleve0 oimonoo3 ni anoaeeJ :ebsiiM oimonoo3 a'nswisT' ,18eF v.3.2 ,gnsiaT .ooaionsR ns8 ,aeei 831 ,rltwoiO oimorioo3 bhoW ,.be iegiedisH
ni tnemmevo) !o elo1 silt brie viosiT oimorioo3 :SehsM silt QnimevoO ,099t ,hedol ,ebsW •eae,q ytiaievinU noteonhq ,U4 ,noteonhq ,noiteilshteubnl neisA tee]
b,oxO voiloq oilduq brie rltwoiO oimonoo] :elosiiM nsiaA tee] edT ,ceet 1,lnsG bhoW .30 ,notgnir$esW ,,1nsB bhoW silt io aae,1 ytia,svinU
gribhoW 538k1 ",wsiV nshs,tno3 A :eOlLl risieA tee] silt mo, enoaaeJ' ,C99! ,nwlA ,pnuoY .011 ieqsq
tee] silt lo eeitilse leoitaitst2 silt gnutrio,rio3 :a,edmull o nnsiT edT" It@F ,riwlA ,gnuoY .yisuideR ,sqsq berleilduqnu ",eoneheqx] rflwoiO nsiaA