israelis sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgile ronen ploti ... · israelis sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgile ronen ploti miiCnevs, rom... dani aialoni: saqarTvelo da israeli bunebrivi

damoukidebeli ebrauli gazeTi saqarTveloSi

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ivnisi(sivani)#9 (367)(5772)2012

21-24 maiss saqarTvelos dedaqalaqs israelis sagareo saqmeTa min-istris moadgile, qneseTis wevri dani aialoni ewvia. batoni aialoni vizitis dros saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgiles, daviT jalaRanias da saministros sxva warmomadgenlebs Sexvda. ewvia uSiSroebis sabWos. estumra saqarTvelos parlamentis sagareo saqmeTa komitetis Tavmjdomares akaki minaSvils da sxva oficialur pirebs.

Sexvedrebze mxareebma kulturul, samrewvelo, saganmanaTleblo, sasoflo-sameurneo, ekonomikur da sxva dargebSi samomavlo TanamS-romlobis gazrdaze isaubres. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba gamaxvil-da or qveyanas Soris turistuli kavSiris gaRrmavebaze.

batonma aialonma israelis sagareo politikis Sesaxeb saqarT-velos strategiuli da saerTaSoriso swavlebis fondSi leqciac gamarTa.

saqarTvelos da israels uZvelesi tradiciebi da faseulobebi aqvT. swored amitom es ori qveyana erTmaneTis bunebrivi mokavSirea, ganacxada ministris moadgilem vizitis dros. aq ekonomikuri da kul-turuli TanamSromlobis gasaRrmaveblad Camovedi, gansakuTrebiT aRvniSnavdi turizmis seqtors, romelsac saqarTveloSi udidesi potenciali aqvs. aseve mniSvnelovania sasoflo-sameurneo da sagan-manaTleblo kavSirebis gamoyeneba. vizitis dros saSualeba momeca vwveodi saqarTvelos istoriul adgilebs. qveynis silamaziTa da xalxis siTboTi da stumarTmoyvareobiT aRfrTovanebuli davrCi. aq Tavi sakuTar saxlSi megona da, darwmunebuli var qarTvelebic swored ase igrZnoben Tavs israelSi. marTalia, qarTveli da ebraeli xalxi raodenobrivad mcire erebia, magram Cven udidesi warsuli da brwyinvale momavali gvaqvs.

24 maiss `redison blu iveriaSi~ israelis propagandisa da dia-sporis ministris moadgiles _ ronen plotsa da qarTuli mediis warmomadgenlebs Soris Sexvedra gaimarTa. maRalCinosani saqa-rTveloSi ramdenime dRiT imyofeboda da misi Camosvlis mizani saqarTvelos ukeT gacnoba iyo. Sexvedra sasiamovno viTarebaSi gaimarTa. ministris moadgile urTierTobaSi Zalian uSualo iyo. man isaubra sakuTar Tavze, ojaxze, aseve israelis miRwevebze da israelsa da saqarTvelos Soris urTierTobaze, rasac didi is-toria aqvs. imedi daitova, rom es urTierToba kidev ufro gan-viTardeba da israeli saqarTvelos sxvadasxva sferos ganviTa-rebaSi aqtiurad gauwevs daxmarebas. aseve aRniSna, rom sakuTari profesiidan gamomdinare bevr qveyanaSi uwevs mogzauroba da aseTi Sekruli Temi rogoric saqarTveloSia arsad unaxavs, imis gaTvaliswine biT,Y rom maT qarTuli kultura da Cveulebebi aqvT SeTvisebuli. bolos ministris moadgilem Jurnalistebis mier dasmul kiTxvebsac gasca pasuxi.

ronen ploti miiCnevs, rom...israelis sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgiledani aialoni:

saqarTvelo da israeli bunebrivi mokavSireebi arian

dani aialoni da akaki minaSvili

pativcemulo merab isakis-Zev!

evraziis ebraelTa kongresis xelmZRvanelebi da TanamSrom-lebi gilocavT dabadebis dRes.

Cven gulwrfelad gvaxarebs is, rom Tqven _ ebrauli saTemo cxovrebis erT-erTi yvelaze Tanmimdevruli da guluxvi mece-nati, xarT Cveni kongresis vice-prezidenti.

Tqveni saqvelmoqmedo moRvaweoba SeiZleba samagaliTod iqces yoveli mecenatisaTvis.

Tanaxmad ebrauli tradiciisa, gisurvebT 120 wlis sicoc-xles. imedi gvaqvs, rom Cvens survils Seismens qveynierebis Semo-qmedi da Tqven win gaqvT axali gamarjvebebi.

Tqven da Tqvens axloblebs gisurvebT janmrTelobas, bed-nierebas, sixaruls. imedi gvaqvs, Cveni nayofieri TanamSromlo-bis gagrZelebisa.

Eevraziis ebrauli kongresis generaluri mdivani, profesorimixeil Clenovi

Ggeneraluri sabWos Tavmjdomareiosif ziselsi

milocva vice-prezident merab elaSvils

2 m e n o r a ivnisi (sivani) №9, 2012 w.

ivnisis damdegs saqarTvelos ewvia is-raelis qarTvel ebrael rabinTa mraval-ricxovani delegacia. `xabadis~ egidiT gamar-Tul am misiaSi monawileobdnen israelis qa-laqebis cnobili qarTveli ebraeli rabinebi.

delegaciis stumrobis mizani gaxldaT saqarTvelos ebrauli yofis Rrmad gacnoba. am mizniT delegaciis wevrebi ewvivnen ebraul organizaciebs, esaubrnen Temis wevrebs, gae-mgzavrnen regionebSi.

3 ivniss ki sastumro `Tbilisi-mariotSi~ `soxnuTis~ saqarTvelos warmomadgenlobam gamarTa delegaciisa da Tbilisis sazogadoe-briobis Sexvedra, romelic gaxsna soxnuTis warmomadgenlobis xelmZRvanelma avi ofir-ma; avi ofiri miesalma delegaciis TbilisSi Camosvlas, miiCnia igi mniSvnelovan movlenad, gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdobisaTvis es ariso didi sulieri stimuli da aRniSna:

_ me saqarTveloSi, afxazeTSi davibade, aRvizarde israelSi, magram saqarTvelo, qa-rTuli yofa cxovrebis ganuyreli nawilia, es siyvaruli ojaxma Caminerga.

dsT-s qveynebSi `soxnuTis~ warmomadgen-lobis xelmZRvaneli roman polonski:

_ simarTle giTxraT, miWirs imis Sesaxeb saubari, rac dRes vnaxe, Zalian mixaria Tqven-Tan erTad am sasiamovno saRamos gatareba. soxnuTi didi organizaciaa, Cven bevr qveyana-Si vmuSaobT, magram Cemi mogzaurobis dros Za-lian iSviaTad da SeiZleba arsad Sevxvedrivar aseT Tbil da namdvil urTierTobas, rasac aq vgrZnob. didi madloba rabinebis delegacias, romelic israelidan Camovida da energiiT, sulierebiT gvavsebs. ori dRea TbilisSi var, magram iseTi SegrZneba maqvs, rom didi xania aq vimyofebi. Tqven pirvelebi iyaviT, romleb-mac 1968 wels gadeT xidi israelTan. Tqven iyaviT isini, romlebmac komunisturi reJimis pirobebSi ebrauli tradiciebi SeinarCuneT. Zalian gvinda Tqveni israelSi naxva, magram rogori gadawyvetilebac ar unda miiRoT,

yovelTvis erTgul partniorebad gviguleT. Cven erTad kidev bevr karg saqmes gavakeTebT.

israelis sagangebo da sruluflebi-ani elCi saqarTveloSi icxak gerbergi. _ mogesalmebiT yvelas, Zalian mixaria, rom vxedav bevr xalxs, gansakuTrebiT is maxarebs, rom Tqvens Soris Zalian bevri axalgazrda da bavSvia. mogexsenebaT, ebrauli Temi saqarT-veloSi Zalian didi ar gaxlavT da Cven erTad yofnis didi survili gvaqvs. upirveles yov-lisa, minda didi madloba movaxseno ,,soxnuTs~ am RonisZiebis CatarebisTvis ,,soxnuTi~ bevr karg saqmes akeTebs _ aris xidi aqaurobasa da israels Soris. saqarTveloSi ebraelobasa da qarTvelebs Soris aris tradiciuli kav-Siri, romelic, rogorc cnobilia, 2600 wlis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeba. namdvilad saamayoa, rom saqarTveloSi ar yofila antisemitizmi. saqarTvelosa da israels gansakuTrebuli damokidebuleba aqvT da swored am urTier-Tobis gamo israelSi asvla ufro metad Znel-deba. Cven yvelas Zalian gvWirdebiT israel-Si, magram sanam es moxdeba, aqac aris bevri ram gasakeTebeli. maT Soris ivriTis Seswavla. mTavaria, rom yvelas gvaxsovdes Cveni saxelm-wifo Cveni saxlia. kargi iqneba, rom momavalSi Cveni Sexvedris adgili israeli iyos.

qalaq ludis qarTvel ebraelTa mTavari rabini icxak moZRvriSvili:

_ saRamo mSvidobisa, CvenTvis Zalian mniS-vnelovania es saRamo. Tbiliss aqvs Zalian didi warsuli, iseve rogorc ebrael ers da qarTvelebisa da ebraelebis urTierTobas. es aris saistorio saRamo CemTvis da Cemi me-gobrebisTvis. me vusurveb mTeli msoflios da gansakuTrebiT saqarTvelos jamaaTs, rom asuliyos erec israelSi. Cven bevri kargi dResaswauli gvaqvs, erT-erTi aris xanuqa, es is dResaswaulia, rodesac RmerTma dagvix-sna mtrebisgan da gagvaTavisufla. Cven am dResaswauls sanTlebis anTebiT aRvniSnavT. ojaxebSi vanTebT sanTlebs da vadidebT gam-

Cens. sanTeli aris gama-Suqebeli. yvela valdeb-ulni varT, momaval Tao-bas gza gavunaToT. sami dRea, rac CamovediT, bevr adgilas viyaviT da sasia-movnod gakvirvebulni varT Tbilisis jamaaTis mSvenierebiT. movinaxu-leT didi da patara loc-va. vnaxeT, Tu ra didi siTbo trialebs Tbili-sis jamaaTSi. gisurvebT bednier cxovrebas, gi-survebT erec israelSi male asvlas, me minda didi

madloba gadavuxado am saRamos organiza-tors avi ofirs.

aSdodis qarTvel ebraelTa mTavari rabinma iakob gagulaSvilma isaubra saTemo yofaSi mSvidobiani urTierTobis Taobaze, moigona qarTvel ebraelTa Tavdadeba rwmenis Senar-CunebisaTvis, gaixsena, onis rabinis _ mose buzukaSvilis gmiruli Tavdadeba onis beiT qneseTis gadarCenisaTvis, roca komunistur xelisuflebas misi dangreva ewada da dasZina:

_ Cven bavSvebi viyaviT, rodesac saqarT-velo davtoveT, dRes ki davbrundiT relig-iuri moRvawebis saxiT. saqarTvelom mSoba da israelma gamzarda. Cven tradiciuli eri varT da arafers viviwyebT. me am TemiT vamay-ob. saqarTveloSi ebraelobam TavganwirviT Seinaxa tradiciebi. meamayeba, rom am TemSi, am didebul qveyanaSi var dabadebuli. gamCens CemTvis arCevanis ufleba rom moeca, meored dabadebis adgilad aucileblad saqarT-velos avirCevdi.

qalaq kiriaT aTas mTavari rabini abram ajiaSvili:

_ pirvel rigSi mivesalmebi Cvens stum-rebs, israelis elCs saqarTveloSi, `sox-nuTis~ warmomadgenlebs. 9 wlis win TbilisSi avi ofiris mamis _ iakob ofiris mowveviT vi-yavi Camosuli. araerTi RonisZieba Catarda. maSinac iTqva, rom ebraelma erma msoflios sinaTle moutana da es sinaTle aris Tora. erTi kviris win Cven aRvniSneT Toris miRebis dRe, mas Semdeg 3326 weli gavida. im dRidan ToraSi aRniSnuli mcnebebi mudmivad inarCu-nebda aqtualurobas da yovelTvis ase iqneba. man ara marto ebrael ers, msoflios SesZina didi ganZi. msoflioSi arc erTi wigni ar aris amden enaze naTargmni, rogorc Tora. ebraeli eri ar Seicvleba, ar daiSleba _ iyo, aris da iqneba, Cven ar viviwyebT im saxelmwifos, sa-dac davibadeT. sikeTis, siyvarulis garda, Cven saqarTvelosTvis araferi migvicia da am qveyanaSic yovelTvis igives vgrZnobT.

sulierebis didi misia anu

,,gamCens CemTvis arCevanis ufleba rom moeca, meored dabadebis adgilad, aucileblad, saqarTvelos avirCevdi~

3m e n o r aivnisi (sivani) №9, 2012 w.

ebrauli sakiTxisadmi XVIII saukunis cnobili mwerlis, RvTismsaxurisa da mogzauris timoTe gabaSvilis (dabadebis TariRi ucnobia, gardaicvala 1764 w.) damokidebuleba faqto-brivad misi ierusalimuri STabe-Wdilebebis moTxrobiT Semoi-fargleba. rogorc cnobilia, wminda adgilebis monaxulebisa da molocvis mizniT 1755-1759 wleb-Si man saberZneTsa da palestinaSi imogzaura, ris Sedegadac miRe-buli STabeWdilebebi sakmaod vrclad da sainteresod aRwera mogzauruli xasiaTis nawarmoebSi - `mimosvla~.

miuxedavad imisa, rom t. gab-aSvilis mogzaurobis umTavresi mizani religiuri interesebiT iyo gansazRvruli, misi wignis Tvalsawieri gacilebiT ufro farToa da mravalmxrivi. saber-ZneTisa da israelis saeklesio centrebis aRwera-daxasiaTebas-Tan erTad mwerali Cveni qveynis istoriisa da Tanadrouli yofis uaRresad saintereso sakiTxe-bzec amaxvilebs yuradRebas. `mi-mosvlis~, rogorc istoriul-do-kumenturi wyaros, mniSvnelobas arsebiTad zrdis is garemoebac,

rom igi israelis, saberZneTis, TurqeTisa da axlo aRmosavleTis sxva qveynebis Sesaxebac gvawvdis mravalmxriv sagulisxmo cnobebsa da informaciebs.

rogorc `mimosvlidan~ naTlad Cans, imdroindel israels ara Tu saxelmwifoebrivi statusis aranairi forma ar hqonda damkvi-drebuli, aramed mTeli qveyana ucxoel dampyrobTa saTareSo as-parezad iyo gadaqceuli. am mov-lenas imdenad didi masStabebi hqonda SeZenili, rom sakuTari samSoblodan saukuneebis winaT gandevnili ebraelebi kvlavac msoflios sxvadasxva qveynebSi daeZebdnen TavSesafars. t. gab-aSvilis monaTxrobidan naTlad Cans, rom ierusalimSi da israelis sxva sofel-qalaqebSi ebraelTa nacvlad arabebi, Turqebi da sxva modgmis xalxi iyo damkvidrebu-li.

israelSi myofi mwerali xSirad usvams xolme xazs im garemoebas, rom es qveyana imxanad TurqTa batonobis qveS iyo moqceuli. gansakuTrebiT mZime mdgomareo-ba sufevda mahmadiani arabebiT dasaxlebul regionebSi, sadac specialuri dacvis gareSe gavla faqtobrivad SeuZlebeli iyo. mag-aliTad, mwerali uRrmes gulist-kivils gamoTqvams imis gamo, rom ierusalimSi Casuli momlocvele-bi, miuxedavad maTi didi survili-sa, qalaq nazareTSi, `sadaca aRz-rdil iyo ufali~, `gzisa siSori-saTvis da SiSisaTvis arabTasa~ Sesvlas ver axerxebdnen.

mosalodneli xifaTis Tavi-dan acilebis mizniT mlocvelebi iZulebulni iyvnen wminda adg-ilebis dasaTvaliereblad xSirad Turqi jariskacebis TanxlebiT

evloT. israelis wminda miwaze mogzau-

robis periodSi t. gabaSvils bib-liidan da am qveynis istoriidan kargad cnobili TiTqmis yvela adgili mounaxulebia. esenia: naz-areTi, beTlemi, galilea, beTania, lodi, kesaria, iafo, Raza, tibe-ria... golgoTis, sionis, libanis, qarmelisa da zeTisxilis mTebi...

miuxedavad imisa, rom `mimosv-laSi~ sakmaod vrcladaa moTxro-bili dasaxelebul adgilebSi mwerlis mogzaurobis ambavi, t. gabaSvilis nawarmoebis umTavresi mizani mainc ierusalimis wminda adgilebis daTvalierebis Sede-gad miRebuli STabeWdilebebis gadmocemaa. ierusalimSi mwerali da misi Tanamgzavrebi qalaq rum-lidan (ramladan) gamgzavrebu-lan.

t. gabaSvili emociuri aRtki-nebiT aRwers im udides STabeW-dilebas, romelic masze ierusa-lims, rogorc qristes miwieri cxovrebis sisxlxorceul nawil-sa da qristianuli religiis sam-Soblod qceul qalaqs, mouxdenia. Tumca, igi arc ierusalimis qris-tianobamdel istorias tovebs uyuradRebod da misi uZvelesi bibliuri warsulis Sesaxebac sau-brobs udidesi siyvaruliTa da pa-tiviscemiT.

ierusalimSi yofnis periodSi timoTes ara marto qristianuli siwmindeebi dauTvalierebia, ar-amed bibliidan kargad cnobili Zvelebrauli RirsSesaniSnaobe-bic. am adgilebis daTvalierebis Sedegad miRebuli umZafresi STabeWdilebebi `mimosvlaSi~ Tumca avtorisaTvis Cveuli la-konizmiT, magram udidesi emoci-uri aRtkinebiTaa gadmocemuli.

ierusalimSi myofi timoTe, bunebrivia, gansakuTrebul in-teress im eklesia-monastrebi-sadmi iCenda, romlebic warsulSi qarTvelTa kuTvnilebas war-moadgenda. miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTvelebis mier agebul am sa-locavebSi imxanad aRarc erTi qarTveli RvTismsaxuri ar iyo darCenili da es eklesiebi ukve ucxoel RvTismsaxurebs hqondaT misakuTrebuli, maTSi mainc sak-maod iyo SemorCenili qarTuli siwmindeebi, kulturul-materi-aluri faseulobebi da warwerebi.

t. gabaSvilma, rogorc Tavisi qveynis imJamindeli SesaZleblo-bebis arsSi Rrmad garkveulma mamuliSvilma, kargad icoda, rom Tumca istoriulad CvenTvis kuTvnil am eklesia-monastrebs iolad aravin dagvibrunebda, ma-gram Tuki guliT movindomebdiT, imis gakeTeba namdvilad Segve-Zlo, ierusalimis romelime mon-asterSi erTi qarTveli beri mainc gvyoloda dayudebuli, romelic `ZvelTa micvalebulTaTvis mox-senebas ar moSlida da qristes saflavisa zeda golgoTas da sx-vaTa monasterTa Sina kandels ar daavsebda~. `vinaTgan mokvdavni varT, amis ubrwyinvales alags sada vpovebT da sad moixsenie-bodes Cveni suli?! anu risTvis daugdiaT esodeni Wirnaxuli?~ _ sinanuliT daaskvnis xiluli sinamdviliT gulnatkeni mwerali da orsaukunenaxevarze meti xnis winaT warmoTqmuli am mZafrad patriotuli sityvebiT faqto-brivad dRevandeli qarTvelebis gulistkivilsac gamoxatavs.

rubrikas uZRveba profesori avTandil nikoleiSvili

timoTe gabaSvili(werili meore)

rabinebma vaJebs bar micva miuloces da sa-maxsovro saCuqrebi gadasces. erT-erTi iyo reuven xuxaSvili, romelmac sityvac war-mosTqva.

reuven xuxaSvili: didi madlobas mogax-senebT CamobrZanebisTvis. adre SeiZleba bevrs ar egona, rom iseT patara qveyanaSi, rogoric saqarTveloa, aseTi Zlieri jamaa-Ti iyo. Tqveni Camosvla jamaaTisTvis didi stimulia. rodesac xalxi xedavs, rom Tqven ase axlos xarT gamCenTan, amis survili maTac uCndebaT. kidev erTxel did madlobas gixdiT CamobrZanebisTvis. bar micva yoveli adami-anisTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania, radgan bavS-vobidan gamodixar da garkveuli sakiTxebis gadawyveta damoukideblad giwevs

gaimarTa profesor eTer TofCiaSvil-gigineiSvilis wignis èbrauli simboloebis~ prezentacia, romelic ebrauli saagentos `soxnuTis~ dafinansebiT gamoica.

eTer TofCiaSvil-gigineiSvili: upirvel yovlisa, minda didi madloba gadavuxado gam-Cens, rom am dRes moveswari. Semdeg ebrauli saagentos warmomadgenlobas da mis xelmZR-vanels _ avi ofirs, romelic mxarSi amomid-ga da wignis gamocemaSi damexmara. wignis _ ,,ebrauli simboloebis~ gamocemis idea ori Tvis win gaCnda, erT-erT RonisZiebaze, ro-melic wignebis gamocemas exeboda, maSin avi ofirs vTxove daxmareba wignis gamocemaSi da man aasrula Tavisi danapirebi. am wigns safuZ-

vlad daedo leqciebis cikli, romelsac mra-vali wlis ganmavlobaSi vkiTxulob Tbilisis ebraul saTemo saxlSi, programiT ,,ebrauli simbolika da tradicia~. ebrauli simboloe-bi ebraeli xalxis yoveldRiuri cxovrebis ganuyrel nawils warmoadgens.

saRamo sazeimo sufriT dasrulda.

nino SavaZe

redaqciisagan: saqarTvelos ebraelo-ba iyo da uwindeburad rCeba erovnuli tradiciebis erTguli. Aam TemSi kvlavac

Zlieria gamCenis samsaxuris rwmena, xolo struqturuli TvalsazrisiT, rasakvirve-lia, aris rigi naklovanebebisa. Aamitom ,,xaba-dis~ iniciativa, misi daintereseba saqarT-veloSi mimdinare procesebiT, misasalmebel faqtad migvaCnia. imeds gamovTqvamT, rom es daintereseba ar iqneba erTjeradi aqti da ,,xabadi~ seriozulad moekideba Cvens ja-maaTSi arsebul problemebs. ,,xabads~ ZaluZs seriozuli rolis Sesruleba saqarTvelos ebraelebSi sulierebis gaZlierebis saqmeSi, sulierebis gaZliereba-ganmtkiceba ki Tavi-daTavi saqmea. Yyvelaferi aqedan iwyeba.

ebrauli Tema qarTul mwerlobaSi


garda amisa, saqarTvelos Sida socialur-ekonomiuri viTareba da is politikur-relig-iuri konstelacia, romelSic mas uxdeboda yofna sxvadasxva dros, saukuneebis manZilze, Tavis Sesabamis asaxvas poulobnen saqarT-velos eklesiis oficialuri eklesiisa da sax-elmw. xelisufalTa, kerZod mefe-ministrebis mdgomareobaze, maT poziciebze palestinaSi. e.i. saqarTvelos eklesiis garkveuli ucxoe-Turi ganStoebis arseboba TviT saqarTvelos eklesiis siZlieresa da saqarTvelos politi-kur mdgomareobaze iyo damokidebuli. arab-Ta xangrZlivi batonoba saqarTveloSi, sxva xalxTa Tu tomTa xSiri Tavdasxmebi, pales-tinisken qarTvel berTa piligrimobis gzaze damabrkolebel faqtebs warmoadgendnen.

saqarTvelo-palestinis istoriuli urT-ierTobebis TvalsazrisiT, dawyebuli ad-reuli Sua saukuneebidan, ramdenime Wirs rigi specifikuri mizezebis gamo, Tvali ga-vadevnoT saqarTvelos sakuTriv ebrauli el-ementis kavSir-damokidebulebas Tavis isto-riuli samSoblosadmi, miuxedavad amisa, zogi-erTi istoriuli faqtis mikvleva am aspeqtiT da saTanado daskvnis gakeTeba SesaZleblad migvaCnia da amis ganxorcielebas Cvens Sro-maSi К ист. евреев Кавказа SevecdebiT.

02 arabTa dapyrobebiT (e.w. RazavaTis omebi) iwyeba musulmanuri samyaros kontaqtebis da-myareba qristianobasTan. es kontaqtebi sau-kuneTa manZilze (kerZod 636-1099 wlebSi) mra-valaspeqtovani iyo da ara erTxel iRebdnen arabebis mxridan uaryofiTi humanizmis saxes.

musulmanuri dominaciis farglebSi moq-ceuli wm. miwis gasaTavisufleblad da araer-Ti interesantuli faqtoris gavleniT 1099-1291 wlebSi palestina evropuli jvarosnebis sabrZolo arenasa da Sedegad laTinTa same-fos warmoadgens.

egvipteli mamluqebis islamizirebuli samxedro kastebis batonobam palestina 1291-1517 wlebSi moicva. aRsaniSnavia, axlo aR-mosavleTis mamluqebis samefo dinastiebSi da saerTod kavkasiur-Cerqezuli elementis SemoWris yvelasaTvis cnobili faqti. musul-mani mamluqebis periodSic aqvs adgili anti-qristianuli tendenciis gaZlierebas. isini viTarca dampyrobeli musulmanebi Tavs yove-live qristianulisa Tu ebraulis kanonier patron-mflobelad Tvlidnen.

TurqeTis gabatonebiT (1517-1917), TiTq-mis yvela istoriuli sapatriarqo (konstan-tinopolis, aleqsandriis, antioqis, ieruS-alaimis) Turqebis hegemoniis qveS moeqca, rasac Taviseburi politikur-religiuri da iuridiul-samarTleblivi wiaRsvlebi hqon-da Turqebis batonobis arealSi moqceuli saqristianosaTvis. saerTo decentraliza-ciis pirobebSi, gansakuTrebuli uflebebi da priviligiebi moipova berZnulma orTodoq-sulma eklesiam, Tumca droTa ganmavlobaSi, aRmosavleli qristianebic iqnen cnobilni damoukidebel samonastro-sakrebulo er-Teulebad. me-17 saukunis bolodan, garkveu-lad, laTini kaTolikebi iwyeben gaZlierebas. sulTnis mier sxvadasxva dros gacemuli fir-manebi, miznad isaxavdnen Sidaqristianuli ganxeTqilebebisa da dava-uTanxmoebebis mo-spobas ieruSalaimsa da saerTod palestinaSi.

03 aRniSnuli periodebis Sesaxeb, saukuneTa

qarTuli palestinianaicxak davidi

(dasawyisi ix. `m~ #4,5,6)

ganmavlobaSi Seiqmna metnaklebad vrceli da garkveuli mniSvnelobis mqone piligrimul-memuaruli xasiaTis literatura (dawvrile-biTi bibliografia ix. Dr.Titus Tolber, Topogra-phie des Jerusalems, b.I, I853).

mravalTa da mravalTa Soris, mivuTiTebT iseT wyaroebze, rogoricaa wm. vilibaldis cxovreba (728 w.), mogzaurobani, dRiurebi da aRwerilobebi iohan vircburgis (1130), evgezipis (1140) vilbran oldenborgelis (1212), perdikasi (1250), brikardis (1280), mari-no xanutos (1310) simone ligolis (1384), elia de ferares (1438), roberto de san saverios (1458) da sxvebi.

04 bizantia _ saqarTvelos religiuri urTierTobebis fonze, rac Cv. w.-is me-4 sau-kunidan gamoikveTa da gaxda sacnauri, arabTa islamur-dampyrobluri omebis saukunemde (me-7), mtkice, stabiluri kavSiri arsebobda saqarTvelosa da siria-palestinas Soris, umaRlesi orTodoqsaluri siriul-berZnu-li mRvdelTmTavroba gabatonebul elements warmoadgenda saqarTveloSi da amdenad arcaa sakvirveli, rom qarTuli eklesia antioqiis sapatriarqos eqvemdebareboda.

475-488 wlebSic ki, qarTuli eklesiis av-tokefaliis gamocxadebis Semdegac, antio-qiis patriarqis umaRlesi mRvdelTmTavroba aRiarebuli iyo saqarTveloSi.

yovelive es, bunebrivia, ganapirobebda mWidro eklesiur-religiur kavSirs or saeklesio erTeuls Soris, rac vrceli bizan-tiis imperiis sxvadasxva adgilebSi, qarTu-li saeklesio-sasuliero centrebis Seneba-daarsebaSi gamoixata. amave mizans emsaxure-boda 13 asureli mamis mosvla saqarTveloSi, berZnuli orTodoqsuli RvTismetyvelebis gavrcelebisa da danergvis mizniT.

334 wels, wm. xaritonma, faranSi, ieruS-alaimTan daarsa pirveli lavra, SemdgomSi kidev 2 lavra ierixosa da xoxaSi. ar unda iyos gamoricxuli qarTuli saeklesio-sam-Seneblo elementis monawileoba me-e saukunis iseTi eklesia-lavrebis SenebaSi, rogoricaa wm. sionis eklesia (340 w.), awarmoes gaTxre-bi 1898-1899 wlebSi germanelebma.), eleonas monasteri (gamovlenilia 1918 wels, domi-nakanelebis mier warmoebuli gaTxrebis Sede-gad), e.w. aRzevebis taZari (378 w.), 1960 wels, awarmoes mis midamoebSi gaTxrebi francis-kanelebma v. korbos xelmZRvanelobiT. geTsi-maniis taZari (385 w.) gaTxares franciskanel-ma mamebma arqiteqtor berluccisa da mama orfelis xelmZRvanelobiT.

ucxoeTSi, sakuTriv qarTuli sabero-aeklesio moRvaweobis dawyebis erT-erTi pirveli gamovlineba iyo, simon stilitis (mexvetis, 395-459 ww.) mier alepodan 40 ver-sis moSorebiT, sim’anis mTaze cnobili taZris daarseba. mas mibaZes sxvebmac, maT Soris um-crosma simon stilitma (521-596 ww.), romelmac antioqiis maxloblad jebel sim’an-is mTaze aaSena monasteri.

473 wels, wm. eqvTimem daarsa cnobili lavra kedronis velSi. (savaraudoa, rom mas ganekuTvneba 460 wels dawesebuli mosax-senebeli 15 ivnisisa. Tuesa ivnisa i e meto-bas dabasa, evdokia dedoflisa Secnebulsa, stefane wmidas, dadgmai wmidisa stefanesi (=ieruS. CrdiloeTiT mdebare eklesia) (ix. Patrol.Orientalls,t.XXXYI,fasc.2#I68,Le codex armenien,Brepols,I97I,p.I99) eqvTimes mowafem, sabam, ieudas udabnoSi aRaSena ramdenime lavra. wm. gerasimem 475 wels, ierixonTan.

qalaqebsa da SemogarenebSi aSenebdnen e.w. koinobionebs (saerTo sacxovreblebis tipis monastrebs). erT-erTi aseTi monasteri dau-arsebiaT 330 wels, wm. ilarions (antoniusis mowafes) da epinafes beT-guvrinis maxlo-

blad, romaeli deda-Svilis melani-(a)-ebis iniciativiT ieruSalaimsa da zeTis xilis mTaze qalTa monastrebi dauarsebiaT. 387 wels wm. paulam qalTa sami monasteri daarsa beT-lexemSi.

me-5 saukuneSi, iudvas udabnos ara erTi gamoqvabuli iqca qristian asketTa TavSesa-fari. wm. Teodosiosma, beT-lexemidan eqvsi milis daSorebiT, Tavi mouyara berZen, qa-rTvel, somex, siriel berebs. beT-lexemi-danve Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT, 2-iode km.-is daSorebiT, bir-l-kutSi virjilio korbos gaTxrebis Sedegad gamovlenil iqna me-6 sau-kunis qarTuli monasteri.

iustinianes periodSi, 543 wels, gaixsna wm. mariamis sax. axali (nea) eklesia. har-haze-Ti-mis (zeTis xilis mTa) daqanebaSi (e. w. domimus flevit); 1955 wels, patara eklesiis naSTebi iqna gaTxrili, romelic me-7 saukuneSi unda iyos aSenebuli. rigma momdevno arqeologi-urma gaTxrebma, ara erTi Zv. saeklesio-samo-nastro nagebobis Tu Senobis nangrevebi ga-moavlines, marmariloTi an mozaikiT mopir-keTebuli iatakebiT da sxv.

monere de vilariT, qarTvelebs adreve unda daewyoT samonastro mSenebloba egvip-tis udabnoSi.

me-6 saukuneSi, mefe farsman me-6-is dros (542-557), saqarTvelos ewvivnen igumeni ioane Tavis diakoniTa da 12 mowafiT. igumeni io-ane mcxeTis maxloblad, zadenis mTaze idebs binas, warmarTuli taZris nangrevebze. misma eqvsma mowafem qarTls miaSura. erT-erT bers wm. abos, mimowerac hqonia wm. simon mesvetes-Tan (umcrosTan). safiqralia, rom es mimosvla da urTierTobebi konstantinopol-antioqi-is politikur-saeklesio wreebis sruli mo-wonebiTa da TanxmobiT xorcieldeboda. (ix. cagareli gv.29).

yovelive aman ganapiroba proberZnuli-orTodoqsaluri mimarTulebis gaZliereba saqarTveloSi, somxur monofizitur eklesi-asTan polemikis gamwvaveba da dvinis saekle-sio krebis (596) Semdeg somxuri eklesiis gam-oyofa. saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi, xangrZlivi da stabiluri iyo qarTuli saeklesio el-ementis arseboba axlo aRmosavleTis farTo qristianul arealSi; gviani Sua saukuneebi-dan iwyeba saqarTvelos politikur-ekonomi-kuri da samxedro daqveiTeba, rasac ueWvelia Tavis gavlena unda moexdina, sazRvargareT arsebul qarTul sasuliero-samonastro centrebze. m. TamaratiT: dResac (1900-iani ww.) moRvaweoben qarTveli berebi palestinis monastrebSi, Tumc maT Sesaxeb cota cnobebi mogvepoveba, dawvrilebiT rom vimsjeloT; ... maT SexvdebiT kviprosze, bosniis mTaze, kon-stantinopolsa da Tesalonikis SemogarenSi.

05. TavisTavadi mniSvneloba aqvs Zvelsa da mdidar qarTul mxatvrul literaturas, romelmac saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi Tan-mimdevrulad da kolorituli adekvatobiT asaxa saqarTveloSi ebraelTa yofa, maTi re-ligiuri tradiciebi, zne-Cveulebebi, garda amisa saTanado yuradReba miaqcia saqarTve-lo-palestinis urTierTobebs, qarTvelebis moRvaweobas wm. miwaze, maT damokidebule-bas Tavis TanatomelebTan, saqarTveloSi. es sakiTxi specialuri Seswavlis sagani unda gaxdes. am TavSi, sakiTxia kompleqsuri ganx-ilvis TvalsazrisiT, movitanT zogierT sain-tereso pasaJs Zv. da Sua saukuneebis (adreu-li) qarTuli literaturis Zeglebidan. (Sdr. J.Karst, Litterature georgienne chrestienne, Parigi, I934).

(gagrZeleba iqneba)


qorwinebisa da seqsis arsi ebrauli moralis TvalsazrisiTSalom davidi

adamiani Tavis garemomcvel samyaroSi eZe-bs sixarulsa da siamovnebas. Toris Tvalsaz-risiT, siamovneba pozitiuria, is aucilebelia adamianisaTvis da mas emsaxureba stimulad – cxovrebaSi aqtiuri qmedebisaTvis. magram sixaruli da siamovneba saWiroeben marTvas da uTuod daemorCilon kanons, im SezRudvebs da pirobebs, ToraSi rom aris miTiTebuli. Cven Segvqmna RmerTma, gviwilbeda sicocxle da man icis, rogori SezRudvebia aucilebeli sruli bednierebis misaRwevad – fizikuri, zneobrivi da sulieri bednierebisaTvis. seqsi warmoad-gens dadebiT sawyiss, ramdenadac is gvevlineba impulsad, romelic aucilebelia kacobriobis arsebobis gagrZelebisa da keTildReobisaTvis. is – kacobriobis modgmis uSreti wyaroa, adami-ans SesaZleblobas rom aZlevs gaavrcelos Ta-visi sicocxle samaradJamod. grZnobaTa sferos meSveobiT mamakaci da qali, qmnadobis saqmeSi, RmerTis Tanamonawileni xdebian. swrafvis, sur-vilis, impulsis gareSe kacobriobas arseboba ar ZaluZs. midraSi laparakobs adamianis fizikur miswrafebaTa Taobaze: `swrafva rom ar arsebob-des kaci ar aaSenebda saxls, ar SeirTavda cols, ar warmoSobda Svilebs da araviTari moRvaweo-biT ar iqneboda dakavebuli~.

magram grZnobiereba xdeba biwieri, Tu mamaka-ci da qali instinqtis ZalauflebaSi sufeven da ar icaven Toris kanonebs, adamians TviTkontro-lisken rom mouwodebs.

Zvelebraul sityvebs – `mamakacs (iS) da qals (iSa) aqvT iseTi struqtura, rom Tu `mamakacid-an~ (iS) amoviRebT aso-bgera (iuds), xolo qali-dan (hes), romlebic Seadgenen RmerTis saxels, maSin orive sityvaSi rCeba aso-bgerebi (alef) da (Sin), e.i. sityva èS~ – cecxli. es rodi warmoad-gens ubralo damTxvevas. seqsi da cecxli erTma-neTis msgavsi da sadaria. cecxli – cxovrebisa da civilizaciis erT-erTi ZiriTadi faqtor-Tagania. miwaTmoqmedebisa da mrewvelobis gan-viTareba dakavSirebulia cecxlTan (eleqtro-ba, orTqli, energia, saTbobi, mze). cecxli es SemoqmedebiTi, konstruqciuli Zalaa, magram Tu mas mivcemT damorCilebis sazRvrebidan gas-vlis SesaZleblobas, is yovelives STanTqavs da moaoxrebs. igive iTqmis seqsis Sesaxeb. odes RmerTi sufevs mamakacsa da qals Soris, raJams xelSeuvali rCeba ìuidi~ da `he~, maSasadame, Rv-Taebrivi kanonebi marTaven mamakacsa da qals, maSin seqsi – dadebiTia, konstruqciuli Zalaa. RmerTis gareSe mamakaci da qali gaTiSulni arian da eSvebian cxovelTa donemde. maTi urT-ierToba, msgavsad cecxlisa, gardiqceva wyarod iavarqmnisa. amad axalgazrdoba unda eride-bodes cecxlTan TamaSs, – igi SeiZleba gavides damorCilebis sazRvrebidan, warsulis yvelaze saukeTeso urTierTobani da migviyvanos sava-lalo Sedegebamde.

siyvarulis WeSmariti safuZvlebi

raSi mdgomareobs arsi siyvarulisa? raSia misi mamoZravebeli Zala? ar arsebobs iseTi adamiani, romelic ar flobs moTxovnilebas, rom vismes raime uwilbedos. siyvaruli – ase-Ti moTxovnilebis Sedegia. ramdenadac mets uwilbedeb sxvas, miT ufro Zlierdeba Seni si-yvaruli.

siyvaruli qorwinebaSia – es is winapirobaa, uromlisodac mamakacisa da qalis cxovreba cal-calke arasrulfasovania. mamakacis cxovreba qalis gareSe uazrobaa, romelsac uZRvnis Ta-vis siyvaruls, masTan warmoSobs bavSvebs da zrunavs maTze. aseve qalis cxovrebac ars nak-lovani umamakacod, romelic mas SesaZleblobas aZlevs, rom hqondes saxli, gazardos bavSvebi da igrZnos sakuTari Tavis aucilebloba cxovre-baSi. TiToeuli maTgani kmayofilia meorisa im SesaZleblobisaTvis, rom savsebiT gamoTqvas sa-kuTari Tavi, – swored amaSia safuZveli siyvar-ulisa. siyvaruli ojaxSi, mogvagonebs RmerTis uangaro siyvaruls adamianisadmi. da ramdena-dac adamians ZaluZs meti misces sxvas, miT ufro emsgavseba igi RmerTs.

adamianis amqveyniuri movaleoba – gaaxan-grZlivos kacobriobisa da sakuTari modgmis arseboba. amisaTvis bavSvebis dabadeba da gazr-da, rodia mxolod biologiuri funqcia. adami-ani pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT unda moepyros amas, rogorc SemoqmedebiT porocess, rameTu bavSvisgan moelian mSobelTa imedebis da Semo-qmedis sasoebis ganxorcielebas, romelmac ada-miani gardaaqcia Tanamonawiled qmnilebaTa did dramaSi.

Cven nabrZanebi gvaqvs ara marto Svilebis ga-Cena, aramed Seqmna adamianebisa, romelnic yove-live saukeTesos gamosaxulebani iqnebian Cvens sazogadoebaSi, Cvens ojaxSi da ebrael xalxSi, TiToeuli bavSvi – es gansakuTrebuli, unikal-uri pirovnebaa, romelic cxovrebaSi fexs Sed-gams sruliad axleburad da masSi dastovebs raRac Taviseburebas. maSasadame, ojaxis mizani ufro didi ram aris, vidre ubralo Svilosno-baa. Svilebma unda gaagrZelon is, raic daiwyes mSoblebma da datoves daumTavrebeli, an ukeTe-si iqneba, rodesac isini gaagrZeleben warsuli Taobis dawyebul saqmes da SeinarCuneben imas, rac maT mier ars Seqmnili.

ojaxi sawindaria memkvidreobisa, is uzrunve-lyofs xalxis momavals. TiToeuli Taoba war-moadgens rgols dausrulebel jaWvSi da Tavis TavSi valdebulebas atarebs, rogorc warsulis mimarT, aseve momavali Taobebisadmi. ojaxi – es skolaa ebrauli cxovrebisa. sakmaod rom Seva-fasoT misi mniSvneloba, aucilebelia vflob-deT istoriuli perspeqtivis grZnobas da gvesmodes, rom TiToeul Cvengans akisria didi pasuxismgebloba, rogorc Tavisi ojaxisa da Ta-visi xalxis wevrs. Cvengan – aravin ar SeiZleba iyos calkeuli, daukavSirebeli pirovneba ara-visTan an araferTan.

da amad, Svilebis warmoSoba unda iyos mamaka-cisa da qalis pasuxismgeblobis SegrZnebisa da momwifebuli gadawyvetilebis Sedegi. maT unda aerTianebdeT urTierTsiyvaruli, pativiscema da saerTo miswrafeba – icxovron RvTaebrivi kanonebis principebis safuZvelze dayrdno-biT. bavSvi unda daibados ojaxSi, romelic mas uwilbedebs ara marto mSobliur siyvaruls, zrunvas da materialur keTildReobas, aramed SeZlebs misi pirovnebis formirebasac. mSo-blebma sakuTari Tavi unda `gadascen~ bavSvs ukve misi cxovrebis yvelaze adreul wlebSi, rameTu am periodSi isini gvevlinebian im ada-mianebad, romlebic mas garemoicaven. magram es ver ganxorcieldeba, Tu isini ver SeZleben cxovrebiseuli miznis povnas, da ver gaigeben TviTdisciplinis aucileblobas.

qali, rogorc pirovneba

qali ojaxis safuZvelia. misi didi daniS-nuleba ojaxsa da sazogadoebaSi, rogorc qali-sa da dedisa Secnobili unda iyos TiToeuli qa-liSvilis mier, romelic saqorwinod emzadeba.

ar SeiZleba daviviwyoT, rom qali Seqmnilia RmerTis mier – misi msgavsebiTa da saxierebiT. igi garemosilia misi mzrunvelobiT da mas, qals, unda movepyroT rogorc sakuTar Tavs, – `giyvardes Seni Tvistomi, viT Tavi Seni~. samwux-arod, axalgazrdobis umetesoba qals uyurebs rogorc seqsis obieqts da ara rogorc pirovne-bas, romelic moiTxovs pativiscemas da gagebas. aseTi axalgazrdobisaTvis qali – saSualebaa, wuTieri siamovnebis misaRwevad.

magram ebrauli moralis TvalsazrisiT, qali – Tanasworuflebiani partniori da megobaria, romlis gareSe cxovreba ar SeiZleba iyos srul-fasovani. qali pirov nebaa, mas aqvs ufleba da movaleoba ara qmris axirebis mixedviT, aramed Toris dadgenilebaTa Sesabamisad.

`pleiboi~

SevecdebiT SevadaroT ebrauli koncefcia, qalis Sesaxeb, Tanamedrove ideals, rogorc is warmodgenilia Jurnal `pleiboiSi~.

Jurnali asaxavs amerikul damokidebulebas

seqsisa da qa-lis sakiTx-isadmi. is m k i T x v e l s s T a v a z o b s c x o v r e b i s n o r m e b s , r o m e l s a c a d a m i a n i mihya vs `fri-cuTamde~ – garyvnileba-mde, ebrauli kanonis dar-R v e v a m d e , Tavmdablobi-sa da TviT-disciplinis sakiTxebSi. da swored amaSi mdgomareobs misi ZiriTadi saSiSroeba. arsebiTad, `pleiboi~ antiseqsualuria, rameTu is seqsSi xedavs mx-olod gasarTob TamaSs axalgazrdobisaTvis. is antia da mianuria, radgan masSi qali warmodge-nilia, rogorc iaf da arafrisadmi dauvaldeb-ulebel obieqtad, romelic mamakacis kaprizebs emorCileba. `pleibois~ mixedviT, qali – saTa-maSoa, romelic SeiZleba gadavdoT, rodesac mTavrdeba dasvenebis dro. msgavsi damokide-bulebani adamianebs gardaqmnian robotebad, romelzec moZraoben instinqtebiT, romelTa cxovreba – TamaSia. es ara marto adamianuri Rirsebis uaryofaa, aramed mamakacisa da qa-lis namdvili bunebis, adamianis Tavisuflebis ugulebelyofac.

intimuri cxovreba, aRsavse rom ars ZaliT da silamaziT, masze damokidebuli ars momavali Taobis bedi. is, rom gardavaqcioT TamaSad – es iqneboda adamianis RvTaebriobis, misi Rirsebis uaryofa, adamianuri pirovnebis gabiwiereba. qals Tu gamoiyeneben mxolod sulmdabali sur-vilebis dakmayofilebisaTvis, – mas gardaaqcev-en roskipad; Tu is sagnad gardaiqceva – igi Sew-yvets Tavis adamianurobas.

Ffriad ucnauria, rodesac zogierTi qaliSvi-li iviwyebs sakuTar Rirsebas da amcirebs Tavis Tavs, is xdeba `TamaSis~ partniori `pleibois~ ukanaskneli modis mixedviT. es ar niSnavs, rom TiToeuli qaliSvili, romelic ugulebelyofs cniuTis umaRles principebs, Segnebulad xdeba aRniSnuli TamaSis partniori. umetes SemTx-vevaSi mas, albaT, ara aqvs warmodgena am prin-cipebis Sesaxeb, ramdenadac misi Sexedulebani arsebuli garemos nayofia. mravali qaliSvili risks eweva da saSiSroebis qveS ayenebs Tavis si-wmindes, reputacias da Rirsebas, emorCileba ra impulsuri axalgazrda adamianebis daJinebul da upasuxismgeblo moTxovnebs. misi cnebebi ojaxis, saxlis da momavlis Sesaxeb sruliad moumwifebelia. xSirad igi iviwyebs mas, rogorc ki warmatebas miaRwevs. iSviaTad vxvdebiT mamak-acs, romelic flobs pasuxismgeblobis grZno-bas da Rirsebas.

`pleiboi~ amarTlebs ra Jurnalis zneobriv filosofias, ambobs, rom cxovrebis mizani md-gomareobs garTobasa da siamovnebaSi. misi az-riT, zneobrivi safuZveli, pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba, – yovelive es `moZvelebuli~ ide-alebia. sinamdvileSi axali morali, romelsac `pleiboi~ qadagebs, ar warmoadgens araviTar ax-als. rogori uaxlesi ideologiuri samosiTac ar unda mogvevlinos es Jurnali, misi morali ar gansxvavdeba Zveli romis znedacemulobis da warmarTuli taZris garyvnilebisgan, romelTa winaaRmdeg gamodiodnen bibliuri periodis wi-naswarmetyvelni. seqsi gacilebiT ufro rTuli da mniSvnelovani movlenaa.

aseTi Sexduleba qalisa da seqsis Sesaxeb ewi-naaRmdegeba Toris pozicias. Tora, seqsSi xe-davs mudmivi saqmiani kavSiris sar safuZvels, raSic colsa da qmars gaaCniaT ufleba da mova-leoba.

(gagrZeleba iqneba)


18-20 maiss baTumis saxelmwifo universitet-Si Catarda meore saerTaSoriso simpoziumi leqsikologiaSi, romelSic monawileobdnen is-raeli mecnierebi, Cveni Temis sasaxelo warmo-madgenlebi: ieruSalaimis ebrauli universite-tis profesori kote (konstantine) lerneri da arielis universitetis profesori, kavkasiisa da centraluri aziis ebrauli Temebis sakv-levi institutis xelmZRvaneli reuven enoxi. es ukanaskneli sityviT gamovida konferenciis

sazeimo gaxsnaze da xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom TviTonac da profesori lerneric Zal-Rones ar iSureben israelisa da saqarTvelos universitetTa Soris ar-sebuli kavSiris gaZlierebisa da qarTvelTa da ebraelTa mravalsaukunovani urTierTobis SeswavlisaTvis.

konferenciaze orive mecnieris mier wardgenilma moxsenebebma didi in-teresi gamoiwvia.

reuven enoxma waikiTxa moxseneba qarTvel ebraelTa leqsikis komponen-tebis Taobaze da gamoyo am leqsikis Semadgeneli nawilebi: saerTo qarTuli leqsika, dialeqturi leqsika, ivriTidan (da arameulidan) Semosuli sityvebi, Zveli qarTulidan SenarCunebuli leqsikuri erTeulebi da sxva. moxsenebis Semdeg gaimarTa azrTa gacvla-gamocvla da xazi gaesva qarTvel ebraelTa metyvelebis Seswavlis waruval mniSvnelobas qarTuli enis istoriisa da di-aleqtologiis kvlevisaTvis.

kote lerneris moxsenebis Tema iyo axloaRmosavluri warmoSobis leqsika qarTulSi. man aRniSna, rom Zveli aRmosavleTis enebidan: asurulidan, arameu-lidan, ebraulidan Semosuli sityvebi Rrmad aris Caqsovili qarTuli enis wiaRSi da nasesxobad arc ki aRiqmeba. erT-erTma, magaliTad momxsenebelma warmoadgina qarTuli sityva èzo~, romelic ebrauli èzor~-idan unda modi-odes.

baTumis leqsikologiuri simpoziumis gamarTva ukve tradiciad mkvidrde-ba da imedia, israeli mecnierebi kvlavac iqnebian amgvar SekrebaTa aqtiuri monawileni.

Aapril-maisSi Catarda V sa-erTaSoriso festivali ,,aR-dgomidan amaRlebamde~. igi daiwyo 18 Tebervals Tbilis-Si, gamoiara stefanwminda, martvili, quTaisi da 24 maiss daixura baTumSi ioseb (soso) bardanaSvilis saavtoro kon-certiT. baTumi ioseb bardan-aSvilis mSobliuri qalaqia, amitom, bunebrivia, rom mra-valwliani ganSorebis Semdeg gansakuTrebuli mRelvarebiT Cavida SavizRvispireTis am mS-venier savaneSi, Tumca, manamde quTaisSi gamarTa koncerti.

baTumis xelovnebisa da musi-kis centrSi festivalis dax-urvisas Sesrulda ioseb bardanaSvilis,,fsalmuni123~, ,,perpetummobile~, ,,metamorfoza~, ,,fantazia,~ ,,wer-tilebi~, ,,simRera saqarTveloze,~ ,,fsalmuni ,,sanTeli~, aleluia~, ,,wyvili,~ ,,RvTis Svilebi~. es iyo nawarmoe-bebi Sereuli gundisaTvis~ oTxi xelisaTvis, klarnetis, fortepianosa da simebiani seqtetisaTvis. Aase rom i. bar-danaSvilis repertuari ara mxolod Tematuri, Janruli mravalferovnebiTac xasiaTdeboda.

ioseb bardanaSvili baTumis sapatio moqalaqed airCies.

Zlierdeba qarTvel ebrael mecnierTa da xelovanTa CarTuloba saqarTvelos samecniero-SemoqmedebiT cxovrebaSi

_ batono firuz, ra etapzea sinagogaSi mimdinare saremonto samuSaoebi?

_ saremonto samuSaoebi meore sarTulze mTlianad morCa garkveuli xarvezebi aris, romelnic procesis dasrulebamde gamos-wordeba. albaT 1-15 agvistosTvis remontebi dasruldeba da roS-haSanas dResaswauls ax-algaremontebul salocavSi vizeimebT.

_ ra problemebi aqvs Tbilisis beiT qne-seTs?

_ xalxi dawynarebulia da yvelas survi-li aqvs SeZlebisdagvarad mxarSi dagvidgnen. me Tu ar var mmarTvelobis ori wevri yov-elTvis aq aris da nebismier sakiTxze Seu-ZliaT pasuxis gacema. aTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi daxmareba aravisgan migviRia, mxolod sami pirovnebaa, romelTac Semowirulobebi Se-moaqvT da maT Zalian didi madlobas vuxdi. kezeraSvilebis ojaxma macis SeZenisas kri-tikuli mdgomareobidan gamogviyvana. nisan usufovma saxelfaso davalianebebi SeZlebi-sdagvarad SemowirulobiT gamogviswora. aseve ilia mosiaSvilis, romelmac finansuri mdgomareoba kritikul situaciaSi gamogvis-

wora. SarSan oqtomberSi iseTi Semosavali iyo, rom ianvris bolomde gveyo, es maSin rodesac 5800 mxolod xelfasebSi ixarjeba. Semdeg gagviWirda. axla turistebis nakadi Zalian didia, rac Semosavals pirdapirpro-porciulad zrdis. Cven aRricxvas vatarebT, Tu romeli qveynidan ramdeni kaci Semodis. cota xnis winaT axali zelandiidan iyvnen Camosulebi, es marTla gasakviria, rodesac sinagoga da sefer Torebi naxes gaocdnen. evropis yvela qveynidan Camodian. sagrZno-blad imata turistebis nakadma yoveldRe 100 kacamde modis. minda gareT davdga gamWvir-vale yuTi, sadac xalxi Semowirulobis ga-keTebas SeZlebs. Tumca SarSandel Sesabamis periodTan SedarebiT studentebis nakadma moimata, Tumca Semowirulobis raodenoba Semcirebulia. es yvelaferi fiqsirdeba. arian adamianebi, romelnic sinagogis dasax-mareblad saxsrebs ar daiSureben. axla dam-palos Robis restavraciac mimdinareobs da saqarTveloSi darCenilma yovelma ebraelma am did saqmeSi Tavisi wvlili unda Seitanos SeZlebisdagvarad am saqmeSi Cvenc gavuwevT daxmarebas, radgan es ara marto sinagogis, aramed mTeli ebrauli sazogadoebis saqmea. saqarTveloSi daaxloebiT 700 ebrauli ojaxi darCa, Zalain cotani varT. erTmaneTs unda davexmaroT da gaWirvebaSi mxarSi amovudgeT. axla axalcixis sinagogis SekeTebac daiwyo, romelic mTel saqarTveloSi yvelaze Zveli sinagogaa. rodesac gavigeb Tu vin aris misi restavraciis damfinansebeli, aucileblad vTxov, rom saqarTveloSi yvelaze Zneli awy-uris sasaflaos SekeTebac daafinansos.

rodesac mZime mdgomareoba iyo es xalxi gverdiT dagvidga. me Tu viRacas raRacas vTxov es iqneba locvisTvis da jamaaTisT-vis. RmerTma gaumarjos daviT iakobaSvils, romelmac amxela Tanxa gaiRo, salocavis gasaremonteblad, aseve garemontda orTaWa-lis sasaflao. didi samuSaoebi tardeba. esec erTgvari daxmarebaa. salocavi ukve asi wlis aris da yvelaferi moZvelebuli iyo. Cven

stils yvelanairad vinarCunebT, ubralod xarisxs vaumjobesebT. anjamebis stilic ki SevinarCuneT. Cven amis saxsrebi albaT ara-sodes gveqneboda. erT-erTi problematuri sakiTxi iyo macis droulad Semotana, magram garkveuli mizezebis gamo dagvagvianda da mxolod fesaxis Semosvlamde ori dRiT adre moxda realizacia. mTeli produqti, rom yo-filiyo realizebuli finansuri mdgomareoba gamogviswordeboda. ramdeni dRis winaT is-raelidan saqarTveloSi rabinebis delegacia imyofeboda. salocavTan dakavSirebiT maT sxva informacia hqondaT, TiTqos aq uTanx-moeba da cudi situacia iyo, magram ori dRe aq iloces da sul sxva suraTi daxvdaT.

Cvens salocavSi bevri adamiani moRvaweobs, kargi iqneba maT Sesaxeb Tqvens gazeTSi daiwe-ros da xalxma maT Sesaxeb gaigos. magaliTad daviT azizovi, romelic yvelafers pirnaT-lad asrulebs. SarSan salocavSi raxamim mor-doxaSvili movida da maSinve Zveli Torebis gadarCeva daiwyo, ori kvira igi da daTo am saqmes akeTebdnen. Turme Torebis gafuWebaze didi codva araferia. maTi nawili davmarxeT da nawili restavraciisTvis moamzades. beso xaxiaSvili, romelic axalgazrda biWia, ma-gram ukve Tavadac SeuZlia locvebis kiTxva. mixo xananaSvili, romelic jamaaTs, mTel saqarTveloSi qaSeri xorciT amadlianebs. sa-nam locvaSi aseTi adamianebi arseboben suli-eri gasaWiri ar iqneba.

kidev erTxel did madlobas vuxdi saqa-rTveloSi mcxovreb yvela ebraels, raTa gamoiCinon gulisxmiereba, gverdSi daudgnen Tbilisis did sinagogas da xma miawvdinon Ta-vis axloblebs sazRvargareT, raTa maTac mi-iRon aqtiuri monawileoba, rogorc jamaaTis keTildReobisaTvis, sinagogis SesanarCune-blad da Cveni winaprebis gansasveneblis adgi-lis reabilitaciaSi.

_ didi madloba saubrisTvis.

esaubra nino SavaZe

gvesaubreba Tbilisis beiT qneseTis gabai firuz koCobaSviliCveni beiT qneseTis yoveldRiuroba


ras vkiTxulobT

am kviraSi?

rubrikas uZRvebamTavari rabinis m.S.abimelex rozenblati

b

a

l

a

k

i

ra misia hqonda dakisrebuli bilyams? ram-bami Tvlis, rom am misiis daniSnuleba iseTive iyo, rogoric yesavis angelozisa iayakovTan misi brZolisas. gamCens surda, rom israels araebraeli winaswarmetyvelis bageTagan mie-Ro kurTxeva. ibn yezra ki Tvlis, rom aravi-Tari Zala ar hqonda arc mis wyevlas da arc mis kurTxevas.B bilyami ubralod varskvlavT-mricxveli iyo da icoda adamianTa `mazali~ (bed-iRbali). roca xedavda, rom romelime adamians cudi `mazali~ hqonda, swored mas sw-yevlida. ibn yezra Tvlida, rom bilami matyu-ara iyo da mas ar SeeZlo ebraelebis dawyevla. amis gakeTeba bilyams imitomac ar SeeZlo, rom ebraelebs hqondaT `mazal tov~-i (kar-gi bed-iRbali), da saerTodac, Cven yvelani bed-iRbalze maRla vdgavarT. magram gamCenma icoda, rom ebraelebi Sescodavdnen kerpis

baal peoris meSveobiT da ar surda, rom sxva xalxebs amis mizezad bilyamis wyevla daesax-elebinaT, rom misi wyevlis Sedegad Cndeba Wiris epidemia (magefa). swored amitom ar sur-da gamCens, rom bilyams daewyevla ebraelebi. abarbaneli Tvlida, rom Tu araebraeli winas-warmetyveli akurTxebda, dalocavda ebrae-lebs, es sxva xalxebs daaSinebda da amiT ufro gaadvildeboda maTi dapyroba. magram bal-aks egona, rom bilami jadoqari iyo da gasam-rjelos miRebis Semdeg SeZlebda ebraelTa dawyevlas. bilyams ki ebraelTa dawyevla balakze metad surda, radganac sZulda isini.

ratom daiwyo laparaki saxedarma? rambamis azriT, es winaswarmetyveluri xilva iyo, sforno ki Tvlis, rom es moxda bilyamis `Te-Subaze~ mosayvanad. rabeinu baxei sTvlis, rom es saWiro iyo bilyamis dasamcireblad, raTa eCvenebinaT, rom saxedaric ki ar ujerebs mas.

ratom ar gauSva gamCenma bilyami Tavidan ebraelTa dasawyevlad? Semdeg ratomRa dar-To neba? rambamis mixedviT pirvelad mas wasv-la ki ar aukrZala gamCenma, aramed – dawyevla. amasTan, aris aseTi wesi, roca adamians surs raime gziT siaruli, mas ki ar uSlian, piriqiT, am gzaze siarulSi exmarebian. raSis mixedviT, roca gamCeni bilams eubneba `Tu Sens dasaZa-xeblad, ànu Sens sakeTildReod~, movida es xalxi, wadi~, bilyami unda mimxvdariyo, rom gamCens ar surda misi wasvla. amisaTvis gag-zavnes angelozi xmliT, romelic gzaze ga-daeRoba mas. magram bilyamma iseTi saxe miiRo, TiTqos ver mixvda. swored amis gamo gaugza-vna mas gamCenma risxva - àf haSem~ (gamCenis risxva). Aaqedan ki brZenebma (kurTxeulia maTi xsovna) daaskvnes, rom àdamiani im gziT day-avT, romelzedac mas surs siaruli~. swored amitom gamCenma Tavidan SeaCera bilyami - àr waxvide~, xolo Semdeg uTxra - `wadi~ da mx-olod amis Semdeg `...ganrisxda gamCeni~. aqe-dan unda mivxvdeT, rom gamCenis Tanxmoba niS-navs Tanxmobas imaze, rom bilyams àrCevanis

Tavisufleba~ (bxiraTo nafSiT) aqvs.

bilyami oTxjer akurTxebs ebraelebs:

„ai (hine), xalxi, martoobaSi cxovrobs, da xalxTa Soris ar iTvleba“, – ibn yezras mixed-viT, es xalxi axlac da mudmivad martoobaSi iqneba.Yyvela sxva xalxi Seereva erTmaneTs, Seicvlian kanonebs, da Tu ebraeli xalxi iqneba erTaderTi, vinc Toris kanonebs uerT-gulebs, maSin veravin ajobebs maT. rambami da abarbaneli xazs usvamen, rom erebi icvlian religiebs da erTaderTi eri, romlisTvisac erTia erovneba da religia – ebraelebi arian. sityvaSi `hine~ Sedis ori aso (ebrauli damw-erlobis mixedviT) – ̀ hei~ da ̀ nuni~, romlebic ar uwyvildebian arc erT asos (heis gematria - ricxobrivi mniSvneloba - aris 5. Tu daviTv-liT cxramde, ricxvi xuTi ar uwyvildeba arc erT ricxvs – mag. 1 uwyvildeba 9-s, 2 – 8-s da a. S. asevea `nuni~, romlis gematria aris 50, oTx-mocdacxrametamde daTvlisas aseve yvela ricxvi wyvildeba, garda 50-isa. mag. 1 da 99; 2 da 98 da a. S.).

meore kurTxeva aris dapireba, rom gamCeni ar gadauxvevs sityvidan `misces israelis miwa ebraelebs~.

`ra mSvenieria Seni karvebi, iayakov~ – (`ma tovu ohalexa iayakov~). rambamis mixedviT, udabnoSi karvebi ebraelTa sacxovrebelia. brZenTa (kurTxeulia maTi xsovna) mixedviT, karvebSi Sesasvlelebi erTmaneTis pirdapir araa ganTavsebuli, raTa ebraelebma erTma-neTs ar uTvalTvalon. arizalis mixedviT es Toris karvebia da `yemek davaris~ mixedviT vswavlobT, rom es aris sazogadoebrivi da Toris brZenebis Sekrebebi.

meoTxe kurTxevaSi bilyami axerxebs moa-belebisaTvis rCevis micemas imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor Seaviwrovon ebraelebi. masSi aseve Ca-debulia winaswarmetyveleba maSiaxis Sesaxeb.

cota xnis winaT TbilisSi saqmiani vizitiT qneseTis depu-tati qalbatonebi _ faina kirSenbaumi da oriT zuareci imy-ofebodnen. isini saqarTvelos parlamentis warmomadgenlebs Sexvdnen da Cveni qveyniT moxiblulni darCnen. `menoras~ ko-respondenti maT ebraul saxlSi Sexvda da ramdenime SekiTx-vac dausva.

_ ra aris saqarTveloSi Tqveni Camosvlis mizani?faina kirSenbaumi: Cveni Camosvlis mizani israelsa da saqa-

rTvelos Soris rig sakiTxebSi urTierTobebis kidev ufro gaRrmavebaa, amitom vxvdebiT ara marto parlamentis warmo-madgenlebs, aramed saqarTvelos ebraul Tems, sazogadoebriv organizaciebs. saqarTvelos ebrauli Temi SeiZleba is xidi iyos, romelic kidev ufro gaamyarebs urTierTobas or qveya-nas Soris. viciT, rom israelSi saqarTvelodan bevri turisti Camodis, qarTveli specialistebi Cvens qveyanas kvalifika-ciis amaRlebis mizniTac stumroben, radgan CvenTan aris didi gamocdileba maRal teqnologiebSi, ganviTarebulia soflis meurneoba. Cven aq veZebT im Temas, sferos, romlis ganviTare-bac or qveyanas Soris urTierTobiT iqneba SesaZlebeli.

_ rogor mogewonaT saqarTvelo?oriT zuareci: saqarTveloSi pirvelad var. dRes ramden-

ime Sexvedra gvqonda. vxedavT, rom qalaqi swrafi tempiT vi-Tardeba. xalxi Zalian keTilganwyobilia, Tbilad gvxvdebian da yvelgan gvepatiJebian, rac Zalian bevrs niSnavs. xalxs surs urTierToba da ganviTareba. aris is sferoebi, romelTa ganviTarebac Cven gvinda, magaliTad, ekonomika, medicina. is-raelelebisTvis saqarTvelo ucnobi qveyanaa, israelelTa umravlesobam ar icis, Tu ra lamazia es qveyana da ramdeni RirsSesaniSnaobebis naxva SeuZliaT aq. gvinda saqarTvelos Sesaxeb rac SeiZleba metma adamianma gaigos da am qveyana-Si Camovidnen. is xom aseTi lamazia. im xalxma, romlebsac aq ojaxebi da axloblebi hyavT saqarTvelos Sesaxeb ician, dan-arCenebma _ ara.

faina kirSenbaumi: Cven ar viciT, rogori iyo saqarTve-lo aqamde, magram vxedavT, rom qalaqi Sendeba, icvleba da lamazdeba. es aSkaraa. Zalian sufTaa da Zalian mogvwons. bev-ri simwvane da parkebia, mTlianobaSi Zalian myudro qalaqis STabeWdilebas tovebs. imedi gvaqvs am lamaz qveyanas kvlav vewveviT.

_ didi madloba saubrisTvis.

Tel-avivi-baTumi-Tel-avivi24 maiss baTumis aeroportSi daeSva TviTmfrinavi, romelmac 120 is-

raeleli turisti Camoiyvana. es iyo sazafxulo sezonis pirveli reisi Tel-avividan. sagulisxmoa, rom israelis moqalaqeebi saqarTveloSi vizis gareSe Semodian, radgan xelisuflebam calmxrivad gaauqma viza.

sakurorto sezonisas Carteruli frenis Taobaze xelSekruleba Sar-San gaformda saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis ministris vera qo-balias ZalisxmeviT.

Tel-avivisa da baTums Soris Carteruli reisebi kviraSi erTxel oqtom-bris bolomde Sesruldeba.

msofliosgavleniani ebraelebi

gazeTma ,,jeruzalem postma~-ma gamoaqveyna msoflios yvelaze gavleniani ebraelebis sia. siis saTaveSi moeqca israelis premier-ministri biniamin neTaniahu – man moaxerxa qneseTis 120 deputatidan 94 Tavis koaliciaSi mo-eqcia da faqtiurad opozicia ar hyavs.

meore adgilzea jek lu, romelmac axlaxan TeTri saxlis kancelariis meTauris posti daikava.

mexuTe adgilzea `Facebook~-is Semqmneli mark cukerbergi (amas winaT cukerbergi araebrael qalze daqorwinda da religiuri pirni qorwinebis gaauqmebas urCeven).

am 50-kacian siaSi israelidan Sevidnen: prezidenti Simon peresi, genSta-bis ufrosi general-leitenanti beni ganeli, `kadimas~ lideri Saul mo-fazi, opoziciis axali lideri, partia àvoda~-s Tavmjdomare Seli iaxi-moviCi.

yvelaze gavlenian ebraelTa Soris arian amerikeli msaxiobi noa TiSbi, saSa baronma – `diqtatoris~ Semqmnelma _ me-13 adgili daikava.

israelis parlamentarebi TbilisSiisraelis

ambebi

8 m e n o r a ivnisi (sivani) №9, 2012 w.ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia

q. Tbilisis mTawmindis

raionis sasamarTlos

mier.

registraciis # 4/1-921

damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:

guram baTiaSvili, kote abaSiZe

Tbilisi, leoniZis 11a, vaxtang VI q. #30

telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57

gazeT `menoras~ redaqcia

TanagrZnobas ucxadebs aSdodis municipalitetis

wevrs moSe boTeraSvils

dedis

gardacvalebis gamo

manana jinjixaSvili qu Tais-Si daibada. aq daamTavra saSualo skola, musikaluri saswavlebeli, Semdeg quTai-sis saxelmwifo pedagogi-uri in stituti (amJamad akaki we reTlis saxelmwifo uni-versiteti) qarTuli enisa da literaturis specialobiT; muSaobda musikis maswavleblad, Jurnalistad, lado mesxiSvilis saxelobis quTaisis akademiur TeatrSi saliteraturo nawilis gamged. amJamad cxovrobs niu-iorkSi ojaxTan erTad.

rodesac manana jinjixaS-vilze daviwye wera, moulod-nelad aRmovaCine, rom Cveni megobrobis ufro xangrZlivi nawili ukve amerikul peri-odze, mis emigrantul cxovre-basa da Cvens satelefono Tu epistolarul urTierTo-baze modis, ufro naklebi ki saqarTvelos studentobisa da megobrobis im wlebze, roca yoveldRe, an TiTqmis yovel-dRe vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs. mas Semdeg bevrma welma gan-vlo, rTulma da winaaRmde-gobebiT aRsavse mTelma epo-qam. saukune Seicvala, rogorc pirdapiri ise gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT. mananam ufro mSvidi, Tumca ukve afori-aqebuli saqarTvelo datova, romelic jer kidev sabWoTa kavSiris sivrceSi imyofeboda. igi Cvenze utyuarad grZnobda, ukeTesad xedavda im safrTxes, Cven rom jiutad ar vusworeb-diT Tvals. ar gveSinoda, rad-gan horizontze saqarTvelos damoukidebloba Canda. ase iyo cxra aprilis wina dReebSi. manana rekavda, swuxda, hqonda didi saSiSroebis molodini. maxsovs misi fraza: òRondac axla gadarCeT,~ rac maSin gaz-viadebuli meCvena.

amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi wasvlisas mananas guli wydeboda, rom aq toveb-da sayvarel saqmes, Tumca arc iq uZebnia axali profesia. samagierod Tavisi cnobiere-biT erTi wuTiTac ar daSore-

bia saqarTvelos. CemTvis dRes Znelia mananas vaSingtonSi àmerikis xmis~ qarTul redaq-ciaSi saqmianobis Sefaseba, magram, albaT, es periodi mis cxovrebaSi umniSvnelovanesi iyo. axal realobasTan Segueba, gansxvavebul ekonomikur da politikur sistemaSi, Tanac maRalkonkurentul garemoSi adaptireba, inglisuri enis kargad daufleba _ erTbaS-ad ramdenime fsiqologiuri barieris gadalaxva, bunebriv-ia, ioli ar iqneboda.

manana wlebis ganmavlobaSi iyo gaeroSi àmerikis xmis~ akreditebuli Jurnalisti. iyo avtori mravali sain-tereso da saWirboroto reportaJisa. mis mier lit-eraturisa Tu xelovnebis sxva sferoebSi momzadebuli gad-acemebi ki yovelTvis gamoir-Ceoda siRrmiT, mravali plan-iT, rac sxvadasxva rakursSi aCvenebda im procesebs ameri-kis kulturul cxovrebaSi rom mimdinareobda. igi swored am sivrceSi qmnida Semoqmedi qarTvelebis portretebs da ufro TvalsaCinos xdida CvenTvis maTs warmatebebs. vfiqrob, manana jinjixaSvilis programebi gamorCeul xibls, individualur xelweras ani-Webda amerikis xmis qarTul gadacemebs.

saqarTvelos saxelmwi-foebrivma damoukideblobam Zalze saamayo realoba moita-na. amerikis universitetebis (kolumbiis, indianas...) stu-dentebs (da ara marto maT) SesaZlebloba aqvT ucxo enad qarTuli airCion. manana maT aswavlis. bevri maTgani imyo-feboda kidec saqarTveloSi. TiToeulma, bunebrivia, aq Tavisi qarTuli enis maswav-leblis sulis nawili gamoi-yola, misi TvaliT Sexeda Cvens qveyanas, me vici, ra rudunebiT ekideba igi am mniSvnelovan saqmes, ra did pasuxismge-blobasTan, rTul SromasTan aris dakavSirebuli es yove-

live. mza meTodika sakmaod mwiria, sakuTari gamocdileba ki wlebs moaqvs da igi mananas ukve sakmaod daugrovda. man SeZlo garedan Seexeda qarTu-li enisaTvis. sxvaTaTvis eswavlebina ara mxolod gra-matikuli kategoriebi, aramed ena, rogorc eris sulieri samyaros gamanivTebeli. axla manana fiqrobs (zrunavs kidec) Seqmnas da saqarTvelo-Si gadaiRos qarTuli enis videokursi, romelSic Tavs moiyris qarTvelebis saubrebi ojaxSi, sazogadoebaSi, quCa-Si, sufrasTan, Caiweros bune-brivi dialogebi kargi qarTu-liT molaparake adamianebTan erTad, rasac, eWvi ar mepareba, aucileblad ganaxorcielebs, Tu sponsori moiZebna, albaT, ufro malec.

manana jinjixaSvili, rogorc mwerali jemal qiria ambobs masze, kargi ebraeli da kargi qarTvelia. igi qarTul saqmes akeTebs. profesionali filologia. misi pedagogi-uri saqmianoba, samwuxarod, ufro metad sxvaTa arCevan-zea damokidebuli, vidre mis aqtivobaze. sakmaod moSore-biT Cevngan man SeZlo Tavisi qarTuli samyaro Seeqmna. axla rusulenovan radioSi gaaCi-na qarTuli niSa. aq mihyavs qarTuli gadacemebi, rasac usasyidlod akeTebs.

aqac gulRia maspinZeli da sxvaTa gulSematkivari amer-ikaSic aseve agrZelebs cxovre-bas. misi saxlis kari mudam Riaa stumrebisaTvis, mudam mzad aris daxmarebisTvis.

TiTqmis 18 welia, rac manana jinjixaSvili wavida quTaisidan, magram erTi dRi-Tac ar daSorebia qarTul sityvas, qarTvel megobrebs, qarTul mwerlobas da xelov-nebas, qveyanas, sadac dai-bada, gaizarda, Camoyalibda rogorc pirovneba, romelT-anac uamravi kargi mogoneba da tkivilic akavSirebs da rom-lis didi qomagicaa.

qarTuli saqmis sakeTeblad amerikaSi

rCeuli leqsebiisraelSi gamoica

io seb krixelis rCeu-

li leqsebis krebuli

`saqarTvelos israelidan

siyvaruliT~. krebulSi

Sesulia 75 wlis ioseb

krixelis mier Seqmnili

leqsebi. es krebuli iwye-

ba leqsiT `sadRegrZelo.~

wigni gamoica ̀ amuTa efSar

axereT~-2000 daxmarebiT.

wignis winasityvaobis

avtoria mira wiwuaSvili.

wigns win uZRvis avto-

ris Sesavali werili.

me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos

vsvam im SegrZnebiT,

rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.

saqarTvelos ebraelobis fotoistoria

onis 114 wlis beiT qneseTi

meuRle nana xubelaSvili, Svilebi: Wiko, Tamuna fiCxaZeebi, sidedri eTer mixelaSvili, ia, maia xubelaSvilebi, emzar eligulaSvili,

merab kobaxiZe iuwyebiandaTo fiCxaZisgardacvalebas.

robert, Tengiz, lera mixelaSvilebi, fima kacobaSvili, ciala, guram baTiaSvilebi iuwyebian

daTo fiCxaZisgardacvalebas da TanaugrZniben

gansvenebulis ojaxs,

ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia


raionis sasamarTlos

mier.


damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:



telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57




dedis

gardacvalebis gamo














li leqsebis krebuli













me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos


rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.








ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia


raionis sasamarTlos

mier.


damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:



telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57




dedis

gardacvalebis gamo














li leqsebis krebuli













me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos


rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.








ISSN 1987-8982 UAC 070 411.16m-557

299.90.96, 277.20.57

iranis ebraelebidRes iranSi daaxloebiT 25 aTasi ebraeli cxovrobs. 1979 wels ki maTi raodenoba

100 000 iyo. 1979 wels muslimuri revoluciis dros qveyana bevrma ebraelma datova. mTeli am wlebis ganmavlobaSi muslimuri reJimi ebraelebs sakmaod normalurad eq-

ceoda, Tu ar CavTvliT ramdenime antisemitur afeTqebas. 2000 wels iranSi ebraelebi-sagan Semdgari teroristuli dajgufeba àRmoaCines~. 13 nasamarTlevidan ramdenime SpionaJiTac iyo dakavebuli.

mejlisSi ebrauli nacionaluri umciresobis warmomadgenelic aris. igi tribunidan saubrobs, rom `Cven (iranis ebraelebi) yovelTvis Cveni qveynis mxares vidgebiT, visac ki ar unda eomebodes igi, da visTanac ar unda hqondes konfliqti~. dRes ebrauli saTe-moebis mdgomareoba sakmaod mZimea. aravin icis momavalSi ra da rogor iqneba. iranis sakiTxebSi specialistebis azriT, ebraelebs aranair SemTxvevaSi ar Seexebian. ìsini re-Jims sWirdeba, amitom yvelaferi kargad qneba~, _ aseTia erT-erTi mosazreba. sxva azric arsebobs: `Tu reJims problemebi Seeqmneba, damnaSaveebs _ ebraelebs ucbaT ipovian, yvelaferi Zalian martivia~.

asea Tu ise, TeiranTan Soriaxlo mdebare daniel winaswarmetyvelis saflavze, yovel-dRiurad asobiT adamiani loculobs. saflavi wmindaa rogorc ebraelebisTvis, aseve muslimebisTvis.

kiTxvaze, Tu ras iTxovdnen locvisas TiTqmis yvelam, rogorc ebraelebma aseve mus-limebma upasuxes, rom loculobdnen mSvidobisa da bednierebisaTvis, ityobineba ZMAN. com.

Sotlandiis ebraelebiSotlandiis ebrauli saTemos sabWos cnobiT, Sotlandieli

ebraelebi malaven TavianT religiur kuTvnilebasa da erovnebas, raTa Tavidan aicilon Tanamoqalaqeebis agresia. rac Seexeba Sot-landiaSi mcxovreb israelelebs, orazrovani situaciis Tavidan asaSoreblad isini sakuTar Tavs Turqebad an frangebad asaReben.

im usiamovnebebs Soris, romlebic SotlandiaSi ebraels xvdeba aris Semdegi: ebrauli saTemoebis sabWom nebadarTulad cno saavad-myofoSi yofnis dros qaSer sakvebze uaris Tqma da saskolo gundSi saSobao himnebis mRera. amas garda, israeleli bavSvebi xSirad cud damokidebulebas xvdebian rogorc Tanaklaselebis, iseve maswav-leblebis mxridan.

studentebi ki aRniSnaven, rom sauniversiteto qalaqebSi anti-israeluri ganwyoba Rvivdeba. ebrauli saTemoebis problema Sot-landielebis umravlesobas ar esmis, ucnaurobas ver xedaven imaSi, rom am saTemos warmomadgenlebi nel-nela israelSi an londonSi gadadian sacxovreblad.

sxvaTa Soris, Sotlandiis ebrauli saTemos wevrebs ar surT samSoblos datoveba. maTi Zalebi mimarTulia qaSeri sakvebis gavrcelebisaken, ebrauli ganaTlebis gaumjobesebisaken da glaz-gos farglebs gareT mcxovrebi ebraelebis socialuri daxmarebi-saken.

2012 wlis 1 maiss 72 wlis asakSi xanmokle avad-myofobis Semdeg israelSi gardaicvala maTemati-kis doqtori amiran ianeci.

amirani daibada q. TbilisSi 1940 wlis 6 aprils /ebrauli welTaRricxviT 5700 wlis 27 adar beTi/ tradiciul ebraul ojaxSi.

amiranma bavSvoba gaatara q. Tbilisis Zvel ubanSi _ salocavebis mdebare ubanSi, yofili azi-ras quCaze. 1947 wels swavla daiwyo q. Tbilisis me-3 vaJTa rusul saSualo skolaSi.

misi Toris maswavleblebi iyvnen saqarTveloSi saxelganTqmuli rabi israel babalikaSvili da xax-am daviTi/cnobili `mwyeros~ saxeliT/.

maTematikis didi siyvaruli amirans skola-Sive Camouyalibda. amaSi didi wvlili miuZRvis mis maswavlebels, nikoloz TavdgiriZes. maTema-tikisadmi interesis mniSvnelovnad gaZlierebas xeli Seuwyo q. Tbilisis pionerTa da moswavleTa sasaxleSi maTematikis wreSi siarulma, romelsac xelmZRvanelobda damsaxurebuli maswavlebeli, imdroindeli q. Tbilisis puSkinis saxelobis /Sem-dgomSi sulxan-saba orbelianis/ institutis do-centi grigol jafariZe da moswavleTa maTemati-kur olimpiadebSi warmatebulma monawileobam.

skolis damTavrebis Semdeg swavla ganagrZo Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis meqanika-maTematikis fakultetze, sadac moRvaweobdnen msoflioSi saxelganTqmuli qarTuli maTemati-kuri skolis warmomadgenlebi.

amirani, xSirad aRniSnavda, rom Tbilisis sax-elmwifo universitetis maTematikis fakulte-tisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli iyo swavlebis metad maRali done. is didi siamovnebiT ixsenebda im sain-tereso da mimzidvel leqciebs, romlebsac kiTxu-lobdnen profesorebi arCil xaraZe, vladimer WeliZe, daviT kveselava, levan maRnaraZe, ioTam /bibi/ qarcivaZe da sxv.

mesame kursidan amiranma airCia gamoTvliTi

megobris xsovnasmaTematikis mimarTuleba, romelsac Tbilisis universitetSi saTaveSi edga cnobili mecnieri, akademikosi Salva miqelaZe.

amiranis sadiplomo naSromis xelmZRvaneli iyo profesori i. qarcivaZe, xolo sadiplomo dacvis saxelmwifo komisiis Tavmjdomare, akademikosi niko musxeliSvili.

sadiplomo namuSevarma daimsaxura `friadi~ da amirani akademikos S. miqelaZis rekomendaciiT ga-moTvliTi maTematikis kaTedraze iqna miRebuli samuSaod.

1965 wlidan amiranma mecnier muSakad muSao-ba gaagrZela Tbilisis saxelmwifo universite-tis akademikos i. vekuas saxelobis gamoyenebiTi maTematikis institutis inJinruli da fizikuri amocanebis ganyofilebaSi, romelsac xelmZRvan-elobda saxelovani pirovneba da cnobili mecn-ieri, aleqsandre /iaSa/ xvolesi. aq misi ZiriTadi samecniero Tematika iyo im xanad mniSvnelovnad aqtualuri maRlivi TaRovani kaSxlebis simtkicis gaangariSebisaTvis variaciuli meTodebis gam-oyeneba, romelsac xelmZRvanelobdnen cnobili mecnierebi, profesori konstantine xuberiani da aleqsandre xvolesi.

1973 wels amiranma praqtikulad damTavrebuli sadisertacio naSromi daucvelad miatova da ax-alSeuRlebul inJiner avrora xazan-fiCxaZesTan erTad israelSi amovida, sadac mas male SeeZina vaJi daviTi da mSvenieri qaliSvili rivka-rozeta.

israelSi, olexadaSisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli erTwliani gzis gakafvis Semdeg, amiranma dai-wyo muSaoba israelis meteorologiis samsaxurSi /institutSi/, sadac ganvlo gza maTematikos-pro-gramistidan ganaxlebadi energiis ganyofilebis gamgemde.

dasawyisSi, misi kvlevis sfero iyo israelisaT-vis aqtualuri Rrublebis fizikis amocanebis ricxviTi realizacia da miRebuli Sedegebis gamo-yeneba israelis pirobebisaTvis. es Tematika srul-deboda aseve saqarTvelodan amosul fizikosebT-an, doqtorebTan Salva wiwuaSvilsa /jgufis xelmZRvaneli/ da isak enuqaSvilTan erTad.

1980 wlidan misi samecniero interesebi mimar-Tuli iqna israelisaTvis gansakuTrebiT aqtua-luri Tematikisaken _ mzis energiis gamoyeneba. amirani aqtiurad muSaobda am Tematikasa da masTan axlomdebare sakiTebSi, rogoric aris gamoyenebi-Ti klimatologia, mzis energia, statistikuri meTodebi meteorologiasa da klimatologiaSi, klimatis Secvla, statistikuri klimatologiis modelebis Seqmna, mzis energiis gamoyenebis opti-mizaciis problemebi da sxv.

am TematikaSi amirani yovelwliurad aqveynebda samecniero Sromebs israelisa da msoflios cno-bil samecniero JurnalebSi da monawileobda is-raelis da msoflio samecniero konferenciebSi. igi aris 50-mde samecniero naSromis avtori. naS-romisaTvis `radiaciuli reJimis modelebi ara-horizontalur sibrtyeebze /ferdobebze/da maTi gamoyeneba israelis klimatur pirobebSi~ mieniWa sadoqtoro xarisxi.

samecniero moRvaweobasTan erTad, doqtori amiran ianeci wlebis ganmavlobaSi eweoda peda-gogiur moRvaweobas israelis bar-ilanis uni-versitetSi. igi ar ifargleboda marto samec-niero-pedagogiuri saqmianobiT da eweoda farTo sazogadoebriv moRvaweobasac.

amirani arCeuli iyo israelis meteorologiuri sazogadoebis swavlul mdivnad. 1992 wlidan pen-siaze gasvlamde irCevdnen /yovel or weliwadSi erTxel/ meteorologiuri samsaxuris umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone pirebis /akademaimebis/ da in-Jinrebis komitetis /vaadis/ Tavmjdomared. nayo-fier muSaobas eweoda piradad nacnobi, Tu ucnobi olexadaSi /israelSi axalamosulebis/ zusti mec-nierebis warmomadgenlebis da inJinrebis absorb-ciis gaadvilebis saqmeSi, gzaze dayenebasa da sam-saxurSi specialobiT mowyobaSi.

am wlebis ganmavlobaSi mas Rirseulad edgnen mxarSi misi ojaxis wevrebi _ meuRle _ avrora xazani, vaJiSvili, ieruSalaimis universitetis kursdamTavrebuli, gamoyenebiTi fizikis doqto-ri daviTi da bar-ilanis universitetis kursdam-Tavrebuli, doqtori gamoyenebiTi statistikis specialobiT mSvenieri qaliSvili _ rivka-roze-ta, siZe alon frenkeli. bolo wlebSi mas sicocx-les uxalisebdnen misi SviliSvilebi beni da ion-aTani.

igi metad erudirebuli da Rrmad ganaTlebuli adamiani, gonieri da utyuari megobari, metad yu-radRebiani pirovneba iyo. daakldeba ojaxs, na-Tesavebs, megobrebs, israelis sazogadoebas. ami-rani misi sacxovrebeli adgilis _ neve monasonis mlocvelTa sazogadoebis aqtiuri wevri iyo 35 welze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi. jamaaTis moTaveebma misi dakrZalvis xalxmraval ceremoniaze didi pa-tiviscemiT aRniSnes misi Rvawli adgilobrivi ja-maaTis cxovrebaSi.

amiran ianeci _ iehoSuay CaCanaSvili 2012 wlis 2 maiss _ 5772 wlis iaris 10-s didi pativiscemiT daikrZala wminda israelis iehudis sasaflaoze.

naTeli daadges mis xsovnas!megobarTa jgufi

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israelis sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgile ronen ploti ... · israelis sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgile ronen ploti miiCnevs, rom... dani aialoni: saqarTvelo da israeli bunebrivi