isnpc-2018.unjani.ac.idisnpc-2018.unjani.ac.id/eBoA ISNPC 2018.pdf · 12-13 September 2018, Holiday Inn Hotel, Bandung, Indonesia PREFACE Natural Products have been a source of drugs

12-13 September 2018, Holiday Inn Hotel, Bandung, Indonesia


International Seminar on Natural products Chemistry

(ISNPC) 2018

Program and Abstracts

12-13 September 2018

Holiday Inn Hotel Jalan Dr. Djundjunan

Bandung, Jawa Barat - Indonesia

Organized by

Department of Chemistry

Faculty of Sciences and Informatics Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (Unjani)

in cooperation with

Indonesian Society of Natural Products Chemistry

(HKBAI)


PREFACE

Natural Products have been a source of drugs since a long time ago, and have indicated its role in the drug discovery and development process. In particular, it has been successfully to be a source of drugs for cancer and infectious diseases. In recent decades, however, its role in drug discovery has fallen out, due to in favor to a high-throughput screening using combinatorial methodology. As a result, interests to conduct research in natural products had decreased to many pharmaceutical industries. However, in term of molecular structures, natural products still continue to provide a wide structural diversity, and therefore gives a great opportunity to find new bioactive compounds of low molecular weights. In regard to natural products, Indonesia is famous to be a home of high level diversity of plants and marine organisms in the world. Its potential as a source of bioactive compounds these resources have not been much exploited.

To address these issues, the Indonesian Society of Natural Products Chemistry (HKBAI), in association with Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (Unjani), as well as with Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Univesity of Padjadjaran (Unpad), Indonesia University of Education (UPI), Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University (UIN-SGD) and University of Garut (Uniga), will conduct an Internasional Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry 2018 (ISNPC-2018). The seminar will be held in Holiday Inn Hotel, Bandung, on 12-13 September 2018, with the theme is “Natural Products for Searching New Bioactive Compounds”. ISNPC-2018 provides a forum for natural product chemists to exchanging their ideas and research results on broad topics of natural products.

ISNPC-2018 invites researchers from academic institutions or industry to present their results on above areas as oral or poster presentation.

Bandung, 12 September 2018 Chairman of ISNPC 2018, Dr. Jasmansyah, M.Si


Contents

Welcoming Address by the Organizing Committee Opening remarks by Chairperson of Indonesian Society

of Natural Products Chemisty Opening remarks by Rector of Jenderal Achmad Yani

University Committees Schedule of the International Seminar on Natural

Products Chemistry (ISNPC) 2018

Room distribution for Oral Presentation Distribution for Poster Presentation Seminar Venue Map Abstracts of Invited Lecture Abstracts of Oral Presentation

Abstracts of Poster Presentation Sponsors Authors Index


Welcoming Address by the Organizing Committee

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Greetings for all of us Honorable Rector of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Distinguished invited speakers, participants, ladies and gentlemen, First of all, let us praise and thank the presence of Allah SWT, where we can gather here in the “International Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry 2018 (ISNPC-2018)”. This international seminar activity can be held by cooperation between Himpunan Kimia Bahan Alam Indonesia and Chemistry Department of UNJANI, ITB, UNPAD, UPI, UIN-SGD, UNIGA and IAI. The seminar which will be held in two days has a title "Natural Products for Searching New Bioactive Compounds". We hope this seminar can be used as a forum for researchers of organic chemistry in natural materials to interact with each other about the results of their researches in the framework of developing and utilizing chemistry and health sciences. This seminar will be attended by participants from various regions in the country and abroad with 10 main speakers from within and outside the country including Australia, Korea, Thailand and Malaysia. Thank you for the trust of Chairman of the HKBAI Center to place and provide the opportunity for the Chemical Department FSI Unjani to be the first organizer of the "International Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry 2018 (ISNPC-2018)" HKBAI which is regularly held every two years. On this occasion we would like to thank the invited speakers and participants for their participation in the "International Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry 2018 (ISNPC-2018)". We also thank you for the sponsors and fellow committee members who have helped and worked hard for the implementation of this seminar. As the end of this greeting, We apologize if there is a deficiency in organizing this seminar. Welcome to the seminar, hopefully this seminar can be useful and benefit all of us.


To the Rector of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, we beg to give a speech and officially open this international seminar. Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb. Bandung, 12 September 2018 Chairman of Comittee Dr. Jasmansyah, M.Si NID. 4121 149 64


Congratulatory Speech by the President of

the Indonesian Society of Natural Products Chemistry

Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh, Indonesia is a country that is blessed with a wealth of biodiversity, which is a reservoir for potential chemicals as drugs, agrochemical ingredients, or industrial raw materials. In addition, Indonesia, which is known for its tropical climate with high and humid temperatures coupled with the high intensity of the sun and the interaction of plants with insects, spurred these plants to produce potential natural substances. Therefore, optimization of the utilization of biological resources, especially tropical plants in Indonesia as a producer of useful chemicals is absolutely necessary. The Indonesian Society of Natural Products Chemistry (HKBAI), which was established in November 1999, is the first scientific association in Indonesia that specifically devotes its attention to the science of natural biological resources, who regularly and consistently hold scientific meetings annually in the form of a Symposium as a means to foster interaction and collaboration between scientists, industry, and public who have concern to development of natural chemical substances. Where in 2018, the symposium was held in collaboration between the Indonesian Society of Natural Products Chemistry and the Chemistry Department of UNJANI, ITB, UNPAD, UPI, UIN-SGD, UNIGA and IAI. This year's symposium is the first International Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry, and will be held regularly every 2 years. The themes for this year ISNPC 2018 is “Natural Products for Searching New Bioactive Compounds”. In connection with this theme, things like the discovery of pharmaceutical ingredients in the form of extracts or compounds that have the potential as medicinal ingredients, cosmetics or functional foods can be discussed in the implementation of this ISNPC-2018. The ISNPC-2018 activity invited 8 speakers who were experts in their respective fields, coming from various leading universities and research institutions in the world, including from Australia, Korea,


Japan, Malaysia and Indonesia. In addition, this time the ISNPC will also present 105 oral presentations and posters from participants from China, Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is our great hope that the ISNPC will be able to provide a positive influence on the development of natural materials science in Indonesia in particular, as well as the World in general. Furthermore, we will say to the supporting sponsors and fellow 2018 ISNPC committee members on this occasion. working hard so that this activity is carried out. Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb. Dr. Iqbal Musthapa, M.Si President of Indonesian Society of Natural Products Chemistry


Opening remarks by Rector of Universitas Jenderal

Achmad Yani

Greetings to our honorable speakers, participants, the organizing

committee, distinguished ladies and gentlemen, to the “International

Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry 2018 (ISNPC-2018”.

This international seminar program is to be the first of Himpunan

Kimia Bahan Alam Indonesia (HKBAI), Indonesian Society of Natural

Products program, which on this occasion is organized by Department

of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of

Jenderal Achmad Yani, and the ISNPC committee, in collaboration

with Department of Chemistry of ITB, Unpad, UPI, UIN-SGD, Uniga,

and IAI.

This two-day international seminar will have the subject of “Natural

Products for Searching New Bioactive Compounds”.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Change cannot happen if we only wait for the right people and the

right moment. We have to be the people that others wait for, we have

to be the change we seek.

The subject of “Natural Products for Searching New Bioactive

Compounds” is highly relevant to the challenges of globalization and

the difficult changes we have to face.

It is this spirit, that the University of Jenderal Achmad Yani must put

forward in becoming a university of excellence, national pride, and

environmental insight.

I am grateful for this event as this seminar has amassed more than

100 scientists who come from both inside and outside this country,

involving universities, research institutes and practitioners who will

present the results of their research.

Moreover, the “International Seminar on Natural Products Chemistry

2018” also has the honor of being attended by keynote speakers from


within the country, and outside the country, including Australia,

Korea, Japan, and Malaysia. Furthermore, it will allow for a network

of reciprocal collaboration between researchers and practitioners in

using the results of the research to harness and manage natural

resources in the era of globalization.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is an honor for UNJANI to host the first International Seminar on

Natural Products Chemistry (ISNPC), for this seminar is a means of

communication between the researchers and higher education of

Indonesia and those abroad, and for all Indonesian researchers to

create a scientific environment in the field of chemistry.

I would like to give my thanks to all our sponsors and the Department

of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of

Jenderal Achmad Yani as the ISNPC committee who have worked

optimally for the success of the International Seminar on Natural

Products Chemistry 2018.

Let us all hope that the seminar shall go smoothly in accordance to

our expectations together.

Before I conclude, I would like to convey one thing, that of my hopes

that this seminar will create a pattern of deeper and more

comprehensive cooperation between universities, research institutes,

as well as industries in applying the research brought about in this

seminar, which will be published in the Scopus-indexed international

journal.

In particular for UNJANI, as a university founded by members of the

Indonesian Army, we have high hopes of creating better cooperation

between the Indonesian Army as well as the Ministry of Defense in

contributing to the advancement of chemistry sciences, in

applications towards defense and security.

Thank you, and wish you all the success of this seminar.


Cimahi, 12 September 2018

Rector of Unjani

Witjaksono, M.Sc. NSS.

NID. 4121 899 59


Committees

Steering committee

Witjaksono, M.Sc. NSS. (Rector of Unjani)

Prof. Dr. drg. Rachman Ardan, MS., Sp.Pros. (Vice Rector I of

Unjani)

Febrianto Adinugroho, Ir., MM. (Vice Rector II of Unjani)

Toto Saputra, Ir, MM., Ph.D. (Vice Rector III of Unjani)

Hernandi Sujono, S.Si., M.Si. (Dean of Faculty of Sciences and

Informatics Unjani)

Rahmaniar Mulyani, S.Si., M.Si. (Head of Department of Chemistry

FSI Unjani)

Prof. Dr. Sjamsul Arifin Achmad (HKBAI)

Prof. Dr. Euis Holisotan Hakim (HKBAI)

Prof. Dr. Yana Maolana Syah (ITB))

Prof. Dr. Unang Supratman (Unpad)

Prof. Dr. Asep Kadarrohman (UPI)

Prof. Dr. Muljadji Agma (Unjani)

Prof. Dr. Afifah B. Sutjiatmo, M.S., Apt (Unjani)

Dr. Asep Supriadin, M.Si. (UIN Sunan Gunung Djati)

Dr. Iqbal Musthapa, M.Si. (President of HKBAI)

Scientific committee

Dr. Rani Maharani (Unpad)

Dr. Valentina Adimurti K. (Unjani)

Dr. Anceu Murniati (Unjani)

Dr. Siti Aisyah (UPI)

Dr. rer. nat. Didin Mujahidin (ITB)

Dr. Fera Kurniadewi (HKBAI)

Dr. Neneng Windayani Hadis (UIN Sunan Gunung Djati)

Aji Najihudin, M.Farm (Uniga)

Dr. Ashwajeet Garg (World Research Journal, India)


Organizing committee

Chairperson : Dr. Jasmansyah

Vice chairperson : Dr. Yenny Febrinani Yun

Secretary : Dr. Arie Hardian

Vice Secretary : Hanhan Dianhar, M.Si (HKBAI)

Treasurer : Sari Purbaya, M.Si.

Vice Treasurer : Dr. Elvira Hermawati (HKBAI)

Secretariat and exhibition : Dr. Lilis Siti Aisyah

Tarso Rudiana, M.Si. (UIN-Syarif

Hidayatullah)

Logistic, Transportation and

Documentation

: Sukrido, M.Si.

Senadi Budiman, M.Sc.

Eko Prabowo Hadisantoso, M.

P.Kim. (UIN-SGD)

Consumption : Dr. Trisna Yuliana, M.Si.

Dewi Meliati Agustini, M.Si.

Yusi Fudiesta, Dra.

Ayra Ulpiyana, M.Si.

Public Relation & Sponsorship : Rusvirman Muchtar, M.Sc.

Anggi Suprabawati, M.Si.

Abdi Wadud Safei, M.Si


Schedule of the International Seminar on Natural

products Chemistry (ISNPC) 2018

Wednesday, 12 September 2018

Time

07.30-08.20 Registration

08.20-09.00 Opening Ceremony

08.20-08.30 Chairperson of organizing committe

08.30-08.40 Chairperson of President of HKBAI

08.40-08.50 Rector of Universitas Jenderal Achmad

Yani (official opening)

08.50-09.00 Tari Topeng Performance

09.00-10.00 Plenary session 1 (Moderator: Dr. Muhammad Yusuf)

Prof. Brian Smith

10.00-10.30 Coffee Break

10.30-12.30 Plenary Session 2 (Moderator: Prof. Dr. Unang

Supratman)

10.30-11.30 dr. Ronny Lesmana, Ph.D.

11.30-12.30 Dr. Mohamad Nurul Azmi

12.30-13.30 Lunch

13.30-15.00 Plenary Session 3 and Exhibition Presentation

(Moderator: Dr. Rudiansyah)

13.30-14.30 Dr. Ernawati

14.30-15.00 Intralab

15.00-17.00 Plenary Session 4 (Moderator: Dr. Rani Maharani)

15.00-16.00 Dr. Brad Sleebs

16.00-17.00 Dr. Norazah Basar

17.00-17.30 Coffee Break

17.30-18.30 HKBAI Congress


Thursday, 13 September 2018

Time

08.00-10.00 Parallel Session 1

10.00-10.30 Coffee break and Poster Presentation

10.30-12.30 Parallel Session 2

12.30-13.30 Lunch and Poster Presentation

13.30-16.00 Plenary Session 5 and Exhibition Presentation

(Moderator: Prof. Dr. Yana Maolana Syah)

13.30-14.30 Prof. Young Ho Kim

14.30-15.30 Dr. Norizan Ahmat

15.30-16.00 Bruker

16.00-16.10 Closing Ceremony

16.10-16.20 Coffee break


Parallel Session 1 (Thursday, 13 September 2018, 08.00-10.00)

Room A

Chairperson:

Hanhan Dianhar, M.Si

Room B

Chairperson:

Dr. Fera Kurniadewi

Room C

Chairperson:

Dr. Elvira Hermawati

OP01 Lilis Rosmainar OP10 Febrian Roman OP19 Eliza

OP02 Mohamad Rafi OP11 Annisa Indriyani OP20 Sri Anggarini Rasyid

OP03 Ade Chandra Iwansyah OP12 Aisyah Salihah K. OP21 Rizki Fitriani

OP04 Adryan Fristiohady OP13 Riga OP22 Rani Maharani

OP05 Dewi Sari Mulia OP14 Fitri Setiyoningrum OP23 Valentina Adimurti K

OP06 Abdullah Muzi Marpaung OP15 R. Ukun MS S. OP24 Siti Nur Atiqah Md Othman

OP07 Andi Suhendi OP16 Rini Muharini OP25 Sofa Fajriah

OP08 Nur Annisa OP17 Mohamad Hamizan M. Isa OP26 Neneng Windayani

OP09 Supriatno OP18 Ricson P Hutagaol OP27 Amelinda Pratiwi


Parallel Session 2 (Thursday, 13 September 2018, 10.30-12.30)

Room A

Chairperson:

Dr. Siti Aisyah

Room B

Chairperson:

Dr. Pinus Jumaryanto

Room C

Chairperson:

Dr. Rini Muharini

OP28 Qivi Azizah OP38 Muhammad Yanis M. OP48 Akhmad Darmawan

OP29 Hanhan Dianhar OP39 Riza Apriani OP49 Nurul Ambardhani

OP30 Santi Amelia Sari OP40 Erdawati OP50 Orin Inggriani N.

OP31 I Wayan Mudianta OP41 Aji Najihudin OP51 Rosmawaty

OP32 Anceu Murniati OP42 Dian Nugraheni OP52 Eri Bachtiar

OP33 Muhammad Widyo OP43 Desi Harneti OP53 Elok Kamilah Hayati

OP34 Wiro Naibaho OP44 Hamizah Muhamad OP54 Elvira Hermawati

OP35 Asep Supriadin OP45 Risa Erlinda Octarina OP55 Dian Angrianis

OP36 Fera Kurniadewi OP46 Pramukti Nawar Raidah OP56 Ana Hidayati M.

OP37 A. Ghanaim Fasya OP47 Tati Herlina OP57 Alfonds A. Maramis

OP58 Dewa Gede Katja


Distribution for Poster Presentation

PP01 Jasmansyah PP17 Siti Warnasih PP33 Nurlelasari

PP02 Sri Hartati Yuliani PP18 Hernandi Sujono PP34 Riyanto

PP03 Rina Budi Satiyarti PP19 Diana Widiastuti PP35 Yon Haryanto

PP04 Ade Chandra Iwansyah PP20 Dede Sukandar PP36 Juli Eka Damayanti

PP05 Sahidin Idin PP21 Nindya Firdina Mahya PP37 Iqbal Musthapa

PP06 Nurlansi PP22 Sri Wahyuningsih PP38 Ferlinahayati

PP07 Wahyuni PP23 Fikri Alatas PP39 Nunung Kurniasih

PP08 Vera Nurviana PP24 Risyandi Anwar PP40 Sandi V. Z. Siswanto

PP09 Wa Ode Sitti Musnina PP25 Edy Soesanto PP41 Muhammad Yudhistira A.

PP10 Faizal Hermanto PP26 Atun Qowiyyah PP42 Dewi Meliati Agustini

PP11 Hailong Zhang PP27 Nila Tanyela Berghuis PP43 Dewi Meliati Agustini

PP12 Muharni PP28 Deden Winda Suwandi PP44 Tina Dewi Rosahdi

PP13 Elfita PP29 Suci Nar Vikasari PP45 Ruchiyat

PP14 Agus Chahyadi PP30 Winda Andika Sukmawati PP46 Meiny Suzery

PP15 I Made Arya Utamaningrat PP31 Irana Rahmawati Sabana PP47 Fahrauk Faramayuda

PP16 Nenden Fauziah PP32 Yenny Febriani Yun


ROOMS MAP OF ISNPC 2018

HOLIDAY INN HOTEL – PASTEUR, BANDUNG


Abstracts

Plenary Lecture (PL)


Modelling molecular interactions: Designing

novel insulins

NICHOLAS A. SMITH, BRIAN J. SMITH*

La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne

(Australia) *[email protected]

The way in which insulin engages its primary binding site on the insulin receptor (IR) is still unknown, notwithstanding the structures of the free hormone and receptor fragments in both the apo and bound states having been determined. The disulfide linked hormone, which is either responsible or implicated in numerous diseases, binds to the insulin receptor and results in a conformational change in the binding site. The method in which this conformational change occurs, particularly the displacement of the C-terminal segment of the insulin receptor α-chain (termed αCT1) and the sequence of events that precedes it, is still a contentious issue that is being investigated through the experimental and computational use of specialised and synthetic insulins.

Specialised venom insulins, many of which do not contain equivalent residues from human insulin which are integral for receptor binding, still maintain their ability to bind to the IR with relatively high affinity. The stable B-Chain minimised Conus geographus G1 (Con-Ins G1) being the smallest known insulin found in nature has a truncated B-chain (B22-B30) and yet is only 30-fold less active than native human insulin.2

Iodination of a conserved residue in human insulin is associated with enhanced binding to the receptor and improved pharmaceutical properties of a rapid-acting clinical analogue, including its stability and resistance to physical degradation.3

Recent efforts in improving insulin pharmacokinetics have focussed on incresing protein stability; these ultra-stable insulin analogs promise to circumvent a costly ‘cold chain” underlying its global distribution. A single-chain insulin in which the two chains of the native molecule are linked exhibits appropriate biological activity and increased stability.4

Molecular modelling techniques can provide powerful insight into details not readily available experimentally. For the insulin mimetics described above, the strategy used to mitigate the absence of crucial


residue engagements, the role of halogen bonding, and the mode of receptor binding of single chain insulins, has been elucidated.

Molecular model of Con-Ins G1 in the context of the primary insulin-binding site of the human insulin receptor.

References

[1] Menting, J. G. et al. Protective hinge in insulin opens to enable its receptor engagement. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 111, E3395-404 (2014).

[2] Menting, J. G. et al. A minimized human insulin-receptor-binding motif revealed in a Conus geographus venom insulin. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 23,

916–920 (2016). [3] El Hage, K. et al. Extending halogen-based medicinal chemistry to

proteins: IODO-INSULIN AS A CASE STUDY. J. Biol. Chem. 291, 27023-27041 (2016).

[4] Glidden, M.D. et al. Solution structure of an ultra-stable single-chain insulin analog connects protein dynamics to a novel mechanism of receptor

binding. J. Biol. Chem. 293, 69-88 (2018).


Discovery of Bioactive Natural Compounds

from Araliaceae Plants

Le Ba Vinh, Le Duc Dat, Tran Hong Quang, Young Ho Kim*

College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Araliaceae, the ginseng family of flowering plants, comprises approximately 70 genera and 700 species in Southeast Asia. Most members are shrubs or trees, though there are a number of climbers and a few herbs. Several members of the family are economically very important in Asian country including Korea, Japan and China. In our ongoing research for Araliaceae family plants, we focused on the phytochemical constituents and their pharmacological activities from Panax ginseng, Acanthopanax koreanum and Kalopanax pictus. From ginseng roots, leaves and flower buds, many new dammarane-type ginsenosides were isolated and evaluated on pharmacological activities including effects on the intracellular radical scavenging, the growth of HL-60 human leukemia cells, the lipopolisaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, TNF-α production, expression of COX-2 and iNOS inflammatory enzymes, and the myocyte contraction [1-2]. Several pimarane-type diterpenoids and lupane-type triterpenoids were isolated from roots, stems and leaves of Acanthopanax koreanum. They were tested inhibitory effects on the LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and MMP-13 down-regulating capacity in IL-1β-treated human chondrocyte cell line (SW1353) and rabbit cartilage explants [3]. The anti-inflammatory activity of triterpenoid saponins from Kalopanax pictus was also evaluated through inhibition of a TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity and attenuation of TNFα-induced pro-inflammatory gene (iNOS and COX-2) expression in HepG2 cells. This results provides scientific support to the therapeutic use of Araliaceae family plants and rationale for further studies on the application of these plants and their chemical components as cosmetics, functional foods, and medical use.


Reference:

1. LB Vinh, and YH Kim et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 27, 5149 (2018).

2. NH Tung, and YH Km et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 58, 1111 (2010). 3. YH Kim and HP Kim et al., J. Ethnopharmacol., 209, 73 (2017).

4. TH Quang and YH Kim, et al., J. Nat. Prod. 346, 2567 (2011).


Peptidomimetics of the Natural PEXEL

Substrate of the Plasmodium Aspartyl Protease Plasmepsin V

Sleebs, B.1,2, Cowman, A.1,2, Boddey, J.1,2

1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia 2The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Plasmodium parasites survive inside human red blood cells by exporting hundreds of proteins into the cell to remodel it. Approximately 450 proteins are exported by trafficking through the parasite endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and possess an N-terminal export motif, termed the Plasmodium export element (PEXEL), which targets the proteins to the erythrocyte. In order for proteins to be correctly exported, the PEXEL motif (RxLxQ/E/D) must be processed by an ER-resident aspartic acid protease called plasmepsin V (PMV). If processing of PEXEL proteins does not take place they are not exported and accumulate inside the parasite. Plasmepsin V is conserved in all Plasmodium spp., including the most virulent human parasites P. falciparum and P. vivax, and is essential for blood-stage parasite survival. To further understand the export mechanism, we have designed peptidomimetics that mimic the natural substrate of plasmepsin V. Consequently, we show that the peptidomimetics inhibit plasmepsin V from the two most virulent malaria parasites P. falciparum and P. vivax, with an IC50 of 3 nM, demonstrating that the export pathway is conserved in Plasmodium species and that plasmepsin V has an exquisitely refined substrate specificity. We used the peptidomimetics to obtain the first X-ray crystal structure of plasmepsin V that provides unparalleled insights into the mechanism and inhibition of this enzyme. For the first time we demonstrate that the treatment of P. falciparum parasites with a small molecule blocks PEXEL processing and protein export, causing parasite death in multiple stages of the malaria lifecycle, including transmission to the mosquito, reinforcing plasmepsin V as an attractive antimalarial target. We are now looking at other the same export mechanisms exist in closely related pathogenic Apicomplexa parasites.


Isolation and Characterization of Endiandric

Acids and Kingianins Isolated from Endiandra kingiana Gamble (Lauraceae) and Approches

Towards the Synthesis

of thereof

Mohamad Nurul Azmi 1,6,*8, Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar2, Hasnah Osman1, Marc Litaudon5, Khalijah Awang3,4, Yvan Six6

1School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden,

Penang, Malaysia 2Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti

Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia 4IFM NatProLab, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University

Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 5Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Univ. Paris-Sud 11, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France

6Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO), UMR 7652 CNRS / ENSTA / École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France

*Corresponding email: [email protected]

The preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the bark of Endiandra kingiana Gamble exhibited potency as a modulating agent between Bcl-xL and Bak, which prompted its chemical investigation. Two groups of compounds were isolated and characterized; the endiandric acid series and the kingianin series. Eight new endiandric acid analogues (kingianic acids A-H) and three new kingianin analogues (kingianin O-Q) were isolated and structurally elucidated. Their structures were established based on extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR analyses in combination with HREIMS experiments. The isolated compounds were evaluated for two bioassays; Bcl-xL/Bak and Mcl-1/Bid of binding affinities and cytotoxic effects against various human tumour cells. The second part describes the progression towards the total synthesis of kingianin analogues. The pentacyclic kingianin skeleton was formed by Diels-Alder reaction between two monomers having a bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene backbone formed by a stereospecific electrocyclization of polyenes. The research was


focusing on construction of bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene monomer using [2+2] ketene cycloaddition approach at the early stage of the synthesis. One of the main advantages of such a strategy is the rapid assembly of the carbon skeleton of kingianins, thus maximizing the chances for good overall yields of the final products. So far, an efficient synthesis of the bicyclo[4.2.0]octene backbone was successfully achieved. Five approaches to synthesize this backbone starting from [2+2] cycloaddition of the cyclohexadienes to functionalized ketenes followed by functionalization of substituent at C-7 and C-8 positions with the correct relative configuration were described. From these approaches, several compounds were identified as the key intermediates. This key step of the synthesis provided an access to the kingianins skeleton. Keywords: Endiandra kingiana, cyclic polyketides, endiandric acids,

kingianins, [2+2] ketene cycloaddition, bicyclo [4.2.0]octadiene


Chemical Constituents of Selected Medicinal

Plants from Malaysia

Norazah Basar*, Hasnah Mohd Sirat, Noor Amira Muhammad, Siti Nur Atiqah Md Othman, Nurshahira Mohd Rozi, Siti Zubaidah

Fauzi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia


Being one of the twelve large-biodiversity countries in the world, Malaysia is the home of ca. 15,000 species of flowering plants. A total of 6,000 floral species have been reported to possess medicinal values in the tropics, and 1,230 of these species have been recorded in Malaysia as medicinal plants, which have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. Natural products have been a source of medicinal agents since thousands of year and several modern drugs originated from natural sources, predominantly based on their knowledge available in traditional medicine. Therefore, the importance of the botanical and chemical studies of various indigenous Malaysian plants remains high. Phytochemical studies of selected plants of Malaysia have led to the isolation and identification of several classes of interesting compounds such as terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, diarylheptanoids and flavonoids. Our laboratory has been involved in the search for bioactive phytochemicals from the forest plants notably from the species of the families, Clusiaceae, Moringaceae, Rutaceae, Thymelaeaceae and Zingiberaceae. Hence, our findings from the phytochemical studies of selected medicinal plants from Malaysia, Alpinia mutica, Citrus macroptera, Garcinia parvifolia, Moringa oleifera and Phaleria macrocarpa, will be presented. Keywords: Phytochemicals, Clusiaceae, Moringaceae, Rutaceae,

Thymelaeaceae, Zingiberaceae


Benzimidazole Bearing Hydrazine Derivatives

as New α-Glucosidase Inhibitors and Molecular Docking Studies

Norizan Ahmat*, Nik Khairunissa Nik Abdullah Zawawi

Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah

Alam, Selangor, Malaysia


Benzimidazole is a bicyclic aromatic organic compound which consists of fused ring of benzene and imidazole. N-Ribosyl-dimethylbenzimidazole is the most prominent benzimidazole in nature, which coordinates with cobalt in vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is capable of simulating the bacterial growth, whereas a single benzimidazole fragment suppresses bacterial growth. Newly synthesized benzimidazole hydrazone derivatives 1–26 were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1–26 exhibited varying degrees of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values between 8.40 ± 0.76 and 179.71 ± 1.11 lM when compared with standard acarbose. In this assay, seven compounds that showed highest inhibitory effects than the rest of benzimidazole series were identified. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by using spectroscopic methods. The interaction of the active compounds with enzyme were further analyzed via molecular docking study. Keywords: Benzimidazole, hydrazone, α-glucosidase, molecular

docking


Revealing Role of Nutmeg Extract for Medical

Treatment Purpose “From spice to the Treatment”

Ronny Lesmana1,2,*

1Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran 2Physiology Division, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine,

Universitas Padjadjaran


A rare, costly spice once prized by Byzantine traders, nutmeg has an ancient history for its curative as well as culinary uses. In spite of its time-intensive harvesting process, and its uses as spice, nutmeg imparts an incredible array of nutritional benefits such as manganese, copper, and magnesium, as well as antioxidants and volatile oils that can both soothe and stimulate the brain, relieve joint, muscular, and toothache pain, and provide antifungal, antidepressant, and gas-inhibitive functions. Interestingly, we observed a potential effect of nutmeg which stimulated muscle mass via activation of mTOR, AKT and inhibition of autophagy pathway. In that prespective, nutmeg may have a potential role as supplement for treating sarcopenia beside its role for modulate insulin resistance via PPAR-alpha and gamma stimulation, Keri et al. (2012). Sarcopenia is still a major challenge to healthy aging. The sarcophenic phenotype is characterized by a reduction of muscle mass and quality, shift in fiber-type distribution and reduced satellite cell regeneration. However, there is limited information about role of nutmeg for skeletal muscle function and its mechanism. Taken together, nutmeg extract increase muscle weight in aging skeletal muscle partly and via inhibition of autophagy , and this may contribute to solve sarcopenia in aging Keywords: Aging, nutmeg, sarcopenia, autophagy


The PhoR Dimer Based Screening System for

Exploring Potential Novel Anti Tuberculosis Drug

Ernawati Arifin Giri-Rachman*, Nathanael Steven, Yana Maolana Syah, Mellysa Rahmita, Rafaella Winona Gracia, and Azzania

Fibriani

School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10, Bandung, 40132

*E-mail: [email protected]

The emergence of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has revealed the need to the discovery for novel anti tuberculosis drugs. One of the potential candidates as novel TB drug target is PhoR, a histidine kinase of the two components system PhoR-PhoP that senses environmental stimuli and relay the signal to control the expression of 114 virulent associated genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Dimerization of PhoR cytoplasmic domain is an important step in PhoR-PhoP regulation. The screening system that is based on inhibition of PhoR dimerization was successfully generated. The system contains a coding sequence that express a protein fusion which comprises of DNA binding domain of a repressor and cytoplasmic domain of PhoR. The inhibition of potential drug candidate on PhoR dimerization were detected through the expression of emerald green fluorescence protein (EmGFP) as reporter gene. Using the generated screening system, few potential novel anti tuberculosis drug candidates resulted from Indonesian plant as well as synthetic compound, were indicated. The system was also used to develop screening systems for other diseases, which also based on inhibition of protein dimer. It is expected that using the screening system, we could explore more potential novel anti tuberculosis drugs and potential drugs for other disease from Indonesian biodiversity.

mailto:[email protected]


Abstracts

Oral Presentation (OP)


Oral Presenter Abstracts * OP 01

Identification of Secondary Metabolite

Compounds from Physalis peruviana

(Solanaceae)

Lilis Rosmainar*

Meta Industry Polytechnic, Jln. Inti 1 Blok C1 no 7 Lippo Cikarang/Bekasi 17550


Indonesia is one of the most famous tropical countries having diversity

with various uses as medicinal plants. One of the plants is Physalis

peruviana. This plant has been exploited as traditional medicines such as

treating diabetes, bleeding gums, boils, and lowering heat. The

compounds isolated from this Physalis genus are as follows: witangulatin

B, witangulatin C, witangulatin D, witangulatin E, witangulatin G, witangulatin H, 4𝛽-hydroxywitanolide E, witanolide E, witaperuvin,

piperunolide B, piperunolide C, piperunolide D, witanolide S, witanolide

C, virginol A, virginol B, virginol C, physalin B, physalin D, physalin F,

physalin G, physalin I, and physalin J. To find out what active compounds

contained in the plant, isolation of chemical compounds from P. peruviana

was carried out. Isolation was performed by maceration using methanol

and then followed by extraction using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The

separation of the compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction (7 g) was

carried out by using liquid vacuum chromatography, flash column

chromatography, open-column chromatography, and radial

chromatography to obtain one pure compound. Melting point of the

isolated compound was in the range of 195 – 196oC and mass obtained

was 0.20 g in the form of white powder. Structural determination was

performed using UV-Vis (267nm and 332nm), FTIR (3269 cm-1, 2924 cm-

1, 1678 cm-1), MS (m/z 485,2552) NMR 1D (1H-NMR & 13C-NMR) dan NMR

2D (HMBC, HMQC, COSY). The compound obtained is a class of witasteroid compounds and the recommended structure is 4𝛽-

hydroxywithanolida E

Keywords: 4𝛽-Hidroksiwithanolide E; Peruviana; Solanaceae; Steroid;

Witasteroid.



Application of Metabolomics in the

Development of Quality Control Method of

Some Indonesian Medicinal Plants

Mohamad Rafi*, Eti Rohaeti, Wulan Tri Wahyuni

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Dramaga Jl Tanjung, Bogor

16880, West Java, Indonesia

Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University,

Kampus IPB Taman Kencana Jl. Taman Kencana No.3, Bogor 16128, West Java, Indonesia


Quality control of medicinal plant raw materials has a direct link to the efficacy, safety, and quality of their products because the variability of the bioactive compounds in the medicinal plant is significant. As we know, quality control of medicinal plant is more difficult than that of synthetic drugs due to its chemical complexity. Development of an identification, discrimination, and authentication (IDA) method of the medicinal plant becomes a crucial task to ensure the quality and also to prevent. Therefore, we need a precise and accurate analytical method for this purpose. Metabolomics approach becomes very popular in the development of medicinal plant IDA method by chemicals with the targeted metabolite and metabolite fingerprinting analysis were frequently used. A large amount of data will obtain from the metabolite fingerprinting analysis, so we need the help from chemometrics for data handling and modeling Here we described our developed method for IDA of some Indonesia medicinal plants such as meniran, kumis kucing and pegagan using targeted and metabolite fingerprinting approach combined with chemometrics. Keywords: Kumis kucing, meniran, metabolomics, pegagan, quality

control



Characteristics of Nutritional, Antioxidant

Properties and Toxicity of Ethanolic Extract of

Ciplukan Plant (Physalis angulata L.)

Ade Chandra Iwansyah1,*, Wahidiyanti P. Julianti2, Rohmah Luthfiyanti1

1) Development Center for Appropriate Technology, Indonesian Institute of

Sciences, KS Tubun Street, No. 5 Subang, West Java - Indonesia 2) Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Pasundan

University, Dr. Setiabudi Street No. 193, Bandung, West Java - Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

This aim of the study was to characterize nutritional, antioxidant properties and toxicity of ethanolic extract of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.). The nutritional, physicochemical, antioxidant properties and toxicity of all part of ciplukan were analyzed. The total phenolics content, total flavonoids and free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract were studied using folin–ciocalteu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay. Moreover, the toxicity of the extract was measured by brine shrimp lethality bioassay (LC50). The results showed that ethanolic extract of ciplukan leaves (ELC) contained the highest of total phenolics (144.4 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (33.33 mg QE/g) with a ratio (TF/TP) of 0.23. ELC is fou nd to have the highest antioxidant activity (EC50) followed by ERC>EFC>EUF>ESC. Furthermore, based on the level toxicity of LC50 values, the ethanolic extract of ciplukan ripe fruit (EFC) (924.18 µg/mL ) has cytotoxic properties. These results provide useful data about the nutritional, antioxidant properties and toxicity of ethanolic extract of all part of ciplukan for the functional food ingredient. Keywords: Antioxidant activity, ciplukan, phytochemical analysis,

Physalis angulata L., toxicity



Breast Cancer Intravasation Inhibited by

Eriodictyol in a Three-Dimensional Co-Culture

Model

Adryan Fristiohady*, Wahyuni, Sahidin

Faculty of Pharmacy, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, 93232, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The main threat and reason for most cancer deaths are not the primary neoplasias, but they are the secondary tumours, namely metastasis, which destroy the function of colonised organs. As the flavonoid, eriodictyol was found to exhibit anti inflammation and anti tumor effect, thus it was suggested that eridictyol might contribute to the tumour intravasation as an early step of metastasis. A three-dimensional co-culture model was used to analyse the contribution of this flavonoid to the gap formation in the lymph endothelial cell monolayer. Specific inhibiton of eridictyol was dependent on dose and time attenuated CCID formation by 25% - 30% from triple negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer spheroid in lymph endolelial cell. Specific flavonoid concentration could act as an anti-intravasative formula for theraupetic strategy and have to be established in future research. Keywords: Breast cancer, intravasation, eriodictyol



Antioxidant Activity of The Methanol Extract

from the Leaves of Mahang Damar

(Macaranga triloba (Bl.) Muell Arg.)

Dewi Sari Mulia*, Syahrida Dian Ardhany, Pienyani Rosawanti

Muhammadiyah University of Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Mahang damar is found in Central Kalimantan and the leaves of this plant have been sold with relatively high price. Unknown benefits of the leaves are detected but this phenomenon has been going through for the last three years. This preliminary study was aimed to recognize bioactive content of mahang damar leaves that can be used as medicinal ingredients. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity test of the methanol extract of leaves of mahang damar (Macaranga triloba (Bl.) Muell Arg.) have been done. Leaves of mahang damar were extracted using maceration methods. Phytochemical screening results indicated the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract from the leaves of mahang damar was carried out using DPPH method and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of the leaves of mahang damar showed IC50 values of 37.91 ppm with quersetin as a positive control with IC50 values of 4,46 ppm. Keywords: Macaranga triloba, antioxidant, DPPH



Effect of Sugar Addition to the Stability of

Anthocyanin Rich Extracts of Clitoria

ternatea, Ipomoea tricolor, and Brassica oleracea

Abdullah Muzi Marpaung*, Bernadetha Prisca Rizki Pramesthi

Swiss German University


The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of different type of sugar (sucrose, glucose, and maltose) with different concentration (10%, 20%, 30%) to the stability of several anthocyanin source extract (Clitoria ternatea flower - CT, Ipomoea tricolor flower - IT, and Brassica oleracea - BO) during storage at pH 5 and 6. The anthocyanin of the plant was extracted by 0.1 M HCl at 60 oC for 30 minutes with continuous shaking. The stability parameters included in the study were colour intensity, browning index, total anthocyanin, and total phenolic content. The highest stability performed by CT, followed by IT and BO. The increase of sugar added was found out to increase the stability of all extracts studied. However, the types of sugar showed no significance effect to all stability parameters of the extracts. Keywords: Anthocyanins, browning index, phenolic content, stability, sugar



Anti-Inflammatory and Antidiabetic of

Channa striata Powder and Nephellium

lappaceum Fruit Peel Ethanolic Extracts on Albino Wistar Mice

Andi Suhendi1,*, Muhtadi2, E.M. Sutrisna3

1 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Departement, Faculty of Pharmacy UMS 2 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Departement, Faculty of Pharmacy UMS

3 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine UMS *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Ethanolic extracts of Channa striata powder and Nephellium lappaceum fruit peel were studied for anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities. The investigations on Albino Wistar mice for anti-inflammatory action was undertaken by injecting 0.2 mL of 2% w/v carrageenan sodium subcutaneously in the sub-plantar of the mice right hind paw. Meanwhile, antidiabetic activity was performed on diabetic animal model by injecting alloxan. The results showed that extracts of C. striata powder, N. lappaceum fruit peel and a combination of both extracts with a dose of 150 mg/kgBW proved to significantly decreased the volume of mouse foot edema (p <0.05). The combination of two extracts has the best antidiabetic activity of all by lowering blood glucose level of 55.6%, while C. striata powder and N. lappaceum fruit peel extracts could decrease blood glucose level by successive 27.4% and 71.2% in mice alloxan-induced diabetic. Keywords: Channa striata, Nephellium lappaceum, anti-inflammatory

activity, antidiabetic activity, carrageenan induced paw edema, alloxan



Protein Isolation and Identification of Pterois

volitans Spine Venom Coagulant Activity

Andy Noorsaman Sommeng1, Nur Annisa1,*, Mikael Januardi Ginting2, Anondho Wijanarko2

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru

UI Depok, Indonesia; 2Marine Science Postgraduate Program, Department of Biology, Universitas

Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Indonesia


Pterois volitans, commonly refers to lionfish, are fish species originating from Indo-Pacific waters but are becoming invasive in other regions such as the Caribbean and Atlantis. Various efforts to reduce the number of lionfishes have now been done and one of them is by exploiting the existing poison on the spine. The venom extraction of P. volitans spines was undertaken mechanically using sonication and centrifugation and then the protein isolation was carried out by using salt. Coagulant activity of extract (crude venom) and lionfish venom protein isolate was done by counting PT (prothrombin time) and APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), which resulted that the crude venom and protein isolate of lionfish venom can accelerate blood clot (procoagulant), respectively up to 8.5 seconds and 6 seconds. Protein identification using LC-MS/MS device was carried out. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the protein isolate of lionfish venom contains Nomega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) compounds known to have procoagulant effects. From a series of tests mentioned, it can be concluded that P volitans venom has a procoagulant activity and one of the compounds responsible for this activity is L-NAME. Keywords: Crude venom, L-NAME, procoagulant, protein isolate, P.

volitans



Limonoids from Stem Bark of Chisocheton

pentandrus (Meliaceae)

Supriatno1, Wiro Naibaho1, Nurlelasari1, Desi Harneti1, Ace Tatang Hidayat1,2, Ronny Lesmana2,3, Unang Supratman1,2,*, Yoshihito

Shiono4

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia. 2Central Laboratory, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

3Department of medicine, Faculty of medicine, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

4Department of Food, Life, and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan.


Two limonoids, dysobinin (1) and epoxyazadirone (2), have been isolated from the stem bark of Chisocheton pentandrus. The chemical structure of compounds (1-2) were identified by spectroscopic data including UV, IR, NMR and MS as well as by comparing with previously reported spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 were reported for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activity against MCF7 breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 16.42 and 9.12 M, respectively (cisplatin IC50 27.01 M). Keywords: Chisocheton pentandrus, limonoids, dysobinin, epoxyazadirone, cytotoxic activity.



Extraction of PLA2 and Antibacterial Activity

Test of Lion Fish (Pterois volitans) Spine

Venom

Andy Noorsaman Sommeng, Febrian Roman*, Mikael Januardi Ginting and Anondho Wijanarko

Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru

UI Depok, Indonesia

Marine Science Postgraduate Program, Department of Biology, Universitas

Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Indonesia; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The population of Pterois volitans has caused significant damage to other

fish populations and coral reef ecosystems. Population control of Pterois

volitans consumes a considerable cost so that the utilization of these fish

needs to be sought so as to be useful along with controlling the

population. This fish is known to contain the enzyme phospholipase A2,

which can be used as an antibiotic against some bacteria. This study will

examine the antibacterial activity of the phospholipase A2 enzyme

extracted from Pterois volitans venom to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis

and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method used to isolate the

enzyme phospholipase A2 is by using precipitation of ammonium sulfate

and precipitation with ethanol. The results of the precipitation will be

tested by the Lowry protein concentration test, the Marinetti A2

phospholipase activity test and the identification of the SDS-PAGE

protein. Agar diffusion disc method is used to test the antibacterial

activity. The results obtained from this research is 80% ammonium

sulphate precipitation method has the highest protein and enzyme

activity with ratio 1.32 times compared to toxic extract. For antibacterial

activity test results, an 80% ammonium sulphate sample may inhibit the

activity of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria but has no effect on Bacillus

subtilis and Escherichia coli.

Keywords: Pterois volitans, phospholipase A2, antibacterial test, lionfish,

extraction



Optimization of Extracellular Secretion of

Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth

Factor (hEGF) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)

pD881-OmpA-hEGF By Using

Response Surface Method (RSM)

Annisa Indriyani1,*, Nenden Anggraeni1, Sriwidodo1,2, Iman Permana Maksum1

1Biomolecular Laboratory of Health and Food, Departement of Chemistry,

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia, +62227794391

2Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia, +62227794391


Human Epidermal Growth Factor (hEGF) is a techno-economically protein

that has the function for stimulating a process of proliferation and cell

differentiation. Because of that function, it can be a candidate of wound

healer in ulcer diabetic. In the previous study, hEGF can extracellularly

be secreted by OmpA signal peptide using recombinant DNA. The

production method of recombinant hEGF will be extracellularly secreted

by Escherichia coli. However, the optimum secretion of OmpA has not

been studied previously. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to

determine the optimum conditions using the RSM method. This research

begins with a rejuvenation of culture, extracellular secretion, and

optimization with the RSM method, followed by protein production at

optimum condition. Secreted recombinant protein in fermentation media

and total protein were measured by Sandwich ELISA and LOWRY. The

result showed that the optimum condition was found in the medium

concentration of 1.5x and induction time at 2 hours 10 minutes and the

total protein yield of expression was 21.247 mg/mL with optimization

percentage 2.96% and efficiency 50.56 % and recombinant protein hEGF concentration in fermentor media 416 g/mL.

Keywords: hEGF Recombinant, extracellular secretion, RSM, LOWRY and

Sandwich ELISA



Bioactive Constituents of Oligostilbenoids

from Shorea leprosula Miq.

Aisyah Salihah Kamarozaman1,2,3*, Norizan Ahmat1,3, Fatin Nur Syahirah Mohamad Sharif1, Nurul Atikah Azmi1, Muhammad Sulaiman Mohd Johari1,3, Zetty Zulikha Hafiz1,3, Mohd Ilham

Adenan1,3

1Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

2Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Dengkil Campus, 43800 Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia

3Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Dipterocarpaceae comprises species of high economical values in timber, resins, oil, camphor and turpentine. Shorea which belongs to this family consists of 196 species and mainly found in Southeast Asia. Besides being of importance in timber production, this genus is known for their potential in pharmaceutical industries due to its significant bioactivities. Thus, in this research, Shorea leprosula was chosen to be phytochemically studied. The powder of the stem bark (2.76 kg) of S. leprosula was macerated in acetone for 24 hours at room temperature and repeated five times. The concentrated extract was mixed with diethyl ether to remove the tannin. The less tannin fraction of the acetone crude extract (82.3 g) was semi-purified by vacuum liquid chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate) to give seven fractions (SL1-7). Fraction SL5 (423.5 mg) was further purified by radial chromatography (chloroform: methanol) to afford a pure compound (1) (31.6 mg). SL6 (150.0 mg) and SL7 (270.7 mg) were subjected to the same chromatographic technique and solvent system to yield two pure compounds (2) (2.9 mg) and (3) (8.6 mg) respectively. The isolates were tested on AChEI and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Based on the UV, IR, NMR and comparison with the literature data, the isolated compounds were characterized as hopeaphenol (1), isohopeaphenol (2) and laevifonol (3). Compound


(1) displayed pronounced activity on AChEI and DPPH radical scavenging with the IC50 10 M and 7.02 M respectively. Meanwhile, compound (3) only exhibited moderate activity of AChEI with the IC50 >20 M. Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, oligostilbenoids, radical,

scavenging, Shorea leprosula



Three Sesquiterpenes from a Fungus

Pestalotiopsis microspora Isolated from

Artocarpus heterophyllus

Riga*, Nizar Happyana, Euis Holisotan Hakim

Natural Products Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan

Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia


Endophyte, by definition, is one of organism which resides in the tissues beneath the epidermal cell layers and causes no apparent harm to the host. The endophytic fungi are known as a source of abundant secondary metabolites. Many endophytic fungi produce secondary metabolites, which are very attractive in terms of their activity and chemical structure. The secondary metabolite such as terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic derivatives and steroids plays an important role as a potential candidate of lead compounds. Research on secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi from Artocarpus has not been reported. An endophytic fungus, Pestalotiopsis microspora, was isolated from the stem of Artocarpus heterophyllus. Artocarpus is an important genus in the family of Moraceae, which is found in South-East Asia, India, Solomon Islands, Pacific Islands, North Australia and Central America. The main secondary metabolites in the plants of this genus are prenylated phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes and 2-arilbenzofurans with a variety of biological activities including cytotoxic. The stem of A. heterophyllus was collected in the garden’s School of Pharmacy at Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. The fungus P. microspora was cultured on slants of the potato dextrose agar (PDA), then it was transferred 100 erlenmeyer flasks, which each contained 50 mL of potato dextrose broth (PDB). After 2-week cultivation, the culture was separated by a simple filtration and the cell was extracted with methanol three times. The MeOH extract (4.8 g) was fractionated and purified using vacum liquid chromatography, column chromatography and radial


chromatography to obtain three sesquiterpenes, (+)-dendocarbin L (1), (+)-sydonic acid (2) and (+)-sydowic acid (3). All compound (1-3) are the first time isolated from this fungal genus. The molecular structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data. Compound (3) showed cytotoxicity (IC50 2.56 μg/mL) against murine leukimia P-388 cells. Meanwhile, compound (1) and (2) are inactive with IC50 18.78; 20.30 μg/mL, respectively. Both morphological assessment and internal transcribed spaces (ITS) sequence analysis were performed to characterize the fungal strains in Indonesian Science Institute, Cibinong, West Java. The fungus assigned BTG-1 was preserved in the Natural Products Research Laboratory, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. Keywords: Artocarpus heterophyllus, Pestalotiopsis microspora,

endophyte, sesquiterpenes



Composition of Black Garlic Aged in Water

Bath

Fitri Setiyoningrum*, Gunawan Priadi, Fifi Afiati, Nina Herlina, Akhmad Solikhin

Research Center of Biotechnology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Puslit

Bioteknologi LIPI)


Garlic was aged in water bath with 72 oC of temperature and relative humidity close to 90%. The aging period was 0 (fresh garlic), 7, 14 dan 21 days. Some physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, flavonoid content, pH, browning intensity and S-allyl cystein content were determined. All of chemical properties of black garlic increased significantly over the aging, except pH value. Time of aging decreased its pH value gradually. Browning intensity as physical properties were also increased during aging. Waterbath could be considered as aging instrument of black garlic process. Keywords: black garlic, chemical properties, S-allyl cysteine



VELVET BEAN (Mucuna pruriens) OF

SUMATERA VARIETY AS THE POTENSIAL

SOURCE OF PROTEINS AND ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS

R. Ukun MS Soedjanaatmadja*, Martha Tinelli. Haen, Saadah Diana

Rachman, Dian Siti Kamara

Deparment of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21 Jatinangor *Correspondence author: [email protected]; [email protected]

Velvet bean plant (Mucuna pruriens) is a productive plant and have many

uses. The seed can be used to prevent several deseases such as

rheumatoid, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and nervous disorders. The seed

is useful as food source that have high content of proteins, lipids and

carbohydrates. Some researchers suggest do not allow this plant for

consumption because of the present of antinutrition components like

tannin, amilase inhibitor, cyanide and L-DOPA. The objective of the

research were to determine total content of proteins, lipids,

carbohydrates, moisture and ash, toxicity (LC50), and antibacterial

activity of M. pruriens seeds of Sumatera variety. The concentration of

protein was determined by Kjeldahl method (AOAC 955.04C), lipid

content by soxhletation method, carbohydrate content by different

method, while moisture and ash content by gravimetric method (AOAC

925.09 and AOAC 923-03).Toxicity was determined by BSLT method,

and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus and E. coli was

conducted using disc diffusion method. The result of research showed

that the content of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, moisture and ash in

the M. pruriens of Sumatera variety were 33.23%, 3.71%, 51.05%,

9.85% and 2.16%, respectively. The toxicity (LC50) of the ethyl acetate

fraction was 117 ppm and LC50 of methanol fraction was 161 ppm.

M. pruriens (from Sumatera Island) showed strong antibacterial activity

to Staphylococcus and E. coli bacteria.

Keywords: Mucuna pruriens, L.DOPA, toxicity, antibacterial activity,

Staphylococcus, E. coli





Phenolic Compounds from the Leaves

of Antidesma venosum

Rini Muharini1,2,*, Zhen Liu2, Wenhan Lin3, Peter Proksch2,*

1Department of Chemistry Education, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine

University Duesseldorf, Germany 3State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,

PR China

*Corresponding author: [email protected], proksch@uni-

duesseldorf.de

Phytochemical investigation on the leaves of Antidesma venosum, a medicinal plant native to South Africa, has led to the isolation of five phenolic compounds namely, amentoflavone (1), isobioquercetine (2), vitexin (3), isovitexin (4), and caffeoylglycolic acid (5), together with antidesmone (6), a chemotaxonomy marker of this genus. Their chemical structures were established by spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and ESIMS, as well as by comparison with the literature data. All fractions were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxicity activities. Unfortunately, most of the fractions were inactive, except for fractions AvH80, AvH60, and AvH40, which were slightly active as antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The isolated compounds were reported for the first time from the leaves of A. venosum. Keywords: Antidesma venosum, antidesmone, phenolics,

antibacterial



Isolation of a Flavonol and Two Phenolic

Compounds from the Leaves of Macaranga

hosei King ex Hook.f.

Mohamad Hamizan Mohd Isa1,2,*, Norizan Ahmat1,2, Aisyah Salihah Kamarozaman1,2,3

1Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor

D.E. Malaysia 2Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti

Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

3Pusat Asasi UiTM Dengkil 43800 Dengkil, Selangor D.E. Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The genus of Macaranga from Euphorbiaceae family encompasses of approximately 308 species that are endemic to the tropics of Asia, Australia, Africa, and Pacific contingents. Some Macaranga species have emerged as a good source of ethnomedicine by aboriginal folks. Traditional practitioners use fresh or dried leaves of certain Macaranga species as anti-inflammatory medicine which are capable of treating cuts, sores, swellings, boils and bruises. Nevertheless, most flavonoids from Macaranga species are generally isoprenylated, farnesylated, geranylated, or geranyl geranylated. This research aims to isolate and characterize the chemical constituents from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Macaranga hosei by using several chromatographic techniques and subjected them to various spectroscopic methods. The leaves of M. hosei were collected from reserved forest Lenggong, Perak, Malaysia, and the dried and powdered leaves were macerated in methanol at room temperature. Then, the crude methanolic extract was fractionated by using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) to give seven (7) major fractions (MH1-MH7). Fraction MHL3 was further purified by series of column chromatography (CC) and a flavonol, namely ombuin (1) was purified by using recrystallization method. Vanillic acid (2) and 3,4-dihydroxypropiophenone (3) were isolated by using semi-preparative HPLC. The chemical structure of these isolated compounds was


characterized based on their 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and MS spectral data. Phytochemical study on the methanolic extract of the leaves of M. hosei has yielded three compounds known as ombuin (1), vanillic acid (2), and 3,4-dihydroxypropiophenone (3). A flavonol and two phenolic compounds were isolated from the leaves of M. hosei. Keywords: Macaranga hosei, flavonoid, phenolic compound,

Euphorbiaceae, ombuin, vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxypropiophenone



Triterpenoid from Aglaia angustifolia (Miq.)

Miq Stem Bark

Ricson P Hutagaol1, Ihsan Rahadian1, Desi Harneti1, Ace Tatang Hidayat1,2, Khalijah Awang3, Unang Supratman1,2,*

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural sciences,

Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia. 2Central Laboratory of Padjadjaran University Jatinangor 45363,Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,University of Malaya, Kuala

Lumpur 59100, Malaysia. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

A triterpenoid, (20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-3,25-diol (1), was isolated from the n-hexane extract of stem bark of Aglaia angustifolia (Miq.). The structure of compound 1 was identified by spectroscopic methods including one and two-dimensional NMR as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis (1). Keywords: Aglaia angustifolia (Miq.), triterpenoid, epoxydammarane



Antifungal Properties of Bark of Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) Plant and Its

Triterpenoid Against Fungi Infected Mango

Eliza1,*, M. Manurung1, Ferlinahayati1, Desnelli1, W. Purwaningrum1, M. Verawaty2

1Chemistry Department Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty Sriwijaya

University Palembang, Indonesia 2Biology Department Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty Sriwijaya

University Palembang, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Mango is an important fruit crop in Indonesia and other sub and tropical

countries in the world. Mango is widely known and liked by the most

peoples but these trees have a number of diseases caused by fungus

including anthracnose diseases, powdery milk and dieback. Kecapi

(Sandoricum koetjape), one of spesies of genus Sandoricum (Meliaceae),

has been used as traditional medicines to treat leucorrhea. This plant is

widely known to have more than ten acid triterpenoids. The aims of the

study were to isolate and identify fungi, which infected mango, and to

evaluate antifungal properties from methanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl

acetate fractions as well as its isolated compound of bark of kecapi

(Sandoricum koetjape). Two fungus isolates i.e Aspergilus flavus and A.

niger were identified by macro and microscopic method, while

Neofusicoccum farvum has been identified by molecularly method. In

vitro evaluation of antifungal properties was carried out by using paper

disc method against Neofusicoccum parvum. Isolated compound from n-

hexane fraction of kecapi (S. koetjape) bark has been identified by

spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature data as 3-oxo-

olean-12-en-29-oic acid. All of methanol extract, n-hexane, ethyl acetate

fractions as well as isolated compound have fungicidal properties with the

zone inhibition diameter of 6-12 mm.

Keywords: Antifungal, fungi infected mango, Sandoricum koetjape,

Neofusicoccum farvum, 3-oxo-olean-12-en-29-oic acid



Effectiveness Analysis of Pokea Shells

(Batissa violacea celebensis Martens 1897)

Crude Extract Against Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity

Sri Anggarini Rasyid1,*, Ridwan Adi Surya2, Maria Bintang3, Bambang P. Priosoeryanto4

1D-IV Health Analyst Study Program, Mandala Waluya Health Science

College Kendari Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia 2Department of Environmental Science, Halu Oleo University Kendari

Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia 3Department of Biochemistry, Bogor Agricultural University, IPB Campus

Dramaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia 4Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction & Pathology, Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine Bogor Agricultural University, IPB Campus Dramaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia


The aim of this study was to conduct phytochemical tests for the identification of bioactive components present in the powder crude extract of pokea shell and to analyse their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The stage of the research is carried out by processing and analyzing the results of extraction of nutrient content/chemical compounds obtained from fresh, boiled and dried pokea shell, and then to test the effectiveness of pokea crude extracts for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. This study consists of phytochemical tests, including alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, saponins, flavanoids, hydroquinone phenols, molisch, benedict, biuret and ninhydrin tests. The antioxidant activity of the crude extract of the pokea shell was measured by the DPPH method and was found to be still relatively weak. However, the crude extracts of methanol of the boiled and dried pokea shells were in toxic category so both extracts are cytotoxic. The result of phytochemical test of crude extract of pokea shell meat, that was extracted from fresh and boiled pokea shell contain flavonoid, saponin, steroid and triterpenoid while extract of dried pokea shell only contain saponin, steroid and


triterpenoid. Result of antioxidant activity test of crude extract of pokea shell showed that the crude extract of dried pokea shell has the highest value of antioxidant activity. Result of toxicity test of crude extract of boiled and dried pokea shell showed LC50 value less than 1000 ppm. These values indicate that the extract of the boiled and dried Pokea shell is included in the toxic category. Keywords: Antioxidant, bioactive component, pokea shell, toxicity



New Cytotoxic Diels-Alder Type Adducts from

Root Cultures Media of Morus alba var. shalun

Rizki Fitriani, Euis Holisotan Hakim*

Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, Chemistry Study Program, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132,

Indonesia *Corresponding author : [email protected]

Morus is one genus of plants belonging to Moraceae family that has

important economic and medicinal values. The leaves of some Morus

plants are indispensable food for silkworm, while their root bark has been

used for treatment of diabetes, arthritis, and rheumatism. Previous

phytochemical investigation showed that this genus produces a variety

of phenolic compounds including stilbenes, 2-arylbenzofurans,

flavonoids, and Diels-Alder adducts. Diels-Alder type adducts are the

unique ones due to their complex and fascinating structures. Some of

these compounds showed important and various bioactivities, such as

cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral.

The source of biologically important secondary metabolites was obtained

conventionally from the intact plants. However, recent development in

plant biotechnological approach has shown the possibility of plant tissue

cultures as an alternative source for producing bioactive secondary

metabolites. Therefore, the isolation and characterization of secondary

metabolites from Morus alba var. shalun root cultures were implemented

in this research. Three new Diels-Alder type adducts (1-3) together with

one known Diels-Alder type adducts, mulberrofuran K (4), were isolated

from the EtOAc extract of liquid medium of Morus alba var. shalun root

cultures. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based

on a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including 1D, 2D, and

MS data. Compound 1-4 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against murine leukemia P388 cells with IC50 values 0.7, 0.7, 2.0, and 0.6 g/mL

respectively. These results demonstrate the potency of compound 1-4 as

the lead compounds for anticancer agent.

Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Diels-Alder adducts, Morus, Morus alba var.

shalun, root cultures



Synthesis of Analogues of Antioxidant PAGY

and Screening of Their Antioxidant Activity

Rani Maharani1,2,*, Christina Marpaung1, Dadan Sumiarsa1, Achmad Zainuddin1, Desi Harneti1, Nurlelasari1, Unang Supratman1,2


Universitas Padjadjaran 2Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran


Phone +6281290184903

In our previous work, natural antioxidant PAGY and four analogues have been successfully synthesized by using solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method. One of the analogues, PSGY, showed a higher antioxidant activity than the parent compound PAGY. The presence of additional hydroxyl group from the serine residue of PSGY could increase the antioxidant activity significantly. The search to find a more active antioxidant peptide was continued and this was carried out to study amino acids playing an important role in the antioxidant properties. This research was conducted to synthesize more analogues of PAGY, which are PAEY, PADY, PACY, PAKY, through SPPS method. Further, the synthesized products were tested for their antioxidant activity on DPPH assay. PAEY, PADY, PACY, PAKY were successfully synthesized on 2-chlorotrytil resin with Fmoc strategy. HATU/HOAt was employed as coupling reagent facilitating amide bond formation. The DPPH assay showed PAKY has the strongest antioxidant properties among PAGY and seven other analogues. The presence of free amino group from lysine could enhance their antioxidant properties. Keywords: Antioxidant, tetrapeptide, solid-phase peptide synthesis

(SPPS), PAGY



Two Phenolic Compounds from Indonesian

Fabaceae and Their Antibacterial Activities

Valentina Adimurti Kusumaningtyas*,1,2, Yana Maolana Syah1, Lia Dewi Juliawaty1

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Universitas

Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jl. Terusan Jenderal Sudirman, Cimahi 40285

Indonesia 2Natural Product Chemistry Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural

Sciences, Institut Tenologi Bandung, Jl.Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132 Indonesia


In a drug discovery program to combat various diseases, many natural chemicals originating from Indonesian tropical plants including Cassia grandis and Tephrosia vogelii were investigated in our study. These genera of plants are known as rich sources of phenolic compounds. This study aimed to reveal the isolate compound and their antibacterial activities. The structures of the compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR (1D and 2D). The antibacterial activity was carried out by using microdilution method and evaluated against two pathogenic bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Two phenolic compounds, resveratrol (1) and obovatachalcone (2) have been isolated from C. grandis and T. vogelii. Minimum inhibitory concentration of (1) and (2) ranged between 25-100 µg/mL while the minimum bactericidal concentration was equal or more than 100 µg/mL, showed moderate activities. Keywords: Cassia grandis, Tephrosia vogelii, resveratrol,

obovatacalkon, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli



Simultaneous Reversed-phase HPLC/DAD

Quantitative Analysis of Coumarins in Citrus

macroptera Montr. Peels Extracts

Siti Nur Atiqah Md Othman1, Norazah Basar1,*, Mohd Afiq Huri1, Luftun Nahar2, Satyajit Sarker2, Md Nesawar Miah3

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of

Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF,

UK 3Institute of Life Sciences, National University, Gazipur, Bangladesh,

Bangladesh *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Citrus macroptera Montr. (Rutaceae) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat several diseases, such as hypertension, stomach pain and alimentary disorders. Phytochemical investigation from C. macroptera peels extracts resulted in the isolation of three coumarins, identified as scoparone, scopoletin and citropten. The structure of coumarins were elucidated by the basis of spectral analysis and comparison with the literature data. A simultaneous reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with diode-array detection (DAD) analysis was developed for the determination of the three coumarins contents in n-hexane and methanol extracts from C. macroptera peels. HPLC analysis was achieved on Supelco Ascentis C18 column, eluted with isocratic mobile phase, water-methanol (45:55% v/v) (addition of 0.1% v/v acetic acid in both mobile phase) with flowrate 1.0 mL/min, and detected at 341 nm. The method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy and limits of detection and quantification. Concentration levels of scoparone, scopoletin and citropten in C. macroptera peels extracts were between 0.075-1.637%, 0.091-3.901% and 0.097-13.535% (w/w), respectively. This developed HPLC method was appropriate and practical for simultaneous


quantification analysis of the three coumarins in C. macroptera extracts. Keywords: Citrus macroptera, Coumarins, HPLC-DAD, Phytochemical, Quantification



Cytotoxic Compounds from Artocarpus

elasticus Reinw. Ex Blume Leaves

Sofa Fajriah*, Megawati, Akhmad Darmawan

Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Apigenin and 6-prenyl apigenin were isolated from the leaves of Artocarpus elasticus Reinw. Ex Blume. Their chemical stuctures were determined using several spectroscopic methods. In the bioassay examining cytotoxicity against cancer cells, both compounds showed cytotoxicity against P388, MCF-7 and T47D cancer cell lines. The IC50 values of 6-prenyl apigenin were 6.65, 19.75 and 313.61 Ug/mL higher than apigenin with IC50 14.13, 40.35 and 434.20 Ug/mL, respectively These results demonstrated that these compounds are promising candidates as anticancer agents. Keywords: Artocarpus elasticus Reinw. Ex Blume, apigenin, 6-prenyl

apigenin, anticancer



Antifusarium Properties of Lignans From

Phyllanthus niruri L.

Neneng Windayani1,*, Yaya Rukayadi2, Yana M. Syah2

1Department of Chemistry Education, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Jl. AH. Nasution No. 105 Bandung 40614, Indonesia

2Natural Product Chemistry Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Tenologi Bandung, Jl.Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132

Indonesia


In this study, two lignan compounds isolated from acetone extract of Phyllanthus niruri L. aerial parts were tested for their antimicrobial properties against plant pathogen fungal Fusarium oxysporum with a well agar plate diffusion method. A microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC). Microconidia germination inhibition assay performed using an agar diffusion method. Nirtetralin B (1) has MIC and MFC values of 4 and 16 g/mL, respectively; while the major compound, phyllanthin (2) showed a same MIC and MFC values of 16 g /mL. A further test on the microconidia germination inhibition of F. oxysporum showed that compound 2 inhibits 100% microconidia germination at a concentration of 2 x MIC, whereas for compound 1 at the same concentration was only able to inhibit 29% germination. This study has revealed that compound 2 is a potential new fungicide derived from a local medicinal plant. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanism of interaction between the test compounds with the fungal pathogen F. oxysporum for development of new antifungal agents. Keywords: Antifusarium, microconidia germination, nirtetralin B,

phyllanthin, Phyllanthus niruri L.



Secondary Metabolites from Colletotrichum

phyllanthi, an Endophytic Fungi from Stem of

Physalis peruviana: Their Antibacterial Activity and Evaluation of Media Culture

Amelinda Pratiwi*, Elvira Hermawati, Yana Maolana Syah

Natural Product Chemistry Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural

Sciences, Institut Tenologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132

Indonesia


Endophytic fungi is a microorganism that grows in plant tissue without giving any negative effect directly against its host. Phytochemistry studies from endophytic fungi have been widely reported and showed that the metabolites have excellent activities. The exploration of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi of Physalis peruviana well known as a cecendet has never been reported before. Therefore, this research aims to isolate the secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungi from stem of P. Peruviana. Five known compounds were isolated from MeOH and EtOAc extract of endophytic fungi Colletotrichum phyllanthi resulted two steroid compounds, ergosterol (1), and ergosterol peroxide (2), from MeOH extract of mycelia C. phyllanthi, and others compound from EtOAc extract of C. phyllanthi. The metabolites production of C. phyllanthi was influenced with composition of media cultures. In this research endophytic fungi was cultivated using Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) and Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) media. Two metabolites including tyrosol (3), and uridine (4) were produced by C. phyllanthi through PDB, and another compound that is 1-chloronaphtalene-2-ol (5) was isolated from endophytic fungi while treated by fermentation in TSB. Structure elucidation was achieved using spectroscopic data including 1D, 2D NMR and comparison with reported data. In the final stages of this research, extract and isolated metabolites were tested for antibacterial activity against two Gram-(+), and two Gram-(-) bacteria. The result of antibacterial assay showed that all of extract and isolated compounds were inactive. Our results provide a scientific


rationale for further explorations into metabolites from endophytic fungi of P. peruviana. Keywords: Colletotrichum phyllanthi, endophytic fungi, media

culture, Physalis peruviana



Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Fungi

Colletotrichum phyllanthi From Fruit Petals of

Physalis Peruviana and Their Antibacterial Activity Along with Evaluation of Epigenetic

Modifier Procaine Hydrochloride

Qivi Azizah, Elvira Hermawati, Yana Maolana Syah*

Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of

Matematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Technology Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia


Endophytic fungi produce some secondary metabolites with various

important bioactivities. Physalis is known as one of medicinal plant that

produces secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity. However,

secondary metabolites evaluation of endophytic fungi from this plant has

not been widely reported. Based on that fact, this study is aimed to

isolate endophytic fungi from fruit petals of Physalis peruviana, to isolate

its secondary metabolites, and to evaluate the effect of epigenetic

modifier addition, procaine hydrochloride into endophytic fungi media,

and its antibacterials activities. The isolation of endophytic fungi was

performed through sterillization, inoculation, and subcultur. In this

research, Colletotrichum phyllanthi as the endophytic fungi resulted five

known compounds including two compounds from methanol extract

namely ergosterol and ergosterol peroxide, and nicotinic acid from ethyl

acetate extract along with nectriapyrone and tyrosol from ethyl acetate

extract treated with procaine hydrochloride. The antibacterial activities

were conducted with amoxicillin (MIC 1,56 – 6,25 μg/mL). Extracts and all

isolated compounds showed value of MIC > 500 μg/mL and MIC >100 μg/mL,

respectively. These MIC values showed that the isolated compunds and

extracts were inactive. Moreover, it was also known that addition of

epigenetic modifier, procaine hydrochloride, gave influence in secondary

metabolites production. Structure elucidation of all compounds has been

done based on 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy data.

Keywords: Colletotrichum phyllanthi, endophytic fungi, epigenetic

modifier, Physalis peruviana



Synthesis of Acyl Quinolone Derivatives

Hanhan Dianhar*, Didin Mujahidin, Yana Maolana Syah

Natural Products Chemistry Chemistry Study Program Faculty of

Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganeca 10 Kota Bandung - West Java 40132 INDONESIA


Quinolone is one of important organic compound which has been used commercially for its antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiplatelets activities. Moreover, this compound was also reported to show very good optical properties. One of quinolone derivatives was known as 7-amino-4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one (1). This compound can be easily obtained from the reaction between m-phenylenediamine and ethyl acetoacetate. In this research, two acyl derivatives of 1 has been synthesized, which were identified as (N(1H)-7-(acetylamino)-4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one (2) and (N(1H)-7-(benzoylamino)-4- ethylquinolin-2(1H)-one (2), respectively. This research also discussed new synthesis method and proposed some corrections of 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy of misinterpreted data on previous study. Keywords: Acetyl, acyl, benzoyl, quinolone, NMR



Secondary Metabolites of Fusarium solani, an

Endophytic Fungus from Cryptocarya

pulchrinervia

Santi Amelia Sari, Euis Holisotan Hakim*

Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Organic Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Technology Bandung, Jalan

Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia


Endophytic fungi are microorganisms living in various plant tissues such

as roots, stems, leaves, branchs and seeds without causing negative

effect to the host plant. In this case, endophytic fungi can protect their

host plant by producing secondary metabolites. The ability of endophytic

fungi producing secondary metabolites can be used as alternative sources

in search of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study is to isolate the

secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus from the branch of

Crytocarya pulcrinervia that has not been previously investigated.

Isolation of endophytic fungi from the branch of C. pulcrinervia consists

of surface sterilization, inoculation and purification obtaining a single

strain of fungus with code Cp2. The endophytic fungus has been identified

based on genetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal

DNA. This identification showed that the single strain of CP.2 is Fusarium

solani. Cultivation of F. solani on 10 L potato dextrose borth (PDB) media

yielded MeOH extract (10 g) and EtOAc extract (1.2 g). Both of extracts

were fractionated and purified using various chromatography methods to

give 7 pure compounds. Characterization of all pure compounds has been

analyzed based on spectroscopy data, NMR 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D (HSQC

and HMBC). From MeOH extract were obtained steroid namely ergosta-

5,7,22-trien-3-ol (1), 5,8-dioxy-22-ergosta-6,22-dien-3-ol (2) and from

EtOAc extract were obtained fenolic compounds namely

dihydronaphthalenone (3), javanicin (4), fusarubin (5), 3-O-

methylfusarubin (6) and tyrosol (7). Tyrosol (7) was isolated from F.

solani for the first time.

Keywords: C. pulcrinervia, endophytic fungi, F. solani, secondary

metabolites



Species Inventory and Chemical Ecology of

Nudibranchia Molluscs in Bali

I Wayan Mudianta1,*, Ni Wayan Martiningsih1, I Gusti Ngurah Agung Suryaputra1, Gede Iwan Setiabudi2, Gede Ari Yudasmara2

1Study Program of Chemical Analysis, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha,

Singaraja 81116 2Department of Marine and Fisheries Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha,

Singaraja 81116 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Despite Balis diving industry, its underwater marine species richness, in particular Nudibranchia molluscs, has not been well investigated. Balinese underwater is the house of the richest documented nudibranch species in the world. However, reports on occurrence and chemical ecology of nudibranch from Bali are scarcely available. Herein we presented a survey of nudibranch species diversity in five stations around Padang Bay and Tulamben, Bali. A feeding deterrence assay on a dorid nudibranch Hypselodoris infucata was also for the first time carried out using commercially available shrimps Penaeus vannamei. The nudibranch specimens were collected by hand using SCUBA at depth 10-25 m, underwater and surface pictures were also documented as well as the substrates where the species were observed. The palatability assay was carried out by reproducing previous method reported by Mollo et al. 2008. During the survey, 154 individual specimens were collected, and they were classified into 20 families and 75 species. The largest group was suborder Doridina (52%), followed by the suborder Aeolidina (25). The Chromodorididae, Glaucidae, and Polyceridae were the most dominant families. In addition, most of the nudibranchs were found in association with sponges (42%), hydroid (33%), and coral rubble (5%). The palatability assay was performed on (-)-furodysinin, a major furanosesquiterpene that composed the extract of H. infucata and H. tryoni. The furanosesquiterpene were identified and then purified by AgNO3-impregnated flash column chromatography. The shrimp displayed food rejection at natural concentration of 3 mg/mL.


In conclusion, Balinese water has been a home for diverse nudibranch species, and studies on their chemical ecology could potentially expand the knowledge on nudibranch and their associated prey. Keywords: Nudibranch, chemical ecology, natural products, Bali



Purification and Characterization of

Polyphenol Oxidase Extracts from Rejected

Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Anceu Murniati1,*, Buchari Buchari2, Suryo Gandasasmita2, Zeily Nurachman3, Khomaini Hasan4, Rolita Maheshi1

1Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jl. Terusan Jenderal Sudirman, Cimahi,

Indonesia 2Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural

Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia

3Biochemistry Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung

40132, Indonesia 4Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jl. Terusan Jenderal

Sudirman, Cimahi, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is an oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation reaction of monophenol and oxidation of o-diphenol to o-quinone. In this study, PPO from rejected purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) has been purified with four stages: (1) extraction of PPO; (2) ion exchange chromatography; (3) hydrophobic interaction chromatography and (4) dialysis. PPO activity was stable in a phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 and 0.25 M with catechol as a substrate. The activity has been measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer based on the initial rate decrease of catechol concentration. PPO activity from four stages of purification, resulting data of 3.46; 4.24; 16.97 and 33.93 U/mL, with protein content by Bradford method is 1.85; 2.54; 18.45; and 226.20 mg/mL, specific activity is 1.87; 1.67; 0.92; and 0.15 U/mg, and the achievement of purification is 1; 1.37; 9.97 and 122.25. PPO molecular weight is 99.12 kDa, based on the analysis of SDS-PAGE. Keywords: PPO extracts, purification, catechol, purple eggplant



Isolation and Identification of Aromatic

Compounds from the Stem Bark of

Calophyllum castaneum

Muhammad Widyo Wartono, Lia Dewi Juliawaty, Yana Maolana Syah*

Kimia Organik Bahan Alam, Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA, Institut Teknologi

Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No.10 Bandung


Calophyllum is one of the major genera of the Clusiaceae family. 180 species of this genus grow in tropical Asia and America. There are about 84 species of Calophyllum grow in Indonesia, but there are still little number of them have been explored for their chemical contents. In this report, we have isolated six compounds from acetone extract of C. castaneum stem bark collected from West Kalimantan. Fractionation and purification of the acetone extract took advantage of several chromatography methods. Isolated compounds have been identified by using spectroscopy methods such as NMR and mass spectroscopy. Analysis of the NMR spectrum resulted in six aromatic compounds that have been identified as apetalic acid (1), apetalic acid methyl ester (2), isoapetalic acid (3), isocordato-oblongic acid (4), isorecedensolide (5) and caloxanthone C (6). Keywords: C. castaneum, Clusiaceae, chromanone acid, xanthone,

coumarin



Triterpenoids from the Bark of Chisocheton

patens Blume (Meliaceae)

Wiro Naibaho1, Supriatno1, Nurlelasari1, Unang Supratman1,2,*, Yoshihito Shiono3


Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia. 2Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

3Department of Food, Life, and Environmental Science, Faculty of

agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Two new euphane-type triterpenoids, chisopatens A (1) and chisopatens B (2), were isolated from the n-hexane extract of the bark of Chisocheton patens Blume. The chemical structures of compound 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation. Compound 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 4.01 and 6.98 µM, respectively. Keywords: Chisocheton patens Blume, triterpenoids, chisopatens A-

B, cytotoxic activity.



Potential Antioxidant of Etlingera Elatior

(Jack) Based on Its Variety and Place of

Growth

Asep Supriadin1,*, Cecep Hidayat2, Liberty Chaidir2, Opik Taupik K2, Yaya Rukayadi3

UIN SUNAN GUNUNG DJATI BANDUNG


In Indonesia, kecombrang [Etlingera elatior (Jack)] is widely used as functional foods and herbal medicine. This research is to know the content of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of metanol extract of kecombrang [Etlingera elatior (Jack)] from the leaves, stems and rhizomes, either from green varieties or red varieties. The plants were taken from different environmental places, one was from middle plateau (in Sukabumi 600-700 m above sea level) and the other was from lowland (in Pangandaran <200 m above sea level). The antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH by uv-vis spectrophotometry method at 517 nm. The IC50 values of Pangandaran samples: green stem (39.18 ppm), green leaf (57.96 ppm), green rhizome (59.41 ppm), red rhizome (83.42 ppm), red leaf (230.61 ppm), and red stem (700.19 ppm). While the IC50 values of Sukabumi samples: green stem (30.1053 ppm), green leaf (9.7912 ppm), green rhizome (74.9262 ppm) and green flower (36.3076 ppm). The conclusion, there was correlation between secondary metabolite content versus its environment growth. Keywords: Kecombrang, Etlingera elatior, variety



Antioxidant and Cytotoxic -Pyrones from

Cryptocarya konishii Hayata

Fera Kurniadewi1,*, Richard Anugerah Tigor1, Muktiningsih1, Irma Ratnakartika1, Euis Holisotan Hakim2, Lia Dewi Juliawaty2

1Chemistry Study Program, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jalan Pemuda 10,

Jakarta 13220, Indonesia 2Chemistry Study Program, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganeca 10,

Bandung 40132, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Two -pyrone compounds, cryptofolione (1) and cryptofolione ketone (2), have been isolated from chloroform fraction of the leaves of Cryptocarya konishii Hayata. The structures of these compounds were determined based on the analysis of spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR. Isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against murine leukemia P-388 cells showing that cryptofolione (1) was the most active compound with IC50 was 0.84 g/mL. The antioxidant activity of 1 and 2 against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), showing their IC50 2.59 x 104 ppm and 1.28 x 109 ppm, respectively. The result of antioxidant activity showed that the isolated compounds have very low activity as an antioxidant. Keywords: Cryptocarya, pyrones, cytotoxic, antioxidant



Isolation and Bioactivity of Steroids Isolates

from Petroleum Ether Fraction of Chlorella sp.

Microalgae

A. Ghanaim Fasya1,*, Nuria Millati1, Laily Maghfiroh Rahmawati1, Roikhatul Iyani1, A. Hanapi1, Rachmawati Ningsih1, Dewi Yuliani1,

and Dewi Sinta Megawati2

1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas

Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang 2Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The State

Islamic University Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang


Chlorella sp. is one of Allah creation that have many advantages. Chlorella sp. contain steroids compound that potential as anticancer and antioxidant. The aim of this research is to isolate and to know the bioactiviy (toxicity level and antioxidant activity) of steroids compounds in petroleum eter (PE) fraction of Chlorella sp. Chlorella sp. was cultivated in 4% of Tauge Extract Medium (TEM) and harvested at 10th day (stationary phase). Microalgae Chlorella sp. was extracted by maceration using methanol solvent. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed with 2 N of HCl and then partitioned with petroleum ether sovents. Petroleum ether fraction was identified by LC-MS to know kinds of steroids compound. The steroids compound from petroleum ether fraction was separated with preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and Column Chromatography. The toxicity level of steroids isolates was determined by BSLT method and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method. Phytochemicals test and identification by LC-MS showed that Chlorella sp. microalgae petroleum ether fraction was positive containing steroid compounds (-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and eritrodiol). Steroid isolates obtained from TLC and column chromatography have some bioctivities. The toxicity and antioxidant test showed that LC50 value of TLC isolates was 19.69 ppm and column chromatography isolates (A10 and A12) were 26,67 and 49.04 ppm. EC50 value of TLC isolates was 73.82 ppm and


antioxidant activity of A10 and A12 at 50 ppm were 4.52 dan 3.29 %. Keywords: Petroleum ether fraction, Chlorella sp., steroid, TLC and

column chromatography, antioxidant and toxicity



Antibacterial Activity of Dichloromethane and

Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Bintaro Leaf

(Cerbera manghas, Linn) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Muhammad Yanis Musdja1,*, Chadidjah1, Ira Djajanegara1

Department of Pharmacy State Islamic University, Jakarta


The leaf and fruit of bintaro or sea mango (Cerbera manghas, Linn) are known very toxic, where by some people in Southeast Asia and South Asia they are used as fish poison, rat poison and to treat some diseases, such as pain, diabetes, gastrointestinal, fever, malaria and infectious diseases. This study aims to determine the potential of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of sea mango (Cerbera manghas, linn) leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The leaves of Cerbera manghas, Linn were obtained from Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Plants (BALITRO) Bogor, Indonesia. Sea mango leaves were extracted by multistage extraction using dichloromethane and ethyl acetate solvents. The obtained extracts were prepared with concentrations of 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, and 30 mg/mL. Bioassay were carried out against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by using paper disc and dilution methods. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined and ampicillin antibiotic was used as a comparison. In these cases, was obtained the MIC values of ethyl acetate extract against E. coli and S. aureus were 5 mg/mL and 2,5 mg/mL, respectively and for dichloromethane extract were 2.5 mg/mL and 1.5 mg/mL, respectively, while the MBC values of ethyl acetate extract against E. coli and S. aureus were 10 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL, respectively and for dichloromethane extract were 5 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. For 10 - 30 mg/mL extract of ethyl acetate has an equal value with 26.12 – 36.20 µg/mL ampicillin in against E. coli and 10.37 – 15.55Ã, µg/mL in against S. aureus, respectively. Concentration of


10 - 30 mg/mL extract of dichloromethane has the same value with 20.55 – 34.98 µg/mL l ampicillin in against E. coli and 5.17 – 13.4 µg/mL in against S. aureus, respectively. Based on the results obtained, extracts of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane of sea mango (Cerbera manghas, Linn) leaves have antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E coli, where, extracts dichloromethane leaves of sea mango has antibacterial activity with a little stronger than the extract ethyl acetate sea mango leaves. Keywords: Antibacterial, Cerbera manghas, E. coli, S. aureus, sea

mango



n-Hexane Fraction of Moringa oleifera

Leaves Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle

Arrest on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Line

Riza Apriani, Tati Herlina, Shabarni Gaffar*

Department of chemistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia


Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera) is one of the medicinal plants used

in traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. Several studies

have reported that water and alcoholic leaves extracts of M. oleifera

have anti proliferative activity in some cancer cell line, including

HepG2 liver cancer cells, A549 lung cancer cells, Caco-2 colon cancer

cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, but study on T47D breast

cancer cells has not reported yet. This study aims to determine the

anticancer activity of M. oleifera leaves against T47D breast cancer

cells. The M. oleifera leaves was extracted using ethanol, then

fractionated with n-hexane. The cytotoxic effect was determined

using MTT assay method. Based on preliminary MTT assay, T47D

treated with n-hexane fraction of M. oleifera (hMO) demonstrated a

medium cytotoxic effect and inhibited cell proliferation with an IC50

value of 235.58 µg/mL. Detection of apoptosis using Annexin V-

fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) showed that hMO induced apoptosis

mediated cell death in slow manner. In addition, hMO was also induce

cell cycle arrest on G0-G1 and G2-M phase. Immunocytochemistry

assay showed that the hMO decreased expression of anti apoptosis

protein, Bcl-2, and cell cycle regulator protein, Cyclin D1, in dose

dependent manner.

Keywords: hMO, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, T47D.



Extraction of Bixin from Anatto Seeds with

Microwave

Erdawati1* and Rita Sundari2 1Dept of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Jakarta

2Dept of mechanical Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta *Corresponding author: [email protected]

This study aims to determine the effect of extraction time (5,10,15 minutes) and the ratio of the aquadest solvent: ethyl acetate (1: 6.5, 1: 7, 1: 8 v / v) to the yield of pigment . The optimum condition was found on the ratio of solvent of distilled water: ethyl acetate (1: 7 v / v) extraction time for 15 minutes with low microwave power resulted in maximum pigment yield of 0.469%. The isolate compounds were analyzed using IR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) showed that the isolates were bixine pigments having molecular weight of 394 g / mol with wave numbers for OH groups, C = O carboxylate groups, CH bonds, duplicate C = C, and CO ester bonds. As well as showing the retention time of standard and standard pigments at minutes to 12.849 and 12.843. Keywords: extraction, bixin, annatto



Formulation of Peel Off Mask Gel of Arabica

Green Coffee (Coffea arabica L) Extract as

Antioxidant

Aji Najihudin*, Retty Handayani, Nuniek Nurwahyuni

Universitas Garut *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The formulation of peel off gel mask of ethanol extract of Arabica green coffee (Coffea arabica L) as antioxidant had been done. The purpose of this research was to prepare of peel off gel mask of ethanol extract of Arabica green coffee that gave the activity of antioxidants with good physical stability. Phytochemical screening results showed that Arabica green coffee contains of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and quinones. Antioxidant activity of ethanol extract using DPPH method was showed at 59,49 g/ml. The orientation of the base gel showed that the preparation with 10% viscolam had good physical stability. Peel off gel mask were made of 10% viscolam and arabica green coffee extract at concentration of 0.6; 0.9 and 1.2%. The stability of this sample was determined by observing the organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, and homogeneity, dry time and spread power. Antioxidant test showed that antioxidant activity of each preparations was 95.18; 89.32; and 86.02 g/mL on day 0 and 115.36; 118.88; 127.42 g/mL on day 28, respectively. Physical evaluation results indicated that peel off the mask gel was relatively stable based on the parameter of organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, dry time and spread power during the storage process. The safety test showed that the preparation of peel off gel mask did not cause irritation. The peel off gel mask with 0.9% concentration was the most preferred mask of all. Keywords: Coffee, peel off gel mask, viscolam, extract of Arabica

green coffee (Coffea arabica L), antioxidant



Phytochemistry of Cryptocarya crassinervia

(Lauraceae)

Dian Nugraheni*, Lia Dewi Juliawaty, Yana Maolana Syah

Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Program Study of Chemistry,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganeca 10, Bandung 40132 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Cryptocarya is one of the large genera in Lauraceae family and it consists about 327 species. Cryptocarya has economic values for building materials, pulps, and has been used as traditional medicines. Based on literatures, Cryptocarya contains flavonoids, -pirones, and alkaloids as major compounds, along with lactones, stilbenes, phenyl propanoids, lignans, neolignans, coumarins, and terpenoids. In addition, the bioactivity assay of extracts of different tissues of Cryptocarya showed antiviral, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antiinflammatory, anti-Alzheimer, and antigermination activities. Cryptocarya crassinervia belongs to Cryptocarya genus. Though Cryptocarya genus has various compounds and interesting bioactivities, chemical study on C. crassinervia is still limited. Therefore, the objective of this research was to isolate the secondary metabolites from methanol extract of leaves of C. crassinervia. One pyrone and three flavonoid glycosides (afzelin, kaempferitrin, kuersitrin,) have been isolated and identified. The isolation and purification compounds were carried out through gravitational column chromatography and radial chromatography. While, the chemical structures of those compounds have been determined by spectroscopic 1D-NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and 2D-NMR (HMBC and HSQC). Keywords: Cryptocarya crassinervia, flavonoid, pyrone, Lauraceae



Cytotoxicity and Structure-Activity

Relationship of Dammarane-Type

Triterpenoids from Aglaia Species Against P-388 Murine Leukemia Cells

Desi Harneti1,*, Ace Tatang Hidayat1,2, Nurlelasari1, Rani Maharani1, Tri Mayanti1, Kindi Farabi1, Julinton Sianturi1, Khalijah Awang3, and

Unang Supratman1,2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia. 2Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363,

Sumedang, Indonesia. 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,

Kualalumpur 50603, Malaysia.


The cytotoxic structure-activity relationships among a series of dammarane-type triterpenoids from Aglaia species were studied against P-388 murine leukemia cells. Twelve dammarane-type triterpenoids were identified as aglinone (1), aglinin A (2), aglinin B (3), aglinin C (4), aglinin D (5), aglinin E (6), 20S, 24S,25-Hydroxy-3-hydroxyepicotillol (7), eichlerianic acid (8), isoeichlerialactone(9), dammar-20,25-diene-3,24-diol (10), dammar-20S,5,24-en,3,20-diol (11), and 25-methoxy-5-dammar-20-en-3,24-diol (12) were isolated from the bark of three Aglaia species. Among the dammarane-type triterpenoids, dammar-20,25-diene-3,24-diol (10), showed strongest cytotoxic activity. The structure-activity relationship study revealed that closed of A-ring and opened of side ring were important structural feature for cytotoxic activity. Keywords: Aglaia, cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationship,

dammarane, triterpenoids



Isolation of Three Flavanones and a Phenolic

Compound from the Leaves of Macaranga hypoleuca (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) M�̈�ll.Arg.

Hamizah Muhamad Nazeri1,2,*, Norizan Ahmat1,2

1Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor

D.E. Malaysia 2Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti

Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E. Malaysia


Macaranga is a large genus belongs to Euphorbiaceae family, which commonly distributed in the tropical region of Africa, South-East Asia, China, and India. The plant of this genus contains flavonoids and stilbenes bearing various terpenyl groups including prenyl, geranyl and farnesyl groups. The leaves of M. hypoleuca were collected from reserved forest UiTM Jengka Pahang, Malaysia, and the dried powdered leaves were macerated in methanol at room temperature. Then the crude methanol extract was subjected to liquid-liquid partition using n-hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction was semi purified using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) to give nine major fractions (MHL1-MHL9). Fraction MHL3 was further purified by column chromatography (CC) and preparative thin layer chromatography (p-TLC) to give two pure compounds, sakuranetin (1) and 8-prenylnaringenin (2). Meanwhile, fraction MHL6 was purified using column chromatography (CC) and p-TLC to yield another two pure compounds, 6-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl) naringenin (3) and 3,4-dihydrobenzoic acid (4). The chemical structure of these isolated compounds was determined based on their 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and MS spectral data. From this study, three flavanones and one phenolic compound were isolated from the leaves of M. hypoleuca. Keywords: Euphorbiaceae, flavonoid, Macaranga hypoleuca, phenolic compound.



Pyrone derivatives from the leaves of

Cryptocarya nitens (Lauraceae)

Risa Erlinda Octarina, Megawati, Suzany Dwi Ellita, Elvira Hermawati, Yana Maolana Syah, and Lia Dewi Juliawaty*

Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia


Cryptocarya is a genus of Lauraceae family, which grows in Asia, Australia

dan Melanesia. In Indonesia, it is locally known as “huru” or “medang”.

This genus has been used as building materials, pulp in paper industries,

and traditional medicines. The use of this genus made the phytochemistry

of Cryptocarya is interesting to study. It has been known that

Cryptocarya contains various secondary metabolites belong to pyrones,

flavonoids, alkaloids, stilbenes, lignans, terpenoids, steroids and

carboxylic acids types. One of Indonesian Cryptocarya is Cryptocarya

nitens growing in Bogor Botanical Garden. Previous research has been

shown the presence of yangambin from the stem bark. Therefore, this

research will explain about the phytochemistry and cytotoxic activity of

the compounds isolated from methanol extract of leaves of Cryptocarya

nitens. The isolation was conducted by several steps including

fractionation and purification process using various chromatography

techniques, such as vacuum liquid chromatography, gravity column

chromatography and radial column chromatography. Based on NMR

analysis, optical rotation and comparing to literature data, two

compounds were suggested to be diastereomer of cryptocaryalactone,

i.e. (+)-(6R,2’S)-cryptocaryalactone and (+)-(6R,2’R)-

cryptocaryalactone. While other compound determined as (+)-(6R,2’R)-

deacetylcryptocaryalactone. All compounds were isolated for the first

time from Indonesian Cryptocarya, however they have been obtained

priorly from other Cryptocarya species, i.e. C. bourdillonia, C. liebertiana,

C. moschata, and C. wyliei. The cytotoxic activity showed that (+)-

(6R,2’S)-cryptocaryalactone and (+)-(6R,2’R)-cryptocaryalactone have a

significant activity on P-388 cells.

Keywords: Cryptocarya nitens, pyrone, cryptocaryalactone,

deacetylcryptocaryalactone



The Cytotoxicity of Compounds Isolated from

the Leaves of Cryptocarya pulchrinervia

(Lauraceae)

Pramukti Nawar Raidah1, Syawal Abdurahman1, Suzany Dwi Ellita1, Elvira Hermawati1, Hayato Ishikawa2, Yana M. Syah1, Lia Dewi

Juliawaty1,*

1Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology,

Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555,

Japan *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Cryptocarya is an evergreen tree belongs to Lauraceae family that is mainly distributes in tropical region in Asia, Australia, Africa, and America. The phytochemistry of Indonesian Cryptocarya has been reported and it is shown that the secondary metabolites from this genus have high bioactivities particularly as anti-cancer. Hence, this research is focused on the cytotoxicity against P-388 cells of compounds isolated from leaves of Cryptocarya pulchrinervia. The cytotoxicity test against P-388 leukemia cells is one of reccommended test by NCI in discovery of leading compounds for future anti-cancer drugs. The isolation of compounds has been carried out by several separation methods including extraction, chlorophyll separation, and purification by using various chromatographic techniques. The compounds structures were determined mainly by NMR and MS data. In this research, five compounds were obtained from acetone extract and suggested as CP-2 1, (S)-rugulactone 2 and CP-4 3 (pyrone derivatives), along with pinocembrin 4 (flavonoid derivative), and N-trans-feruloyltyramine 5 (amide derivative). The finding of compound 1, 2, and 3 is found to be the first time from plants. However, the enantiomer of 2, (R)-rugulactone, has been previously isolated from C. rugulosa. Meanwhile, compound 4 and 5 have also been reported


from other species, i.e. C. strictifolia and C. massoy. The acetone extract and pyrones compounds showed significant result on P-388 cells. Keywords: Cryptocarya pulchrinervia, pyrones, cytotoxicity, P-388

cells



Flavonoids from the Stem Bark of Akway

(Drymis beccariana Gibs) and Their Cytotoxic

Activity Against Leukemia P388 Cell Lines

Tati Herlina1,*, Ida Wati1, Dikdik Kurnia1, Apriani Sulu Parubak2


Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Sumedang, West Java,

Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Universitas Negri Papua, Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia *Correspondent author: [email protected]

High consumption of flavonoids has been associated with a decrease risk of cancer. Akway (Drimys beccariana Gibbs) is an endemic plant to Papua highlands placed in Manokwari. D. beccariana have been widely used in traditional medicine in West Papua. This study was performed to observe the cytotoxic activity of flavonoids from D. beccariana, towards leukemia cancer P388 cells. The cytotoxic activity of flavonoids was tested using MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The methanol extract of D. beccariana was dissolved in water and partitioned between hexane and ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extract was separated through several column chromatography techniques on silica gel, resulting in three known compounds (1-3). The chemical structures of compounds 1-3 were identified based on spectroscopic data and on comparison with data previously reported and identified as 5,4ˈ-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-penthylflavone (1), 5-hydroxy-7,4ˈ-dimethoxy-3ˈ-penthylflavone (2), and 5,4ˈ-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3ˈ-

3,7-dimethyil-2-octanoneflavone (3). Compounds (1-3) showed cytotoxic activity against leukemia P388 cell lines with IC50 values of 13.92, 21.71, and 44.73 micro Molar, respectively. The D. beccariana is a promising source of anticancer agents, and merits further investigation. Keywords: Flavonoids, leukemia P388 cell lines, Drimys beccariana

Gibbs



Prenylated Flavonoid Isolated from

Macaranga mappa

Akhmad Darmawan*, Sofa Fajriah, Megawati, Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung, Rizna Triana Dewi

Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)


Glyasperin A (3), a dihydroflavonol derivative compound, together with two steroid derivatives, -sitosterol (1) and -sitosterol-glucoside (2), were isolated from the methanol extract of Macaranga mappa leaves. The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data including IR, LC-ESI-MS and NMR spectra. Cytotoxicity evaluation of compound 3 against three different cancer cell lines P-388, T47D and MCF-7, showed potential activity as anticancer compounds with IC50 values of 1.67, 144.95, and 36.83 g/mL, respectively. Keywords: Macaranga mappa, glyasperin A, anticancer



The Cytotoxic Activity of Erythrina

poeppigiana Stem Barks Extract Against

Breast Cancer MCF-7

Nurul Ambardhani1, Johan Dani W1, Cindy Melinda S2, Tati Herlina1,*


Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363 Sumedang, Indonesia 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363 Sumedang, Indonesia


A traditional medicine from plants has been used as an alternative treatment apart from medical drugs. Erythrina poeppigiana has been used for relieving fever, infections, and anticancer diseases. E. poeppigiana contains alkaloid compounds as a major compound. The aim of this study is to identify the alkaloid from methanol extracts of E. poeppigiana stem barks against the MCF-7 cell line. The stem bark of E. poeppigiana was extracted by methanol and fractionated using dichloromethane, which was guided by Dragendorff reagent. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were tested for the anticancer activity against breast cancer MCF-7 cell by using MTT method. The methanol extracts yielded alkaloid compound and anticancer activity of the alkaloid against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line gave IC50 5.9 ppm. The stem bark of E. poeppigiana is potential as the breast anticancer herbal medicines. Keywords: Alkaloid, breast cancer MCF-7, Erythrina poeppigiana



Synthesis of Linear Tetrapeptide PLAI and Its

Analogues by Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis

with Their Antibacterial Activity

Orin Inggriani Napitupulu1,2, Dadan Sumiarsa1, Ace tatang Hidayat1, Toto Subroto1, Rani Maharani1,2,*

1Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Science Faculty, Universitas

Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor Kabupaten

Sumedang Jawa Barat 45363 2Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung

Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang Jawa Barat 45363


Tetrapeptides have been known to have interesting biological activities such as antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, and antitumor. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of peptides, which have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and are not susceptible to resistance. One of the AMPs from the class of tetrapeptides is cyclo-NH-Pro-Leu-Ala-Ile-OH (c-PLAI), isolated from marine bacteria Pseudomonas sp. In this study, linear peptide of PLAI was synthesised and derived into its analogues, NH-Pro-Lys-Ala-Ile-OH (PKAI) and NH-Pro- Leu-Pro-Ile-OH (PLPI) for the purpose to obtain analogues of PLAI with higher antibacterial activity. PLAI and analogues were tested for their biological activity towards E. coli and S. aureus. Synthesis of PLAI and analogues were undertaken through solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method employing 2-chlorotrytilchloride (Trt) resin, Fmoc-protected amino acids, and HATU/HOAt coupling reagent. A cocktail of 20%TFA in dichloromethane was used to cleaved the peptides from resin. The synthesized products were purified using semi-preparative RP-MPLC and analyzed by analytical RP-HPLC. PLAI was obtained for 26.6% yield; PKAI was obtained for 29.1% yield and PLPI was obtained for 22.9 % yield. Tetrapeptides were characterized using HRTOFMS ES+ with [M + H]+ = 413,1010 (PLAI); [M + H]+ = 428.2958 (PKAI); [M + H]+ = 439,2973 (PLPI), and PKAI was also confirmed by NMR. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity assay of PLAI, PKAI, and PLPI


was carried out through diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer. Inhibitory zone results of PLAI is 8.0 mm, 7.0 mm; PKAI is 12.0 mm, 11.0 mm; and PLPI is 10.0 mm, 8.5 mm, against E. coli bacteria (Gram negative) and S. aureus (Gram positive), respectively. Keywords: Antibacterial peptides, c-PLAI, solid-phase peptide

synthesis, tetrapeptide.



Resveratrol Oligomers of Indonesian Shorea

(Dipterocarpaceae)

Rosmawaty, Lia Dewi Juliawaty, Yana Maolana Syah*

Chemistry, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung

40132 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Six known compounds had been isolated from stem bark of Shorea leprosula. Except bergenin (1), there are five derivatives of resveratrol oligomer, which are three resveratrol dimers, laevifonol

(2), trans-𝜀-viniferin (3), and shoreaphenol (4), and two resveratrol

tetramers, shoreaketone (5) and hopeaphenol (6). The six compounds were obtained through several fractionations and purifications steps using various chromatographic techniques. Structure determination of six isolated compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data i.e. NMR 1D (1H and 13C) and NMR 2D (HSQC and HMBC). Keywords: Indonesian Shorea, resveratrol oligomers, Shorea



Pongacin from Tephrosia Vogelii as

Antibacterial Compound against Vibrio

Harveyi, Vibrio Alginolyticus and Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

Eri Bachtiar1,2,*, Yana Maolana Syah1, Lia Dewi Juliawaty1

1Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Bandung Institute of Technology. Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 2Marine Science Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences,

Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor Bandung UBR 40600


Marine and fishery sector is one of the mainstay sources in the production of fishery development in Indonesia. To achieve the production target as expected, there are various problems inhibiting efforts to increase production, such as failure of production due to epidemic diseases on the pathogenic shrimp by Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria. Attempts to find antibacterial compounds have been widely practiced, although the resulting product may cause new problems. One of the plants that can be used as a source of antibacterial compounds is Indonesian medicinal plants. The objective of this research was to isolate chemical component from Tephrosia vogelii seed as a source of active compounds against V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, and V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. The extract material was prepared by the maceration method using acetone solvent, and acetone extract was then fractionated and purified by various chromatographic techniques, including vacuum liquid chromatography (KCV) and radial chromatography (KR). The antibacterial test was performed by diffusion method. This study has successfully isolated the pongacin compound from the extract of acetone Tephrosia vogelii seed. Determination of the structure of the compound was performed based on spectroscopic data, which covered the spectra of 1H NMR and 13C NMR, as well as comparison of such data with similar data from the literature. Bioactivity test showed that pongacin have


inhibitory power values against V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, and V. parahaemolyticus bacteria with respective 6.28 (mm), 6.48 (mm), and 6.63 (mm). The present invention thus completes similar chemical data to the plant or to the genus Tephrosia in general. Keywords: V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus,

Tephrosia vogelii, tiger shrimp



Anticancer Activity of Sourshop (Annona

muricata Linn.) Leave Extract Loaded on NaX

Zeolite Againts Breast Cancer T47D

Elok Kamilah Hayati1,*, Susi Nurul Khalifah1, Fifti Zuyyina Lilbaiq1

1Chemistry Department Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang


Soursop leave extract that was loaded on zeolite NaX has been tested on anticancer breast T-4TD assay. Determination of IC50 value has been carried out using MTT method. Soursop leaves were extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The ethanol extract was introduced on NaX zeolite using dry impregnation method with ratio of 1:10; 5:10 and 10:10. Samples were analyzed by FTIR and tested for their anticancer activity using MTT method. Phytochemical test results of ethanolic extract showed that it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and triterpenoids. The result of characterization using FTIR indicated that all samples showed new absorption peak at wave number of 2925,277 cm-1 and 2855,833 cm-

1 representing the presence of asymmetry and stretchable CSP3-H groups on the soursop extract spectra. The results showed that an effective comparison inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells was 5:10 with an IC50 value of 67.343 g/mL. These results indicated that the extract on NaX zeolite with a ratio of 5:10 is more effective as an anticancer towards breast cells (T-47D) than untreated extract showing IC50 value of 83.6 g/mL. Keywords: Annona muricata Linn., NaX zeolite, dry impregnation,

breast cancer cells T-47D, MTT method



HUVECs Proliferation Inhibitory Activity and

Cytotoxic Activity of Phenolic Constituents

from Garcinia mangostana

Elvira Hermawati1,*, Lia D. Juliawaty1, Yana M. Syah1, Euis H. Hakim1, Kaoru Kinoshita2, Miyuki Fukai2, Kunio Takahashi2,

Kiyotaka Koyama2

1Natural Product Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural

Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132,

Indonesia. 2Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical

University, Noshio 2-522-1, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Malignant tumors or cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world. One species of plants that produce potential anticancer compounds is Garcinia mangostana or “manggis”, which belongs to family Guttiferae. The phytochemical studies showed that G. mangostana is a source of xanthone-derivatives secondary metabolites. In bioactivity studies, a number of xanthones have shown various biological activities such as antitumor. Based on these backgrounds, this research was conducted including isolation of secondary metabolites from pericarp of G. mangostana and the structure elucidation of isolated compounds based on spectroscopic data. In addition, cytotoxic assay was also carried out againts murine leukemia P-388 cell and HUVEC (Human Umbilical Vein Endotelial Cells) proliferation inhibitory assay. The isolation of secondary metabolites involved a number of laboratories works, including extraction with CHCl3, fractionation and purification of pure compounds using various chromatographic techniques by means of gravitational chromatography and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The structures of isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic data, i.e. 1D-NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and 2D-NMR (HMQC, HMBC and COSY). In this research, six compounds have successfully isolated and characterized as -mangostin (1), -mangostin (2), -mangostin (3), 8-deoxygartanin


(4), gartanin (5) and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (6). Evaluation of inhibitory effects on proliferation of HUVECs from all compounds showed that -mangostin (2) is the most active compound with IC50 value of < 1.0 µg/mL. Gartanin (5) from preliminary cytotoxic evaluation against murine leukemia P-388 cells showed the highest activity with IC50 value of 1.3 µg/mL. Keywords: Garcinia mangostana, xanthone, HUVEC proliferation, P-388 cells



Two Chalcone Derivatives From The Tree

Bark of Cryptocarya morotaiense

Dian Angrianis, Muktiningsih, Hanhan Dianhar, Irma Ratna Kartika, Fera Kurniadewi*

Chemistry Studi Program, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jalan Rawamangun

Muka, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia


Two chalcone derivatives, cryptocaryone (1) and infectocaryone (2), had been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the tree bark of Cryptocarya morotaiense collecting from Papua Island, a species which has not been investigated by other workers. The chemical structure of isolated compounds was identified based on its spectroscopic data, including UV and NMR. The cytotoxic effect against P-388 cells showed compounds 1 and 2 have very strong inhibition activity (IC50 < 2.0 mg/mL). Keywords: Cryptocarya morotaiense, chalcone, cytotoxic



The inhibitory Power of Ethanol Extracts of

Aloe vera Skin on Bacteria Growth Proteus

sp.

Ana Hidayati Mukaromah*, Sri Sinto Dewi, Dita Randan

D4 Health Analyst study program, Faculty of Nursing and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Jl. Kedungmundu Raya 18

Semarang, Indonesia


Aloe vera skin contents include anthraquinone, saponin and flanovoid which functions as antibacterial. Proteus sp. is a short rod-shaped gram negative, has no spores and is not a capsule which can cause urinary tract infection (UTI). Growth of Proteus sp. bacteria can it be inhibited by natural ingredients such as the skin of aloe vera leaves. The aim of this study was to analyze Aloe vera leaf extract with variations of extract weight of 200 mg, 250 mg, 300 mg and 350 mg in inhibiting Proteus sp. The object of this research is the skin of aloe vera leaves, with the method of antibacterial testing, namely the method of wells. The results showed aloe vera extract with a variation of 200 mg extract weight could not inhibit Proteus sp. whereas the variation of extract weight of 250 mg, 300 mg and 350 mg can inhibit Priteus sp. with an average inhibition zone of 3.33 mm; 16.33 mm and 19.33 mm. Comparative control was 25 mg of chloramphenicol to form a 30.00 mm inhibition zone diameter. There is a difference in the average diameter of the inhibitory zone between weight variations of 200 mg, 250 mg, 300 mg and 350 mg of aloe vera bark extract against the growth of Proteus sp. Keywords: antibacterial, ethanol extract of aloe vera skin, Proteus

sp. the inhibitory Power



Extrinsic pathway apoptosis caused by

formalin-containing fish: normalization of

TNFa overexpression by chlorophyllin

Alfonds Andrew Maramis*, Johanna Zusye Wantania

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Manado (UNIMA), Campus of UNIMA at Tondano, Minahasa,

95618, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Formalin is still often used by some food processing manufacturers as preservatives even though it can cause health problems. Formalin can cause toxic effects from the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, even organism levels. Our previous research shows that exposure to formalin-containing food can increase the number of liver cells of mice that express tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa, one of the protein responsible for apoptosis through extrinsic death receptor pathway) even since mice were exposed from the second day. This study aims to see the efficacy of chlorophyllin in suppressing the increase in the number of liver cells of mice that express TNFa due to exposure to formalin-containing fish. The expression of TNFa was determined using immunohistochemical techniques, then analyzed using two-way ANOVA with type factor and exposure time as independent variables. The exposure type consisted of: negative control (NC), formalin-containing fish (FF), formalin-containing fish plus chlorophyllin (FFChln), and chlorophyllin (Chln), while the exposure time consisted of: 0, 2, 14, and 62 days. The results of data analysis according to the type of exposure factor showed that the number of liver cells that expressed TNFa in the FF group was significantly higher than the other groups. Furthermore, according to the time of exposure factor the number of liver cells that expressed TNFa in the 0 day group was significantly lower than the other groups. Keywords: TNFa, formalin-containing fish, chlorophyllin



Secondary Metabolite Chisocheton Plant

(Meliaceae) In North Sulawesi As Well As

Cytoxyte Activities On Murin Leukemia P-388

Dewa Gede Katja

Department of Chemistry FMIPA Sam Ratulangi University Manado Corresponding author: [email protected]

The results of phytochemical screening of Chisocheton sp. (C.DC.) Harms that grow in North Sulawesi, contain very interesting secondary metabolite compounds, including limonoid, triterpenoid damaran, steroids and phenolic. This study aims to find active compounds as candidates for anticancer drugs from the plant Chisocheton sp. (C.DC.) Harms that grow in North Sulawesi. Chisocheton sp. (C.DC.) Harms dry stem bark powder were extracted successively with n-hexan, ethyl acetate and methanol at room temperature. The extract obtained was concentrated at low pressure and then the cytotoxic activity was evaluated against murin lekemia P-388 cells. Results of cytotoxic evaluation of murine leukemia P-388 cells showed that the n-hexan and ethyl-esetate extracts had IC50 values of 16.9 and 19.9 μg / mL, this indicate active activity, while methanol extract from Chisocheton sp. (C.DC.) Harms does not provide cytotoxic activity. Keywords: phytochemistry, Chisocheton sp. (C.DC.) Harms,

cytotoxic activity, murine leukemia cells P-388


Abstracts

Poster Presentation (PP)


Poster Presenter Abstracts * PP 01

Antibacterial Phenolic Constituents from

Morus macroura

Jasmansyah1,*, Euis H. Hakim2, Yana M. Syah2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Jenderal Ahmad Yani, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia

2Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung,

Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia


Morus macroura Miq. is the only Morus plant species found in West Sumatera of Indonesia. Our previous phytochemical studies have isolated two stilbene dimers from the woods and root trunks of the plant. In this paper we report six phenolic compounds, namely methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (1), norartocarpanone (2), moracins M (3) and B (4), mulberroside C (5) and mulberrofuran K (6), from the tree barks of this plant. Structures of these compounds were dertermined based on NMR and mass spectral data. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 were the first time to be isolated from this plant. On an antibacterial evaluation, compound 7 showed significant antibacterials against Gram-(+) bacteria Bacilus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: 2-Arylbenzofuran, flavanone, benzoic acid ester, Morus

macroura, antibacterial compound



The Effect of Particle Size, Extraction Time,

and Solvent on Daidzein Amount Extracted

from Tempeh-A Fermented Product of Soybean

Sri Hartati Yuliani*, Arini Safti Sandrapitaloka, Fransiska Revana Restiana, Petrus Damiani Tosan Aji

Faculty of Pharmacy Sanata Dharma University, Kampus III USD Paingan,

Maguwohardjo, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Daidzein is an isoflavone aglycone contained in tempeh. Daidzein has

some biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-

breast cancer, and suppressor of expression of matrix metalloprotease-

9. A tempeh has a higher concentration of isoflavone aglycone compared

to soybean. It is important to study the effect of particle size, extraction

time, and solvent on extraction process of daidzein from tempeh. The

tempeh was ground into small particle size, then macerated using

petroleum ether. The liquid was discarded and the solid was dried using

the oven at 50 oC for 24 hours. The dried solid was divided into three

parts to observe particle size, extraction time, and solvent. The dried

solid of tempeh was ground into several particle sizes (1.68 mm; 1,19

mm; 0,84 mm; 0,6 mm) to observed the effect of particle size. The

extraction time applied in this study was 90, 180, 270, and 360 minutes.

The solvent applied in this study was the mixture of ethanol and water

with the concentration of 48%, 57.6%, 67.2%, 76.8%, 86.4%, and 96%,

respectively. Daidzein that is contained in the extract of tempeh was

analyzed using HPLC. The results of this research showed that particle

size, extraction time, and solvent affected the extraction process of

daidzein from tempeh. The particle size of simplisia that produced the

highest concentration of daidzein was 0.84 mm. Longer extraction time

will produce a higher concentration of daidzein extracted from tempeh.

The 67.2% ethanol will produce the highest concentration compared to

the other solvents

Keywords: Daidzein, extraction time, particle size, solvent



Antibacterial Activity Comparison of Avocado

Leaves and Seeds Exctract (Persea americana

Mill) Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Rina Budi Satiyarti*, Nia Sarinastiti

Prodi Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan, Jl. Letnan

Kolonel H. Endro Suratmin, Sukarame, Kota Bandar Lampung, 35131


Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are two pathogenic bacteria, which caused some diseases. To fight these pathogenic bacteria, we could utilize plants as sources of antibacteria. Avocado (Persea americana Mill) is a tropic plant that could be found in almost Indonesian area. Avocado fruit was believed to have high nutrition. It’s seeds and leaves were potential as traditional medicine. Therefore, the study on avocado as potential antibacteria is needed. The object of this research is to discover antibacterial effectivity of avocado’s seeds and leaves. This research took advantage of complete randoised design with six treatments and it was repeated for three times. The extract concentration was 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Data analysis showed that avocado’s leaves and seeds were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus, and avocado seeds was more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the leaves. Keywords: Antibacterial, avocado, Staphylococcus aureus



Minerals and Heavy Metals in Labisia pumila

var. Alata Folia of Selected Geographic

Origins

Ade Chandra Iwansyah1,*, Noorazizah Zainal-Abidin2, Mashitah Mohammad Yusoff3

1Centre for Appropriate Technology Development, Indonesian Institute of

Sciences, Subang 41213, Indonesia 2Central Analytical Laboratories, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300

Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia. 3Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,

26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Labisia pumila var. alata leaves (LP) with a long history of use folk remedy and endemic to the Malay Archipelago, is now supplied worldwide as ingredient of functional foods and beverages. Minerals and heavy metal concentrations in Labisia pumila var. alata folium (LP) of selected geographic origin based on microwave-assisted sample digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were determined. Fifteen elements comprising minerals (Ba, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Ni, Rb and Zn) and heavy metals (As, Cd and Pb) were analyzed with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The highest nutrient concentration was measured in LP from Tilu Mountain (Cu, Na, K, Mg and Zn). The highest values of Ba, Ca, Co, Cr and Fe were detected in LP from Raub. Ni and Rb were highest in LP from Cibeundey Village. As was highest in LP from Raub (0.04 ± 0.00 mg/kg). The highest Pb contents were in LP from Tilu Mountain (2.90 ± 0.10 mg/kg) and LP from Halimunan-Salak Mountain (3.12 ± 0.03 mg/kg), all of which were well within the permissible limits as specified by the U.S. FDA for edible plant parts. Keywords: Labisia pumila var. alata folia, minerals, heavy metals,

microwave-assisted sample digestion, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry



Biological Activity and Toxicity of Acetone

Extracts and Secondary Metabolites from

Southeast Sulawesi Sponge, Chlatria sp.

Sahidin Idin1,*, Sadarun Baru2, Wahyuni1, Rini Hamsidi1

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari 93232 Indonesia

2Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari

93232, Indonesia


Four steroids have been isolated and identified from acetone extract of Chlatria sp sponge. The isolation used some chromatograpy methods and the structure identification of secondary metabolites were undertaken by spectroscopy technique. Biological activities of the crude extracts and compounds were evaluated towards bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Salmonella thypii YCTC, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313, Bacilus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923), radical scavenger (DPPH) and Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (Artemia salina) for the toxicity test. The results showed that the isolated compounds are steroids, which consist of chlatruhoate (1), 3β-(acetoxymethyl)-A-nor-5α-cholestane (2), 3β-(hydroxymethyl)-A-nor-5α-cholest-15-ene (3), and 3β-(hydroxymethyl)-A-nor-5α-cholestane (4). The acetone extract generally showed weak activity against the tested bacteria whereas pure isolates were not active against the tested bacteria. Both the acetone extract and the isolated compound exhibited weak activity as radical scavenger and are not toxic towards Artemia salina. The relationship among the isolated compounds can be proposed as follows: compound 1 is derived through esterification of compound 4 with propanoic acid, while compound 2 is the esterification product of compound 4 with acetic acid and compound 3 is the oxidation product of compound 4. Keywords: Antibacterial, Chlatria sp., radical scavenger, steroids,

toxicity



Antioxidant Activity Test of Kaobula Leaves

(Pisonia alba Span) Origin of Buton Sulawesi

Indonesia

Nurlansi*, Sriwulan

1Chemistry Department. Haluoleo University, Kendari *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Kaobula (Pisonia alba Span.) is one of the tall plant species, located on Buton island, Sulawesi, Indonesia. The leaves are used as a typical scent given when cooking fish. Young leaves can be used to wrap cooked fish, and can also be used as vegetables. The use of young leaves can make the taste of food becomes more tasteful. Result of ethanol extract phytochemical test of kaobula leaf showed that the extract contained secondary metabolites, such as steroid, alkaloid, flavonoid, and polyphenol groups. Ten grams of ethanolic extract of kaobula leaves was separated (partition) using n-hexane:aquades (1:1), ethylacetate: aquades (1:1), and then antioxidant activity test was done using DPPH method. The antioxidant activity test was performed on ethanol extract (EtOH), n-hexane (Hx) and ethylacetate (EA) fraction. The test results showed that value of IC50 of ethanol extract was 215.73 ppm; n-hexane fraction was 295.70 ppm and ethylacetate fraction was 189.52 ppm. As a comparison, vitamin C showed IC50 of 70.39 ppm. Fraction of EA, was then separated by column chromatography using silica gel G60 F254 as the stationary phase and its mobile phase using chloroform: ethylacetate: n-hexane (8: 1: 1), resulted in three groups of fractions, fraction EA1, EA2 and EA3. In each fraction group, the antioxidant activity test was done and the result is EA2 fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity, medium category with IC50 value was 113.28 ppm Keywords: Antioxidant activity, kaobula leaves (Pisonia alba Span)



Acute Toxicity of Ethanolic Extract of Wualae Fruit (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.SMITH) in Wistar Male

Mice

Wahyuni*, Muh. Ilyas Yusuf, Fadhliyah Malik, Mentarry Bafadal

Faculty of Pharmacy, Halu Oleo University


Wualae (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.SMITH) is used as traditional medicine in Southeast Sulawesi. However, data showing about their safety are still unclear. The toxicity of ethanolic extract of wualae fruit (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.SMITH) was evaluated in mice by determining the potential toxicity after acute administration of extract and histopatological examination of liver and kidney. Twenty eights mice were divided into 4 groups, control group, and dose groups. Control group was administered by Na CMC while dose group were administrated by ethanolic extract of wualae fruit (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.SMITH at dose of 500, 5000 and 15000 mg/Kg BW, respectively by gavage for 14 days. General behavior adverse effect and mortality were determined for up to 14 days. Histopathology were determined by the end of 14 days of daily administration. Through out 14 days of administration, there was changes in behavioral pattern within groups. Both normal group and dose group at 500 dose has no mortality, but in dose group of 5000 and 15000 they have mortality of 14 % and 100 %, respectively. Further histopathological examination revealed that both normal group and dose group at 500 have no significant adverse effect on the liver and kidney. However, dose groups of 5000 and 15000 have significant effect on liver and kidney. Ethanolic extract of wualae fruit (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.SMITH was found to have toxicity effect at highest dose. Keywords: Acute toxicity, Etlingera elatior, histopathology, wualae



Standardization of Simplicia and Antioxidant

Activity Test of Ethanolic Extract of Limus

(Mangifera foetida Lour.) Seeds

Vera Nurviana*, Ade Yeni Aprilia

Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada. Cilolohan Street, No. 36, Postal Code 46115, Telephone/ Fax: (0265)334740/ (0265)327224,

Tasikmalaya, West Java


Standardization of medicinal plants was important in the development of

Indonesian traditional medicine. Limus (Mangifera foetida Lour) is one of

the species of the Mangifera genus, which spreads in Indonesian territory.

Based on several studies, mango seeds of the genus Mangifera have

high-level antioxidant potential. This study aims to standardize and to

know the potential antioxidant extract of limus seeds using DPPH (2, 2-

diphenyl-2-picrihydrazyl) method. Standardization of simplicia includes;

specific parameters and nonspecific parameters. Limus seeds was

extracted by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, where the

yield of the extract was 28±0.0066% w/w. Macroscopic and microscopic

character results of simplicia from limus seeds; pale yellow, slightly

strikingly distinctive, tasteless, there was starches, globul oil, Ca Oxalate

crystal, and vascular tissue. Water-soluble extractive content

14.88±0.0022% w/w and ethanol soluble extractive 15.09± 0.0009%

w/w. The phytochemical content of simplicia and limus seeds extract

ware flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, monoterpenoids,

sesquiterpenoids, and quinones. The result of determination of

nonspecific parameter showed total ash content of 6.75±0.0038% w/w,

water-soluble ash content 5.4±0.0022% w/w, acid soluble ash content

1.71±0.0016% w/w, moisture content 5 ± 0, 0000% v/w, and the loss

of moisture on drying content 7.17±0.0058% w/w. The results of

antioxidant test of limus seeds showed the ES50 value of 8.93±0.0003 μg/ml. Based on the ES50 value, the ethanol extract of limus seeds had

very strong antioxidant activity.

Keywords: Standardization of simplicia, limus seeds, antioxidant, DPPH,

ES50.



Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol Extract and

Organic Fractions of Etlingera elatior Stem

Wa Ode Sitti Musnina1,*, Carla Wulandari S.2, Muh. Hajrul Malaka2, Sahidin2

1Departement of Pharmacy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Tadulako 2Faculty of Pharmacy Halu Oleo University


Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M Smith (Zingiberaceae) has been used as a

traditional medicine. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial

activity of ethanol extract and organic fractions of E. elatior stem.

Powdered stems were macerated using ethanol, to yield an extract.

Organic fractions were obtained by extract fractionation using n-hexane,

ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antimicrobial assay was performed using an

agar-well diffusion method against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus

aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis FNCC 0060, Streptococcus mutans

ATCC 27853), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 35218,

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella enterica ATCC

14028), and fungi (Candida albicans ATCC 10231). Results showed that

the ethanol extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive

(1.25 to 6 mm) and C. albicans (4 mm). The n-hexane fraction found

to actively inhibit growths of S. aureus (3 mm), B. subtilis (6 mm),

and C. albicans (4mm) at 2.5 mg/well (chloramphenicol; 16 mm, 22 mm;

2.5 mg/well) and ketoconazole (20 mm; 2.5 mg/well). The ethyl acetate

fraction inhibited B. subtilis (3 mm) at 2.5 mg/well and methanol extract

inhibited S. mutans at 2.5 mg/well (5 mm). Ethanol extract and organic

fractions exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria

more potent than Gram-negative, due to differences in the cell

membrane composititions [1]. The extract also inhibited C. albicans,

which this activity was reflected only in its n-hexane fraction, suggesting

the presence of nonpolar antifungal compounds. In conclusion, E. elatior

stem could be used as sources for antimicrobial agents.

Keywords: Etlingera, antimicrobe, organic fraction



In Vivo Antimalarial Activities of Combination

Water Extract of Coat Buttons Herbal (Tridax

procumbens L) and Neem Leaves (Azadirachta Indica A. JUSS)

Faizal Hermanto*, Anna Choerunisa

Departement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia


Malaria is still a health problem both in the world and in Indonesia. This

is exacerbated by malaria parasites (Plasmodium) that are resistant to

existing antimalarial drugs. Some of the plants used for the treatment of

malaria are coat buttons herbs (Tridax procumbens L.) and neem leaves

(Azadirachta indica A. Juss). This study aims to assess the antimalarial

activity of a combination of coat buttons herbs and neem leaves extract

on Plasmodium berghei. The antimalarial activity test in this study was

conducted according to Peters method. Mice infected with Plasmodium

berghei were then grouped into several groups. The control group was

given by 0.5% Na CMC suspension, the standard group was given by

chloroquin 20 mg/kg BW and the test group was given by a combination

of extract of coat buttons herbal dose 400 mg/Kg BW and water extract

of mimba leaves with dose of 200 mg/kg BW; a combination of extract

of coat buttons herbal with dose of 800 mg/Kg BB and water extract of

mimba leaves with dose of 400 mg/kg BW; a combination of extract of

coat buttons herbal with dose of 1600 mg/Kg BB and water extract of

mimba leaves with dose of 800 mg/kg BW with parameter percentage of

parasitemia, percent parasite growth and percentage inhibition parasite.

The results showed that all combined doses showed a decrease in

parasite growth when compared with the control group (P <0.05). The

percentage value of parasite inhibit of combination of 1,2 and 3 doses,

respectively was 40%: 65%; 35%. The combination of extract of coat

buttons herbal with dose of 800 mg/Kg BW and water extract of mimba

leaves with dose of 400 mg/kg BW has the highest antimalarial activity

with a percentage of parasite inhibition of 65%

Keywords: Plasmodium berghei, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Tridax

procumbens L., Malaria



Recent Advances in Development of Ginkgo

and Salvia miltiorrhiza: A Patent analysis

Hailong Zhang*

State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China


Ginkgo and Salvia miltiorrhiza are famous herbal medicines, both of which can be used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. US patent analysis can indirectly demonstrate internationalization level in research and industrialization for Chinese herbal medicines. The present study showed recent trend of US granted patents of Ginkgo and Salvia miltiorrhiza by comprehensive analysis, including the number of patents, applicant analysis, IPC analysis, applicant evolution analysis and IPC evolution analysis. The results indicated that US patent application of Ginkgo was much earlier than Salvia miltiorrhiza. Top three companies in US patent applications of Ginkgo were all from Europe. European companies keep a leading role in development and industrialization of Ginkgo. Top company (Tianjing Tasly) in US patent application of Salvia miltiorrhiza was from China. The company from China keep a leading role in development and industrialization of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Ginkgo and Salvia miltiorrhiza have similar percentages in IPC classification, which indicated that the two herbs are quite similar in application and development. However, Ginkgo have been approved for sale in many western countries, which indicate that Ginkgo is more internationalized than Salvia miltiorrhiza. The successful internationalization model of Ginkgo may provide a useful reference for internationalization of other Chinese herbal medicines. Keywords: Patent analysis, Ginkgo, Salvia miltiorrhiza



Friedelin-triterpene from the Root Bark of

Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mor.

Muharni muharni*, Elfita Elfita, Kiky Susilo Anggara, Heni Yohandini, Julinar julinar

University of Sriwijaya


Flacourtia rukam belongs to the family of Flacourtiaceae This plant is native to Indonesia and is widely found in China, India and most of Southeast Asia. This species is widely used as folk medicine for diarrhoea, dysentery, anti-hypertensi, and skin infectious treatments. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify compounds from the root bark extract of F. rukam. Isolation of the root extract of F. rukam resulted in triterpenoid friedelin. The structure was identified by using UV, IR, one and two-dimensional NMR and comparison with NMR data from the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first friedelin isolated from this root bark of the plant. Keywords: Flacourtia rukam, friedelin, root bark, triterpene



Chemical Constituent from Endophytic

Fungus Neurospora crassa Obtained from The

Stem Bark of Dehuang (Cordyline fruticosa)

Elfita Elfita*, Muharni Muharni, Mardiyanto Mardiyanto, Fitrya Fitrya, Juwita Eka Larasati

University of Sriwijaya


Cordyline fruticosa (Agavaceae) is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases such as infections of mammary glands, antioxidant, antimicrobe, diabetes, cough, ulcers, laryngitis, and to induce abortion. Endophytic fungus is a potential source for the discovery of bioactive compounds. In the present study, two compounds were isolated from endophytic fungus Neurospora crassa., which were obtained from the medicinal plant of Cordyline fruticosa. The identification of fungal isolates was done molecularly based on the genetic analysis partially on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) locus of ribosomal DNA fungi. The structures of the compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopy analysis. Keywords: Chemical Constituent, endophytic fungus, Neurospora

crassa, Cordyline fruticosa



Searching for Cholic and Chenodeoxycholic

Acid from Commercially Available Fishes,

Poultry and Livestock in Indonesia

Agus Chahyadi1,*, Elfahmi2

1Post-doctoral fellow at Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre,

Bandung Institute of Technology, West Java, Indonesia 2School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, West Java,

Indonesia


Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a secondary bile acid, has been used as a drug to treat various liver diseases. Commercially, UDCA is made synthetically from cholic or chenodeoxycholic acid (CA/CDCA), two primary bile acids that frequently used as the starting materials. Nowadays, chicken and duck bile are main sources of those bile acids. However, other commercial animals could be promising sources as well. In this work, we identified several sea and freshwater fishes that are commercially cultivated, as well as chicken, duck, sheep, goat, and cow. As the preliminary work, profile of bile acids from these animal sources was presented as thin-layer chromatography data. Developing of the high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of the bile components was also reported in this work. Results showed that only a few animals contained free CDCA and CA. Others, however, might have them in form of conjugation with taurine or glycine, and therefore, extraction methods should be developed in the future to remove the conjugation to make free CA/CDCA become available. Keywords: Ursodeoxycholic acid, bile acid, liver diseases, gallbladder,

animals



Natural Preservation of Woods using

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Leaves

Extract for Making Batik Wood Crafts

Istihanah Nurul Eskani*, I Made Arya Utamaningrat

Center for Crafts and Batik, Jl. Kusumanegara No. 7 Yogyakarta *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Indonesia is one of wood craft producer. Indonesian crafts have been exported to many countries, such as Japan, Europe and America. Commonly, that crafts used chemical preservatives that identified not safe for environment. A lot of countries had banned the use of toxic preservatives such as arsenic and chromium-based preservatives. Therefore, it is important to use natural preservatives that are safer for human being and the environment. This research aimed to know the ability of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract to use as wood preservatives and to determine the preservative treatability of two woods, Mahoni (Swietenia mahogany) and Matoa (Pometia pinnata) woods as material for making interior products such as batik wood crafts. Matoa and Mahoni wood were preserved by hot bath at temperature of 80oC using Sambiloto leaf extract with variation of concentration of 10%, 12.5% and 16.67% for immersion time of 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours. The retention value of each variation was calculated and compared with the preservative value for the interior product of SNI 03.5010-1.1999 (8 kg/m3). The results show that preservation of Matoa wood for indoor uses can be done using Sambiloto leaf extract with concentration of 12.5% and processing time of 2 hours. However, the retention values for Mahoni woods were lower than SNI for all treatment because of its extractive content that make it hard to be preserved. Keywords: Batik wood crafts, natural preservation, sambiloto leaves



The Utilization of Jambu Bol Stem (Syzygium

malaccencce) as a New Source of

Antioxidants

Nenden fauziah*, Noviyanti, iqbal musthapa

UNIGA *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The study on the utilization of jambu bol stem (Syzygium malaccencce) as a new source of antioxidants has been done. The result of phytochemical screening suggested the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, tannins and quinone. Antioxidant test conducted by using DPPH method (2,2 - diphenyl-1-picrihidrazil) on ethanol extract of wooden tissue of Jambu bol stem (Syzygium malaccencce) showed IC50 value of 31,75 ppm. Vitamin C used as a comparison shows an IC50 value of 4,039 ppm Keywords: Jambu bol stem, Syzygium malaccencce, antioxidants,

DPPH method, ethanol extract



Chemical Characteristics, Antioxidant

Activity, Total Phenolic and Caffeine Content

of Red Sayer Variety of Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Seeds Coffee

Siti Warnasih1,*, Ade Heri Mulyati1, Diana Widiastuti1, Zuniar Subastian1, Laksmi Ambarsari2, Purwantiningsih Sugita3,*

1Study Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Pakuan University, Jl. Pakuan No.1 Ciheuleut, Bogor, West Java Indonesia 2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected]

Red Sayer is one of the varieties of date originating from United Arab Emirates. This variety is one of the many dates imported into Indonesia and made date juice with waste that is date seeds. Date seeds can be made coffee, which rich antioxidant and do not contain caffeine. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and caffeine content contained in Red Sayer varieties of date seeds coffee. Date seeds coffe is made into powder, then analyzed include water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate content, total sugar, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and caffeine content. The water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content were 4.42±0.01%, 1.16±0.05%, 8.55±0.64%, 7.3±0.07%, 78.52±0.76%, respectively; total sugar 17.25±0.01%; antioxidant activity (IC50) 24.22 /mL, total phenolic content 341 mg GAE/100 g, but caffeine was not detected. Date seeds coffee of Red Sayer can be a source of carbohydrates and source of natural antioxidants that do not contain caffeine.

Keywords: Antioxidants, date seeds, caffeine, coffee, red sayer



Antifungal Inhibition of Malassezia Furfur

Fungus by Essential Oil of Red Galangal

(Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) Rhizome

Hernandi Sujono1,*, Senadi Budiman1, Yusi Fudiesta1, Ahmad Sahroni1, Jasmansyah1, Arie Hardian1, Lela Lailatul Khumaisah2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of

Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jl. Terusan Jenderal Sudirman, PO Box 148, Cimahi,

Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of

Muhammadiyah Sukabumi, Jl. R. Syamsudin, SH. No. 50, Sukabumi,

Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) plant is one of many spices used as biopharmacy products, which contain essential oil that is active as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. The essential oil from red galangal rhizome (red galangal oil) has been isolated using water and steam distillation method. The rendemen of red galangal oil was 0.1062%, its density 0.9524 g/mL, and the refraction index was 1.4862. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis, the major compounds of red galangal oil were 1,8-sineol (40.92%), acetyl chavicol (10.33%), cis -farnesene (6.91%), 1-caryophillene (6.32%), 1--bisabolene (3.37%), -elemene (3.23%), ±-pinene (3.20%), -sesquiphellandrene (2.32%), -pinene (2.21%), and germacrene-D (1.90%). Agarose diffusion method was used to characterize the inhibition properties. The red galangal oil has inhibition zones of 7.15 mm, 13.87 mm, 16.05 mm and 20.05 mm for 1, 2, 3, and 4% concentration, respectively. The inhibition zone of red galangan oil with 4% concentration was comparable to ketokonazole 2%, which was used as positive control (27.20 mm). Keywords: Essential oil, inhibition, Malassezia furfur, red galangal

rhizome (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum)



Flavonoid from The Sao Pedro Petro of Tubers

of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Diana Widiastuti1, Ade Heri Mulyati1, Supriatno2, Ronny Lesmana3,4, Mond Azlan Nafiah5, Desi Haneti2,3, Unang Supratman2,3*

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science,

Universitas Pakuan, Bogor 16163, Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia. 3Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

4Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran,

Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia. 5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Education

University of Sultan Idris, 35900 Tg. Malim, Perak, Malaysia. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The flavonoid compound, quarcetin-3-O-rutinoside (1) has been isolated from n-BuOH extract of the fresh of The Sao Pedro Petro of Tubers of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The chemical structure of compound 1 was identified by spectroscopic data including UV, IR, NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT 135°, HMQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY) and MS spectra as well as by comparison with previously reported spectral data. Compound 1 showed cytotoxic activity against MCF7 breast cancer line with an IC50 value of 1.07 ug/mL Keywords: Manihot esculenta, Sao Pedro Petro, flavonoid, quarcetin-

3-O-rutinoside



Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity Extract

Mycelium and filtrate Fermentation

Endophytic Fungus from the Marine Biota Seroja Kol

Dede Sukandar1,*, Nina Artanti2, Ika Restu Purwanti1, Tarso Rudiana1

1Program Studi Kimia FST UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Jalan Ir. H. Juanda No 95 Ciputat 15412 Indonesia Telp. (62-21) 7493606 2Pusat Penelitian Kimia LIPI-Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong


One source of Indonesian biodiversity wealth is the microbes. Endophytic

fungus from Seroja Kol of marine life has not been studied and explored

its potential. This endophytic fungus might have potential as antioxidant

and anticancer. The aim of this research is to know the antioxidant and

cytotoxic activity of filtrate and mycelium extract from endophytic fungus

from Seroja Kol (SKF15) using shake and static liquid fermentation

condition in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium. Antioxidant activity

assay was conducted using free radical scavenger 1,1-diphenyl-2-

picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and cytotoxic assay using Alamar blue

method. The result show that antioxidant with highest activity comes

from static filtrate extract with % inhibition of 49.36% at concentration

200 ppm. Variation of 3-21 days fermentation time was performed on

antioxidant and cytotoxic activity with highest result for antioxidant

activity was 66.97% (7 days) and cytotoxic level of 81.13% (3 days).

FTIR analysis results showed the presence of hydroxy group O-H

(3452.58 cm-); C=O (1668.43 cm-1) C-O (1230.58 cm-1) and C-H sp3

groups (2941.44 cm-1). The analysis with MS showing extracts of static

filtrate has a mass of m/z 305.63 [M+H]+, which predicted as

dihydroquercetin (C15H24O7).

Keywords: Antioxidants, cytotoxic, endophytic fungi of marine life, DPPH



Effectiveness of the Extract of Cabe Jawa

(Piper retrofractum Vahl) on Healing of

Aftosa Stomatitis Recurrent (RAS)

Nindya Firdina Mahya*, Rizky Nurhidayah, Arkhamatul Wafiroh, Risyandi Anwar

University of Muhammadiyah Semarang


Recurrent Aftosa Stomatitis (RAS) is a recurrent oral ulcer with multifactorial causes. The RAS prevalence worldwide is 5-66% with an average of 20%. An oral ulcer is taken care using mouthwash containing alcohol and corticosteroids with some side effects, i.e. increasing the of Candida sp. in the oral cavity and developing oral cavity cancer. Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of Java chili extract (Piper retrofractum Vahl) on the wound healing process of Recurrent Aftosa Stomatitis. Methods: It was an experimental study using randomized pre and post-test design with group control design. The samples were 24 male Wistar rats, weighted 180-200 grams, aged 20 weeks, divided into 4 intervention groups, i.e. G1of untreated RAS wounded rats, G2 of RAS wounded rats treated with iodine, G3 of RAS wounded rats treated with extracts of chili Java gel 50%, and G4 of rats treated with extracts of chili Java gel 100%. Results: The results showed a value of p <0.05 for all comparisons between the two groups indicating some differences between the mean number of leukocytes, so it was known that Piper retrofractum Vahl extract decreased the leukocytes number in SAR rats. Conclusion: The application of Java chili extract with 100% concentration is more effective than 50% in decreasing the leukocyte score in injured rats. The ability to decrease leukocyte score from both chili extract gels is above the iodine capability and control group. Keywords: RAS, Piper retrofractum Vahl, leukocyte.



Anti-Obesity Activity of the Ethanol Extract of

Roselle Calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa .L ) on

Male Wistar Rats

Sri Wahyuningsih*, Puspasari Dewi. S., Linda P. Suherman, Sri Dewi S., Febyanti

Faculty of Pharmacy UNJANI


The anti-obesity effect of ethanol extract of roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa .L) was performed in vivo on male Wistar rats. Extraction was done by continuous extraction using a Soxhlet with 96% ethanol. The comparator used was Orlistat dose 10.8 mg/kg BW. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo assay from the ethanol extract of roselle calyx as the anti-obesity. The method performed by rats was induced with high-carbohydrate foods for 28 days. The dosage of ethanol extract of roselle calyx used was 40 mg/kg BW, 80 mg/kg B.W and 120 mg/kg B.W. Parameters observed include: body weight, food index. Biochemical parameters observed include glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Each day, the body weight and the remains of the foods were weighed, then on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days, all of the rat bloods were taken for examination of glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The results showed that the ethanol extract of roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) had anti obesity effect. This was indicated by the low body weight increase compared to the control group. Similarly, a significant decrease in appetite was shown in the remaining feed compared to the control group. The best dose is 120 mg/kg B.W. In addition to that, concentrations of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol showed the lowest when compared with other test groups. Keywords: Anti-obesity activity, ethanol extract, Hibiscus sabdariffa

.L



Influence of the Addition of Paracetamol on

The Solubility and Dissolution Rate of

Curcumin

Fikri Alatas*, Susi Sunarty Sigalingging, Fahrauk Faramayuda

Pharmaceutics group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jl. Terusan Jenderal Sudirman, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia.


Curcumin (CUR) is the active compound isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa). Curcumin is used in many treatments because it has many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antimalarial, and anticarcinogenic. However, curcumin has limitations in regardings of solubility and permeability. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of paracetamol (PCT) on the solubility and dissolution rate of CUR. An equimolar mixture of CUR-PCT was prepared by a wet grinding method using a few drops of ethanol. The wet grinding result was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), polarization microscope, solubility test, and dissolution test methods. The solubility test was conducted in the water solvent at room temperature, while the dissolution test was carried out in the ethanol 40%v/v. The PXRD patterns showed no differences between the wet grinding result and its parent components. In contrary, there is different crystal habit between CUR-PCT mixture and its pure components after recrystallized in ethanol. The solubility of curcumin from CUR-PCT wet grinding result was 8.3-folds higher than from pure CUR. The dissolution rate of CUR from wet grinding result was also faster than pure CUR. It can be concluded that PCT can increase the solubility and dissolution rate of CUR. Keywords: Curcumin, paracetamol, solubility, dissolution rate,

powder X-ray diffraction



Kaempferol and Quercetine Isolated from the

Leaves of Atingia excelsa to Arrest Cell Cycle

in G0/G1 Phase Human Tongue Cancer Sp-C1 Cell Lines

Risyandi Anwar1, Arlette Setiawan2, Supriatno3, Unang Supratman4

1Departement of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University

of Muhammadiyah Semarang, kedungmundu Raya no 22 Semarang 2Departement of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of

Padjadjaran, Sekeloa Selatan no 1 Bandung 3Departement of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gajah

Mada, Jalan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 4Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

University of Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung - Sumedang Km 21,

Jatinangor 45363, Sumedang *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The leaves of Altingia excelsa were found to strongly inhibit SP-C1 human tongue cancer cell lines. This study was focused on the investigation of the active anticancer compound from A. excelsa. This study was focused on identifying antiproliferative compound found in A. excelsa leaves and assessing its mechanism of action. Methanol extracts of A. excelsa were fractionated based on their polarity using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. The anti-proliferative properties were tested in vitro against SP-C1 human tongue cancer cell lines using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. The active compound was isolated using column chromatography and identified by spectroscopic method. The isolated compound was also tested for its anti-proliferative properties and the cell cycle analisis in SP-C1 cells by flowcytometry analysis. This work resulted in the isolation of a flavonoid, which was identified to be kaempferol and quercetine. The compound inhibited SP-C1 cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.72 µg/mL and 0. 70 µg/mL for the 24 hours treatments, respectively. Furthermore, the flowcytometry analysis suggested that the compound exerted its anticancer activities by inhibiting the


cell cycle. These results suggested that kaempferol and quercetine, the anticancer compound found in A. excels, provided a basis for its potential use in cancer disease management. Keywords: Altingia excelsa, cancer, cell cycle, kaempferol, quercetine



The Role of Bamboo Shoot (Gigantochloa

apus Kurz) Extract in Decreasing Mda and

Increasing IL-10 at the Atherosclerosis

Edy Soesanto1*, Edi Dharmana2, Soeharyo Hadisaputro2, Siti Fatimah Muis2

1Department of Nursing, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang

2Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University of Semarang


Bamboo shoot (Gigantochloa apus Kurz) extract is strongly suspected to

be able to work as a lipid peroxidation inhibitor and reducing free radical

formation formed by LDL oxidation so that can be used as anti

inflammation and anti oxidation stress in atherosclerosis. The aim of this

study was to find out the effect of bamboo shoot (Gigantochloa apus Kurz

extract) in decreasing MDA and increasing IL-10 in New Zealand white

rabbit with atherogenic diet. This research was experimental, with

randomized pre and post test and control group design for 24 of New

Zealand White rabbits that were grouped into 4 randomly. Bamboo shoot

extract can decrease MDA and increase IL-10 significantly in accordance

with increasing dosage. The increase of MDA level of control group with

treatment group was significantly different (p=0.0001), and between the

treatment group and other treatment group, there was also a significant

difference (p <0.05). The highest increase of MDA amount occurred in control group that was 239.1036.26 ng/mL and the lowest was

treatment group 3 (520 mg) that was equal to -2.3444.25 ng / mL.

Changes in IL-10 between the control group and the treatment group

were significantly different (p=0.0001), and between the treatment

groups and other treatment groups, there was also a significant

difference (p<0.05). All groups decreased IL-10 except in the treatment

group 3(520 mg) which experienced an increase of 58.7% and the

highest decrease occurred in the control group of 64.3%. In this study,

the application of bamboo shoot extract had an effect on the decrease of

MDA and the increase IL-10, the higher dosage of bamboo shoot extract

will decrease the malondialdehyde level in the blood.

Keywords: Bamboo shoot, MDA, IL-10.



The Antiobesity Screening of Ethanol Extracts

from Several Plants on High Carbohydrate

Food and Monosodium Glutamate Induced Wistar Rats

Atun Qowiyyah*, Elin Yulinah Sukandar, Muhamad Insanu

School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha Street 10

Bandung, Indonesia


Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) rhizomes, koro benguk (Mucuna

pruriens) leaves, oyong (Luffa acutangula) fruits, kupa (Syzygium

polycephalum) and malay apple (S. malaccense(L.) Merr. & Perry)

leaves, investigated in this study, were used traditionally to decrease

body weight, and have been proven to have antihyperlipidemia effect in

previous studies, so it was assumed that all plants have a potency as

antiobesity agent. The ethanol extracts were prepared by maceration

method using 96% ethanol. This study was conducted on Wistar female

rats induced with high carbohydrate food for 45 days and MSG

(monosodium glutamate) subcutaneous injection 2 g/kg bb for 5

consecutive days into obesity. The dosages of the extracts were 25 and

50 mg/kg body weight (bw) and orlistat at a dose of 32.4 mg/kg BW as

comparator drug, given for 14 days. Induction with high carbohydrate

food was continued during the treatment. The induction could increase

rat body weight with the range 119.5 to 351.4% without cause

hyperlipidemia and hyperglycaemia. All extracts at doses of 25 and 50

mg/kg BW could inhibit the body weight gain significantly without affect

food index. The highest percentage inhibition of body weight gain showed

by ethanol extracts of malay apple at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw(84.9 %).

The fecal consistency of rats ranged between normal and normal flaccid

after treatment. All extracts at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg bw had

antiobesity effect. The highest effect was shown by ethanol extract of

malay apple at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw.

Keywords: antiobesity, body weight, malay apple, Syzygium malaccense



Distribution of Tautomerization Products

from Synthesis of Cinchoninone and

Quinidinone Using A Combination of 1H NMR and 13C NMR Spectroscopy

Nila Tanyela Berghuis

Natural Product Research Group, Department of Organic Chemistry

Faculty of Sains and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Gunung

Djati Bandung


Cinchonine and quinidine are the isolated compounds of Cinchona alkaloids. Cinchonine and quinidine are diastereoisomeric pairs with 8R, 9S conformation at their chiral centers. Synthesis of cinchoninone from cinchonine and quidininone from quinidine by Oppenauer oxidation method produces a product of psedoenantiomer pairs. The product of the resulting psedoenantiomer pair undergoes mutarotation on C8 owing to tautomerism. There is a possibility of tautomerization of chiral carbon C8 due to the use of polar solvents. That change of open conformation becomes close conformation. Where the close conformation refers to the conformation R. The distribution of tautomerization products determined using a combination of 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy analysis indicated a distinct 8S: 8R composition for cinchoninone and quinidinone. Keywords: Cinchona alkaloids, tautomerization, cinchoninone,

quinidinone, NMR spectroscopy



Antihyperuricemia Activity of Ethanol Extract

and Fractions of Syzygium jambos L. Leaves

Through the In Vivo Method

Deden Winda Suwandi*, Farid Perdana, Anggi Friyani

Department of Pharmacology, faculty of mathematics and science, UNIVERSITAS GARUT


Syzygium jambos L., is a medicinal plant that is used traditionally for some diseases, especially its leaves are used to treat rheumatic diseases. This study has been carried out to examine antihyperuricemia activity of ethanol extract, water fraction, ethyl acetat fraction and n-hexane fraction of the Syzygium jambos leaves in male mice of Swiss-Webster strain. Extract doses used were 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of body weight, while fraction doses were 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of body weight and that of allopurinol as a standard drug was 13 mg/kg of body weight. The tests were conducted on mice suffering from hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxonat at a dose of 300 mg/kg of body weight intraperitoneally and chicken liver juice orally. Measurement of blood uric acid levels were performed using an Easy Touch® every hour for 4 hours after being given test preparations. The results showed that the ethanol extract and the fractions lowered blood uric acid levels in mice. The water fractions at the three doses showed the highest activity with a decrease of 40,31 %, 48.53 % and 48.07 %, followed by the n-hexana fraction (46.4 and 44.2%), the ethanol extract (33.41; 39.69 and 45.83%) and the ethyl acetate fraction (42.77; 36.82 and 28.84 %) in the 4th hour. These results illustrated that the Syzygium jambos leaves has the potential to be used as antihyperuricemia. Keywords: Syzygium jambos, antihyperuricemia, potassium oxonat,

chicken liver juice,



Nonspecific Immune System Effect of Water

Extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Leaves

Suci Nar Vikasari*, Sri Wahyuningsih, Afifah Bambang Sutjiatmo, Kennanti Ramadona Fauzi, Faizal Hermanto, Puspa Sari Dewi

Solihah

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jl. Terusan Jenderal

Sudirman PO BOX 148 Cimahi 40533 Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

An immunomodulator is used to repair the immune system, and

sometimes it is used as adjuvant therapy. Several herbal medicines can

be used as an immunomodulator, such as Phyllanthus niruri, Echinacea,

Panax ginseng, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, and Averrhoa bilimbi. This

study is conducted to evaluate the effect of water extract of A.bilimbi

leaves on the nonspecific immune system on male Swiss Webster mice.

The extract of A.bilimbi leaves is made in boiled water. The extract is

given per oral at doses of 9.88, 19.77, and 39.54 mg/kg BW. Zymosan

10 mg/kg BW (IP) and methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg BW (IP) is used as a

reference. Seven days after the extract is given, hematological profile,

immunomodulatory effect, the ratio of organ per body weight, and

histopathology of organs were evaluated. The parameter of the

hematological profile was leucocyte, and its differentiated (lymphocyte,

mid-sized cell, and granulocyte), erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit,

and platelet. The immunomodulatory effect was tested using carbon

clearance methods, and the parameter was the phagocytic index. The

result showed that the extract increased leucocyte and its differentiated,

erythrocyte, and platelet compared to control group. Phagocytic index

(K) of the extract at dose 19.77 and 39.54 mg/kg BW was 1.30 and 1.12.

The extract at dose 39.54 mg/kg BW increased the ratio of organ liver,

lymph, and kidney. It can be concluded that the water extract of A.bilimbi

affected the nonspecific immune system and considered as an

immunostimulant agent.

Keywords: Averhhoa bilimbi, immune system, immunomodulator,

carbon clearance, phagocytic index



Caryophyllene-type Sesquiterpenoid from the

Stem Bark of Aglaia harmsiana Parkins

(Meliaceae)

Winda Andika1, Virgi Maidina Sari1, Hersa Milawati1, Dikdik Kurnia1, Desi Harneti1, Unang Supratman1,2,*

1Departemen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia. 2Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363,

Indonesia. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Sesquiterpenoid is one of the natural products compounds, which has diversity in structure and found in a wide variety in the family of Meliaceae. Family Meliaceae is distributed in tropical countries, including Indonesia and the largest genus of this family is Aglaia. One known caryopyllene-type sesquiterpenoid, -caryophyllene oxide (4,4 mg), was isolated from the n-hexane extract of the stem bark of Aglaia harmsiana Parkins. The chemical structure of the compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation. Keywords: -caryophyllene oxide, Aglaia harmsiana, Meliaceae,

sesquiterpenoid.



Synthesis of Analogue of Antioxidant Scap1

Irana R. Sabana1, Achmad Zainuddin1, Dadan Sumiarsa1, Rani Maharani1,2,*

1Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam,

Universitas Padjadjaran Jalan Raya Bandung- Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor,

Kab. Sumedang 45363 (022) 842 88888 2Laboratorium Sentral Unpad Padjadjaran Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang

Km. 21 Jatinangor, Kab. Sumedang 45363 0818-0212-2547


Bioactive peptides are peptides with biological activity such as hormones or drugs. One of sources of bioactive peptides is marine animals. Bioactive peptides from marine animals have been reported to have diverse activities. Umayaparvathi (2014) has successfully isolated several bioactive peptides with antioxidants activity from oysters (Saccostrea cucullata). One of the isolated peptides is SCAP1 (Leu-Ala-Asn-Ala-Lys), which has a high antioxidant activity. Studies on SCAP1 was carried out to find a synthesis method for this compound as this compound has not been synthesized priorly. Besides the SCAP1, the analogues of SCAP1 was also designed and sythesised. This was undertaken to find a more active antioxidant peptide. The design for the analogues is based on the replacement of amino acid residues. This study reported on the synthesis of SCAP1a analog (Leu-Ala-Asn-Ala-Leu) with the possibility of better antioxidant activity than its leading compounds. The solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method was employed because this method does not require purification at each stage, so the time required for the synthesis is shorter. SCAP1a has been successfully synthesized as much 69.4 mg with 15.4% yield. Purification was carried out by RP-MPLC chromatography (acetonitrile:water). Characterization of SCAP1a was performed using ESI-MS with the appearance of molecular ion peak [M + H]+ at m/z 501.4, corresponding to m/z 500.4 of SCAP1a. The structure of the SCAP1a was also confirmed by 1H-NMR data. Keywords: Antioxidant peptide, SCAP1, solid-phase peptide synthesis



Identification of Flavonoid Compounds from

Ethyl Acetate Extract of Kalanchoe millotii

(Crassulaceae) and Antibacterial Activity

Yenny Febriani Yun1, Issana Pramordha Wardhani1, Nurhabibah Alawiyah1, Dewi Meliati Agustini1, Lilis Siti Aisyah1, Sari Purbaya1,

Unang Supratman2, Yoshihito Shiono3

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, Jenderal

Achmad Yani University, Cimahi 40528 2Natural Product Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Bandung-

Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363 3Department of Food, Life, and Environmental Science, Faculty of

Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Two flavonoids from ethyl acetate extract of Kalanchoe millotii (Crassulaceae) have been identified as eriodictyol (1) and quercetin (2). The ethyl acetate extract was separated by combination of column chromatography on silica gel and HPLC preparative to afford 1 and 2. The molecular structures elucidations of both compounds (1-2) were carried out using spectroscopic studies (UV, IR, MS and NMR). In antibacterial assays, ethyl acetate extract, 1, and 2 were found effective against Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eriodictyol (1) showed the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values on both bacteria, which was at 1 mg/mL, and ethyl acetate extract showed S. mutans MIC value at 0.125 mg/mL and 0.250 mg/mL for P. aeruginosa. The ethyl acetate extract showed MBC value at 0.250 mg / mL on both bacteria. Keywords: Kalanchoe millotii, flavonoid, eriodictyol, quercetin,

antibacterial



Flavanoids from the Stembark of Chisocheton pentandrus (Meliaceae)

Nurlelasari1,*, Supriatno1, Ace Tatang Hidayat1, Desi Harneti, P.H.1, Rani Maharani1,2, Unang Supratman1,2, Khalijah Awang3


Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia 2Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia

3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,

Kuala Lumpur 59100.


Chisocheton plant is a higher plant and mainly distributed in the north of Sulawesi (Indonesia). In the further search for novel compounds from Indonesian Chisocheton plants, recently we explored the phytochemistry of the stembark of C. pentandrus. Its stembark has been used as an Indonesian folk medicine for reducing fever, moisturizing the lungs, and for treating contused wound. Plants from this genus have been known to be a rich source of secondary metabolites including various sterols, terpenoids and alkaloids with biologically properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antiplasmodial agents. Two flavanoid compounds, catechin (1) and epicatechin (2), have been isolated from the stembark of C. pentandrus. The chemical structure of compounds 1 and 2 were identified by spectroscopic data including, UV, IR, NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT 135°, HMQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY) and MS and by comparison with previously reported spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2, were isolated in this plant for first time. Keywords: Chisocheton pentandrus, catechin, epicatechin,

Meliaceae, MCF-7



Effect of Long Term Storage of Extract to

Curcumin Level in Ethanol Extract of Curcuma

domestica Val.

Riyanto*, Yon Haryanto

Laboratorium Biologi Farmasi, Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Turmeric (Curcuma domestica, Val.) has been widely used as an ingredient in traditional medicine. It is also useful as a raw material for herbal and cosmetic industries, cooking ingredients, livestock and many more. The rhizome of the turmeric plant is also useful as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cancer prevention, antitumor, and lowering blood fat and cholesterol levels, and blood cleanser. The active ingredient in turmeric is essential oils and curcuminoids. Turmeric has 10.92% of curcuminoids. Curcuminoids in turmeric rhizome consist of curcumin 75%, dimethoxycurcumin 15-20%, and bismethoxycurcumin 3%. This study is expected to determine the effect of storage time and shelf life duration of extracts on the levels of curcumin compounds in ethanol extract of turmeric. Data obtained from this research are KLT profile and sample measurement result and standard of curcumin read using TLC densitometer. Calculation of curcumin levels used a linear regression equation with the formula Y = a + bx. The results showed that the level of curcumin on the duration of saving 0-week extract was at average 40.90 mg/g, the duration of the average 1 week saving extract gave 41.54 mg/g, the average length of 2-week extract was 37.25 mg/g, 3-week extract resulted in average of 25.65 mg/g, while the duration of saving 4-week extract gave average 19.52 mg/g. This data suggests that the longer the storage of turmeric ethanol extract in the desiccator decreases the curcumin level. Keywords: Long store, curcumin, extract, turmeric (Curcuma

domestica Val.)



Purification of Ethanolic Extract of Sambiloto

(Andrographis paniculata, Ness) with Various

Comparison of Mobile Phase

Yon Haryanto*, Riyanto

Laboratorium Biologi Farmasi, Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta


Bioactive compound contained in sambiloto plants (Andrographis

paniculata Ness.) is a nutritious andrografolide that can prevent diabetes

mellitus (DM). To obtain the optimum condition on the purification

process of ethanolic extract of sambiloto, the composition of mobile

phase used in the purification process with Vaccum Liquid

Chromatography (VLC) needs to be optimised to give purified

andrographolide with high yield. Methanol and chloroform were the

mobile phase used to purify the ethanol extract of sambiloto. The

objective of the proposed study was to obtain an optimum ratio of

methanol and chloroform to produce high yield of andrographolide and

with the highest purity from ethanol extract purification process. In this

research, purification and isolation of andrographolide compounds were

carried out using the VLC method with a variation of methanol:

chloroform of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. The isolated andrographolide was

characterised qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that

the average weight of the highest crystalline andrographolide was

obtained using methanol: chloroform (1: 9) phase, which yielded 0.2433

grams of crystalline of andrographoly with 93.06% content.

Keywords: Mobile Phase ratio, sambiloto, andrografolide



Study on Antioxidant Activity of Kemboja

(Plumeria rubra) Stem Wood Extract Based

on Solvent Polarity Level

Lilis Siti Aisyah*, Juli Eka Damayanti, Yusi Fudiesta

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

*Corresponding author : [email protected]

A study on antioxidant activity of kemboja stemwood extract (Plumeria rubra) was done based on solvent polarity level. The purpose of this research is to find out the value of IC50 and to know the antioxidant compound isolated from the stemwood extract Kemboja (Plumeria rubra) based on the polarity level of the solvent. The extraction of stem wood Kemboja (Plumeria rubra) was carried out by using maceration method. Testing of antioxidant activity was undertaken using DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picylhydrazil). The results showed that methanolic extract had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 309.6150 ppm, while IC50 value of ethyl acetate extract was 839.3989 ppm and n-hexane extract was 4037.4669 ppm. Keywords: Kemboja (Plumeria rubra), IC50, antioxidant activity,

DPPH



Aphrodisiac Activity and Some Secondary

Metabolites from Ethanol Extract of Fruit Of

Piper retrofractum

Iqbal Musthapa1,*, Gun Gun Gumilar1, Deden Winda Suwandi2, Aji Najihudin2

1Department of Chemistry, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, JICA Building

4-5th floor, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung 40154. 2Pharmacy Programme, Universitas Garut, Jl. Jati no 42 B Garut


The aphrodisiac activity of ethanol extract of fruit of piper retrofractum has been evaluated in mice by observing mounting latency (ML), intromotion latency (IL), ejaculation latency (EL), mounting frecuency (MF), intromotion frecuency (IF), ejaculation frecuency (EF) and post ejaculation interval (PEI). Those parameters was observed before and during the sexual behaviour study at day of 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The ethanol extract of P. retrofractum exhibited significant aphrodisiac behaviour in mice at all doses i.e 100, 200 and 400 (mg/Kg body wt). Among these, the highest activity was observed with the 200 mg/kg body wt dose when the mountings were calculated about 180 second after the administration of the test extracts. In addition, from this extract, two secondary metabolites compounds i.e piperine (1), and methyl piperate (2) were successfully isolated. The structure of those compounds was determined using spectroscopic methods including FTIR, and 1D-NMR. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Piper retrofractum, aphrodisiac, sexual

behavior



Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitory of the Fruits of

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa

Ferlinahayati1,*, Daniel Alfarado1, Eliza1, Budi Untari2


University of Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32 Inderalaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatera

2Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32 Inderalaya,

Ogan Ilir, South Sumatera *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by homeostatic glucose imbalance that can cause various complications. The disease is treated by controlling blood sugar levels by inhibiting the activity of alpha glucosidase enzyme. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is a flowering plant in Myrtaceae family. Traditionally, this plant has been used for treating diabetes mellitus. Several polyketides, flavonoid and terpenoid derivatives have been reported from this plant. The research purposed to determine the alpha glucosidase inhibitory from the extract and fractions as well as its isolated compounds of the fruits of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa. In vitro evaluation of alpha glucosidase inhibitory were carried out by using microplate reader (spectrophotometric method). Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction possesed potent inhibitory activity against alpha glucosidase with IC50 of 61.47 and 94.03 ppm, respectively that was compared to acarbose as the positive control (IC50= 142.76 ppm). The alpha glucosidase inhibitory of the methanol extract was lower than acarbose with the IC50 value of 210.50 ppm. The alpha glucosidase inhibitory of two polyketide compounds isolated from ethyl acetate fraction are being carried out. Keywords: Alpha glucosidase, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, antidiabetic,

polyketide



Steroid Compound from the Stembark of

Aglaia minahassae (Meliaceae)

Nunung Kurniasih1,2, Asep Supriadin1, Mohamad Fajar2, Rizky Abdulah3, Desi Harneti 2, Unang Supratman2,4,*, Mohamad Nurul

Azmi B Mohamad Taib5

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sunan

Gunung Djati Islamic State University, Bandung 40614, Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia 3Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,

Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia 4Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia

5School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia,11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia


Previous phytochemical studies from the Aglaia genus reported the presence of steroids and triterpenes. This research described the isolation and structure elucidation of steroid compounds from the stembark of Aglaia minahassae. Dried stembark of A. minahassae was extracted with methanol and then partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol, respectively. The n-hexane extract was then separated and purified with chromatography techniques to obtain isolated compound. The chemical structure of isolated compound was elucidated by one and two-dimensional NMR. The compound identified as steroid. Keywords: Aglaia minahassae, stembark, steroid.



Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity of

Kirinyuh (Astroeupatorium inulaefolium)

Sandi V.Z. Siswanto1,*, Jasmansyah1, Hernandi Sudjono1, Yana M. Syah2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of

Jenderal Ahmad Yani, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia 2Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Organic Chemistry Division,

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung,

Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia * Corresponding author: [email protected]

Isolation of secondary metabolite of kirinyuh leaves (Astroeupatorium inulaefolium) has been conducted. About 354 grams of kirinyuh leaves have been macerated for 3x24 hours using the acetone and produced 44 grams of acetone extract. Twenty-two grams of the extract were separated by various techniques such as liquid vacuum chromatography, column chromatography, and radial chromatography to produce one pure compound. The purified compound is like yellowish needle-crystal with 32.8 mg of mass, that was then characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY, HMQC, and HMBC. One terpenoid derivative has been isolated and identified as inulifolium E, which is classified to labdanes diterpene that was previously found in the same plant and has been reported. Results of antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and Citrobacter freundii gave MIC> 250 ppm each. It shows this compound has very weak bacterial activities Keywords: Austroeupatorium inulaefolium, secondary metabolite,

inulifolinon E, MIC, Bacillus cereus, Citrobacter freundii



Qualitative Exploration of Secondary

Metabolite Compounds in Potato (Solanum

tuberosum) Tubers With LC/ESI-ToF-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray

Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry)

Muhammad Yudhistira Azis1,*, Yana Maolana Syah2, Suryo Gandasasmita1

1Analytical Chemistry division, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Bandung

Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2Organic Chemistry division, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Bandung

Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia


The glycoalkaloids are type of secondary metabolites in potato plants that

could effectively beneficial or cause damage for others organisms.

However, no clear information, which can explain the relationship

between the decreasing qualities of each generation of the potato plants

with compounds contain from their tubers, which are site of viral infection

in potato plants. This research was conducted to make early study in

order to explore the potential changes of secondary metabolites

contained in the extract of sprout potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum)

and nonsprout from each generation. Analysis method were performed

using LC/ESI-ToF-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-

Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry) in positive ion mode [M+H] and

negative ion mode [M-H]. The molecular weight found in the peak with high intensity were -solanine (m/z = 868.5058) and -chaconine (m/z

= 852.5109) in positive ion mode [M + H]. In addition, the negative ion

mode [M-H] found a molecular weight of m/z = 896.5076, which might

have formed due to the addition of the functional group in both

glycoalkaloid compounds. In the sprout was also found that both glycoalkaloid compounds (-chaconine and -solanine) can be separated

even with low separation capacity or resolution

Keywords: Glycoalkaloid, -solanine, -chaconine, LC/ESI-ToF-MS



Antibacterial Activity of Extract and Two

Secondary Metabolite Compounds from The

Leaves of Hydrangea macrophylla

Dewi Meliati Agustini1*, Elvira Hermawati2, Sopi Widianingsih1, Yenny Febriani Yun1, Ferina Rengganis1

1Chemistry Department of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI),Jl.

Terusan Jenderal Sudirman Cimahi 2Chemistry Department of Institute of Technology Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10

Bandung


Hydrangea macrophylla is ornamental plant which is known as Brondong

flower and has been widely reported to contain a variety of secondary

metabolites which have some activity as antimalarial, antiallergic,

antidiabetic and also potentially as antibacterial. Therefore this research

aims to obtain secondary metabolites from leaves of this ornamental

plants that can provide antibacterial activity.The isolation stage was

started with the maceration of processed leaves by using n-hexane and

methanol to get an extract. Then the extract were separated by Vacuum

Liquid Chromatography (VLC) method and were purified by radial

chromatography which were guided by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)

method. The antibacterial assay of the extract and isolate compounds

was performed by microdilution method against Salmonella thypii,

Shigella dysenteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,

Pseudomonas aureginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These isolation

step yielded two secondary metabolites i.e. hydrangenol and

thunberginol A and were analyzed by UV, IR, and 1H-NMR (1D)

spectroscopy, and were compared with the literature. The methanol

extract showed bacteriostatic properties with strong activity against S.

thypii, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, and moderate activity against

S. dysenteria, E.coli, and S. aureus. The hydrangenol showed

bacteriostatic properties with moderate activity against S. dysenteriae

and a weak activity against S. typhii. The thunberginol A showed

bacteriostatic properties with moderate activity against S. typhii, S.

aureus, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, and a weak activity against S.


dysenteriae and E. coli. In addition, the thunberginol A also showed

bactericidal properties with weak activity against S. aureus and E. coli.

Keywords: Hydrangea macrophylla, Brondong flower, hydrangenol,

thunberginol A, antibacterial activity



Antibacterial Activity of Extract and Three

Secondary Metabolite Compounds from The

Bark of Tataruman Plants (Dichroa febrifuga Lour)

Dewi Meliati Agustini1*, Elvira Hermawati2, Nita Octaviani1, Lilis Siti

Aisyah1

1Chemistry Department of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI),Jl.

Terusan Jenderal Sudirman Cimahi 2Chemistry Department of Institute of Technology Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10

Bandung *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Dichroa febrifuga Lour is known as the "tataruman" plant has been widely reported to contain various secondary metabolites which have various activities, including as anticancer, antimalarial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and also potentially as antibacterial. Therefore this research aims to obtain secondary metabolites from bark of the tataruman plant that can provide antibacterial activity. The isolation stage was started with the maceration of processed bark by using methanol to get an extract. Then the extract was separated by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) method and were purified by radial chromatography which were guided by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The antibacterial assay of the extract and isolate compounds was performed by microdilution method against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. This isolation step yielded three secondary metabolites namely stigmasterol, a mixture of stigmast-4,22-diene-3-one and stigmast-4-ene-3-one and ergosterol peroxide. These metabolites were analyzed by UV, IR, and 1H-NMR (1D) spectroscopy, and were compared with the literature. The methanol extract showed bacteriostatic properties with strong activity against S. typhii, and E. coli and showed bacteriocide against S. aureus and B. subtilis. Stigmasterol showed bacteriostatic properties with moderate activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. typhii and E. coli


and effectively as bacteriocide against S. aureus and E. coli. The mixture of stigmast-4,22-diena-3-on and stigmast-4-ena-3-on showed bacteriostatic properties with moderate activity against B. subtilis and S. typhii and effectively as bacteriocide against B. subtilis. Then, ergosterol peroxide showed bacteriostatic properties with moderate activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis and were not effective as bacteriocide. Keywords: Dichroa febrifuga Lour, stigmasterol, a mixture of

stigmast-4,22-diene-3-one and stigmast-4-ene-3-one, ergosterol peroxide, antibacterial activity



Characterization of Alpha Amylase from

Bacillus sp. K2Br5

Tina Dewi Rosahdi1, Fitriyani Nurul Hidayati1, Tia Bestiana1, Rija Lailatus Syifa1, Risma Khoerunnisa1, Galih Lenggana1, Anggita

Rahmi Hafsari2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, UIN Sunan

Gunung Djati, Bandung 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, UIN Sunan

Gunung Djati, Bandung *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Alpha amylase was successfully isolated from Bacillus sp. K2Br5 from the Rhizosphere soil, Citatah Karst region. Separation of alpha amylase was carried out by fractination salting out method by adding (NH4)2SO4. The fractination result was then dialyzed using 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7 at 60 % (NH4)2SO4 fraction. The enzyme activity was determined by the DNS method and protein content by the Bradford method. The specific activity of crudeextract alpha amylase was 2,362 U/mg and increased in 60% ammonium sulfate fraction after dialysis to 5,452 U/mg. The optimum enzyme activity is pH 6,0 and temperature 40 C using 50 mM phosphate citrate buffer pH 6,0. The activity of alpha amylase can be stimulated by the addition of Zn2 plus and Ca2 plus ions but the activity decreased with the addition of Cu2 plus, Na plus, and Mn plus ions, and EDTA as chelating agent. Furthermore, the addition of acarbose that act as inhibitor and NaCl also causes enzyme activity to decrease as the concentration was increased. The degradation and adsorption ability of alphaamylase were evaluated on various types of raw starch, such as wheat, rice, tapioca, potatoes, and corn with hydrolysis percentage range from 50 until 60% and adsorption percentage range from 39 until 71%. Keywords: Alpha Amylase, Bacillus sp. K2Br5, dialysis, fractination,

DNS method, Bradford method



Volatile Constituents of Three West Java

Syzygium species

Ruchiyat1, Iqbal Musthapa2, Tati Herlina1, Unang Supratman1,*

1Department of Chemistry, Universitas Padjajaran

2Department of Chemistry education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia


The volatile constituents of three Syzygium species (Syzygium aqueum, Syzygium myrtifolium, and Syzygium polyanthum) from West Java Indonesia were determined by gas chomatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this reserach, the volatile constituents of the three species were compared to those previously reported from S. aromaticum. Among the analysed Syzygium species, the volatile compositions of S. aqueum, and S. myrtifolium are reported for the first time. β-pinene were found to be the most characteristic components of S. aqueum and S. myrtifolium. The presence of cyclic monoterpenoids in S. aqueum and S. myrtifolium indicated that those species has similar constituents with S. aromaticum. On the other hand, S. polyanthum was characterized by the presence of patchouli alcohol Keywords: Pinene, patchouli alcohol, Syzygium aqueum, Syzygium

myrtifolium, Syzygium polyanthum, volatile



Apparent inhibition of tubulin polymerization

by hyptolide from Hyptis pectinata

Meiny Suzery1*, Bambang Cahyono1,Cahyo Budiman2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia;

2Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu,

Malaysia *Correspondent author: [email protected]

Microtubules are ubiquitous cellular polymers, which were known to have vital roles within the cell, particularly in mitosis event. Accordingly, these polymers have been considered for a viable target for development of anticancer drugs displaying antimitotic activity. As such, a wide variety of antimitotic compounds are currently in clinical use and in development by altering microtubule dynamics. Lactone group was known to have promising suppression effect towards polymerization of microtubules. Most of studies on anti-tubulin activity were so far reported on β-lactone group, which leads to the question if the other member of lactone groups would exhibit similar property. We have previously reported that hyptolide, a member of δ-lactone isolated from Indonesian Hyptis pectinata displays ability to bind to tubulin molecule in silico but no experimental evidences on inhibitory property of hyptolide toward polymerization of microtubules. This study aims to investigate the effect of hyptolide, a member of δ-lactone, toward polymerization of microtubules. To address, hyptolide was reisolated from Hyptis pectinata. Tubulin polymerization was then assayed using tubulin isolated from porcine brain tissue at pH 6.9. The polymerization rate was monitored by an increase in absorbance at 340 nm over a 60-minute period at 37°C. The result showed that in the absence of hyptolide, the polymerization curve reached maximum after about 30 min. Interestingly, in the presence of hyptolide (up to 50 μM) maximum value for the curve is considerably much lower than that of in the absence of hyptolide. This suggested that hyptolide display remarkable ability to inhibit the polymerization. We also found that the inhibition is a concentration dependent function. We further


discussed the mechanism by which this compound exhibiting this activity. Keywords: hyptolide, Hyptis pectinata, microtubule, tubulin,

antimitotic compounds



Isolation and Identification of Isolate from

Callus of Plant Tissue Culture of Piper

retrofractum Vahl

Fahrauk Faramayuda1, Elfahmi2, Jaka Permana1

1Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jenderal Achmad Yani University

2School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)


Previous research has conducted callus induction of the leaves of Piper

retrofractum Vahl. After various addition of regulatory substances with

some variation of concentrations, callus of cabe jawa was formed at

regulatory substance of 2.4D : BAP (0.5:0.5). Secondary metabolite

analysis was carried out using thin layer chromatography (TLC) method

with ethyl acetate: n-hexane (7: 3) as mobile phase. It was found that

there is a spot that appeared on the extract of Piper retrofractum yielded

with tissue culture method while this spot was not found in the plant

extract simplisia. Based on this data, further identification was done to

find out secondary metabolite from the plant tissue culture. Separation

of secondary metabolites was done by preparative TLC and was identified

using spectrophotometry UV-Vis and Infrared Spectrophotometry. The

results of identification indicated the presence of terpene compounds

shown by purple stains on the visual appearance after sprayed by vanillin

10% in H2SO4. The isolate wavelengths were at 272.6 nm and 226.8 nm

indicating the presence of chromophore groups. Identification using

infrared spectrophotometry showed the presence of -CH bonds at

wavelengths of 2953,02-2852,72 cm-1, C=O bonds at wavelengths of

1743.65 - 1735.93 cm-1, C=C at wavelengths 1460.11 cm-1, -CH2 and -

CH3 at wavelengths 1377.17 cm-1, C-O at wavelengths 1184.29 - 1165.00

cm-1. From the result of identification using spectrophotometry UV-Vis,

IR and vanillin 10 % in H2SO4, the isolates were known as terpenoid

compounds.

Keywords: Piper retrofractum Vahl, plant tissue culture, TLC,

identification, terpenoid


SPONSOR

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CV. Sarana Abadi Kreasindo


AUTHOR INDEX A A. Ghanaim Fasya (Mr.)

Abdullah Muzi Marpaung (Dr.) Achmad Zainuddin (Dr.)

Ade Chandra Iwansyah (Dr.) Adryan Fristiohady (Mr.)

Agus Chahyadi (Dr.) Aisyah Salihah Kamarozaman (Ms.)

Aji Najihudin (Mr.) Akhmad Darmawan (Dr.)

Alfonds Andrew Maramis (Dr.)

Amelinda Pratiwi (Ms.)

Ana Hidayati Mukaromah (Dr.) Anceu Murniati (Dr.)

Andi Suhendi (Mr.) Aprilina Mora Ardani (Ms.)

Asep Supriadin (Dr.) Atun Qowiyyah (Ms.)

D

Dasril Basir (Mr.) Dede Sukandar (Mr.)

Deden Suwandi (Mr.) Desi Harneti (Dr.)

Dewa Gede Kaatja Dewa (Dr.) Dewi Meliati Agustini (Ms.)

Dewi Sari Mulia (Ms.) Dian Angrianis (Ms.)

Dian Angrianis (Ms.) Dian Nugraheni (Ms.)

Diana Widiastuti (Ms.)

E

Edy Soesanto (Mr.) Elfita Elfita (Prof.)

Eliza Eliza (Dr.) Elok kamilah Hayati (Ms.)

Elvira Hermawati (Dr.) Erdawati Bayazid (Prof.)

Eri Bachtiar (Mr.)

F

Fahrauk Faramayuda (Mr.)

Faizal Hermanto (Mr.)

Farid Perdana (Mr.) Febrian Roman (Mr.)

Fera Kurniadewi (Dr.) Ferlinahayati Ferlinahayati (Dr.)

Fikri Alatas (Dr.) FITRI SETIYONINGRUM (Ms.)

H

Hadi kuncoro (Dr.) Hadi Supriadi (Mr.)

Hailong Zhang (Mr.)

HAMIZAH MUHAMAD NAZERI (Ms.)

Hanhan Dianhar (Mr.) Hernandi Sujono (Mr.)

I

I Wayan Mudianta (Dr.) Idin Sahidin (Prof.)

Indriyani Annisa (Ms.) Iqbal Musthapa (Dr.)

Irana Sabana (Ms.) Isna Athirah Othman (Ms.)

Istihanah Nurul Eskani (Ms.)

J Jasmansyah Jasmansyah (Dr.)

L

Lilis Rosmainar Tambunan (Ms.) LILIS SITI Aisyah (Dr.)

M Meiny Suzery (Dr.)

Mochammad Arfin F. Nasution (Mr.) Mohamad Hamizan Mohd Isa (Mr.)

Mohamad Rafi (Dr.) Muhammad Widyo Wartono (Mr.)

Muhammad Yanis Musdja (Dr.) Muhammad Yudhistira Azis (Dr.)

Muharni Muharni (Dr.)

N

Nadya Amaliya (Ms.)

Nenden Fauziah (Ms.)


Neneng Windayani (Dr.)

Nila Tanyela Berghuis (Dr.)

Nindya Firdina Mahya (Ms.) Nunung Kurniasih (Ms.)

Nur Annisa Chandra (Ms.) Nurlansi Siharis (Prof.)

Nurlelasari Nurlelasari (Dr.) Nurul Ambardhani (Ms.)

O

Orin Inggriani Napitupulu (Ms.)

P Pramukti Nawar Raidah (Ms.)

Q

Qivi Azizah (Ms.)

R Rahmat Kurniawan (Mr.)

Rani Maharani (Dr.) Redzuan Nul Hakim A. Razak (Mr.)

Ricson Pemimpin Hutagaol (Mr.) Riga Riga (Mr.)

Rina Budi Satiyarti (Ms.) Rini Muharini (Dr.)

Risa Erlinda Octarina (Ms.) Riska Prasetiawati (Ms.)

Risyandi Anwar (Dr.) Riyanto A.Md. (Mr.)

Riza Apriani (Ms.) Rizki Fitriani (Ms.)

Rosmawaty Juhandi (Ms.) Ruchiyat Ruchiyat (Mr.)

S

Sandi Vico Zalastica Siswanto (Mr.)

Santi Amelia Sari (Ms.)

SITI NUR ATIQAH MD OTHMAN (Ms.) Siti Warnasih (Ms.)

Sofa Fajriah (Dr.) Sri Anggarini Rasyid (Ms.)

Sri Fatmawati (Dr.) Sri Hartati Yuliani (Dr.)

Sri Wahyuningsih (Dr.) Suci Nar Vikasari (Ms.)

Supriatno Supriatno (Mr.)

T Tati Herlina (Dr.)

Tina Dewi Rosahdi (Ms.) Titta Hartyana Sutarna (Ms.)

U

Ukun Soedjanaatmadja (Prof.)

V Valentina A. Kusumaningtyas (Dr.)

Vera Nurviana (Ms.)

W Wa Ode Sitti Musnina (Ms.)

Wahyuni Wahyuni (Ms.) wahyuningsih sri (Dr.)

Winda Andika Sukmawati (Mr.) Wiro Naibaho (Mr.)

Y

Yenny Febriani Yun (Dr.) Yon Haryanto, S.TP. (Mr.)


Documents

isnpc-2018.unjani.ac.idisnpc-2018.unjani.ac.id/eBoA ISNPC 2018.pdf · 12-13 September 2018, Holiday Inn Hotel, Bandung, Indonesia PREFACE Natural Products have been a source of drugs