ISNE101Dr. Ken Cosh

Review

Dependability

Reliability

How do we improve it?

Security

Threats & Countering the Threats

This Week

Ethics

Ethical & Social Impact

Ethical issues in the areas of crime, privacy, individuality, employment, health and working conditions.

Impacts can be positive, negative or both; Computerising a manufacturing process has lead to

people losing jobs, while improving the working conditions of those left and producing higher quality product and less cost.

Managing Ethically

Should you monitor employees email? Should employees use work computers for

private purposes? Should they take copies of software home? Should you keep electronic copies of

employee’s personal records? Should you sell your customers information?

Management’s Ethical Challenges

Employment The introduction of IS/IT has created many new jobs, while at the same

time eliminating some – how do we ethically introduce job cutting systems?

Computer Monitoring How can we weigh up our employees right to privacy against the desire to

monitor computer usage (as a way of managing employees work)?

Management’s Ethical Challenges

Working Conditions While IS/IT has removed many repetitive, monotonous

tasks, often the human role has changed from one of a craftsman to one of a machine regulating a machine

Individuality Many IS/IT remove the individual treatment of people

by imposing strict, uncustomisable procedures. Rather than dealing with customers individually, we are constrained by the capabilities of the system.

Business Ethics

Stockholder Theory Managers are agents of the stockholders, with the ethical

responsibility to them to increase profits without breaking the law

Social Contract Theory Companies have an ethical responsibility to all members

of society.

Stakeholder Theory Managers should manage for the benefit of all

stakeholders; shareholders, customers, suppliers, local community, employees etc.

Unauthorised Use at Work

Time and Resource Theft (Cyberslacking) Often monitored by sniffing software.

Includes; General Email abuse (spamming, chain letters,

spoofing, virus spreading, harrassment, defamatory statements)

Unauthorised Usage and Access (Sharing passwords and network access)

Copyright Infringement / Plagiarism (illegal or pirate software, copying websites or logos)

Unauthorised Use at Work

Transmission of Confidential Data (Sharing company secrets)

Pornography (Accessing inappropriate websites on work resources)

Hacking Non-work-related bandwidth use (sharing movies, music

etc.) Leisure use (online shopping, chatting, gambling) Usage of External ISPs (avoiding detection by using

external ISP) Moonlighting (using company resources for personal

business).

Privacy

A basic human right is the right to privacy, but this right is brought into question by Technology. Accessing individuals private email conversations and

computer records is a violation of privacy

Monitoring peoples whereabouts through CCTV, computer monitoring, Mobile GPS.

Computer matching of customer information gained from different sources.

Collecting telephone number / email addresses etc. to build customer profiles

Anonymity

The internet allows almost anonymity

In reality much of it is very visible and open to privacy violations.

But precautions can be taken to protect privacy, such as encryption, authentication etc.

Freedom of Speech / Information

Freedom of speech (information and the press), is another important human right. Do people have a right to know about matters that

others may wish to keep private?

With modern communication systems, sharing opinions (using ones right to free speech) becomes easier; Flaming Spamming

Facebook…

So who has read Facebook’s Privacy Policy?