IPv6 - By Jackson Abraham

8/2/2019 IPv6 - By Jackson Abraham

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Agenda

IP

IPv4

IPv6 Features

Header

Comparisons

Applications

Advantages & Disadvantages

Conclusions

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Internet Protocol

Set of rules for sending informationbetween computers in the Internet.

Assignment of IP Addresses

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IP Address

It is a number given to each computeron the internet

Static IP addresses:

Computers have the same IP address for avery long time.

Dynamic IP addresses:

Computers change their IP address fromtime to time.

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IP version 4

It defines a 32 bit address

Each address consists of four numbers,called octets.

Available addresses232 :4,294,967,296

Example:

59.92.202.163

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IPv4 (continued)

The 32-bit IP addressing schemeinvolves a two level addressinghierarchy

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Host NumberNetwork Number/Prefix


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Classful Addressing

Divided into 5 classes

Class A

8 bits N/W id and 24

bits host id so on for B,C,D & E.

Wastage of IPaddresses by

assigning blocks ofaddresses which fallalong octetboundaries


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IP version 6

The next generation protocol for theInternet.

Developed by the Internet Engineering

Task Force (IETF)

Uses 128 bits

Number of Addresses 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456

Written in hexadecimal2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334

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Features of IPv6

Larger address space

Multicasting

Stateless address auto-configuration

(SLAAC)

Mandatory support for network layersecurity

(IPSec)

Jumbograms

Mobility

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IPv4 HeaderVersion IHL Type of Service Total Length

Identification Flags Fragment Offset

Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum

Source Address

Destination Address

Options Padding

- fields name kept from IPv4 to IPv6

- fields not kept in IPv6

- Name & position changed in IPv6


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IPv6 HeaderVersion Traffic Class Flow Label

Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit

Source Address

Destination Address


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IPv6 Header

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IPv6 Header (continued)

Source address: The 128-bit source address field contains the IPv6 address

of the originating node of the packet. It is the address of theoriginator of the IPv6 packet.

Destination address: The 128-bit contains the destination address of the recipient

node of the IPv6 packet. It is the address of the intendedrecipient of the IPv6 packet.

Version/IP version : The 4-bit version field contains the number 6. It indicates

the version of the IPv6 protocol. This field is the same sizeas the IPv4 version field that contains the number 4.

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Packet priority/Traffic class: The 8-bit Priority field in the IPv6 header can assume

different values to enable the source node to differentiatebetween the packets generated by it by associating

different delivery priorities to them.

Flow Label/QoS management : The 20-bit flow label field in the IPv6 header can be used

by a source to label a set of packets belonging to thesame flow.

Payload: The 16-bit payload length field contains the length of the

data field in octets/bits following the IPv6 packet header.

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Next Header: The 8-bit value

Specifies the transport layer protocol used by a

packet's payload. The two most common kinds of Next Headers:

TCP and UDP

Time To Live (TTL)/Hop Limit: The 8-bit Hop Limit field is decremented by one, byeach node that forwards a packet.

It identifies & discards packets that are stuck in anindefinite loop due to any routing information errors.

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Applications

o Videoconferencing tools, streaming,o Games

o Management and monitoring tools

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Advantages

IPv6 Large Addressing Space

Addressing & Routing Infrastructure

Efficiency in IPv6

Security Features is now Built-in

Quality of Service (QoS) of IPv6

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Disadvantage

IPv6 causes more CPU cycles on arouter/switch and has a higherbandwidth overhead

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Conclusion

IPv6 is NEW built on the experiences learned from IPv4 large address space

new efficient header auto-configuration


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Any

Questions???

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Thank You

224/26/2012

Documents

IPv6 - By Jackson Abraham