Ionic Bonding

What are ions?

• What are these ion things we keep talking about?

Ion – charged atom; has different number of electrons and protons

What are ions?

• Is there a way to represent them with a symbol, like we would represent the lithium atom with Li?

Symbol:

Na+Element Symbol

Ion Charge

Charges of +1 and -1 are written + and -

What is ionic bonding?

• How many valence electrons does each atom want to have?

Octet Rule – most atoms are stable with ____ valence electrons8

What are ions?Let’s look at the sodium atom. Na

Protons = Electrons =

Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic # = 23 – 11 =

Now the sodium ion, Na+.

Protons =

Neutrons =

Electrons =

11

12

11

12

10

11 p+ + 10 e- = +1

What are ions?Let’s look at the oxygen atom. O

Protons = Electrons =

Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic # = 16 – 8 =

Now the oxide ion, O2-.

Protons =

Neutrons =

Electrons =

8

8

8

8

10

8 p+ + 10 e- = -2

What are ions?

• What’s the difference between the ones that are postively charged and the ones that are negatively charged?

Cation – positively charged ion, loses valence electrons, smaller radius

What are ions?

• What’s the difference between the ones that are postively charged and the ones that are negatively charged?

Anion – negatively charged ion, gains valence electrons, larger radius

Labeling Ion PracticeLabel each ion you wrote earlier as a cation or anion.

Ion SymbolLiFBeON

Li+

F-

Be2+

O2-

N3-

cation

cation

anion

anion

anion

What are ions?

• What’s the difference between chloride and chlorite?

Monatomic Ion – ion with only one element

Polyatomic Ion – ion with more than one element

Labeling Ion PracticeHelp me label these as monatomic or polyatomic

Ion Mon- or Poly-Li+

F-

NH4+

SO42-

OH-

Monatomic

Polyatomic

Monatomic

Polyatomic

Polyatomic

What is ionic bonding?

Ionic Bonding – TRANSFER of valence electrons from a ______________ to a ______________

METAL

NONMETAL

Labeling Ion PracticeWhich of the following will make ionic bonds?

Element Ionic or Not?Lithium and FluorineIron and FluorineHydrogen and NitrogenCopper and TinAluminum and Oxygen

Ionic

Not ionic

Ionic

Not Ionic

Ionic

H is a NONMETAL

Group Activity

• Each of you will get an ion card. I will ask a series of questions, and you will answer based on your ion.

Group Activity

• Metals on one side of the room, nonmetals on the other.• What do you notice about the cations and anions?

• Sort yourself by group (alkali metals, halogens, etc.)• What’s special about transition metals?

• What do you notice about the charges?

• Could we make a set of rules regarding charge and column number?

Group Activity

•  

• Column 1 metals have a charge of _________. • Column 2 metals have a charge of __________.•  Transition metals have _________________ charges.• Column 13 metals have a charge of __________.• Column 16 nonmetals have a charge of ___________.• Column 17 nonmetals have a charge of __________.

+1

+2

varying

+3

-2

-1

Individual Practice

• Fill out the Ionic Bonding Practice worksheet