Ionians in Pasargadae: Studies in Old Persian Architecture by Carl NylanderReview by: Hermann GoetzJournal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 93, No. 3 (Jul. - Sep., 1973), p. 372Published by: American Oriental SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/599505 .

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Journal of the American Oriental Society 93.3 (1973) Journal of the American Oriental Society 93.3 (1973) Journal of the American Oriental Society 93.3 (1973) Journal of the American Oriental Society 93.3 (1973)

No small part of recognition for the appearance of these two volumes goes to Dr. Peshotan K. Anklesaria, the former principal of the Cama Athornan Institute in Bombay, whose sudden death has deprived his col-

leagues of warm friendship and prevented him from

writing a preface to the volumes. MARK J. DRESDEN

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

Turkish folklore reader. By ILHAN BA?GOZ. Pp. xv + 147 (153). Indiana University, Bloomington. Uralic and Altaic Series, Volume 120. MOUTON and Co. The Hague, The Netherlands: 1971. $7.

This graded reader is designed for "university and

college students who have completed a course of study in Turkish grammar, but who are not yet ready to follow complex literary texts." It includes folk tales, jokes, anecdotes, legends, folk stories, meddah tales, pas- sages from shadow and peasant plays, riddles, proverbs, prayers and tongue twisters (pp. 2-66). A series of

grammatical notes (pp. 69-91) and a vocabulary (pp. 95-

147) are added in order to enable the user to work through the selections "without reference to a dictionary or

grammar." The human, psychological and educational wisdom of this procedure is open to discussion, or so it

may seem to some. Teachers of Turkish are fortunate, indeed, to have this collection available. Together with Tietze's Literary reader and Advanced Turkish reader it will "be of ... help in relieving professors of ... extra work." As for the general value and desirability of this

pragmatic ambition, again, some teachers may want to

register a respectful minority opinion. The book is, of course, not only useful in itself but will also be wel- comed by both students and teachers.

MARK J. DRESDEN, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

lonians in Pasargadae: Studies in Old Persian Architecture.

By CARL NYLANDER. (Acta Universitatis Upsalien- sis: Boreas. Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediter- ranean and Near Eastern Civilisations, 1). C4, pp. 176, 48(63) figs. Uppsala-Stockholm: Almquist and Wiksell. 1972. Sw.Kr. 40, resp. 54.

This is a very specialized study, but of the greatest scientific and general interest, because it throws a lot of very convincing light on two questions of much vaster

importance: The genesis of Achaemenian art and the influence of archaic Greek art on it. Ionian Greeks of the West and South coasts of Asia Minor had become

subjects of the empire of Cyrus the Great when he had

No small part of recognition for the appearance of these two volumes goes to Dr. Peshotan K. Anklesaria, the former principal of the Cama Athornan Institute in Bombay, whose sudden death has deprived his col-

leagues of warm friendship and prevented him from

writing a preface to the volumes. MARK J. DRESDEN

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

Turkish folklore reader. By ILHAN BA?GOZ. Pp. xv + 147 (153). Indiana University, Bloomington. Uralic and Altaic Series, Volume 120. MOUTON and Co. The Hague, The Netherlands: 1971. $7.

This graded reader is designed for "university and

college students who have completed a course of study in Turkish grammar, but who are not yet ready to follow complex literary texts." It includes folk tales, jokes, anecdotes, legends, folk stories, meddah tales, pas- sages from shadow and peasant plays, riddles, proverbs, prayers and tongue twisters (pp. 2-66). A series of

grammatical notes (pp. 69-91) and a vocabulary (pp. 95-

147) are added in order to enable the user to work through the selections "without reference to a dictionary or

grammar." The human, psychological and educational wisdom of this procedure is open to discussion, or so it

may seem to some. Teachers of Turkish are fortunate, indeed, to have this collection available. Together with Tietze's Literary reader and Advanced Turkish reader it will "be of ... help in relieving professors of ... extra work." As for the general value and desirability of this

pragmatic ambition, again, some teachers may want to

register a respectful minority opinion. The book is, of course, not only useful in itself but will also be wel- comed by both students and teachers.

MARK J. DRESDEN, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

lonians in Pasargadae: Studies in Old Persian Architecture.

By CARL NYLANDER. (Acta Universitatis Upsalien- sis: Boreas. Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediter- ranean and Near Eastern Civilisations, 1). C4, pp. 176, 48(63) figs. Uppsala-Stockholm: Almquist and Wiksell. 1972. Sw.Kr. 40, resp. 54.

This is a very specialized study, but of the greatest scientific and general interest, because it throws a lot of very convincing light on two questions of much vaster

importance: The genesis of Achaemenian art and the influence of archaic Greek art on it. Ionian Greeks of the West and South coasts of Asia Minor had become

subjects of the empire of Cyrus the Great when he had

No small part of recognition for the appearance of these two volumes goes to Dr. Peshotan K. Anklesaria, the former principal of the Cama Athornan Institute in Bombay, whose sudden death has deprived his col-

leagues of warm friendship and prevented him from

writing a preface to the volumes. MARK J. DRESDEN

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

Turkish folklore reader. By ILHAN BA?GOZ. Pp. xv + 147 (153). Indiana University, Bloomington. Uralic and Altaic Series, Volume 120. MOUTON and Co. The Hague, The Netherlands: 1971. $7.

This graded reader is designed for "university and

college students who have completed a course of study in Turkish grammar, but who are not yet ready to follow complex literary texts." It includes folk tales, jokes, anecdotes, legends, folk stories, meddah tales, pas- sages from shadow and peasant plays, riddles, proverbs, prayers and tongue twisters (pp. 2-66). A series of

grammatical notes (pp. 69-91) and a vocabulary (pp. 95-

147) are added in order to enable the user to work through the selections "without reference to a dictionary or

grammar." The human, psychological and educational wisdom of this procedure is open to discussion, or so it

may seem to some. Teachers of Turkish are fortunate, indeed, to have this collection available. Together with Tietze's Literary reader and Advanced Turkish reader it will "be of ... help in relieving professors of ... extra work." As for the general value and desirability of this

pragmatic ambition, again, some teachers may want to

register a respectful minority opinion. The book is, of course, not only useful in itself but will also be wel- comed by both students and teachers.

MARK J. DRESDEN, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

lonians in Pasargadae: Studies in Old Persian Architecture.

By CARL NYLANDER. (Acta Universitatis Upsalien- sis: Boreas. Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediter- ranean and Near Eastern Civilisations, 1). C4, pp. 176, 48(63) figs. Uppsala-Stockholm: Almquist and Wiksell. 1972. Sw.Kr. 40, resp. 54.

This is a very specialized study, but of the greatest scientific and general interest, because it throws a lot of very convincing light on two questions of much vaster

importance: The genesis of Achaemenian art and the influence of archaic Greek art on it. Ionian Greeks of the West and South coasts of Asia Minor had become

subjects of the empire of Cyrus the Great when he had

No small part of recognition for the appearance of these two volumes goes to Dr. Peshotan K. Anklesaria, the former principal of the Cama Athornan Institute in Bombay, whose sudden death has deprived his col-

leagues of warm friendship and prevented him from

writing a preface to the volumes. MARK J. DRESDEN

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

Turkish folklore reader. By ILHAN BA?GOZ. Pp. xv + 147 (153). Indiana University, Bloomington. Uralic and Altaic Series, Volume 120. MOUTON and Co. The Hague, The Netherlands: 1971. $7.

This graded reader is designed for "university and

college students who have completed a course of study in Turkish grammar, but who are not yet ready to follow complex literary texts." It includes folk tales, jokes, anecdotes, legends, folk stories, meddah tales, pas- sages from shadow and peasant plays, riddles, proverbs, prayers and tongue twisters (pp. 2-66). A series of

grammatical notes (pp. 69-91) and a vocabulary (pp. 95-

147) are added in order to enable the user to work through the selections "without reference to a dictionary or

grammar." The human, psychological and educational wisdom of this procedure is open to discussion, or so it

may seem to some. Teachers of Turkish are fortunate, indeed, to have this collection available. Together with Tietze's Literary reader and Advanced Turkish reader it will "be of ... help in relieving professors of ... extra work." As for the general value and desirability of this

pragmatic ambition, again, some teachers may want to

register a respectful minority opinion. The book is, of course, not only useful in itself but will also be wel- comed by both students and teachers.

MARK J. DRESDEN, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

lonians in Pasargadae: Studies in Old Persian Architecture.

By CARL NYLANDER. (Acta Universitatis Upsalien- sis: Boreas. Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediter- ranean and Near Eastern Civilisations, 1). C4, pp. 176, 48(63) figs. Uppsala-Stockholm: Almquist and Wiksell. 1972. Sw.Kr. 40, resp. 54.

This is a very specialized study, but of the greatest scientific and general interest, because it throws a lot of very convincing light on two questions of much vaster

importance: The genesis of Achaemenian art and the influence of archaic Greek art on it. Ionian Greeks of the West and South coasts of Asia Minor had become

subjects of the empire of Cyrus the Great when he had

overthrown the Lydian empire, and Cyrus, as the founder of the Iranian empire, likewise was confronted with the

problem of creating an art adequate to its power and ideals. This art, of course, accepted the traditions of Elam, Assur and Media, even Egypt, but reinterpreted them in a new, quite different spirit, and in gigantic dimensions in harmony with the extension and huge power of this gigantic empire. And, as usual, it needed several generations until this new art found its peculiar style as shown in the ruins of Persepolis, reinterpreting earlier symbols in the spirit of Zoroastrism. This was a purely Near Eastern affair. But the size of the new ar- chitecture offered novel technical problems, although its

planning in principle was Anatolian. The author de- monstrates that most of the buildings at Pasargadae show archaic Greek masons' marks. Of course, the

question is not so simple. Dove-tail clamps and similar devices for the moving as well as fastening of masonry were not unknown in the Ancient East; but the Greek devices were much more numerous and better executed. And not in all buildings at Pasargadae is there evidence of them, e.g., not in the Zendan or in the Takht-i Madar-i Sulaiman. But there is no doubt that they have played a considerable role. Mr. Nylander offers a detailed survey of those of the tools which had left their marks, and also of the most important Greek parallels, especially at

Ephesus, Samos and Athens. Even more convincing are the examples where Greek architectural motifs pene- trated in this process, fluted columns and their torusses, or the mouldings, denticulations and gables of the Tomb of Cyrus. This leads the author to another step, the

drapery of the friezes of Persian soldiers, Iranian in its cut (cp. Luristan bronzes), but archaic Greek in its

arrangement. Pasargadae was doomed to be an interlude of international cooperation. Graeco-Achaemenian rela- tions deteriorated, and Persepolis, though much grander, has nothing of the creative grace of that first Iranian

capital. A most interesting treatise. HERMANN GOETZ

HEIDELBERG

Hermann Jacobi: Kleine Schriften. Herausgegeben von BERNHARD KOLVER. Two volumes. Pp. xxii + 1156.

(Glasenapp-Stiftung, 4, 1 and 4, 2.) Wiesbaden: FRANZ STEINER VERLAG. 1970. DM 98.00.

It is a pleasure to announce the publication of a selection from Hermann Jacobi's articles, under the

auspices of the Glasenapp-Stiftung. The two volumes contain more than seventy papers, reproduced photo- graphically from the original volumes. That means, that the editor had to make a choice among Jacobi's

overthrown the Lydian empire, and Cyrus, as the founder of the Iranian empire, likewise was confronted with the

problem of creating an art adequate to its power and ideals. This art, of course, accepted the traditions of Elam, Assur and Media, even Egypt, but reinterpreted them in a new, quite different spirit, and in gigantic dimensions in harmony with the extension and huge power of this gigantic empire. And, as usual, it needed several generations until this new art found its peculiar style as shown in the ruins of Persepolis, reinterpreting earlier symbols in the spirit of Zoroastrism. This was a purely Near Eastern affair. But the size of the new ar- chitecture offered novel technical problems, although its

planning in principle was Anatolian. The author de- monstrates that most of the buildings at Pasargadae show archaic Greek masons' marks. Of course, the

question is not so simple. Dove-tail clamps and similar devices for the moving as well as fastening of masonry were not unknown in the Ancient East; but the Greek devices were much more numerous and better executed. And not in all buildings at Pasargadae is there evidence of them, e.g., not in the Zendan or in the Takht-i Madar-i Sulaiman. But there is no doubt that they have played a considerable role. Mr. Nylander offers a detailed survey of those of the tools which had left their marks, and also of the most important Greek parallels, especially at

Ephesus, Samos and Athens. Even more convincing are the examples where Greek architectural motifs pene- trated in this process, fluted columns and their torusses, or the mouldings, denticulations and gables of the Tomb of Cyrus. This leads the author to another step, the

drapery of the friezes of Persian soldiers, Iranian in its cut (cp. Luristan bronzes), but archaic Greek in its

arrangement. Pasargadae was doomed to be an interlude of international cooperation. Graeco-Achaemenian rela- tions deteriorated, and Persepolis, though much grander, has nothing of the creative grace of that first Iranian

capital. A most interesting treatise. HERMANN GOETZ

HEIDELBERG

Hermann Jacobi: Kleine Schriften. Herausgegeben von BERNHARD KOLVER. Two volumes. Pp. xxii + 1156.

(Glasenapp-Stiftung, 4, 1 and 4, 2.) Wiesbaden: FRANZ STEINER VERLAG. 1970. DM 98.00.

It is a pleasure to announce the publication of a selection from Hermann Jacobi's articles, under the

auspices of the Glasenapp-Stiftung. The two volumes contain more than seventy papers, reproduced photo- graphically from the original volumes. That means, that the editor had to make a choice among Jacobi's

overthrown the Lydian empire, and Cyrus, as the founder of the Iranian empire, likewise was confronted with the

problem of creating an art adequate to its power and ideals. This art, of course, accepted the traditions of Elam, Assur and Media, even Egypt, but reinterpreted them in a new, quite different spirit, and in gigantic dimensions in harmony with the extension and huge power of this gigantic empire. And, as usual, it needed several generations until this new art found its peculiar style as shown in the ruins of Persepolis, reinterpreting earlier symbols in the spirit of Zoroastrism. This was a purely Near Eastern affair. But the size of the new ar- chitecture offered novel technical problems, although its

planning in principle was Anatolian. The author de- monstrates that most of the buildings at Pasargadae show archaic Greek masons' marks. Of course, the

question is not so simple. Dove-tail clamps and similar devices for the moving as well as fastening of masonry were not unknown in the Ancient East; but the Greek devices were much more numerous and better executed. And not in all buildings at Pasargadae is there evidence of them, e.g., not in the Zendan or in the Takht-i Madar-i Sulaiman. But there is no doubt that they have played a considerable role. Mr. Nylander offers a detailed survey of those of the tools which had left their marks, and also of the most important Greek parallels, especially at

Ephesus, Samos and Athens. Even more convincing are the examples where Greek architectural motifs pene- trated in this process, fluted columns and their torusses, or the mouldings, denticulations and gables of the Tomb of Cyrus. This leads the author to another step, the

drapery of the friezes of Persian soldiers, Iranian in its cut (cp. Luristan bronzes), but archaic Greek in its

arrangement. Pasargadae was doomed to be an interlude of international cooperation. Graeco-Achaemenian rela- tions deteriorated, and Persepolis, though much grander, has nothing of the creative grace of that first Iranian

capital. A most interesting treatise. HERMANN GOETZ

HEIDELBERG

Hermann Jacobi: Kleine Schriften. Herausgegeben von BERNHARD KOLVER. Two volumes. Pp. xxii + 1156.

(Glasenapp-Stiftung, 4, 1 and 4, 2.) Wiesbaden: FRANZ STEINER VERLAG. 1970. DM 98.00.

It is a pleasure to announce the publication of a selection from Hermann Jacobi's articles, under the

auspices of the Glasenapp-Stiftung. The two volumes contain more than seventy papers, reproduced photo- graphically from the original volumes. That means, that the editor had to make a choice among Jacobi's

overthrown the Lydian empire, and Cyrus, as the founder of the Iranian empire, likewise was confronted with the

problem of creating an art adequate to its power and ideals. This art, of course, accepted the traditions of Elam, Assur and Media, even Egypt, but reinterpreted them in a new, quite different spirit, and in gigantic dimensions in harmony with the extension and huge power of this gigantic empire. And, as usual, it needed several generations until this new art found its peculiar style as shown in the ruins of Persepolis, reinterpreting earlier symbols in the spirit of Zoroastrism. This was a purely Near Eastern affair. But the size of the new ar- chitecture offered novel technical problems, although its

planning in principle was Anatolian. The author de- monstrates that most of the buildings at Pasargadae show archaic Greek masons' marks. Of course, the

question is not so simple. Dove-tail clamps and similar devices for the moving as well as fastening of masonry were not unknown in the Ancient East; but the Greek devices were much more numerous and better executed. And not in all buildings at Pasargadae is there evidence of them, e.g., not in the Zendan or in the Takht-i Madar-i Sulaiman. But there is no doubt that they have played a considerable role. Mr. Nylander offers a detailed survey of those of the tools which had left their marks, and also of the most important Greek parallels, especially at

Ephesus, Samos and Athens. Even more convincing are the examples where Greek architectural motifs pene- trated in this process, fluted columns and their torusses, or the mouldings, denticulations and gables of the Tomb of Cyrus. This leads the author to another step, the

drapery of the friezes of Persian soldiers, Iranian in its cut (cp. Luristan bronzes), but archaic Greek in its

arrangement. Pasargadae was doomed to be an interlude of international cooperation. Graeco-Achaemenian rela- tions deteriorated, and Persepolis, though much grander, has nothing of the creative grace of that first Iranian

capital. A most interesting treatise. HERMANN GOETZ

HEIDELBERG

Hermann Jacobi: Kleine Schriften. Herausgegeben von BERNHARD KOLVER. Two volumes. Pp. xxii + 1156.

(Glasenapp-Stiftung, 4, 1 and 4, 2.) Wiesbaden: FRANZ STEINER VERLAG. 1970. DM 98.00.

It is a pleasure to announce the publication of a selection from Hermann Jacobi's articles, under the

auspices of the Glasenapp-Stiftung. The two volumes contain more than seventy papers, reproduced photo- graphically from the original volumes. That means, that the editor had to make a choice among Jacobi's

372 372 372 372

This content downloaded from 91.229.229.177 on Fri, 13 Jun 2014 00:40:31 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions