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Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
INVERTER-Y INVERTER-Y
TRAINING 2009TRAINING 2009
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
TOPICS
• Introduction to Y-InverterIntroduction to Y-Inverter
• Control AlgorithmControl Algorithm
• TroubleshootingTroubleshooting
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• What is inverter ?
• What are the advantages ?
• Differences between Conventional & Inverter A/C
• Basics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• Electrical supply has fix frequency
• Inverter type air conditioner have frequency changer which can change the electrical frequency to control the speed of the compressor
• This in turn, can control the capacity accordingly
What is Inverter?What is Inverter?
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Enhanced room temperature comfort
- More precise room temperature control
- Temperature fluctuation is kept within ± 0.5C from set temperature
ConventionalConventional
InverterInverter
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Time
Compressor capacity
Full capacity
Conventional compressor
Slow down as temperature drops
Smooth ramp up from zero to high rotational speed
Compressor capacity
TimeTimeMaintain room temperature at low speed
Inverter
Room temperature control: switching compressor ON & OFF
Room temperature control: Control compressor rotational speed smoothly
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Less on / off cycle
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Compressor frequency
(rps)
Time (min)Time (min)
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Starting frequency
INTRODUCTION
00
2020
3535
5555
Max.Max.
Target frequencyTarget frequency
6
21
1.0 hp – 68 rps
1.5 hp – 74 rps
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Fast cooling
Room temperature
TimeTime
Set temperature
Conventional non-inverter
A/C
Inverter A/C
Quick cooling
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Running current
Hours of operation
Conventional A/C:•High starting current•Frequent on/off cycle
Inverter A/C:•Low starting current•Smooth operation
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Low starting current
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Less compressor start – stop cycle
Low starting current
Longer compressor motor lifespan
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Higher reliability
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Low energy consumption with superior efficiency
Frequency of supply current is varied according to load
requirements – excellent efficiency
Range is between
0 – 68 rps (204 Hz) for 1.0 hp
0 – 74 rps (222 Hz) for 1.5 hp
Resulting in significantly LESS compressor start/stop – low
energy consumption
Lowest operating frequency = 60 Hz
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Protection
Additional software protection against
Over current
Over heating
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Description Inverter A/C Conventional A/C
Outlook feature Almost same
ControllerVariable
frequency controlRelay sequence
control
Compressor Inverter 3-Phase 1 or 3-Phase
Frequency 0 ~ 204/222 Hz 50 or 60Hz
Differences OverviewDifferences Overview
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
Inverter-driven Compressor
Electronic Expansion Valve (EXV)
IPM (Inverter Power Module)
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Adjust capacity according to actual load by
• Controlling the EXV opening
• Controlling the refrigerant flow
Power supply
Rectifier circuit
IPMCompressor
Motor
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Inverter system block diagram
Energy Source
RectifyingCircuit
InverterCircuit
Compressor
Control & Protection Circuitry
Feedback
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
M
IN
OUT
Rectifier Inverter
U
W
V
Inverter drive power circuitInverter drive power circuit
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
What are Rectifier / Inverter?
Rectifier:
Inverter:
Rectifying with smoothingChanging AC DC
Inverse transformation with P.W.M.Changing DC AC
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Inverter drive power circuit - componentsInverter drive power circuit - components
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
M
IN
OUT
U
W
V
Diode ReactorElectrolytic capacitor
IPM(Inverter Module)
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
The system
u
compressor motor input
Inverter
AC/DCRectifiert t
Power supplyInput frequency50Hz t1
50 Hz 222 Hz 60 Hz
Inverter Output Frequency
222 Hz 60 Hz
DC/ACInverter
IPM
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Indoor PCB
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Outdoor PCB
Basics of Inverter TechnologyBasics of Inverter Technology
INTRODUCTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• The compressor is frequency-controlled during normal operation. The target frequency is set based on following parameters:i) Outdoor ambient temperatureii) Set temperatureiii) Room temperature
• When the frequency increases, the rotation speed of compressor increases resulting in an increased refrigerant circulation, this lead to higher amount of heat transfer and vice versa when frequency decreases.
Frequency Principle
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• The system has 2 operating modes. The mode selection is done in Inverter (indoor) controls.
• The operating modes are:
–Cool
–Fan
Operating Modes
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• When Tr >= Ts – 1.5°C
- Comp, ID Fan and OD Fan ON
• When Tr <= Ts - 2°C
- Comp and OD Fan OFF
- ID Fan remain ON
Tr = Room Temperature
Ts = Set Temperature
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Function – Cool Mode
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• At beginning of cooling operation, compressor frequency will be increased smoothly to the target frequency so that the room temperature is reduced.
• When set temperature is achieved, operation frequency will be reduced to stabilize the room temperature.
Function – Cool Mode
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
When will Compressor Stop?
• When cooling load is too small, even with lowest operation frequency and the room temperature still fall below compressor cut off point, compressor will stop.
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Compressor Capacity
Time
Tr <= Ts - 2°CComp will stop
Lowest Freq
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Function - Fan Mode• Only High, Medium and Low fan speeds are allowed.
• When changing cool mode to fan mode, the compressor will stop and OD fan stops after 30s.
• Compressor will only ON if the minimum stop time is > 3 minutes and the user change back to cool mode.
• Fan speed will maintain same as during fan mode.
CONTROL ALGORITHM
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• Master by outdoor unit.
• Indoor controller board will transmit signal to outdoor
controller board every 0.5s. Outdoor unit will response to
indoor once the valid data is received.
Protection Control - Data Communication Error Between Indoor and Outdoor
Indoor
Outdoor
Send SignalSend SignalAcknowledgeAcknowledge
PROTECTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
• If the data communication line between indoor and outdoor
occurs error for 15s continuously, compressor will
stop, OD fan stop after 30s. ID LED blinks error.
• If the communication resumes after 15s, error code is clear
and compressor restarts after 3 minutes.
• If the communication is not resume after 15s, unit unable to
restart and the error keep blinking.
Protection Control - Data Communication Error Between Indoor and Outdoor
PROTECTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Indoor Coil Frost Prevention• Only available in cooling mode.
When the indoor coil temperature < 2°C, the compressor starts to drop the frequency.
• This protection is activated when: - Indoor coil temperature < 0°C for more than 180s.
Compressor will stop, OD fan stop after 30s and indoor fan can only run at super low fan speed.
• The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes.
• When the indoor coil temperature >13°C, the compressor frequency will be reset based on the OD ambient, room and set temperature.
PROTECTION
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Input Current Control
PROTECTION
No. Unit Capacity I1 I2 I3
11.0HP 9.5A 6.5A 5.5A
21.5HP 10A 7A 6A
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Input Current Control
PROTECTION
• When the input current for running compressor exceeds I2, running frequency will be reduced by 1 step. If current still exceeds I2, frequency will be reduced by another 1 step until total current falls between I2 and I3.
• This protection is activated when the input current exceeds I1 for 2 seconds. Compressor will stop and it is considered total current overload.
• The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes.
• If input current <I3, the compressor frequency is reset based on the OD ambient, set and room temperature.
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Compressor Discharge Temperature Control
PROTECTION
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
PROTECTION
• If compressor discharge temperature >102°C, running frequency will be reduced by 1 step. If compressor discharge temperature still >102°C, frequency will be reduced by another 1 step until temperature falls between 99°C and 90°C.
• This protection is activated when the compressor discharge temperature > 110°C. The compressor will stop and considered trip.
• The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes.
• If the compressor discharge temperature < 90°C, the compressor frequency will be reset based on the OD ambient, set and room temperature.
Compressor Discharge Temperature Control
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
PROTECTION
High Pressure Protection
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
PROTECTION
• The compressor frequency is adjusted depend on the coil temperature.
• This protection is activated when the outdoor coil temperature > 64°C, the compressor stop and OD fan stop after 30s.
• The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes.
High Pressure Protection
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
PROTECTION
• Protection on the IPM
• IPM error is declared when;
i) Compressor’s motor peak current > 21A OR
ii) IPM temperature >100°C OR
iii) IGBT peak current > 16A.
IPM error
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
TROUBLESHOOTING
When any error occurs, indoor LED display will keep blinking
Fault display by indoor unitFault display by indoor unit
LED blinks here
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Fault diagnosis by remote controllerFault diagnosis by remote controller
Hold down ON TIMER CLR or OFF TIMER CLR for 5 seconds
TIMER CANCEL button
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Fault diagnosis by remote controllerFault diagnosis by remote controller
• Press TIMER CANCER repeatedly until ID buzzer produces long beep
• The handset temperature display section will indicate the error code
• ID unit buzzer will produce long beep if the handset error code = unit error
• A short and two consecutive beeps is not the unit error
Error code
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Fault diagnosis using outdoor 7-segment displayFault diagnosis using outdoor 7-segment display
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Fault diagnosis using outdoor 7-segment displayFault diagnosis using outdoor 7-segment display
7-segment display
Flashes error code when error occurs
When there is no error, compressor running frequency is displayed, unit: rps
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Fault diagnosis – stored last state errorFault diagnosis – stored last state error
TROUBLESHOOTING
• Remove battery from remote controller
• Replace battery again into remote controller
• Press Mode & ON/OFF buttons together
• Press Mode button to 5:00
• Press ON/OFF once
• Repeat the fault diagnosis by remote controller steps
Mode button TIMER
CANCEL buttonON/OFF
button
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error CodesError Codes
TROUBLESHOOTING
Error code Error descriptionA1 INDOOR PCB ERRORA3 DRAIN PUMP ABNORMALA5 ANTIFREEZEA6 INDOOR FAN MOTOR ABNORMALC4 INDOOR HEAT EXCHANGER THERMISTOR SHORT / OPENC9 INDOOR ROOM THERMISTOR SHORT / OPENE6 COMPRESSOR START-UP ERRORE7 OUTDOOR DC FAN MOTOR LOCKE8 AC INPUT OVER CURRENTEA 4 WAY VALVE ERRORF3 DISCHARGE PIPE OVERHEATF6 HIGH PRESSURE PROTECTIONH8 AC CURRENT SENSOR ERRORH9 OUTDOOR AIR THERMISTOR SHORT / OPENJ3 COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE PIPE THERMISTOR SHORT / OPEN / MISPLACEDJ6 OUTDOOR HEAT EXCHANGER THERMISTOR SHORT / OPENL4 HEAT SINK OVERHEATL5 IPM ERROR / IGBT ERRORP4 HEAT SINK THERMISTOR SHORT / OPENU0 INSUFFICIENT GASU2 DC VOLTAGE OUT OF RANGEU4 COMMUNICATION ERRORUA INSTALLATION ERROR
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Outdoor 7-segment displayOutdoor 7-segment display
TROUBLESHOOTING
Parameter Description
Compressor Actual Rotation
Compressor Target Rotation
DC Bus Voltage
Total Current (x10)
Outdoor Air Temperature
Outdoor Heat Exchanger Temperature
Compressor Discharge Temperature
Outdoor Heatsink Temperature
Indoor Air Temperature
Indoor Heat exchanger Temperature
EXV Opening
09 °C10 Pulse
07 °C
08 °C
05 °C
06 °C
03 A
04 °C
01 r/s
02 VDC
Parameter
NumberUnit/ range
00 r/s
• Press on the tact switch
• Display parameter by flashing of 7-segment
• Parameter 125, display as 25, follow by 01
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
EquipmentsEquipments
• Digital clamp meter
• Digital multi-meter
• Pressure gauge
AC CURRENT
RESISTANT
AC VOLTAGE
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error C4 – ID coil thermistor short /Error C4 – ID coil thermistor short / openopen
- Remove the ID coil thermistor from PCB
- Set digital multi-meter to ohm reading
- Measure both terminals on the sensor using multi-meter test leads
- The reading must comply with a particular temperature, refer Table 3
- If the reading differs by ±2°C. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
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Resistance - temperatureResistance - temperature
At 25C
Resistance value: 10 k
TROUBLESHOOTING
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Error C9 – Room thermistor short /Error C9 – Room thermistor short / openopen
Sensor RTH201
1. Possibility – low
2. Unit design with air opening at the front panel to allow sufficient space for air flow & measurement
3. 10 C < operating temp. < 40 C
Air intake gap for room temperature
sensing
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error H9 – OD air thermistor short /Error H9 – OD air thermistor short / openopen
Error J3 – Compressor discharge pipe thermistor Error J3 – Compressor discharge pipe thermistor
short / short / open / misplacedopen / misplaced
Error J6 – OD coil thermistor short /Error J6 – OD coil thermistor short / openopen
TROUBLESHOOTING
Share a same connector
Connection to PCB
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error H9 – OD air thermistor short /Error H9 – OD air thermistor short / openopen
- Remove the OD air thermistor from PCB
- Set digital multi-meter to ohm reading
- Measure both terminals on the sensor using multi-meter test leads.
- The reading must comply with a particular temperature, refer Table 3
- If the reading differs by ±2°C. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
Thermistor
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Error J3 – Compressor discharge pipe thermistor Error J3 – Compressor discharge pipe thermistor
short / short / open / misplacedopen / misplaced
- Remove the compressor discharge pipe thermistor from PCB
- Set digital multi-meter to ohm reading
- Measure both terminals on the sensor using multi-meter test leads.
- The reading must comply with a particular temperature, refer Table 3
- If the reading differs by ±2°C. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
Thermistor
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error J6 – OD coil thermistor short /Error J6 – OD coil thermistor short / openopen
- Remove the OD coil thermistor from PCB
- Set digital multi-meter to ohm reading
- Measure both terminals on the sensor using multi-meter test leads.
- The reading must comply with a particular temperature, refer Table 3
- If the reading differs by ±2°C. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
Thermistor
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Error P4 – Heat sink thermistor short /Error P4 – Heat sink thermistor short / openopen
- Remove the heat sink thermistor from PCB
- Set digital multi-meter to ohm reading
- Measure both terminals on the sensor using multi-meter test leads.
- The reading must comply with a particular temperature, refer Table 3
- If the reading differs by ±2°C. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error E8 – AC input over currentError E8 – AC input over current
- Set clamp meter to AC current
- Clamp terminal 1 on the OD unit terminal block
- If the reading < 10 Amp. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error U2 – DC voltage out of rangeError U2 – DC voltage out of range
- Set multi-meter to DC voltage
- Measure terminals 1 & 2 on the OD unit terminal block using multi-meter test leads
- If the reading is within 220-240 V. It is acceptable
TROUBLESHOOTING
positive lead (+)
negative lead (-)
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error F6 – High pressure protectionError F6 – High pressure protection
- Coil overload
- Possible causes: coil dirty and air short circuit
Where a wall or other obstacle is in the path of outdoor unit’s intake or exhaust airflow
Follow this installation guidelines to avoid air short circuit
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error L5 – IPM / IGBT errorError L5 – IPM / IGBT error
- Possible causes: over current or over heat
- At start up: could be due to software
- After running some time: could be due to over current or over heat
TROUBLESHOOTING
Heat sink
IPM
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Error UO – Insufficient gasError UO – Insufficient gas
- Connect pressure gauge to OD service valve
- Press and hold on the ID ON/OFF button
- Set to high fan mode and temperature at 16 °C using remote controller
- Under cooling mode:
For 1.0 hp: at 45 rps, the pressure reading should be between 125 – 150 psi
For 1.5 hp: at 65 rps, the pressure reading should be between 125 – 150 psi
Check pressure reading at rated capacity
Press & hold
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error U4 – Communication errorError U4 – Communication error
- Maximum communication wire length up to 30 meters
- Make sure the recommended type of wire is used
- External interference or noise
- Check for loose connection
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Error UA – Installation errorError UA – Installation error
Y5WMY10/15J
Y5SLY10/15D
TROUBLESHOOTING
Inverter-Y Training 2009Inverter-Y Training 2009
Thank YouThank You
Q & AQ & A