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Invasive Species in Eastern Forests: Forest Service Research
Efforts and Strategies
Dr. Kier D. KlepzigAssistant Director-Research
Research EntomologistUSFS - Southern Research Station
The Scope of the Problem
• Many Threats– Insects– Diseases– Invasive Plants
• Many Efforts– Eastwide, FS-wide– Much needs to be done
Insects, Diseases and Invasive Plants
Southern Research StationSRS Mission: To create the science and technology needed to sustain and enhance southern forest ecosystems and the
benefits they provide.
Southern Pine Beetle and Invasive Insects
- Ambrosia beetles, hemlock woolly adelgid, emerging threats
Termites
Diseases and Invasive Plants
- Sudden Oak Death, Cogongrass
The Scope of the Problem• Current efforts
– Redbay Ambrosia Beetle– SPB
• Protection
• Detection
– Cogongrass• Biology
• Eradiction
What lies ahead– Sirex Woodwasp
Redbay Ambrosia BeetleXyleborus glabratus
Female
- Native of southeast Asia
- First in US in Georgia 2002
- Uncommon, not deadly in Asia
- Carries a wilt fungus
Redbay Ambrosia Beetle and Laurel Wilt
Xyleborus glabratus - Redbay Ambrosia Beetle
Laurel wilt fungus, Raffaelea lauricola
SRS Research on RAB
• Studying biology and host associations of RAB• Identifying hosts susceptible to wilt fungus• Developing baits and trapping system for RAB• Evaluating RAB population trends over time • Developing control strategies utilizing chemical
attractants and insecticides.• Movement into other hosts (avocado)
Southern Pine BeetleSPB Prevention Program Millionth-Acre Ceremony
Treatment Evaluation Committee
INVASIVE PLANTS
Photo Courtesy of Patrick Waldrop
Native Range
Introduced
Sirex noctilio
1994
1990
2001 19801961
1952 1900
Sirex WoodwaspSirex noctilio
Sirex noctilio• Detected in North America in Oswego
County, NY in 2004.
Most of the highly susceptible speciesoccur, and are ecologically and economically important, in the South.
The Good News – Something Can Be DoneGrowing healthy forests
Biological Control – Trap Trees
Addressing the Problem
• Basic biology
• Biological Control
• Molecular genetics (insects/plants)
• Resistance/ Conservation Plant Genetics
• Restoration Ecology/Silviculture
• Environmental Economics
• Education and Outreach