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Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models are wrong, but some are useful” -George E. P. Box

Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

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Page 1: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling

El Dorado County Public WorkshopJune 28, 2012

“essentially all models are wrong, but some are useful” -George E. P. Box

Page 2: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Agenda• Travel Demand Modeling 

– Why update the EDC model? – Land Use Policy Programmatic Update– What is a travel demand model?– Micro vs Macro– Four Step Process– What the model can and can not do

• Land Use Forecasting– Achievable Development– 2035 Projections– 2035 Land Use Forecast

• Questions and Answers

Page 3: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Why update the EDC model?

• Latest model version developed in 1998

• New software packages are available• Planning horizon has changed• Development patterns have changed• Doesn’t maximize the use of GIS• Concern about output

Page 4: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Land Use Policy Programmatic Update

Page 5: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

What is a travel demand model?

• Tool for understanding human behavior

• Forecasts trips onto transportation facilities

• Part of the planning process

Page 6: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

The completely over‐simplified basics of travel demand modeling

• Assumptions– people + jobs = trips– trips = traffic volumes/riders

• Application– Forecast people + jobs 20‐30 years out– Estimate demand/test improvements/

• Primary use is to forecast future travel

Page 7: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

The not‐so‐simplified flow chart

Page 8: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Micro vs Macro

Page 9: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Micro vs Macro

Page 10: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

“Four Step” Model

Page 11: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 12: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 13: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 14: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 15: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 16: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 17: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 18: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 19: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 20: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 21: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models
Page 22: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

What the macro model can do• Evaluate road widening and road additions• Evaluate new interchanges • Analyze the impacts of transportation plans • It can show impacts of large developments • It can forecast corridor volumes• It can be used as a basis for micro • It can test alternative land use plans

Page 23: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Macro model can not do well

• Evaluate new turn lanes at intersection (micro) • Model small or local roads very well (micro)

Page 24: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Are travel demand models perfect?

NO!

… but, it isTHE BEST DECISION MAKING TOOL CURRENTLY AVAILABLE FOR REGIONAL TRAVEL DEMAND 

FORECASTING

Page 25: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Why are travel demand models not perfect?

• Merely a statistical replication of human behavior that assumes…– everyone acts rationally– demographic forecasts are reasonable– existing conditions are accurately reflected– external factors are known and under our control

Page 26: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Land Use Overview

Project No‐Project

Page 27: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Market Areas

Page 28: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Achievable Development

Achievable Development is an estimate of the reasonably expected intensity of development that is anticipated for a particular land use or parcel given known opportunities, constraints, and assumptions. 

Page 29: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Achievable Development

Page 30: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Achievable Development: Determining Capacity

• Pending applications • Expired commitments• Prior analysis/design • Adjacent land use • Aerial imagery and topography• Historically densities for similar project types• Historical densities given regulations 

Page 31: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Achievable Development: Determining Capacity

• Restrictions to land division • Prior mapping • Other restrictions or limitations

Page 32: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Achievable Development: Other considerations

• Exclude Tahoe Basin• Placerville provides its own• Treat Camino/Pollock Pines as Rural Center• Assume Williamson Act is constant• Consider higher Multi‐Family densities• Use GP not zoning• Consider mixed‐use

Page 33: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Housing

Page 34: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Population

Page 35: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Population

Page 36: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Population

Page 37: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Population

Page 38: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Population

Page 39: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Projections: Employment

• Related to new housing• Regional economic growth• Highway 50 commute• Already approved projects• Establish a jobs‐to‐household ratio

Page 40: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Land Use Forecast: Housing

Page 41: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

2035 Land Use: Considerations

• General Plan and State legislation• Historical trends • Proximity to infrastructure and site access• Project status • Growth patterns • Proximity to major corridors• Proximity to other uses and services

Page 42: Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling Demand Model...2012/06/28  · Introduction to Travel Demand Modeling El Dorado County Public Workshop June 28, 2012 “essentially all models

Questions and Answers