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7/27/2019 Introduction to Geo.tech. Engineering-Sivakugan
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SIVA
1
Introduction to Geotechnical
Engineering
N. Sivakugan
ground
Duration: 11 min 56 s
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Typical Geotechnical Project
construction site
Geo-Laboratory
~ for testing
Design Office
~ for design & analysissoil properties
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4bed rock
firm
ground
Shallow Foundations
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for firm soils or light loads
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Shallow Foundations
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6bed rock
weak soil
Deep Foundations
P
I
L
E
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for weak soils or heavy loads
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Deep Foundations
Driven timber piles, Pacific Highway
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Retaining Walls
~ for retaining soils from spreading laterally
Road
Train
retaining
wall
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Earth Dams
~ for impounding water
soil
reservoir
clay
core shell
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Concrete Dams
reservoir
soil
concrete dam
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Concrete Dams
Three Gorges Dam, Hong Kong
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Concrete Dams
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Earthworks
Roadwork, Pacific Highway
~ preparing the ground prior to construction
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Construction hazard
~ an unwelcome visitor at an earthwork site.
A dead Anaconda python (courtesy: J. Brunskill)
What does it haveto do with Geo?#!
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Geofabrics
~ used for reinforcement, separation, filtration and
drainage in roads, retaining walls, embankments
Geofabrics used on Pacific Highway
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Reinforced Earth Walls
~ using geofabrics to strengthen the soil
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Soil Nailing
~ steel rods placed into holes drilled into the walls
and grouted
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Sheet Piles
~ sheets of interlockingsteel or timber driven intothe ground, forming a continuous sheet
ship
warehouse
sheet pile
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Sheet Piles
~ resist lateral earth pressures~ used in excavations, waterfront structures, ..
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Sheet Piles
~ used in temporary works
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Sheet Piles
~ interlocking sections
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Cofferdam
~ sheet pile walls enclosing an area, to
prevent water seeping in
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Landslides
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Shoring
propping and supporting the exposed walls to
resist lateral earth pressures
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Tunneling
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Blasting
For ore recovery in mines
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Ground Improvement
Impact Rollerto Compact the Ground
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Ground Improvement
Sheepsfoot Rollerto Compact Clay Soils
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Ground Improvement
Smooth-wheeled Roller
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Ground Improvement
Big weights droppedfrom 25 m, compacting
the ground.
Craters formed in compaction
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Environmental Geomechanics
Waste Disposal in Landfills
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Instrumentation
~ to monitor the performances of earth and
earth supported structures
~ to measure loads, pressures, deformations,
strains,
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Soil Testing
Cone Penetration Test Truck Lavarach Barracks, Townsville
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Soil Testing
Triaxial Test on Soil Sample in Laboratory
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Soil Testing
Variety of Field Testing Devices
S
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Soil Testing
Being Pushed around by my Supervisors
Purdue University, USA
T i l S f F
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Typical Safety Factors
Type of Design Safety
Factor
Probability of
Failure
Earthworks 1.3-1.5 1/500
Retaining
structures
1.5-2.0 1/1500
Foundations 2.0-3.0 1/5000
S h f Ci il E i i
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Some unsung heroes of Civil Engineering
buried right under your feet.
foundations soilexploration
tunneling
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Great Contributors to the Developments
in Geotechnical Engineering
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Karl Terzaghi
1883-1963
C.A.Coulomb
1736-1806
WJM Rankine
1820-1872 A.Casagrande
1902-1981
L. Bjerrum1918-1973 A.W.Skempton1914- G.F.Sowers1921-1996 G.A. Leonards1921-1997
Sivas teacher in USA deserves gold frame
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Geotechnical Engineering Landmarks
L i T f Pi
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Leaning Tower of Pisa
Our blunders become monuments!
H D USA
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Hoover Dam, USA
Tallest (221 m) concrete dam
P t T M l i
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Petronas Tower, Malaysia
Tallest building in the
world
M t
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and.
Monuments
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P ti l
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Practicals
~ five practical sessions~ closed footwear must be worn in the lab
L b t St ff
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Laboratory Staff
Neville Hines & Rudd Rankine
Q i es
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Quizzes
about 4-6, 50 minutes each
open book
How?
Why? to reinforce main points
provides a wake up call
form of assessment
Past CS2005 Grades
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Past CS2005 Grades
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
HD 5 1 1 3 3 0
?
D 4 2 3 2 9 6
C 15 12 6 7 7 2
P 12 8 8 6 10 8
P- 6 0 2 4 1 5
N 12 10 12 14 9 13X 0 0 3 3 3 1
Total 54 33 35 39 42 35
Some Suggestions
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Some Suggestions
Attend the lectures.
Develop a good feel for the subject.
It takes longer to understand
from the lecture notes
It is practical, interesting andmakes lot of sense.
Some Suggestions
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Some Suggestions
Work in groups.
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Exams
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Exams
My mama always said, Exam is like a box
of chocolates; you never know what youare gonna get