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Intro to Science. Metric system and scientific notation. SI Base Units. Mass measures how much matter is in something. 199000000000000000000000000000000 kg (1.99 X 10 30 kg). .00000000000000000000000016 grams (1.67 X 10 -24 g). Volume measures how much space something takes up. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Intro to Science
Metric system and scientific notation
SI Units
SI Unit- ‘Standard International’
OR
Metric Unit
SI Base UnitsQuantity Unit Abbreviation
Length Meter m
Mass gram g
Time Second s
Temperature Kelvin K
Volume liter L
Volume (2nd) Cubic cm cm3
Length (SI unit = meter)
How long or how far something is:Length of objectWidth of objectsDistances
Mass (SI unit = gram)
The amount of matter (stuff) in an object
Sirius- a white dwarf star. 19,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg (A golf ball would weigh 2 tons on earth)
Volume (SI Unit: Liter)
Volume- how much space something takes up
Can be both liquids or solids
Metric PrefixesPrefix Symbol Multiple of
base unit
kilo- k 103
hecto- h 102
deka- da 101
deci- d 10-1
centi- c 10-2
milli- m 10-3
thousand
hundred
ten
tenth
hundredth
thousandth
USA compared to Metric
USA Metric
METRIC- Based on a Scale of TEN This makes it easy to convert units USA- Stubborn, still doesn’t use it…
Metric System Memes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdmz3O2lnMQ
Prefixes for grams
Milligrams (1 mg) (.001 g)
Grams (1 g)
Kilograms (1000g)
Mnemonic device for remembering prefixes
King (kilo) Hector (hecto) Drinks (deka)
Ultra (unit) Delicious (deci) Chocolate (centi) Milk (milli)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MekxJse2vgs
Bill Nye Clip
Converting: Step by Step process (100g to mg)
1. Write what you HAVE down (100g) 2. If there is no decimal, put it in (100.g) 3. Use the KHDUDCM mnemonic
Where you start Where you end up Find how many steps you moved over
4. Move decimal the number of steps and fill in zeros
Be sure to put NEW unit in (100000 mg)
Let’s try these together…
10 g = ________mg 100kg = _______g 21.3dag=_______g
10g=__________kg 100mg=_______g 21.3dg=_______g
Scientific Notation
Many quantities that scientists work with are very large or very small values. For example:
3,000,000,000,000,000,000 electrons’ worth of charge pass through a standard light bulb in 1 second
0.000000001 kg is the mass of ink used to dot an i in a textbook
Speed of Light
Speed of light: 300,000,000 meters/second
3.00 x 108 m/s
Size of solar system
45,000,000,000 kilometers
4.50 x 1010 kilometers
Scientific Notation (cont)
Scientific Notation is used to make numbers easier to read, write and keep track of.
Pointers: Positive exponents show a very large
number Negative exponents show a number smaller
than 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xz6cYr5tHe0
Format
# . # x 10 #
Coefficient
Exponent
Examples of positive notation
1. 12,300 = 1.23 x 104
2. 520 = 5.2 x 102
3. 1500= 1.5 x 103
Try these: 48 = 5,290=
Examples of Negative Notation
1. 0.0025 = 2.5 x 10-3
2. 0.800 = 8.0 x 10-1
3. 0.000901 = 9.01 x 10-4
Try these: 0.0008900= 0.00058 = .00000258 =