International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources

8/4/2019 International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources

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For the first time in

history, over 1.02

billion people do nothave enough to eat.

Thats one sixth of

humanity (2008).


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There are around one

billion hungry people in

the world.

642M- Asia and the Pacific

265M-Sub-Saharan Africa53M-Latin America and

Carribean

42M-Near East and North Africa


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The number of undernourished

people in the world increased by75 million in 2007 and 40 million

in 2008, largely due to higher food

prices.


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Plant genetic resources- consist of genotypes

or population of land races, advanced

cultivars, genetic stocks, wild and weedy

species which are maintained in the form of

seeds, plants, tissues etc.

Multilateral System- system involving more

than two parties or countries.


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1983- Commission on Genetic Resources for Food andAgriculture was established, and the voluntaryInternational Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources

was adopted. 1996- adoption of the Global Plan of Action at the

Leipzig International Technical Conference on PlantGenetic Resources.

2001- culmination of all these works with the historicadoption of the legally binding International Treaty onPlant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.

29 June 2004- the Treaty entered into force.


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recognizing the enormous contribution of farmers to

the diversity of crops that feed the world;

establishing a global system to provide farmers, plant

breeders and scientists with access to plant geneticmaterials;

ensuring that recipients share benefits they derive

from the use of these genetic materials with the

countries where they have been originated.


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Article 26 -ratification, acceptance or approvalbythe Members and non-Members of FAO.

Article 27-open for accession by all Members of

FAO and any States that are not Members of FAObut are Members of the United Nations, or any ofits specialized agencies or of the InternationalAtomic Energy Agency.

The current number of Contracting Parties as wellas the type of instrument used and the date canbe consulted in the Legal Office of FAO.


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Parties: 127


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Source: http://www.fao.org/Legal/treaties/033s-e.htm


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This Treaty relates to plant genetic resourcesfor food and agriculture. (Annex 1)

Each Contracting Party shall ensure the

conformity of its laws, regulations and

procedures with its obligations as provided in

this Treaty.


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5.1- ... promote an integrated approach to theexploration, conservation and sustainable use of

plant genetic resources for food and agriculture.

5.2- ... take steps to minimize or, if possible,

eliminate threats to plant genetic resources for

food and agriculture.


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Promote in situ conservation of wild crop

relatives and wild plants for food production,

including in protected areas.

Survey and inventory plant genetic resources

for food and agriculture...

Cooperate to promote the development of an

efficient and sustainable system of ex situ

conservation..


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pursuing fair agricultural policies...

strengthening research which enhances and

conserves biological diversity...

promoting plant breeding efforts with the

participation of farmers..


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The protection of traditional knowledge

relevant to plant genetic resources for food

and agriculture;

The right to equitably participate in sharing

benefits arising from the utilization of plant

genetic resources for food and agriculture;

and

The right to participate in making decisions...


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..to access and benefit-sharing is its

declaration that 64 of our most important

crops..

..countries agree to make their genetic

diversity and related information about the

crops stored in their gene banks available to

all..


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this gives scientific institutions and private sector

plant breeders the opportunity to work with, and

potentially to improve, the materials stored in

gene banks or even crops growing in fields. ..sets up opportunities for developed countries

with technical know-how to use their laboratories

to build on what the farmers in developingcountries have accomplished in their fields.


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http://www.planttreaty.org

http://www.fao.org/Legal/treaties/033s-e.htm

http://www.farmersrights.org/faq/index.html

http://www.parc.gov.pk/Faq/pgrp.html www.grain.org

www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation

101 Facts You Should Know About Food, Icon Books

2007 The Food Crisis, Ian Angus. www.socialistproject.ca

www.viacampesina.org
http://www.grain.org/http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituationhttp://www.socialistproject.ca/http://www.viacampesina.org/http://www.viacampesina.org/http://www.socialistproject.ca/http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituationhttp://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituationhttp://www.grain.org/

Documents

International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources