INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE IEA Policies and Measures Database Julia Reinaud Energy Efficiency and Environment Division

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE

IEA Policies and Measures Database

Julia Reinaud

Energy Efficiency and Environment Division

IEA


ObjectiveDescription/database structureReview and update processAccessTrends in PAMs


Objective

The Dealing with Climate Change website allows the user to search a detailed database of information on polices and measures taken or planned by IEA Member countries to reduce energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.

Currently, the database contains over 1000 records covering all policies and measures taken or planned since 1999.

http://climate.iea.org


Description/database structure

Pre-defined fields Country name, Year implemented/planned,or Current status, Policy type (Fiscal, RD&D, regulatory instrument, Policy

Process & Outreach , Tradable permits, VA),

Sector, Energy source.

Open fields


Review and update process

On a yearly basisThe secretariat collects information throughout

the calendar yearAt the end of the year, the secretariat updates the

database based on this information A password protected website accessible only to

IEA delegates to review and update existing records (3 months)

the database is the official sanction of governments on an annual basis of their climate/energy policies.


Access: http://climate.iea.org








Trends in PAMs

Fiscal measures Almost 1/3 of all new measures taken or planned in

the past four years, over 20 per cent of the PAMs implemented in 2003

Few new tax measures directly related to energy use or carbon emissions were initiated

E.g. Energy Tax on fossil fuels in Japan

Vast majority developed to provide incentives (subsidies, tax credits or feed-in tariffs) for:

Energy efficiency improvements (in the transport sector: France, Japan; to homeowners: US),

Renewable energy sources in building, energy production and transport sectors ,

Emerging low carbon technologies


Trends in PAMs

Regulatory instruments A new set of laws or the introduction of mandates and

standards

Another important policy tool increasingly used by IEA Member countries over the past couple of years

Regulatory policies or reforms E.g. EU to promote CHP, Climate Change Plan for Canada

Mandates and standards are also often used to promote energy efficiency, or renewable sources of energy

E.g. ensure that a minimum proportion of biofuels and other renewable fuels is placed on their markets: Sweden, EU

E.g. mandatory labelling: Australia; Top Runner Programme Japan


Trends in PAMs

Voluntary agreements In 2003, the same number of voluntary agreement (VA)

policies as in 2002, was implemented. They often contain a target and a time schedule to

achieve it. In the environmental policy mix of IEA countries,

voluntary measures are most often used in combination with one or more other instruments as part of “policy mixes”.

in 2003 most frequently set-up between governments and the transport or industry sector.

E.g. SmartWay Transport Partnership USA, Australia, "High Energetic Performance" label France


Trends in PAMs

Policy Processes and Outreach most broadly used category of policy instruments with

fiscal measures. A clear distinction between:

‘planning’ policies (consultation, strategic planning, and institutional development) ‘outreach’ policies (information dissemination, and advisory efforts)

Planning policies are the backbone of GHG mitigation programmes

E.g. UK Energy White Paper often involve the creation of specific institutions or aid in

implementation E.g. Belgian National Climate Commission

Outreach policies aim to inform and advise people or organisations on how to reduce their GHG emissions efficiently


Trends in PAMs

Research, Development & Demonstration (RD&D) mainly focused on the development of cleaner

technologies notably with respect to hydrogen-based technologies

In 2003, several countries (Canada, Japan or the United States) and regions (European Union) stressed their will to accelerate the development and commercialisation of fuel cells

E.g. International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy

support bio-fuelled and renewable energy systems and technologies

E.g. Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF)


Trends in PAMs

Tradable Permits

GHG tradable permits, Emissions trading consist of tradable permits and project-based

programmes (CDM, JI) at a country level in Canada, Japan, Norway at a state or more local level in countries such as Australia and the

United States.

renewable energy certificates, E.g. Sweden, EU Directive on electricity labelling

energy efficiency trading.


Questions are welcome

To fight against climate change, countries have adopted a portfolio of policies and measures

Countries may wish to use this information to prepare National Communications

[email protected]

[email protected]

Documents

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE IEA Policies and Measures Database Julia Reinaud Energy Efficiency and Environment Division