New textile materials

• Intelligent textiles?• Smart textiles?

• Functional textiles?• Active textiles?• Textiles with dynamic properties?

Electronic materials• Actuators• Sensors• Computational devices• Communication• Power (generation, storage)• Connectors

• All of these can be more or less integrated intotextile materials

Non-electronic active textiles

• Cyclodextrine, microencapsulation

• Antibacterial coatings (e.g. proteins)• Curtains with one-way viewing

Phase-Change Materials (PCM)For extreme temperature conditionsCan be microencapsulated and coated onto textiles

Everything can be an I/O device

• Potentially, all surfaces can be used as displays and/or sensing devices for computers

• Including textiles…

Computer displays everywhere

• Most displays have been optimized for hi-resgraphics and text

Electroluminescense

• EL-wire• EL-sheets

• Typically used for backlighting of LCDs

• Emits light in itself

Chromic materials, dynamic colors• Thermochromic• Photochromic• Electrochromic

• Does not emit light in itself

ProxT

By Anders Öhlund and Björn Sarnold

By Linda Melin

Rubella

Termocromic screenprint

Heatelement applicated behind fabric printed with termocromicpaint

Adding computer-controlled motion to textiles

• Integrate microactuators into the textile material

• E.g. shape-memory alloys (SMA), mainlyused for medical applications

• Affect the acoustic properties of a roomwith dynamic textiles

• Micro- and macrolevel physical movement• Static electricity, MEMS...?

Mute

• dynamic sound absorbing textiles that clearly change expression and acoustic properties of an environment.

• these properties can also be used to represent information and create new awareness of sound or other local activity.

• By Margareta Zetterblom & PLAY

Tactile feedback/attention

Together with Arméns markstridsskola and FMVMaster work by Johan Andersson and Annika Lundberg

Sensors• Discrete eletronics vs. Integrated into textiles

– Add-on vs. Add-in

• Biophysical monitoring– Lots of sensors

• Force, elongation– Conductive elastomers

• Capacitive proximity sensors

• Etc..

Physiological monitoring

• Immediate sensing– Pulse– Heart rate– ECG– Fall detection

• Long-term monitoring– Early signs of e.g. Parkinsons– Time for walking stairs etc…– Accelerometers

Pulse & Breating rate from PVDF

Wealthy (EU Project)

Energy generation

• Batteries of course

• Mechanical energy (footsteps etc)• Thermal energy, Seebeck effect• Light energy, Photovoltaic effect (photo

cells)

Heel-Strike Generator Using Electrostrictive Polymers (SRI)

Thermoelectric power generatorTemperature differance induces electric current(Seebeck effect)Using e.g. body heat to gerenateelectric energyWristwatch, belt, shirt buttons…

Really integrated electronics

• ”Textile transistors” on yarns and fibers (e.g. FiCom, Arianne)

• Passive components– E.g. inductors

• Electronic matrix for e.g. displays– Electroluminescent– Thermochromic– Electrochormic– LEDs…

Woven RFID Antenna (A. Neudeck, TITV-Greitz)

Electroluminenscent textiles(A. Neudeck, TITV-Greitz)

Connectors

• Electrically conductive Velcro• Conductive sheets

• Capacitive coupling• Inductive coupling

• Person-area networks• Body-area networks

Weaving with conductiv yarn, carbon and metall wire

The construction

Scalability?

• Larger networks and surfaces

Networked surfaces - Pin&Play (Lancaster U.)

Large-scale, self-organizing networksCan be cut in any size and shapeInfineon + Vorwerk carpets

Thanks!