İNGİLİZCE 4 - aok.meb.gov.traok.meb.gov.tr/pdf/ingilizce_4.pdf · İngİlİzce 4 ankara 2017 ders notu yazarlar komİsyon t.c. mİllÎ eĞİtİm bakanliĞi aÇik ÖĞretİm okullari

İNGİLİZCE4

ANKARA 2017

DERS NOTU

YAZARLAR

KOMİSYON

T.C.MİLLÎ EĞİTİM BAKANLIĞIAÇIK ÖĞRETİM OKULLARI

AÇIK ÖĞRETİM LİSESİ – MESLEKİ AÇIK ÖĞRETİM LİSESİ

MEB HAYAT BOYU ÖĞRENME GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ YAYINLARI

AÇIK ÖĞRETİM OKULLARI DERS NOTLARI DİZİSİ

Copyright © MEB Her hakkı saklıdır ve Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına aittir. Tümü ya da bölümleri izin

alınmadan hiçbir şekilde çoğaltılamaz, basılamaz ve dağıtılamaz.

Yazar : İrfan BAYGÜL / Gürsel YEŞİLOĞLU

Grafik : Hatice DEMİRER

Resimleme : Sevgi MERT

Kapak : Güler ALTUNÖZ

İÇİNDEKİLER

1. ÜNİTETOURISM

Ankara _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11

Simple Past Tense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14

Prepositios of Time (Zaman Edatları) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25

Prepositions of place (Yer Edatları) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30

TESTS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39

2. ÜNİTE

HEALTH

Eath Healthy Stay Healthy_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50

(Sıfatlarda Kıyaslama ve En Üstünlük Derecesi) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50

Modal Verbs (Modal Fiiller) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 59

TESTS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 67

3. ÜNİTE

VALUES

Ramadan Feast _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 75

Present Perfect Tense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 78

Adverbs of Manner (Durum Zarfları) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 91

TESTS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 97

BIBLIOGRAPHY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 102

UNIT ONE CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 103

UNIT TWO CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 106

UNIT THREE CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 109

UNIT ONE

TOURISM

(TURİZM)

10

ENGLISH FOUR (İNGİLİZCE 4)

NELER ÖĞRENECEĞİZ?

Bu ünitenin sonunda:

1. Kişisel ve ailevi bilgilerinizi kısa ve net bir şekilde yazabilecek,

2. Geçmişle ilgili bir işi söyleyebilecek, geçmişte olmuş bir olayı anlatabilecek,

3. Birisine bir yer sorabilecek ve tarif edebilecek,

4. Saatler ve tarihleri söyleyebileceksiniz.

NASIL ÇALIŞMALIYIZ

– Konu içinde ilk kez karşılaştığınız kelimeleri ve kalıpları okuma parçasının sonunda verilen tablodan öğreniniz.

– Alıştırmalara başlamadan önce yönergeleri dikkatle okuyunuz.

– Alıştırmaların başında verilen örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz ve ondan sonra alıştırmaları çözmeye başlayınız.

– Alıştırmaları çözdükten sonra cevap anahtarından kontrol ederek yanlış yaptığınız alıştırmanın konusuna tekrar çalışınız.


11

PART ONE

Ankara

(Ankara)

Dear Mum and Dad,

I am so happy in Turkey that I can’t say it in words. We had a tree days tour in Ankara. Ankara is the capital city of Turkey. It is located in the Central Anatolia Region. The population of Ankara is nearly 5 million. It is a nice city.

In the first day of our tour we went to Ankara castle .You can see it in the post-card. It is on a high hill in the middle of the city. There are old houses and lots of sovenier shops in the castle.

I bought some presents for you and for my friend there. Near the castle there are a lot of historical places like Alaaddin mosque and Arslanhane mosque.

On our second day we went to the Museum of Anatolian Civilization. There were lots of historical artifacts in the museum. It is one of the largest and one of the most important museums in the world.

12


On our last day in Ankara we went to Anıtkabir and the Kocatepe mosque. Anıtkabir is the place where Atatürk’s body lies. Many tourists visit Anıtkabir every-day.

I had a great time in Ankara.There were many places to see but I couldn’t visit all of them. Next year I want to come and visit Ankara again.

Yours,

Linda

Words: Kelimelerhappy : mutlu

tour : tur

visit : ziyaret

capital city : başkent

Central Anatolia Region : İç Anadolu Bölgesi

Ankara Castle : Ankara Kalesi

hill : tepe

old : eski

postcard : kartpostal

sovenier : hediyelik eşya

historical places : tarihî yerler

mosque : cami

the Museum of Anatolion

Civilization : Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi

historical artifacts : tarihî eser

historical artifactimportant : önemli

1. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.

1. Ankara is the biggest / capital city of Turkey.

2. We had a two / tree days tour in Ankara.

3. We went to the Museum of Anatolion / Aegean Civilization

4. Ankara is located in the South East / Central Anatolia Region.

5. The population of Ankara is more than / nearly 5 million.


13

2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız.

1. What is the capital city of Turkey?

2. Where is Ankara located?

3. How many people live in Ankara?

4. Is Aladdin mosque near the castle?

5. Where did Linda go on her last day?

6. Where did Linda go on the second day?

7. Is Linda happy in Turkey?

8. Did Linda have a great day in Turkey?

9. Does many tourist visit Anıtkabir everyday?

10. Is the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara?

14


PART TWO

Simple Past TenseSimple Past Tense geçmişte belirli bir zamanda başlamış ve bitmiş eylemler

için kullanılır.

Olumlu cümlede 2. hâlde S + V2 + OI studied lesson(Ders çalıştım.)

Olumsuz cümlede 1. hâlde S + didn’t V1 + OI didn’t study lesson(Ders çalışmadım.)

Soru cümlesinde 1. hâlde kullanılır. Did + S + V1 + O

Did you study lesson?(Ders çalıştın mı?)

Olumlu cümlelerde herhangi bir yardımcı fiil gelmez ve fiilin ikinci hâli kulla-nılır; olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde “did” veya “didn’t” yardımcı fiili kullanılır ve fiil yalın hâliyle kalır .

NOT

Örnekler I visited my uncle yesterday. (Dün amcamı ziyaret ettim.)

I didn’t visit my uncle yesterday (Dün amcamı ziyaret etmedim.)Did you visit your uncle yesterday. (Dün amcanı ziyaret ettin mi?)

REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS (Düzenli ve Düzensiz Fiiller)İngilizcede fiiller düzenli ve düzensiz olarak ikiye ayrılır:

Düzenli fiilerin ikinci hâlini kullanmak için fiilin sonuna “–ed” takısı eklenir.

Sonu sessiz harf ve ardından “-y” ile biten kelimelerde “–y” düşer “–ied” getirilir.

play (oynamak) – played

watch(seyretmek) – watchedwash (yıkamak) – washedstudy (ders çalışmak) – studiedcry(ağlamak) – cried


15

Düzensiz fiiller adından da anlaşılacağı gibi düzensiz olarak değişir.

Sayfa 19’daki düzensiz fiilleri ezberleyiniz.

write(yazmak) – wrote

do (yapmak) – did

go (gitmak) – went

swim (yüzmek) – swam

eat (yemek) – ate

Örnekler

– I saw a movie yesterday.

(Dün bir film seyrettim.)

– I didn’t see a movie yesterday.

(Dün bir film seyretmedim.)

– Last year, I travelled to Spain.

(Geçen yıl İspanya’ya seyahat ettim.)

– Last year, I didn’t go to Germany.

(Geçen yıl Almanya’ya gitmedim.)

– He washed her hands.

(O ellerini yıkadı.)

– He didn’t wash her hands.

(O ellerini yıkamadı.)

16


Simple Past Tense ile kullanılan zaman ifadeleri aşağıda verilmiştir. Sınavlarda cümlenin hangi tense olduğunu anlamak için bu zaman ifadelerinin bilinmesi çok önemlidir.

Yesterday (Dün)

– I went to theatre yesterday.

(Dün sinemaya gittim.)

– We stayed at home yesterday.

(Dün evde durduk.)

– What did you do yesterday?

(Dün ne yaptın?)

Last week (Geçen hafta)

– He bought a car last week.

(Geçen hafta araba aldı.)

– Did you go anywhere last week?

(Geçen hafta herhangi bir yere gittin mi?)

– Where did you go last week?

(Geçen hafta nereye gittin?)

Last year (Geçen yıl)

– We didn’t go anywhere last year.

(Geçen sene hiçbir yere gitmedik.)


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– We went to Kars last year.

(Geçen sene Kars’a gittik.)

– Where did you go on holiday last year?

(Geçen sene tatile nereye gittin?)

Last Sunday etc (Geçen pazar vs.)

– We studied our lessons last Sunday.

(Geçen Pazar dersimize çalıştık.)

– We had guests last Saturday.

(Geçen cumartesi misafirlerimiz vardı.)

– The children went to the cinema last week with their teacher.

(Geçen hafta çocuklar öğretmenleriyle sinemaya gittiler.)

Two years ago (İki yıl önce)

– I went to İzmir two years ago.

(İki sene önce İzmir’e gittim.)

– I lived in Yozgat five years ago.

(Beş yıl önce Yozgat’ta yaşadım.)

– I didn’t know English two years ago.

(İki sene önce İngilizce bilmiyordum.)

Four days ago (Dört gün önce)

– We were together four days ago.

(Dört gün önce beraberdik.)

– It snowed two days ago.

(İki gün önce kar yağdı.)

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– I saw him at the supermarket two days ago.

(İki gün önce onu süpermarket’te gördüm.)

Three minutes ago (Üç dakika önce)

– He was here a few minutes ago.

(O birkaç dakika önce buradaydı.)

– I called him two minutes ago.

(Onu iki dakika önce aradım.)

Last night (Dün gece)

– I watched a film last night on TV.

(Dün gece televizyonda bir film izledim.)

– We played snowball last night.

(Dün gece kartopu oynadık.)

– I saw her last night at the cinema.

(Onu dün akşam sinemada gördüm.)

Düzensiz fiillerin 1. 2. ve 3. halleri aşağıda tablo halinde verilmiştir. Bu fiilleri ezberleyiniz.

Bu ünitede fiillerin 2. hâllerini bilmeniz gerekmektedir.Fiillerin 3. hâllerini ise 5.ünitede kullanacaksınız ancak daha kolay öğrenileceği düşüncesiyle fiillerin 1. 2. ve 3. hâlleri bu ünitede bir arada verilmiştir.

NOT


19

1. Hâli (Base Form )2. Hâli

(Past Simple) 3. Hâli

(Past Participle) Türkçe Anlamı

be was-were been olmak

beat beat beaten vurmak

become became become olmak

begin began begun başlamak

bet bet bet bahse girmek

bite bit bitten ısırmak

blow blew blown esmek

break broke broken kırmak

bring brought brought getirmek

build built built inşa etmek

burn burnt / burned burnt yakmak

buy bought bought satın almak

catch caught caught yakalmak

choose chose chosen seçmek

come came come gelmek

cost cost cost değer biçmek

cut cut cut kesmek

dig dug dug kazmak

do did done yapmak

draw drew draw çekmek

dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed rya görmek

drive drove droven araba surmek

drink drank drunk içmek

eat ate eaten yemek yemek

fall fell fallen düşmek

20


feed fed fed beslenmek

feel felt felt hissetmek

fight fought fought dövüşmek

find found found bulmak

fly flew flown uçmak

forbid forbade forbidden yasaklamak

forget forgot forgotten unutmak

forgive forgave forgiven affetmek

freeze froze frozen donmak

get got fotten elde etmek

give gave given vermek

go went gone gitmek

grow grew grown büyümek

hang hung hung asmak

have had had sahip olmak

hear heard heard duymak

hide hid hidden saklamak

hit hit hit vurmak

hold held held tutmak

hurt hurt hurt acımak

keep kept kept saklamak

know knew known bilmek

lay laid laid yaymak

lead led led rehberlik etmek

learn learnt / learned learnt / learned öğrenmek

leave left left ayrılmak


21

lend lent lent ödünç vermek

let let let izin vermek

lie lay lain yalan söylemek

lose lost lost kaybetmek

make made made yapmak

mean meant meant anlamına gelmek

meet met met buluşmak

pay paid paid ödemek

put put put koymak

read read read okumak

ride rode ridden binmek (at, bisiklet vs.)

ring rang rung çalmak

rise rose risen yükselmek

run ran run koşmak

say said said ödemek

see saw seen görmek

sell sold sold satmak

send sent sent göndermek

sing sang sung şarkı söylemek

sit sat sat oturmak

sleep slept slept uyumak

speak spoke spoken konuşmak

spend spent spent harcamak

stand stood stood ayakta durmak

swim swam swum yüzmek

take took taken almak

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3. Doğru olan kelimeyi yuvarlak içine alınız.

1. I go / went to work on food yesterday.

2. I see / saw him last weekend.

3. Emre wore / wears black.

4. My mother makes / made delicious cakes some time ago.

5. I get / got up at 7.00 on Sunday.

6. She didn’t understands / didn’t understand me.

7. They close / closed the shop at 8.00 yesterday.

8. He speaks / spoke fast when he was young.

9. My father leaves / left work at 5.00 yesterday.

10. I read / readed a book last weekend.

4. Aşağıdaki cümleleri Simple Past Tense çeviriniz.

1. You eat too much. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. I go to school. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Lisa sings a song. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. The baby cries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

teach taught taught öğretmek

tell told told anlatmak

think thought thought düşünmek

throw threw thrown fırlatmak

understand understood understood anlamak

wake woke woken uyanmak

wear wore worn giymek

win won won kazanmak

write wrote written yazmak


23

5. Who watches the f ilm? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. She knows everything. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. The sun rises at 5.00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. She takes the dog for a walk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. They buy from here. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. He sleeps very much. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Cümledeki boşlukları, parantez içindeki fiillerin Simple Past hâli ile dol-durunuz.

1. Last summer we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) on holiday to Amasra.

2. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (stay) in a lovely hotel by the sea.

3. The weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) very good last weekend.

4. It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (snow) all day yesterday.

5. At the weekend, we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) breakfast together.

6. His idea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) excellent.

7. After the lunch, we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (walk) along the beach.

8. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not want ) to go there alone.

9. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (see) him yesterday on the street.

10. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) a new car last month.

6. Cümledeki boşlukları, parantez içindeki fiillerin Simple Past hâli ile dol-durunuz.

1. Where . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) for your holiday?

2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) your homework?

3. How many exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (solve)?

4. Where . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) your father yesterday evening?

5. My father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) abroad two weeks ago.

6. What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (eat) at the breakfast?

24


7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (play ) football in the school garden?

8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (taste) peanapple?

9. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (had ) a difficult exam yesterday.

10. Who . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (see) at the supermarket yesterday?

7. Aşağıdaki soruları cevaplandırınız.

1. Where did you go yesterday? (cinema)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Did you do your homework? (yes)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. What did you do before you go to bed? (brush/ teeth)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. How many sandwiches did you eat? (three)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. What time did you go to sleep yesterday? (at ten o’clock)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Did it rain at the weekend? (no)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. Who did you go to the cinema with? (my friend)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. Who did you see last weekend? (my primary school teacher)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. When were you born? (1999)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. What did you do when you saw the dog? (begin to run)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


25

PART THREE

Prepositios Of Time (Zaman Edatları)

“in, on,at” zaman edatları Türkçe’de “-de, -da” anlamına gelmektedir.

“In” günün bölümleri,aylar,mevsimler ve yılların başında kullanılır.

Günün Bölümlerinde:

– I get up early in the morning.

(Sabah erken kalkarım.)

– We read books in the evenings.

(Akşamları kitap okuruz.)

Ayların Başında:

– I was born in May.

(Mayıs ayında doğdum.)

– The summer holiday begins in June.

(Yaz tatili Haziran da başlar.)

– It never snows in summer in Ankara.

(Ankarada yazın hiç kar yağmaz.)

Yılların Başında:

– Ayşe was born in 1999.

(Ayşe 1999 yılında doğdu.)

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– We moved to Ankara in 1986.

(Ankara’ya 1986 yılında taşındık.)

– My brother began to live in Germany in 2001.

(Erkek kardeşim 2001 yılında Almanya’da yaşamaya başladı.)

Mevsimlerin Başında:

– It rains a lot in spring.

(İlk bahar çok yağmur yağar.)

– We go to our hometown in summers.

(Yazları memleketimize gideriz.)

– I like playing snowball in winters.

(Kışın kartopu oynamayı severim.)

“On”: Haftanın günlerinde, tarihlerde,özel günlerde kullanılır.

Haftanın Günlerinde:

– We have an important meeting on Monday.

(Pazartesi günü önemli bir toplantımız var.)

– I don’t work on Saturday afternoon.

(Cumartesi öğleden sonra çalışmıyorum.)

– I go swimming on Sundays.

(Pazar günleri yüzmeye giderim.)

Tarihlerde:

– Our wedding anniversary is on 5th of August.

(Evlilik yıldönümümüz 5 Ağustos’tur.)

– Our holiday will begin on 5 June.

(Tatilimiz 5 Haziran’da.)


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– My birthday is on the 5th of May.

(Doğum günüm 5 Mayıs’tadır.)

“at”: Saatlerde , gece yarısında, hafta sonunda kullanılır.

Saatlerde:

– The match starts at 9.00 pm.

(Maç akşam 9.00 da başlıyor.)

– The post office opens at 8.30 am.

(Postane sabah 8.30 da açılır.)

– The shopping mall closes at 10.00 pm.

(Alışveriş merkezi akşam saat 10.00 da kapanır.)

Gece Yarısında:

– There was a terrible hurricane at midnight.

(Gece yarısı korkunç bir fırtına vardı.)

– I woke up in fears at midnigh yesterday.

(Dün geceyarısı terler içinde uyandım.)

– I like looking at the sky at midnights.

(Geceyarısı gökyüzüne bakmayı severim.)

Hafta Sonlarında:

– Ersin will go to Ereğli at the weekend.

(Ersin hafta sonu Ereğli’ye gidecek.)

– What will you do at the weekend?

(Hafta sonu ne yapacaksın?)

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– He goes horse riding at the weekends.

(O hafta sonları ata bin-meye gider.)


1. Do you dream in / at nights?

2. What do you do at / in the weekends?

3. I lived in Germany in / at 1980.

4. I hate shopping in / on Saturdays.

5. I usually study at / on nights.

6. I passed my driving test in / on June.

7. We will meet in / at six o’clock.

8. Erzurum is very cold at / in winter.

9. I don’t go out in / on Sundays.

10. I usually go shopping in / on the afternoons.

“Today, next week, this evening, yesterday, tonight, tomorrow” ve “every day” gibi bazı zaman zarfları önüne herhangi bir edat almaz.

NOT


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9. Boşlukları “in, on, at” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. People go to Palandöken for skiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . winter.

2. We will go for a walk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the afternoon.

3. My appointment with the dentist is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Friday.

4. The train leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . six o’ clock.

5. What about meeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 o’clock?

6. Emre was born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May.

7. My brother went to Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001.

8. She will give it back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the evening.

9. He will begin his new job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . September 5th.

10. Ayşe doesn’t get up early . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the morning.

30


PART FOUR

Prepositions of Place (Yer Edatları)

“in” İçinde, (-de, -da anlamında, kapalı alanlarda)

– Mr Jackson isn’t in his office at the moment.

(Mr Jackson şu anda ofisinde değil.)

– We are in a beautiful hotel now.

(Şu an güzel bir oteldeyiz.)

– Your mobile phone is in the second drawer.

(Cep telefonun ikinci çekmecede.)

– The children are playing in the garden.

(Çocuklar bahçede oynuyorlar.)

“in” ayrıca cadde , şehir ve bölge isimlerinin başında kullanılır.

– We live in Ankara.

(Biz Ankara’da yaşarız.)


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– The post office is in Baker’s Street.

(Postane Baker’s Sokağı’ndadır.)

– There is a big park in our street.

(Sokağımızda büyük bir park vardır.)

“At”: “–de, –da” (belli yerler, noktalar)

– We were at home last evening.

(Dün akşam evdeydik.)

– We had our lunch at the school canteen yesterday.

(Dün öğle yemeğimizi okul kantininde yedik.)

– I waited for half an hour at the bus-stop.

(Otobüs durağında yarım saat bekledim.)

– I watched an interesting adventure film at the cinema.

(Sinemada ilginç bir macera filmi seyrettim.)

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– Were you at home yesterday?

(Dün evde miydin?)

“at” ayrıca adress verirken (ev, iş, okul, hava alanı, süpermarket, hastane) kulla-nılır.

– I live at Camcı Street.

(Camcı Sokakta oturuyorum.)

– I wasn’t at home at the weekend.

(Hafta sonu evde değildim.)

– I waited for him at the airport for more than two hours.

(Onu havaalanında iki saatten fazla bekledim.)

“On”: Üzerinde(her hangi bir şeyin)

– There is a cat on the car.

(Arabanın üstünde bir kedi var.)

– I forgot my wallet on the table.

(Cüzdanımı masanın üzerinde unuttum.)


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– I left 60 euro on the table.

(Masanın üzerine 60 euro bıraktım.)

– Our flat is on the first floor.

(Dairemiz birinci kattadır.

– There are two boxes on the table.

(Masanın üzerinde iki kutu var.)

“Near”: Yakınında

–My school is near the post offi-ce.

(Okulum postanenin yakınında-dır.)

– We met near the shopping mall.

(Alışveriş merkezinin yakınında buluştuk.)

– The airport is near the the city centre.

(Havaalanı şehir merkezinin yakınındadır.)

– Our house is near the hospital.

(Evimiz hastanenin yakınındadır.)

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“Next to”: Yanında

– Ali always sits next to me in the class.

(Ali her zaman sınıfta yanım-da oturur.)

– The television is next to the door.

(Televizyon kapının yanındadır.)

– Her room is next to mine.

(Onun odası benimkinin yanındadır.)

– Tom’s house is next to Jane’s house.

(Tom’un evi Jane’in evinin yanındadır.)

“Under”: Altında

– Zeynep reads her book and puts it under the bed before he sleeps.

(Zeynep kitabını okur ve uyumadan önce yatağının altına koyar.)

– Ayşe puts her toys under his bed.

(Ayşe oyuncaklarını yatağının altına koyar.)


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– The mechanic is under the car. He is trying to repair it.

(Tamirci arabanın altında. Arabayı tamir etmeye çalışıyor.)

“In front of”: Önünde

– I will wait for you in front of the post office.

(Seni postanenin önünde bekleyeceğim.)

– Why are you waiting in front of the door?

(Niye kapının önünde bekliyorsun?)

– We met in front of the shopping center.

(Alışveriş merkezinin önünde karşılaştık.)

– There is a big garden in front of the house.

(Evin önünde büyük bir bahçe bulunmaktadır.)

“Behind”: Arkasında

– There is a big swimming pool behind the hotel.

(Otelin arkasında büyük bir yüzme havuzu bulunmaktadır.)

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– Your watch is behind the books.

(Saatin kitapların arkasında.)

– I think there’s somebody behind the door.

(Sanırım kapının arkasında biri var.)

– Emre is hidinig behind the door.

(Emre kapının arkasına saklanı-yor.)

“Between”: İki şeyin arasında

– The grocer’s is between the bookstore and the chemist’s.

(Bakkal, kitapçı ve eczanenin arasındadır.)


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– Emre is sitting between his grandmother and his grandfather.

(Emre büyükannesiyle büyükbabasının arasında oturuyor.)

– The flower is between the table and television.

(Çiçek, masanın ve televizyonun arasındadır.)

“Opposite”: Karşısında

– Our house is opposite the park.

(Evimiz parkın karşısındadır.)

– The chemist is opposite the theatre.

(Eczane tiyatronun karşısındadır.)

– The old man stood opposite the young man and smiled.

(Yaşlı adam genç adamın karşısında durdu ve gülümsedi.)

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– My father sits opposite the window and watches outside.

(Babam pencerenin karşısına oturur ve dışarıyı seyreder.)

10. Boşluklara, parantez içinde verilen edatlardan uygun olanını yerleştiriniz.

1. I am waiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the bus stop now. ( at / in / on)

2. The post office is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the bookstore and the chemist. (between / under / in)

3. He is hiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the door. (in / behind / under)

4. Our house is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the supermarket. (opposite / at / in)

5. We live . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the train station. (next / near / under)

6. The cat is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the table. (in / under / between)

7. The post office is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to the supermarket. (on / at / next to)

8. The vase is. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the table. (in / on/ between )

9. The children are playing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the park. (in / on / next)

10. They are waiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the train station. (in / on / at)


39

UNIT ONE (TEST)

1. Tom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ten hours on Sunday.

A) sleep B) slept C) sleeping D) sleeped

2. Someone is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the door.

A) in front of B) in C) on D) under

3. The secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . six letters yesterday.

A) type B) is typing C) typing D) typed

4. Who . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the chocolate?

A) eat B) ate C) eated D) eating

5. The children are playing snowball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the garden.

A) in B) at C) on D) between

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6. My son likes reading very much. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two books last week.

A) read B) reads C) readed D) is read

7. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . breakfast at ten o‘clock on Sunday.

A) have B) has C) had D) having

8. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to the shopping centre after work.

A) going B) goed C) goes D) went

9. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a bear in the forest last week.

A) see B) saw C) seeing D) seed

10. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . English at the weekend.

A) study B) studying C) studied D) studyd


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11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yesterday, I went to cinema and watched a film.

A) In B) At C) On D) –

12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two days, I have to finish the project.

A) – B) At C) In D) On

13. The schools open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . September 16 th.

A) in B) at C) – D) on

14. I like having breakfast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the mornings.

A) – B) in C) at D) on

15. Emre likes playing with snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the winter.

A) – B) at C) in D) on

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16. I am going to finish my project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . night.

A) at B) in C) – D) on

17. We will leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the evening.

A) in B) at C) on D) –

18. She will arrive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . one o’clock.

A) – B) at C) on D) in

19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday night, we went to fishing with friends.

A) – B) At C) In D) On

20. The children are hiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the sofa.

A) behind B) in C) on D) to


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21. Do you dream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nights?

A) in B) on C) at D) under

22. What do you do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the weekends?

A) on B) at C) in D) under

23. I usually go shopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturdays.

A) in B) on C) under D) in

24. He is a strange man. He goes walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . midnights.

A) in B) on C) under D) at

25. The baby usually sleeps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the afternoons.

A) in B) on C) – D) at

UNIT TWO

HEALTH

(SAĞLIK)

46



Bu ünitenin sonunda:

1. Sağlıkla ilgili bir okuma parçasını okuyup anlayıp, konu ile ilgili soruları cevap-landırabilecek,

2. Sıfatları kullanarak her hangi iki şeyi veya kişiyi kıyaslayabilecek,

3. Sıfatları kullanarak her hangi bir şeyin veya kişinin bir konuda en üstün oldu-ğunu söyleyebileceksiniz.



– Alıştırmalara başlamadan önce yönergeyi dikkatle okuyunuz.

– Alıştıralardan önce verilen örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz ve ondan sonra alıştırmaları çözmeye başlayınız.

– Alıştırmaları çözdükten sonra cevap anahtarında kontrol ederek yanlış yap-tığınız alıştırmanın konusuna tekrar çalışınız.


47

PART ONE

Eat Healthy Stay Healthy (Sağlıklı ye Sağlıklı Kal)

Eating healthy means having a healthy life. By eating healthy food you’ll lose weight, you’ll keep fit and the most important thing; you’ll have a healty life. The question is; how can we do that?

Don’t panic! You are not going to have a strickt diet for the rest of your life.What we are going to do is not a diet. We are just going to eat healthy. The people who are already on diet should also listen to our advise.

First of all we should eat more fruits and vegetables than we eat now. Whe-never you feel hungry don’t eat chips and biscuits or chocolate. Eat healthy food. Instead of a chocolate you can get a fig or a date. Dried fruits like these are more healthier than chocolate. Don’t eat before two hours because the digestive system can’t digest the food we eat before two hours. Stay away from flour sugar and fat. Drink more water than you drink now. At least you should drink two litres of water every day. Water helps you to lose weight and it also to renews your cells.

These tips will make your life easier. You’ll have a more comfortable life by taking simple advices like this. Don’t forget! Having a healtyh meal means having a healthy life.

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Words: Kelimeler

healthy : sağlıklılife : yaşamfood : yiyeceklose weigh : kilo vermekkeep fit : formda kalmakimportant : önemlidon’t panik : panik yapmastrict : sıkırest of the life : hayatın geri kalan kısmıfruit : meyvevegetable : sebzewhenever : her ne zamanhungry : açsnack : atıştırmakchips : cips / patates kızartmasıinstead of : (bir şeyin) yerinefig : incirdate : hurmadigestive system : sindirim sistemidried fruit : kuru yemişrenew : yenilemekcell : hücrestay away : uzak dur


1. By eating healthy food you’ll get / loose weight.

2. We are just going to drink / eat healthy.

3. The people who are already on diet should / shouldn’t also listen to our advice.


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4. We should / shouldn’t eat more fruit and vegetable.

5. Dried fruits are less / more healthier than chocolate.

2. Aşağıdaki soruları okuma parçasına göre cevaplandırınız.

1. What does eating healhty food mean?

2. What will happen when you eat healthy food?

3. Should we eat more vegetables and fruits?

4. Does water help to renew your cells?

5. What shouldn’t we eat when we feel hungry?

6. Can the digestive system digest the the food before two hours?

7. Is water good for our health?

8. How many litres of water should we drink?

9. ls dried food healthier than chocolate?

10. Should we stay away from flour, oil and sugar?

50


PART TWO

Comparative And Superlative Adjectives

Comparative form of Adjectives (Sıfatlarda Kıyaslama)

İki kişi, nesne veya kavramı karşılaştırırken “comparative” yapıyı kullanırız. Bu karşılaştırma sıfatları kullanarak yapılır.

Tek heceli sıfatları kıyaslarken sıfatın sonuna “–er” getirilir.Sıfat + -er

Sıfatın son iki harfi bir ünlü bir ünsüz ise son harf iki defa yazılır.

NOT

tall (uzun) – taller (daha uzun)

big (büyük) – bigger (daha büyük)

slim (ince) – slimmer (daha ince)

– An elephant is bigger than a bear.

(Bir fil bir ayıdan daha büyüktür.)

– You are taller than me.

(Sen benden daha uzunsun.)

easy (kolay) – easier (daha kolay)

crazy (çılgın) – crazier (daha çılgın)

pretty (hoş) – prettier (daha hoş)

funny (eğlenceli) – funnier (daha eğlenceli)


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– English is easier than Chinese.

(İngilizce Çinceden daha kolaydır.)

– Playing in the playground is funnier than playing computer games.

(Parkta oynamak, bilgisayar oyunu oynamaktan daha eğlencelidir.)

İki ve daha fazla heceli sıfatları kıyaslarken sıfatın başına “more” kelimesi getirilir.

important (önemli) – more important (daha önemli)

difficult (zor) – more difficult (daha zor)

expensive (pahalı) – more expensive (daha pahalı)

– A car is more expensive than a bike.

(Bir otomobil bir bisikletten daha pahalıdır.)

– Health is more important than money.

(Sağlık paradan daha önemlidir.)

Bazı sıfatlar düzensiz olup yukarıdaki kurallara uymaz.

bad – worse (kötü – daha kötü)

little – less (az – daha az)

much – more (çok – daha çok)

far – farther / further (uzak – daha uzak)

“Comparative” yapıyı cümle içinde kullanırken “than” yapısı kullanılır.

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– Ali is taller than Ayhan.

(Ali Ayhan’dan daha uzundur.)

– Turkey is bigger than Greece.

(Türkiye Yunanistan’dan daha büyüktür.)

– Konya is larger than Ankara.

(Konya Ankara’dan daha geniş araziye sa-hiptir.)

The Superlative Form of Adjectives

(Sıfatların En Üstünlük Derecesi)

Üç veya daha fazla kişi, nesne veya kavramların arasında en üstününü belir-tirken “superlative” yapıyı kullanırız. Bu sıfatların en üstünlük dereceleri kullanılarak yapılır.

Tek heceli sıfatların en üstünlük derecesi sıfatın başına “the” sonuna “-est” ge-tirilerek yapılr.

Sıfat + –est

Sıfatın son iki kelimesi bir ünlü bir ünsüz ise son kelime çift yazılır.

NOT

fat – the fattest (şişman – en şişman)

big – the biggest (büyük – en büyük)

slim – the slimmest (ince – en ince)


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“-y”den önce sessiz harf geliyorsa “–y” atılır onun yerine “–iest” getirilir.

easy – the easiest (kolay – en kolay)

crazy – the craziest (çılgın – en çılgın)

pretty – the prettiest (güzel – en güzel)

funny – the funniest (eğlenceli – en eğlenceli)

İki ve daha fazla heceli sıfatların en üstünlük derecesi sıfatın başına “the most” kelimesi getirilerek yapılır.

important – the most important (önemli – en önemli)

difficult – the most difficult (zor – en zor)

expensive – the most expensive (pahalı – en pahalı)

Bazı sıfatlar düzensiz olup yukarıdaki kurallara uymaz.

good – the best (iyi – en iyi)

bad – the worst (kötü – en kötü)

little – the least (Küçük – en küçük)

much – the most (çok – en çok)

far – the farthest/the furthest (uzak – en uzak)

Superlative yapı kullanılırken sıfatların başına mutlaka “the” getirilir.

– Ali is the tallest boy in the class.

(Ali sınıfın en uzun boylu öğrencisidir.)

– İstanbul is the biggest city of Turkey.

(İstanbul Türkiye’nin en büyük şehridir. )

– Ersin is the cleverest boy in the classroom.

(Ersin sınıfın en akıllı öğrencisidir.)

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– Cheetah is the fastest animal in the world.

(Çitalar dünyanın en hızlı hayvanıdır.)

ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE DEGREE SUPERLATIVE DEGREE

fine (güzel) finer (daha güzel) the finest (en güzel)

wide (geniş) wider (daha geniş) the widest (en geniş)

large (büyük,geniş) larger (daha geniş) the larger (en geniş)

late (geç) later (daha geç) the latest (en geç)

nice (güzel) nicer (daha güzel) the nicest (en güzel)

safe (güvenli) safer (daha güvenli) the safest (en güvenli)

young (genç) younger (daha genç) the youngest (en genç)

new (yeni) newer (daha yeni) the newest (en yeni)

long (uzun) longer (daha uzun) the longest (en uzun)

thick (kalın) thicker (daha kalın) the thickest (en kalın)

clean (temiz) cleaner (daha temiz) the cleanest (en temiz)

cheap (ucuz) cheaper (daha ucuz) the cheapest (en ucuz)

poor (fakir) poorer (daha fakir) the poorest (en fakir)

rich (zengin) richer (daha zengin) the richest (en zengin)

light (hafif ) lighter (daha hafif ) the lightest (en hafif )

strong (güçlü) stronger (daha güçlü) the strongest (en güçlü)

weak (zayıf,güçsüz) weaker (daha zayıf ) the weakest (en zayıf )

cool (serin) cooler (daha serin) the coolest (en serin)


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small (küçük) smaller (daha küçük) the smallest (en küçük)

cold (soğuk) colder (daha soğuk) the coldest (en soğuk)

old (yaşlı, eski) older (daha yaşlı,daha eski) the oldest (en yaşlı, en eski)

hot (sıcak) hotter (daha sıcak) the hottest (en sıcak)

fat (şişman) fatter (daha şişman) the fattest (en şişman)

clever (akıllı) cleverer (daha akıllı) the cleverest (en akıllı)

fast (hızlı) faster (daha hızlı) the fastest (en hızlı)

fancy (süslü) fancier (daha süslü) the fanciest (en süslü)

happy (mutlu) happier (daha mutlu) the happiest (en mutlu)

heavy (ağır) heavier (daha ağır) the heaviest (en ağır)

easy (kolay) easier (daha kolay) the easiest (en kolay)

busy (meşgul) busier (daha meşgul) the busiest (en meşgul)

dirty (kirli) dirtier (daha kirli) the dirtiest (en kirli)

early (erken) earlier (daha erken) the earliest (en erken)

ugly (çirkin) uglier (daha çirkin) the ugliest (en çirkin)

pretty (hoş) prettier (daha hoş) the prettiest (en hoş)

lazy (tembel) lazier (daha tembel) the laziest (en tembel)

funny (eğlenceli) funnier (daha eğlenceli) the funniest (en eğlenceli)

difficult (zor) more difficult (daha zor) the most difficult (en zor)

comfortable (rahat) more comfortable (daha rahat) the most comfortable (en rahat)

famous (ünlü) more famous (daha ünlü) the most famous (en ünlü)

boring (sıkıcı) more boring (daha sıkıcı) the most boring (en sıkıcı)

handsome (yakışıklı) more handsome (daha yakışıklı) the most handsome (en yakışıklı)

dangerous (tehlikeli) more dangerous (daha tehlikeli) the most dangerous (en tehlikeli)

delicious (lezzetli) more delicious (daha lezzetli) the most delicious (en lezzetli)

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3. Aşağıdaki sıfatların “comparative” ve “superlative” şekillerini yazınız.

Adjective Comparative Superlative

1. big

2. old

3. expensive

4. good

5. young

6. interesting

7. little

8. cheap

9. far

10. slow

expensive (pahalı) more expensive (daha pahalı) the most expensive (en pahalı)

crowded (kalabalık) more crowded (daha kalabalık) the most crowded (en kalabalık)

hardworking (çalışkan)more hordworking (daha çalış-kan)

the most hardworking (en çalışkan)

interesting (ilginç) more interesting (daha ilginç) the most interesting (en ilginç)

beautiful (güzel) more beautiful (daha güzel) the most beautiful (en güzel)

many (çok) more (daha çok)the most (en çok) (sayılabilen isim-lerle)

much (çok) more (daha çok)the most (en çok ) (sayılamayan isimlerle)

good (iyi) better (daha iyi) the best (en iyi)

bad (kötü) worse (daha kötü) the worst (en kötü)

little (az) less (daha az) the least (en az)

far (uzak) farther / further (daha uzak) the farthest / the furthest (en uzak)


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1. A dog is big / bigger than a rabbit .

2. It was cold at the weekend but today the weather is gooder / better.

3. I think maths is difficulter / more difficult than English .

4. In Kuwait water is expensiver / more expensive than petrol.

5. Emre is 8 and Ayşe is 13, Emre is young / younger than Kim.

6. Can you speak a bit loud / louder please, I can’t hear you.

7. My bicycle is big / bigger than your bicycle.

8. The Grand Hotel is expensiver / more expensive than the King hotel.

9. I feel gooder / better than yesterday.

10. My brother is taller / more than me.


1. Linda is most intelligent / the most intelligent girl in the school.

2. My father is the older / the oldest member of our family.

3. Büyükada is is the more interesting / the most interesting island I have ever visited.

4. This car is the more expensive / the most expensive car in the world.

5. Whale is biggest / the biggest animal in the world.

6. Michael is the younger / the youngest worker in the factory.

7. Antalya is the hot / the hottest city in Turkey.

8. Greenland is the larger / the largest island in the world.

9. A tortoise is slowerest / the slowest animal.

10. Antarctica is the colder / the coldest continent in the world.

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6. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki sıfatların “comparative” şekli ile doldurunuz.

1. A car is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (expensive) than a motorbike.

2. This armchair is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (comfortable) than the others.

3. Yozgat is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (small) than Kırıkkale.

4. Ayla is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fat) than Leyla.

5. My room is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (clean) than my sister’s room.

6. Apples are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (healthy) than chips.

7. Motorbikes are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fast) than bikes.

8. A lion is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (heavy) than a dog.

9. Winter is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cold) than Autumn.

10. Ali is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (tall) than Ahmet.

7. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki sıfatların “superlative” şekli ile doldurunuz..

1. Pelin is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (tall) of the three children.

2. Geography is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (interesting) lesson .

3. Anaconda is the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (poisonous) snake in the world.

4. Banana is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (sweet) fruit for me.

5. Erzurum is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cold) city in Turkey.

6. Health is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (important) thing in the world.

7. A turtoise is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (slow) walking animal .

8. Winter is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cold) season.

9. Mount Ağrı is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (high) mountain in Turkey.

10. Kızılırmak is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (long) river in Turkey.


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PART THREE

Modal Verbs (Model Fiilleri)

“Modal verb”ler ihtimal, yeterlilik, izin verme, izin isteme, rica etme, öne-ride bulunma, beklenti ve yasak ifade eder. Modalların başlıcaları şunlardır: “can, could, would, may, should, must”:

“Can”: Yetenek, olasılık ve rica bildirir.

Yetenek:

– Ali can ride a horse.

(Ali ata binebilir.)

– Can you speak Arabic?

(Arapça konuşabilir mi-sin?)

İhtimal:

– It can snow tomorrow.

(Yarın kar yağabilir.)

– Don’t drive so fast. You can hava an accident.

(Bu kadar hızlı sürme, kaza yapabilirsin.)

Rica:

– Can you help me?

(Bana yardım edebilir misin?)

– Can I use your telephone, Tom?

(Telefonunu kullanabilir miyim,Tom?)

– Can I come in?

(İçeri girebilir miyim?)

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“Could”: Geçmiş yetenek, geleceğe dönük düşük oranlı olasılık, kibarca ricada bulunmak ve izin almak için kullanılır.

– My grandfather could ride a horse when he was young.

(Büyükbabam gençken ata binebilirdi.)

– I couldn’t speak English at the age of 18.

(18 yaşındayken İngilizce konuşamıyordum.)

Geleceğe Dönük Düşük Oranlı Olasılık:

– It could snow tomorrow.

(Yarın kar yağabilir.)

– You could be famous.

(Ünlü olabilirsin.)

Kibarca Rica ve İzin Alma

– Could you help me to clean the house, darling?

(Evi temizlememe yardım edebilir misin ,canım?)

– Could I take your umbrella? I can’t find mine.

(Şemsiyeni alabilir miyim? Kendiminkini bulamıyorum.)


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“Would”: Ricada bulunmak ve geçmiş alışkanlıkları belirtmek için kullanılır.

Ricada Bulunmak:

– Would you close the window? It is cold.

(Camı kapatabilir misin? Çok soğuk.)

– Would you help me to carry the box? (Kutuyu taşımama yardım eder misin?)

Geçmiş Alışkanlık:

– My grandfather would tell me Nasreddin Hodja stories when I visited him.

(Büyükbaba onu ziyaret ettiğimde bana Nasrettin Hoca fıkraları anlatırdı.)

– I would drink two glasses of milk everyday when I was a child.

(Küçükken günde iki bardak süt içerdim.)

Would you close the window? It is cold.

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“May”: Kibarca izin isteme, olasılık ve dua ederken kullanılır.

İzin İsteme:

– May I come in?

(İçeri girebilir miyim?)

– May I use your pen?

(Kaleminizi kullanabilir miyim?)

Olasılık:

– The roads are slippery. Be carefull! You may fall down.

(Yollar kaygan. Dikkat et! Düşebilirsin.)

– Look carefully! You may find it.

(Dikkatli bak! Bulabilirsin.)

Dua Ederken:

– May God with you!

(Allah’a emanet ol!)

May I come in?


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– May God help you!

(Allah yardımcın olsun!)

“Should”: Tavsiyede bulunmak için kullanılır.

– You shouldn’t eat junk food.

(Abur cubur yememelisin.)

– You are tired. You should have a rest.

(Yorgunsun. Dinlenmelisin.)

– Ali has an important exam tomorrow. He should study.

(Ali’ nin yarın önemli bir sınavı var. O çalışmalı.)

– You should listen to your parent’s advise.

(Anne babanın tavsiyelerini dinlemelisin.)

You shouldn’t eat junk food.

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“Must”: Zorunluluk ve yasak belirtir.

– You must stop at the red light.

(Kırmızı ışıkta beklemelisin.)

– You must do your homework or the teacher will punish you.

(Ödevini yapmak zorundasın yoksa öğretmen seni cezalandırır.)

– You mustn’t pick up the flowers.

(Çiçekleri koparmamalısın.)

– You mustn’t drive over the speed limit.

(Hız limitinin üzerinde araç sürmemelisin.)


1. He can / may swim well. He is a good swimmer.

2. He always makes accidents. He can / can’t drive well.

3. May / Must I borrow your pen?

You must stop at the red light.


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4. You must / mustn’t park your car here. It is forbidden.

5. It may / should snow. It is freezing cold.

6. You are tired you should / shouldn’t have a rest.

7. I could / can swim when I was a child.

8. Would / Should you close the window? It is very cold.

9. You must / mustn’t pick up the flowers. It is forbidden.

10. You are overweight .You shouldn’t / must eat much.

9. Boşluklara uygun olan kelimeyi getiriniz.

1. When I was young. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (could / should) run very fast.

2. I have a terrible toothache. I think I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (should / shouldn’t) take a painkiller.

3. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (must / mustn’t) speak loudly in the library.

4. You have no money. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (can / can’t) buy that jacket.

5. It is very hot in here . You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (should / can’t) turn off the heating.

6. I lost my keys in the dark and I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (shouldn’t / couldn’t) find it.

7. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (can / may) speak English, German and Arabic.

8. I think we are lost. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (must / may) call for help.

9. Parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (should / shoudn’t) take care of their children.

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Should / Would) you like to have a cup of coffee?

10. Boşlukları “should, must, could, mustn’t, can’t, can” ile doldurunuz.

1. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wait when the light is red.

2. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cross when the light is red.

3. He is very tired. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . have a rest.

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4. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . run very fast when I was young. I was a good runner.

5. Excuse me sir! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I come in?

6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you like to have a cup of tea?

7. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ride a horse, but I can’t ride a bike.

8. He is too short. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . reach the seeling.

9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you help me to carry the box. It is too heavy.

10. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see a doctor. You look pale.


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UNIT TWO (TEST)

1. The film was . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than I thought.

A) gooder B) best C) the best D) better

2. The Museum of Anatolian Civilization is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . museum in Turkey.

A) big B) bigger C) the biggest D) more big

3. Our house is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than our neighbours.

A) big B) biggest C) the bigger D) bigger

4. Planes are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than busses.

A) expensive B) more expensive C) expensiver B) the more expensive

5. The. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . difficult problem was the last one.

A) more B) most C) much

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D) many

6. Kızılırmak is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . river in Turkey.

A) the longer B) the longest C) longest D) longer than

7. This necklace is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than the last one you bought me.

A) more expensive B) the more expensive C) expensiver D) the most expensive

8. Vegetables are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than starcy food.

A) healthy B) healthier C) more healthier D) the healtiest

9. Mount Everest is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mountain in the world.

A) high B) higher C) the higher D) the highest

10. Ali is 45 years old. Ayhan is 42 years old.

A) Ali is older than Ayhan. B) Ayhan is older than Ali. C) Ali is younger than Ayhan.


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D) Ali is oldest than Ayhan.

11. Russia is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Germany.

A) large B) largest C) larger D) the large

12. Carrots are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for you than cookies.

A) good B) gooder C) bad D) better

13. I am . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than my brother.

A) tall B) taller C) the tallest D) the taller

14. A cat is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than a dog.

A) lovely B) most lovelier C) the most lovely D) lovelier

15. There are four cars in the car park. Our car is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) new B) newer C) most new

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D) the newest

16. Summer is the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . season in our country.

A) the hot B) hottest C) hotter D) the hotter

17. Ayşe is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Emre at school.

A) successful B) more successful C) the most succcessful D) successfullest

18. You play chess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than me.

A) good B) gooder C) bad D) better

19. The weather is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than yesterday . There is a bad storm and it is very cold.

A) good B) gooder C) worse D) worser

20. Excuse me where is the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . post office.

A) near B) nearer C) nearest


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D) the nearest

21. Who is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . footballer in Turkey?

A) the goodest B) the good C) gooder D) the best

22. Tea is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than coffee in our country.

A) popularer B) more popular C) the more popular D) the most popular

23. Mr. Anderson is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . teacher in our school.

A) good B) goodest C) the goodest D) the best

24. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . stop smoking. It is very dangerous for your health.

A) sholdn’t B) mustn’t C) should D) can

25. It is very noisy. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hear you.

A) can B) can’t C) must D) should

UNIT THREE

VALUES

(DEĞERLER)

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Bu ünitenin sonunda;

1. Konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandırabilecek, Ramazan Bayramı ile ilgili bir oku-ma parçasını okuyup anlayacak,

2. “The Present Perfect Tense” konusunu öğrenecek,

3. Durum zarflarını öğrenecek ve cümle içinde kullanabileceksiniz.



– Alıştırmalara başlamadan önce yönergeyi dikkatle okuyunuz.

– Alıştırmaların başında verilen örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz ve ondan sonra alıştırmaları çözmeye başlayınız.

– Alıştırmaları çözdükten sonra cevap anahtarında kontrol ederek yanlış yap-tığınız alıştırmanın konusuna tekrar çalışınız.


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PART ONE

Ramadan Feast (Ramazan Bayramı)

Tomorrow is Ramadan Feast. I am waiting for it impatiently. We have finished the preparations for the feast. My father has bought new clothes for me and my brother. My mother has cooked delicious meals. She has made stuffed vine leaves.This is very popular in Turkey. She also has made our traditional dessert “Baklava”. Now I am fasting but tomorrow I will eat all of them. My mother and sister has cleaned the house. We are going to wake up early in the first day of the Ramadan Feast. Because my father and I are going to mosque for the Feast pray. My father has taught me how to do the “Ramadan Feast pray”. After the pray we will congratulate each other’s feast in the mosque.

At home my mother is going to prepare us a big breakfast. I am looking forward to it. Because I am fasting and I haven’t had breakfast for four weeks. Instead of breakfast we have “sahur” in the month of Ramadan. The time of “sahur” is before the dawn .

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Ramadan in İstanbul has a different meaning for me. I am going to collect candy from neighbours. Children go to their neighbours, kiss their hands and get candies and pocket money from them. May be this is the reason why I like this feast very much. Children call it “Sugar Feast”.

We are going to visit our relatives, especially older ones and kiss their hands.

In the past there were shadow plays, such as Karagöz and Hacivat. Children could go to the places where entertainment were held and would watch them with great pleasure during the Ramadan Feast. People fastened their relationships in the past in Ramadan month. But nowadays, some people use Ramadan Feast as a holiday. Instead of visiting relatives, friends and neighbors, they prefer going on holiday. A good tradition is going to disappear slowly.

I hope we can keep this tradition alive.

Words: Kelimeler

Ramadan Feast : Ramazan Bayramımosque : camiimpatiently : sabırsızcareason : sebepSugar Feast : Şeker Bayramıpocket money : cep harçlığıshadow play : gölge oyunucongradulate : tebrik etmekdawn : seher vaktieverybody : herkesfeast pray : bayram namazıprepare : hazırlamaklooking forward to : dört gözle beklemekbreakfast : kahvaltıdifferent : farklımeaning : anlamfasting : oruç tutmakinstead of : … nın yerinecandy : şeker


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1. People wake up early / late on the Ramadan Feast.

2. Everybody goes to the mosque on Monday / the feast.

3. People prefered to go on holiday in the past / nowadays.

4. Children collect candies / stamps during the feast.

5. People buy new / old clothes for the feast.

2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız.

1. Are they going to wake up early in the morning in the first day of the Ra-madan feast?

2. What do his father and he do early in the morning in the Ramadan feast?

3. Are they going to make a big breakfast?

4. What do people nowadays do in the Ramadan feast?

5. Do people put on new clothes for the feast?

6. Why is the tradition going to disappear slowly?

7. Is he going to collect candies from neighbours?

8. Are they going to visit their relatives?

9. Do everybody congratulate each other feast in the mosque?

10. Does Ramadan have a different meaning in İstanbul ?

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PART TWO

Present Perfect Tense

“Present Perfect Tense” geçmişte başlamış, etkisi veya kendisi devam eden olayları, geçmişte yapılan ve zamanı belli olmayan olayları anlatırken kullanılır.

Bu zamanda fiil

Olumlu cümlede fiil S + have / has V3 + O

I/you/we/they have

He/she/it has

I have studied lesson.(Ders çalıştım.)

She has studied lesson.(O ders çalıştı.)

Olumsuz cümlede S + haven’t / hasn’t V3 + O

I/you/we/they haven’t

He/she/it hasn’t

I haven’t studied lesson.(Ders çalışmadım.)

She hasn’t studied lesson.(O ders çalışmadı.)

Soru cümlesinde Have / Has + S + V3 + O

Have I/you/we/they

Has he/she/it

Have you studied lesson?(Ders çalıştın mı?)

Has she studied lesson?(O ders çalıştı mı?)

– I have drunk milk.

(Süt içtim.)

– She hasn’t done her homework.

(O henüz ödevini yapmadı.)

– Have you done your homework?

(Ödevini yaptın mı?)


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“Present Perfect Tense” te fiil 3. hâlde kullanılır.

Düzenli fiillerin sonuna “–ed” getirilir. Düzensiz filler aşağıdaki tabloda veril-miştir:

Geçmişte yapılmış ve etkisi devam eden eylemleri anlatırken kullanılır:

1. Hâli (Base Form) 2. Hâli (Past Simple) 3. Hâli (Past Participle) Türkçe Anlamı

be was-were been olmak

beat beat beaten vurmak

become became become olmak

begin began begun başlamak

bend bent bent bükmek

bet bet bet bahse girmek

bite bit bitten ısırmak

blow blew blown esmek

break broke broken kırmak

bring brought brought getirmek

build built built inşa etmek

burn/burned burnt/burned burnt/burned yakmak

buy bought bought satın almak

catch caught caught yakalmak

choose chose chosen seçmek

come came come gelmek

cost cost cost değer biçmek

cut cut cut kesmek

deal dealt dealt anlaşmak

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dig dug dug kazmak

do did done yapmak

draw drew draw çekmek

dream dreamed dreamt dreamed dreamt rüya görmek

drive drove droven araba sürmek

drink drank drunk içmek

eat eate eaten yemek yemek

fall fell fallen düşmek

feed fed fed beslenmek

feel felt felt hissetmek

fight fought fought dövüşmek

find found found bulmak

fly flew flown uçmak

forbid forbade forbidden yasaklamak

forget forgot forgotten unutmak

forgive forgave forgiven affetmek

freeze froze frozen donmak

get got gotten elde etmek

give gave given vermek

go went gone gitmek

grow grew grown büyümek

hang hung hung asmak

have had had sahip olmak

hear heard heard duymak

hide hid hidden saklamak


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hit hit hit vurmak

hold held held tutmak

hurt hurt hurt saklamak

keep kept kept saklamak

know knew known bilmek

lay laid laid yaymak

lead led led rehberlik etmek

learn learnt/learned learnt/ learned öğretmek

leave left left ayrılmak

lend lent lent ödunç vermek

let let let izin vermek

lie lay lain yalan söylemek

lose lost lost kaybetmek

make made made yapmak

mean meant meant anlamına gelmek

meet met met buluşmak

pay Paid paid ödemek

put put put koymak

read read read okumak

ride rode ridden binmek

ring rang rung çalmak

rise rose risen yukselmek

run ran run koşmak

say said said ödemek

see saw seen görmek

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sell sold sold satmak

send sent sent göndermek

show showed showed göstermek

shut shut shut kapamak

sıng sang sung şarkı söylemek

sit sat sat oturmak

sleep slept slept uyumak

speak spoke spoken konuşmak

spend spent spent harcamak

stand stood stood ayakta durmak

swim swam swum yüzmek

take took taken almak

teach taught taught öğretmek

tear tore torn yırtmak

tell told told anlatmak

think thought thought düsünmek

throw threw thrown fırlatmak

understand understood understood anlamak

wake woke woken uyanmak

wear wore worn giymek

win won won kazanmak

write wrote written yazmak

– I have seen that film before.

(O filmi daha önce izledim.)


83

– Scientist have made many new inventions in this century.

(Bilim adamları bu yüzyılda birçok buluş yaptılar.)

– I haven’t been to Egypt before.

(Daha önce Mısır’da bulunmadım.)

– Have you seen such a beautiful scene before?

(Daha önce böyle güzel bir manzara gördün mü?)

Geçmişte belirli zamanda başlamış ve hâlâ devam etmekte olan eylemleri anlatırken kullanılır:

– I have lived in Ankara for more than 20 years.

(Yirmi yılı aşkın Ankara’da yaşıyorum.)

– The secretary has typed ten letters so far.

(Sekreter şu ana kadar on mektup yazdı.)

– We have been married for 14 years.

(On dört yıldır evliyiz.)

– I have had the same car for 11 years.

(On bir yıldır aynı arabaya sahibim.)

– Emre hasn’t seen his uncle since June.

(Emre hazirandan beri amcasını görmedi.)

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– I have broken the vase accidentally.

(Yanlışlıkla vazoyu kırdım.) (Vazo şu an kırık.)

– Ayşe hasn’t cleaned her room yet.

(Ayşe henüz odasını temizlemedı.) (Odası hâlâ kirli.)

– I have washed my car.

(Arabamı yıkadım.) (Arabam hâlâ temiz.)

– Turan has lost his wallet.

(Turan cüzdanını kaybetti.) (Cüzdanı hala kayıp.)

– The electricity has gone.

(Elektrikler kesildi.) (Elektrikler hâlâ kesik.)

“Yet”, “already” , “ever” , “before” Present Perfect Tense” le birlikte kullanılır:

Yet: “Daha, henüz” anlamına gelir. Soru ve olumsuz cümlelerde cümlenin so-nunda kullanılır.

I have broken the vase ac-cidentally.


85

– Ayşe and Emre haven’t finished their homework yet.

(Ayşe ve Emre henüz ödevlerini bitirmedi-ler.)

– Have you posted the letters yet?

(Mektupları henüz gönderdin mi?)

– I can’t go out because I haven’t finished my meal yet.

(Dışarı çıkamam çünkü henüz yemeğimi bitirmedim.)

– Zeynep hasn’t cooked the meal yet.

(Zeynep henüz yemeği pişirmedi.)

– We haven’t changed our car yet.

(Henüz arabamızı değiştirmedik.)

Already: Zaten, çoktan

– I have already sent the e-mails.

(Elektronik postaları çoktan gönderdim.)

– You don’t need to wash the car. I have already washed it.

(Arabayı yıkamana gerek yok. Ben zaten yıkadım.)

– I have already painted our new house. We can move there now.

(Yeni evimizi çoktan boyadım. Şimdi taşınabiliriz.)

86


– I have already finished my homework?

(Ev ödevimi çoktan bitirdim.)

– I have already seen that film.

(O filmi ben zaten seyrettim.)

Ever: “Hiç, şu ana kadar” anlamına gelir. Sadece soru cümlelerinde esas fiilden önce kullanılır.

– Have you ever been to India?

(Hiç Hindistan’da bulundun mu?)

– Have you ever met a famous person?

(Hiç ünlü birisi ile karşılaştın mı?)

– Have you ever eaten Chinese food?

(Hiç Çin yemeği yedin mi?)

– Have you ever ridden a horse?

(Hiç ata bindin mi?)

– Have you ever been abroad?

(Hiç yurt dışında bulundun mu?)

Before: “Daha önce” anlamına gelir. Cümle sonuna getirilir.

– I haven’t met him before.

(Onunla daha önce karşılaşmadım.)

– I have seen that film before.

(Bu filmi daha önce gördüm.)

– I haven’t eaten Chinese food before.

(Daha önce hiç Çin yemeği yemedim.)


87

– Zeynep has seen İzmir before.

(Zeynep daha önce İzmir’i gördü.)

– I haven’t made such a mistake before.

(Daha önce böyle bir hata yapmadım.)

– He hasn’t watched a horror film before.

(O daha önce korku filmi seyretmedi.)


1. I have see / seen that movie.

2. He has pay / paid his income tax.

3. The teacer has explain / explained the Gravity Theory.

4. I have study / studied my lessons.

5. I have had / have this motorbike for a long time.

6. Ali hasn’t drinked / drunk anything since this morning.

7. Remzi and I haven’t see / seen each other since the May.

8. I have finish / finished doing my homework.

9. I have worn / wear my new jacket.

10. He has already call / called.

4. Boşlukları “have” ya da “has” ile doldurunuz.

1. Our football team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . won the match.

2. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . worked in the same company for eight years.

3. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . just gone out.

4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you ever been to England?

5. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . decided to learn Chinese.

88


6. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . had our dinner.

7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the post arrived yet?

8. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . known each other for a long time.

9. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . studied for the exam.

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you finished your homework yet?

5. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki fiillerin uygun hâlleri ile oldurunuz.

1. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not/do) our homework yet.

2. The baby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . already . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drink) his milk.

3. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) there before.

4. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not eat) banana before.

5. My mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cook) delicious meal.

6. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (miss) the bus.

7. I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (eat) too much.

8. Ali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) to Germany.

9. I can’t run. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hurt) my leg.

10. People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (travel) to the moon.

6. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki fiillerin uygun hâlleri ile doldurunuz.

1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (help) you with your homework?

2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (live) in Africa long?

3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ride) a horse before?

4. What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do)?

5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (feed) the animals yet?

6. Who . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (break) that window?

7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (travel) to France?


89

8. Why . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not drink) your milk?

9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not/go) to the supermarket yet?

10. What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) for me?

7. Boşluklara “yet” ,“already” ya da “before” getiriniz.

1. We have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . had our dinner.

2. I haven’t done my homework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Have you fed the chickens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

4. I want to go out, but I haven’t finished my homework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. I can’t eat anything more. I have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eaten 3 sandwiches.

6. I haven’t seen such a beautiful scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Look it’s unbe-lievable.

7. He has . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . finished his work.

8. Have you seen the new film . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

9. Don’t worry, I have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . changed the flat tyre.

10. I haven’t seen the pyramids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Look! They are fantastic.

8. Doğru olan seçeneği işaretleyiniz.

1. I haven’t seen that film already / before.

2. Have you ever / before eaten avakado?

3. I haven’t played soccer already / before.

4. Why haven’t you posted the letters already / yet?

5. Have you before / ever seen a famous person?

6. Has your father finished painting the house yet / already?

7. We haven’t visited the museum yet / ever.

8. Has the train arrived to the station ever / yet?

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9. Have the children done their homework already / yet?

10. Have you been there ever / before?

9. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri kullanarak cümleler kurunuz.

1. yet. / She / has / finished / homework / her / not

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Atakule. / The tourists / been / have, / to / already

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. the / yet? / Has / bus / arrived

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. I / watched / already / have / film. / that

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Have / you / cleaned / room / your / yet?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. I / haven’t / a / gorilla / before. / seen

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. been / I / have / to /İstanbul.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. James / f inished / hasn’t / homework / yet. / his

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. I / seen / him / haven’t / long / for / time. / a

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. haven’t / received / I / any messages / him. / from


91

PART THREE

Adverbs Of Manner (Durum Zarfları)

Zarflar, fiilleri nitelendirir. Zarflar genellikle sıfatların sonuna “-ly” getirilerek oluşturulur. Bazı zarflar düzensizdir.

Adjective (Sıfat) Adverb (Zarf)

bad (kötü) badly (kötü bir şekilde)

beautiful (güzel) beautifully (güzel bir şekilde)

careful (dikkatli) carefully (dikkatli bir şekilde)

quick (hızlı) quickly (hızlı şekilde)

quiet (sessiz) quietly (sessizce)

soft (hafif ) softly (hafifçe)

fast (hızlı) fast (hızlıca,hızlı bir şekilde)

easy (kolay) easily (kolayca)

good (iyi) well (iyi)

quick (hızlı) quickly (çabuk)

Aşağıdaki zarf cümlelerini dikkatlice incleyiniz.

Carefully: “Dikkatlice, dikkatli”

– My father is a carefull driver. He drives carefully.

(Babam dikkatli bir sürücüdür. O dikkatli sürer.)

– Walk carefully! The roads are slippery.

(Dikkatli yürü! Yollar kay-gan. )

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– Walk carefully! The roads are slippery. (Dikkatli yürü! Yollar kaygan.)

Easily: Kolayca

– The exam isn’t difficult. You can do it easily. (Sınav zor değil. Kolayca yapabilirsin.)

– You can go there easily by taking the underground. (Oraya metroyu kullanarak kolayca gidersin.)

Clearly: Açıkça

– You have to explain the situation clearly. (Durumu açıkça izah etmen gerekir.)

Slowly: Yavaşça, yavaş bir şekilde

– Can you speak slowly? I can’t understand you. (Yavaş konuşabilir misin? Seni anlayamıyorum.)

– Write clearly and simply. (Açıkça ve basitçe yaz.)

Fast: Hızlıca, hızlı bir şekilde

– The black hor-se runs fast. I think he will win the race.

(Siyah at hızlı koşar. Bence yarışı o kaza-nacak.)

The black horse runs fast. I think he will win the race.


93

– You speak too fast. I can’t understand you clearly.

(Çok hızlı konuşuyorsun. Seni tam olarak anlayamıyorum.)

Quickly: Çabukça, çabuk bir şekilde

– The children ate their meal quickly.

(Çocuklar yemeklerini çabukça yediler.)

– Walk quickly. We are late.

(Hızlı yürü. Geç kaldık.)

Loudly: Seslice

– Don’t speak loudly in the hospital.

(Hastanede sesli konuşma.)

– Speak a bit loudly. I can’t hear you.

(Biraz sesli konuş. Seni duyamıyorum.)

Calmly: Sakince

– The man behaved calmly after the accident.

(Adam kazadan sonra sakince davrandı.)

– He spoke calmly.

(O sakince konuştu.)

Quietly: Sessizce

– He opened the door quietly and entered.

(O kapıyı sessizce açtı ve içeri girdi.)

– He sits in his chair quietly and reads his newspaper.

(O sessizce sandalyesinde oturur ve gazetesini okur.)

94


Suddenly: Ansızın, birden

– It started to rain suddenly and we got wet.

(Aniden yağmur yağdı ve biz ıslan-dık.)

– Suddenly the teacher got angry and shouted us.

(Öğretmen aniden sinirlendi ve bize bağırdı.)

Well: İyi

– He always behaves well to me.

(O bana her zaman iyi davranır.)

– She sings well.

(O iyi şarkı söyler.)

Kindly: Kibarca, kibar bir şekilde

– The teacher spoke kindly to us.

(Öğretmen bizle kibarca konuştu.)

– The sales manager behaved kindly to us.

(Satış müdürü bize kibar davrandı.)

Unexpectedly: Beklenmedik bir biçimde

– It rained unexpectedly. Everybody got wet.

(Beklenmedik bir şekilde yağmur yağdı. Herkes ıslandı.)


95

– He stood up and shouted unexpectedly.

(Beklenmedik bir şekilde ayağa kalktı ve bağırdı.)

Accurately: Doğru olarak, tam olarak

– Try to answer the questions accurately.

(Sorulara tam olarak cevap vermeye çalış.)

Sincerely: İçtenlikle

– He congradulated me sincerely.

(O beni içtenlikle tebrik etti.)

– He is behaving sincerely to me.

(O bana içten davranıyor.)

Simply: Basitçe, basit bir şekilde

– Can you explain the situation simply?

(Durumu basitçe izah edebilir misin?)

– It is cheap but it is simply made.

(Ucuz fakat basitçe yapılmış.)

10. Aşağıdaki sıfatları “zarf”a çeviriniz.

1. bad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. beautiful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. sincere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. simple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. unexpected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. kind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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8. good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. slow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


1. It started to rain sudden / suddenly.

2. The baby slow / slowly sank into a sleep.

3. He waited for the result patient / patiently.

4. The children are playing in the garden happy / happily.

5. The dog defended its owner brave / bravely and killed the wolf.

6. The secretary works very careful / carefully.

7. I couldn’t understand you clear / clearly.

8. I can’t understand you. Please don’t speak so fast / fastly.

9. I didn’t study hard / hardly for the exam so I failed.

10. He speaks English good / well.

12. Boşluklara, parantez içindeki sıfatları zarfa dönüştürerek yazınız.

1. He spoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (slow).

2. The boss behaved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (aggressive).

3. She acts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (beautifull).

4. We carried the television . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (gentle).

5. You have to wait . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (patient).

6. Our boss speaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (polite).

7. She is a good player. He plays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (good).

8. The teacher looks angry. He is banging the table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (angry).

9. My father is a careful driver. Hedrives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (dangerous).

10. Our car was . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (serious) damaged.


97

UNIT THREE (TEST)

1. The students must finish their homework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) quick B) quikly C) quicker D) slow

2. Behave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to every person.

A) nice B) nicely C) bad D) good

3. Men drive more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than women.

A) dangerous B) danger C) dangerously D) dangered

4. The teacher shouted us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) unexpected B) unexpectedly C) unexpecting D) unexpectingly

5. The young man behaved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and saved the little child from drawning.

A) bold B) bolder C) bolderly D) boldly

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6. He is a very kind man. He behaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to everybody.

A) kindly B) kind C) kinder D) unkind

7. Our teacher explains every topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) clear B) cleary C) clearly D) clean

8. Angela is a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . person. She is very kind.

A) lovely B) love C) lovly D) lovelier

9. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . him before.

A) have see B) haven’t seen C) has see D) hasn’t seen

10. The football match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . started yet.

A) haven’t srarted B) hasn’t started C) have start D) has start


99

11. Ersin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . his leg. He is in hospital now.

A) have broke B) has broke C) has broken D) is break

12. I am a bit nervous because I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in such a difficult situation before.

A) have be B) has been C) haven’t been D) hasn’t been

13. Tom and Tim haven’t finished their homework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) before B) already C) ever D) yet

14. I have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . posted the letters.

A) yet B) ever C) before D) already

15. Have you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eaten Chinese food?

A) ever B) yet C) already D) before

100


16. I have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . finished my meal, mum. Can I go out now?

A) yet B) already C) ever D) before

17. Have you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . seen a kangaroo?

A) before B) ever C) yet D) already

18. I have never been abroad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) before B) ever C) already D) since

19. I haven’t made such a mistake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) never B) before C) already D) ever

20. Have you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eaten sushi?

A) already B) ever C) before D) yet


101

21. The teacher loaked us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) angry B) angrily C) anger D) with angrily

22. The teacher speaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) serious B) seriouser C) more serious D) seriously

23. He is a very kind man. He behaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to everybody.

A) kindly B) kind C) kinder D) unkind

24. Our teacher explains every topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) clear B) cleary C) clearly D) clean

25. The dog fought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and killed the bear.

A) bold B) boldly C) bolder D) bolds

102


BIBLIOGRAPHY

Azar, Betty Schrampfer; Fundamentals is of English Grammer, Second Edition, Pren-tice Hall, New Jersey, 1992.

Swan, Mechael; Practical English Usage, Second Edition, Oxford University Press 1995.

Baygül, İrfan; Sentence Structures in English and Syntax 1, Engin Yayınevi, Ankara 2005.

Baygül, İrfan; Phrasal Verbs, Engin Yayınevi, Ankara 2006.


103

UNIT ONE CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. Ankara is the capital city of Turkey. 2. We had a two days tour in Ankara. 3. We went to the Museum of Anatoli-

an civiliszations. 4. Ankara is located in the Central Ana-

tolia Region. 5. The population of Ankara is nearly 5

million.

2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevap-landırınız.

1. Ankara is the capital city of Turkey. 2. Ankara is located in the Central Ana-

tolia Region. 3. Nearly 5 million people live in Anka-

ra. 4. Yes, it is./Yes, it is near the castle. 5. Linda visited Anıtkabir on her last

day. 6. Linda went to Anatolian Civilisation

Museum on the second day. 7. Yes,she is. / Yes, she is happy in Tur-

key. 8. Yes,she had a great time in Turkey. 9. Yes, many tourist visit Anıtkabir

everyday.10. Yes,it is. / Yes, the Museum of Anato-

lian civilizations is in Ankara.

3. Doğru olan kelimeyi yuvarlak içine alınız.

1. I went to work on food yesterday. 2. I saw him last weekend. 3. Emre wore black. 4. My mother made delicious cakes

some time ago.

5. I got up at 7.00 on Sunday. 6. She didn’t understand me. 7. They closed the shop at 8.00 yester-

day. 8. He spoke fast when he was young. 9. My father left work at 5.00 yesterday.10. I read a book last weekend.

4. Aşağıdaki cümleleri Simple Past Tense çeviriniz.

1. You eat too much. You ate too much. 2. I go to school. I went to school. 3. Lisa sings a song. Lisa sang a song. 4. The baby cries . The baby cried. 5. Who watches the film? Who watched the film? 6. She knows everything. She knew everything. 7. The sun rises at 5.00. The sun rose at 5.00. 8. She takes the dog for a walk. She took the dog for a walk. 9. They buy from here. They bought from here.10. He sleeps very much. He slept very much.

5. Aşağıda verilen sorularla cevapları eşleştiriniz.

1. Last summer we went on holiday to Amasra.

104


2. We stayed in a lovely hotel by the sea.

3. The weather was very good last wee-kend.

4. It snowed all day yesterday. 5. At the weekend, we had breakfast

together. 6. His idea was excellent. 7. After the lunch we walked along the

beach. 8. She didn’t want to go there alone. 9. I saw him yesterday on the street.10. I bought a new car last month.

6. Cümledeki boşlukları parantez için-deki fiillerin Simple Past hâli ile dol-durunuz.

1. Where did you go for your holiday? 2. Did you do your homework? 3. How many exercises did you solve? 4. Where was your father yesterday

evening? 5. My father went abroad two weeks? 6. What did you eat at the breakfast? 7. Did the students play football in the

school garden? 8. Did you taste peanapple? 9. We had a difficult exam yesterday.10. Who did you see at the supermarket

yesterday?

7. Aşağıdaki soruları cevaplandırınız. 1. Where did you go yesterday? I went to the cinema yesterday. 2. Did you do your homework? Yes, I did.

3. What did you do before you went to bed?

I brushed my teeth. 4. How many sandwiches did you eat? I ate three sandwiches. 5. What time did you go to sleep yes-

terday? I went to sleep at ten o’clock. 6. Did it rain at the weekend? No, it didn’t. 7. Who did you go to the cinema

with?(my friend) I went to the cinema with my friend. 8. Who didn’t you see last weekend? I saw my primary school teacher. 9. When were you born? I was born in 1999.10. What did you do when you saw the

dog? I began to run.

8. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. Do you dream at nights? 2. What do you do at the weekends? 3. I lived in Germany in 1980. 4. I hate shopping on Saturdays. 5. I usually study at nights. 6. I passed my driving test in June. 7. We will meet at six o’clock. 8. Erzurum is very cold in winter. 9. I don’t go out on Sundays.10. I usually go shopping in the afterno-

ons.


105

9. Boşlukları “in, on, at” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. People go to Palandöken for skiing in winter.

2. We will go for a walk in the afterno-on.

3. My appointment with the dentist is on Friday.

4. The train leaves at six o’ clock. 5. What about meeting at 7 o’clock? 6. Emre was born in May. 7. My brother went to Germany in

2001. 8. She will give it back in the evening. 9. He will begin his new job on Septem-

ber 5th. 10. Ayşe doesn’t get up early in the mor-

ning.

10. Boşluklara, parantez içinde verilen edatlardan uygun olanını yerleştiri-niz.

1. I am waiting at the bus stop now. 2. The post office is between the books-

tore and the chemist. 3. He is hiding behind the door. 4. Our house is opposite the supermar-

ket. 5. We live near the train station. 6. The cat is under the table. 7. The post office is next to the super-

market. 8. The vase is on the table. 9. The children are playing in the park.10. They are waiting at the train station.

TEST 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A

106


UNIT TWO CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. By eating healthy food you’ll loose

weight. 2. We are just going to eat healthy. 3. The people who are already on diet

should also listen to our advise. 4. We should eat more fruit and vege-

table. 5. Dried fruits are more healthier than

chocolate.

2. Aşağıdaki soruları okuma parçası-na göre cevaplandırınız.

1. Eating healhty ford means having a healthy life.

2. We will loose weight, we will keep fit, we will have a healthy life.

3. Yes, we should eat more vegetables and fruits.

4. Yes, It does/Yes, water helps to re-new our cells.

5. We shouldn’t eat chips, biscuits and chocolate.

6. No, it can’t./ No the digestive system can’t digest the the food before two hours.

7. Yes,it is./Yes, water is good for our health.

8. We should drink at least two litres of water everyday.

9. Yes, it is./Yes dried food is healthier than chocolate.

10. Yes, we should./ Yes, we should away from flour, oil and sugar.

3. Aşağıdaki sıfatların “comparative” ve “superlative” şekillerini yazınız.

adjective comparative superlative 1. big bigger the biggest 2. old older the oldest 3. expensive more expensive the most expensive 4. good better the best 5. young younger the youngest

6. interesting more interesting the most interes-ting

7. little less the least 8. cheap cheaper the cheapest 9. far farther the farthest10. slow slower the slowest

4. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. A dog is bigger than a rabbit . 2. It was cold at the weekend but to-

day the weather is better. 3. I think maths is more difficult than

English . 4. In Kuwait water is more expensive

than petrol. 5. Emre is 8 and Ayşe is 13, Emre is yo-

unger than Kim. 6. Can you speak a bit louder please, I

can’t hear you. 7. My bicycle is bigger than your bicy-

cle. 8. The Grand Hotel is more expensive

than the King hotel. 9. I feel better than yesterday. 10. My brother is taller than me.


107

5. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. Linda is the most intelligent girl in the

school. 2. My father is the oldest member of our

family. 3. Büyükada is is the most interesting is-

land I have ever visited. 4. This car is the most expensive car in

the world. 5. Whale is the biggest animal in the

world. 6. Michael is the youngest worker in the

factory. 7. Antalya is the hottest city in Turkey. 8. Greenland is the largest island in the

world. 9. A tortoise is the slowest animal.10. Antarctica is the coldest continent in

the world.

6. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki sıfat-ların “comparative” şekli ile doldu-runuz.

1. A car is more expensive than a mo-torbike.

2. This armchair is more comfortable than the others.

3. Yozgat is smaller than Kırıkkale. 4. Ayla is fatter than Leyla. 5. My room is cleaner than my sister’s

room. 6. Apples are healthier than chips. 7. Motorbikes are faster than bikes. 8. A lion is heavier than a dog. 9. Winter is colder than Autumn.10. Ali is taller than Ahmet.

7. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki sıfat-ların “superlative” şekli ile dolduru-nuz.

1. Pelin is the the tallest of the three children.

2. Geography is the most interesting les-son .

3. Anaconda is the the most poisonous snake in the world.

4. Banana is the sweetest fruit for me. 5. Erzurum is the coldest city in Turkey. 6. Health is the most important thing in

the world. 7. A turtoise is the slowest walking ani-

mal . 8. Winter is the coldest season. 9. Mount Agrı is the highest mountain

in Turkey.10. Kızılırmak is the the longest river in

Turkey.

8. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. He can swim well. He is a good swim-

mer.can 2. He always makes accidents. He can’t

drive well. 3. May I borrow your pen? 4. You mustn’t park your car here. It is

forbidden. 5. It may snow.It is freezing cold. 6. You are tired you should have a rest. 7. I could swim when I was a child. 8. Would you close the window? It is

very cold. 9. You mustn’t pick up the flowers. It is

forbidden. 10. You are overweight .You shouldn’t

eat much.

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9. Boşluklara uygun olan kelimeyi ge-tiriniz.

1. When I was young.I could run very fast.

2. I have a terrible toothace. I think I should take a painkiller.

3. You mustn’t speak loudly in the lib-rary.

4. You have no money. You can’t buy that jacket.

5. It is very hot in here .You should turn off the heating.

6. I lost my keys in the dark and I couldn’t find it.

7. I can speak English, German and Ara-bic.

8. I think we are lost. We must call for help.

9. Parents should take care of their children.

10. Would like to have a cup of coffee?

10. Boşlukları “should, must, could, mustn’t, can, can’t” ile doldurunuz.

1. You must wait when the light is red. 2. You mustn’t/can’t cross when the

light is red. 3. He is very tired. He should have a

rest. 4. I could run very fast when I was yo-

ung. I was a good runner. 5. Excuse me sir! May I come in? 6. Would you like to have a cup of tea? 7. I can ride a horse, but I can’t ride a

bike. 8. He is too short. He can’t reach the se-

eling.

9. Could/Can you help me to carry the box. It is too heavy.

10. You should see a doctor. You look pale.

TEST 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. B 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B


109

UNIT THREE CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. Parçaya göre doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.

1. People wake up early on the Rama-dan feast.

2. Everybody goes to the mosque on the feast.

3. People prefered to go on holiday nowadays.

4. Children collec candies during the feast.

5. People buy new clothes for the feast.

2. Aşağıdaki soruları parçaya göre cevaplandırınız.

1. Yes, they are. / Yes, they are going to wake up early in the morning in the first day of the Ramadan feast.

2. They go to the mosque. 3. Yes, they are. / Yes they are going to

make a big breakfast. 4. They go on holiday. 5. Yes, they do. Yes, people put on new

clothes for the feast. 6. Because same people go on holiday. 7. Yes, he is. / Yes, he is going to collect

candies from neighbours. 8. Yes, they are. / Yes they are going to

visit their relatives. 9. Yes, they do. / Yes everybody cong-

ratulates each others feast in the mosque.

10. Yes, it does. / Yes, Ramadan has a dif-ferent meaning in İstanbul?

3. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. I have seen that movie. 2. He has paid his income tax. 3. The teacer has explained the Gravity

Theory. 4. I have studied my lessons. 5. I have had this motorbike for a long

time. 6. Ali hasn’t drunk anything since this

morning. 7. Remzi and I haven’t seen each other

since the May. 8. I have finished doing my homework. 9. I have worn my new jacket.10. He has already called. 4. Boşlukları “have” ya da “has” ile

doldurunuz. 1. Our football team has won the

match. 2. She has worked in the same com-

pany for eight years. 3. They have just gone out. 4. Have you ever been to England? 5. I have decided to learn Chinese. 6. We have had our dinner. 7. Has the post arrived yet? 8. We have known each other for a

long time. 9. I have studied for the exam.10. Have you finished your homework

yet?

110


5. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki fiille-rin uygun hâlleri ile doldurunuz.

1. We haven’t done our homework yet. 2. The baby has already drank his milk. 3. I have been there before. 4. She hasn’t eaten. banana before. 5. My mother has cooked delicious

meal. 6. We have missed the bus. 7. I have eaten too much. 8. Ali has gone to Germany. 9. I can’t run. I have hurt my leg.10. People have travelled to the moon.

6. Boşlukları, parantez içindeki fiille-rin uygun hâlleri ile doldurunuz.

1. Has your friend helped you with your homework?

2. Have you lived in Africa long? 3. Have you ridden a horse before? 4. What has he done? 5. Have you fed the animals yet? 6. Who has broken that window? 7. Has your father travelled to France? 8. Why haven’t you drunk your milk? 9. Have you gone to the supermarket

yet?10. What have you bought for me?

7. Boşluklara “yet” ,“already” ya da “before” getiriniz.

1. We have already had our diner. 2. I haven’t done my homework yet. 3. Have you fed the chickens yet? 4. I want to go out, but I haven’t finis-

hed my homework yet. 5. I can’t eat anything more. I have just/

already eaten 3 sandwiches.

6. I haven’t seen such a beautiful scene before. Look it’s unbelievable.

7. He has already finished his work. 8. Have you seen the new film yet? 9. Don’t worry, I have already changed

the flat tyre.10. I haven’t seen the pyramids yet. Look!

They are fantastic.

8. Doğru olan seçeneği işsretleyiniz. 1. I haven’t seen that film before. 2. Have you ever eaten avakado? 3. I haven’t played soccer before. 4. Why hanen’t you posted the letters

yet? 5. Have you ever seen a famous per-

son? 6. Has your father finished painting the

house yet. 7. We haven’t visited the museum yet. 8. Has the train arrived to the station

yet? 9. Have the children done their home-

work yet?10. Have you been there before?

9. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri kullanarak cümleler kurunuz.

1. She hasn’t finished her homework yet.

2. The tourists have already been to Atakule.

3. Has the bus arrived yet? 4. I have already watched that film. 5. Have you cleaned you room yet? 6. I haven’t seen a gorilla before. 7. I have been to İstanbul. 8. James hasn’t finished his homework

yet. 9. I haven’t seen him for a long time.


111

10. I haven’t received any messages from him.

10. Aşağıdaki sıfatları “zarf”a çeviriniz. 1. badly 2. beautifully 3. quickly 4. sincerely 5. simply 6. unexpectedly 7. kindly 8. well 9. slowly 10. fast 11. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. It started to rain suddenly. 2. The baby slowly sank into a sleep. 3. He waited for the result patiently. 4. The children are playing in the gar-

den happily. 5. The dog defended its owner bravely

and killed the wolf. 6. The secretary works very carefully. 7. I couldn’t understand you clearly. 8. I can’t understand you. Please don’t

speak so fast. 9. I didn’t study hard for the exam so I

failed. 10. He speaks English well. 12. Boşluklara, parantez içindeki sıfat-

ları zarfa dönüştürerek yazınız. 1. He spoke slowly.2.The boss behaveda aggressively.3.She acts beautifully.

4. We carried the television gently.5.You have to wait patiently.6. Our boss speaks politely.7.She is a good player. He plays well.8.The teacher looks angry. He is banging

the table angrily.9. My father is a careful driver. He drives

dangerously.10. Our car was seriously damaged.

TEST 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B

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İNGİLİZCE 4 - aok.meb.gov.traok.meb.gov.tr/pdf/ingilizce_4.pdf · İngİlİzce 4 ankara 2017 ders notu yazarlar komİsyon t.c. mİllÎ eĞİtİm bakanliĞi aÇik ÖĞretİm okullari