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Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL „Postharvest technology and marketing of fresh fruits“
INFORMATION PACKAGE FOR STUDENTS
Please read this document carefully
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
Dear students, You are invited to apply for participation on the International Summer School „Postharvest technology and marketing of fresh fruits“. Summer school will be held on English language. Each student will be awarded with 8 ECTS credits and Certificate of completion upon finishing the programme. WHERE: Korca, Albania HOST INSTITUTION: University of Korca, Faculty of Agriculture, Address: “Bulevardi Rilindasit” 7001, Korça, Albania WHEN: 5-16 September, 2016 NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS: One student per each TEMPUS LIFEADA partner institution. List of partner institutions: http://lifeada.agr.hr/partners
CRITERIA: Graduate or Postgraduate level, English language minimum B2. APPLICATION FORM [You are kindly asked to apply using Google Chrome]
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1jwA0U6HfF5t8xj2aCEPQ9u2k5B9OjB1VfeSA3VAGk-Q/viewform?c=0&w=1
APPLICATION DEADLINE: June 25, 2016
SUMMER SCHOOL COSTS: NO COSTS for students coming from partner institutions within TEMPUS LIFEADA project. Each student will receive scholarship up to 1.000,00 EUR for covering the costs of stay/daily allowance.
Travel costs will be covered by the University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture-LifeADA. Contact TEMPUSPROJECT coordinator for travel arrangements via e-mail [email protected] or contact responsible persons at your home institution for help (see list below):
List of contact persons at Partner Institutions: HR - PFOS: Sonja Maric - [email protected] and Daniel Haman - [email protected] AL - AUT: Perparim Laze - [email protected] and Denis Cela - [email protected] AL – FanS. Noli: Ilir Nicko - [email protected] BiH - APTF: Zrinka Knezovic - [email protected] and Ana Mandić - [email protected] BiH - PPFS: Nedžad Karić - [email protected] and Arnela Okic - [email protected] RKS - UNIPR: Fadil Musa - [email protected] and Bedri Dragusha - [email protected] MNE - BTF: Nedeljko Latinović - [email protected] and Nataša Mirecki - [email protected] SI - BF: Marija Klopčič - [email protected] AU - BOKU: Marija Zunabovic Pichler - [email protected] DE - UHOH: Angelika Thomas - [email protected] and Tetyana Tonkoshkur - [email protected]
ACCOMODATION: You are free to find accommodation in private arrangement.We recommend accommodation in Hotel "Regency" located in City Centre. The price have to renegotiate. For all additional information please go to: FOR BOOKINIG: https://www.tripadvisor.com/Hotel_Review-g318868-d678119-Reviews-Regency_Hotel_Albania-Korce_Korce_County.html
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL „Postharvest technology and marketing of fresh fruits“
VENUE
The International Summer School „ Postharvest technology and marketing of fresh fruits“ is hosted by the University of KORCA, Faculty of Agriculture. Address: “Bulevardi Rilindasit” 7001, Korça, Albania URL HR: http://www.unkorce.edu.al/en
Practical information, emergency numbers Emergency: 425-55 Police: 129 or 425-00 Fire department: 128 or 420-18 Water department: 430-72 Energy: 425-42 Post-office: 124 or 425-83 Taxi: 44444
Welcome to Korça Geographical Position The Korça District is situated in south-eastern Albania, in the Central Mountainous Region. It encompasses three cities and towns: Korça, centre of the District, Bilisht and Maliq, as well as 27 communes. The City of Korça is one of the main cities in Albania. Located in south-eastern Albania, it lies at the foot of the Morava Mountain, at 869 metres above sea-level. The mountains have an average height of 1145 metres. The region of Korça is surrounded
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
by a considerable number of hills and mountains. To the east, the city is bordered by the Morava Mountains, and to the west, by the area of Gora, Voskopoja and Vithkuq, which are home to the highest mountains. The QarrMountain is found to the south of the city, and Mali iThatë (Dry Mountain) north of it. The lowland area includes the Korça Plain, one of the biggest in Albania, and the Upper Devoll Plain. The Korça area is rich in underground sources, and rivers, with the Devoll River, branching off into the tributaries of Dunavec and Upper Osum, which is the most important one. The sources of three rivers in Albania (Devoll, Shkumbin and Osum) are found in this area. The lakes include Prespa e Madhe (Prespa Major) and Prespa e Vogël (Prespa Minor). North of Korça by 41 km is the town of Pogradec; 45 km to the south is the town of Erseka; 27 km to the east is Bilisht; and to the west is the town of Skrapar. The capital city of Tirana is 181 km away. Weather and Dressing Korça has a Mediterranean mountainous climate and a partly continental climate, with cold winter, and hot and dry summer. The average annual temperature reaches 10.6º C. January is the coldest month, and August is the hottest month. The heaviest rainfall is registered in November (around 104 mm), with average annual rainfall being 720 mm. It is swept by a number of local winds, including the Voskopojarja (wind originates in the south-west), Morava (wind originates on the Morava Mountain), and Devollka (wind originates in Devoll). In summer, bring along light clothing, as the summer is hot and dry. HOW TO REACH KORÇA By Air You may reach Korça through Rinas Airport (30 km away from Tirana), and, then, drive along the Tirana-Elbasan-Librazhd-Pogradec-Korça road. Distances you must be aware of are as follows: Rinas-Korça 185 km, Tirana-Korça 165 km. You may choose to reach Korça from neighbouring Greece through the Kostur Airport or the Thessaloniki Airport. The distance between Korça and Kostur is 70 km, and between Korça and Thessaloniki is 270 km. By Sea You may travel by sea to reach Korça, in which case you will have to go through the Durrës Sea-port, and, then, drive along the Durrës-Kavaja-Rrogozhinë-Elbasan-Librazhd-Pogradec-Korça road. Distance: Durrës-Korça 209 km. If you travel by sea, you may also reach Korça through the Vlora Sea-port, and, then, drive along the Vlora-Fier-Lushnje-Elbasan-Librazhd-Pogradec-Korça road. Distance: Vlora-Korça 250 km. By Driving Your Own Car - If you travel from Northern Albania and the Capital city Tirana, you will have to drive through Elbasan, and then, along the Librazhd-Pogradec-Korça national road. Distances that you should be aware of are as follows: Shkodra-Korça 292 km, Tirana-Korça 165 km, Elbasan-Korça 127 km, Librazhd-Korça 103 km, Pogradec-Korça 41 km. - If you enter Albania from Greece, you will go through the Kapshtica border check-point, and if you are driving from Macedonia, you will have to go through the Tushemisht customs, the Thana Pass customs, or the Gorica
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
customs. Do mind the following distances: Kapshtica-Korça 37 km, Tushemisht-Korça 49 km, Thana Pass-Korça 57 km, Ohrid-Korça 70 km, Thessaloniki-Korça 270 km, Skopje-Korça 280 km. - If you travel from Saranda, in the south, you will drive along the Saranda-Gjirokastra-Tepelena-Ballsh-Fier-Lushnje-Elbasan-Librazhd-Pogradec-Korça road and the more scenic route from Saranda-Gjirokastra-Permet-Leskovik-Erseke-Korça. Distances to know include: Saranda-Korça 247 km, Gjirokastra-Korça 195 km, Fier-Korça 217 km. By Using Public Transportation You may reach Korça by means of public transportation, including buses and furgon. They cover the distance to and from Korça all day long. Korça runs regular drives to the cities of Tirana, Elbasan, Durrës and Pogradec. The bus fare from Tirana to Korça is 500 lekë [around 3.7 euros], and the minivan fare is 800lekë [around 5.8 euros]. Buses and minivans bound to Korça depart from the Qemal Stafa Stadium, in Tirana. Buses bound to Tirana depart from the former Knitwear Factory/Bus Station, and minivans depart from the Agjencia (Ticket Agency), in Korça. Buses bound to Korça depart from the Train Station, in Durrës.
As soon as you arrive in Tirana, the only international Airport of Albania, by plane [or other means], you have to get a bus which is available from 7.00 to 19.00 and cost 1.7 euros or a taxi which cost around 15-18 euros to get From Airport to the center of Tirana or the station of the buses or Furgons travelling to Korca. By bus Tirana- korca kost 500 ALL or 3.7 euros, while by furgons it cost 800 ALL or 5.72 euros. For more details you may see the URL https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Korce
Pay Attention! If you manage to come in Tirana from 13.30-15.00 via Austrian airline, Adria air, and /or Serbian air a CONTACT PERSON [Jurgen Dervishi] will guide you to Korca. They have flights to Tirana in this time!!! After, you have to travel about 4 hours by bus or minivan. Changing currency: An ATM is outside international arrivals. 1 euro is equal around 140 ALL. http://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=EUR&To=ALL Taxi You can find taxis in front of all major hotels, and bus stations and at numerous other central locations. You can also order taxi online [In front of airport gate, or ask to the receptionist of hotel]. Arrival at Faculty of Agriculture From regency hotel the Agriculture Faculty is just 12 min onfoot. It is just two bus station far away from the Regency hotel. On the first day someone will pick you up at the Hostel. You will receive additional information by e-mail.
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Hotel+Regency+Albania,+Rruga+Ismail+Qemali+7,+Korçë+7001,+Albania/Fan+S.+Noli+University,+Bulevardi+Rilindasit+11,+Korçë,+Albania/@40.622384,20.7726599,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x135a0a422ec4f6d9:0xa32f3ecea7b73e0b!2m2!1d20.7772373!2d40.617348!1m5!1m1!1s0x135a0a0d60e0c483:0xeef669129c702b6e!2m2!1d20.7854247!2d40.6274667 City of Korçë Information on the city of Korca https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korçë. Entry in Albania Passport, ID card or some other internationally recognized identification document which proves your identity and citizenship, issued by governmental authorities of your home or resident country is required to entry in the Republic of Albania. Tourists may remain in Albania for up to 90 days without visa. Visas A foreign citizen is required to get a visa before entering the Republic of Albania, in accordance with the visa system prescribed by the Albanian government. Visas are normally issued by the diplomatic mission or the consular office of the Republic of Albania. For your case you may see Visa requirements policy overview: https://albania.visahq.com Currency: Official Albanian currency is the Albanian lek. Nominal values are 1, 10, 20, 50, 100, lek coins,; and 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 lek banknotes.
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
Currency regulations: Foreign currencies can be imported and exported freely. Foreign currencies can be exchanged at banks, exchange offices, post offices and at most tourist agencies and hotels. Time zone: Central-European time GMT + one hour (during summer: GMT + two hours). Climate and Weather: Continental climate (average summer temperature: 20° C; average winter temperature: 1° C) Weather forecast Meteorological and Hydrological Service (http://www.accuweather.com/en/al/korce/4534/weather-forecast/4534) http://www.yr.no/place/Albania/Korçë/Korçë/ Electricity: Voltage of city power grid – 220V, frequency 50HZ Water: Tap water is potable throughout Korca. Albanian- English online dictionary http://www.argjiro.net/fjalor/
International summer school In University of Korca, Albania POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY AND MARKETING OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS
Program
Day Date Time Title of the lecture Lecturer
Day 1
05.09.2016
09.00-10.00 Dean , welcome speech Dean
Summer school coordinator speech Ilir Niçko
10.00-11.00 The importance of agricultural and food marketing to developing countries.
Aldona Minga
11- 12.00
12-13.30 Lunch Break
13.30- 15.30 Marketing of agricultural products Ardian Çërava
Day 2 06.09.2016 09.00-10.00 The adoption process for agricultural products Aldona Minga 10.00-11.00
11.00-12.00 Branding of local products Ardian Çërava
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break Ardian Çërava
13.30-14.30 Branding of local products
14.30-15.30
Day 3
07.09.2016
09.00-10.00 The effect of products characteristics on the rate of adoption
Aldona Minga
10.00-11.00
11.00-12.00 Branding of products with place of origin Ardian Çërava
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break Ardian Çërava
13.30-14.30 Branding of products with place of origin
14.30-15.30 Branding of products with place of origin Ardian Çërava
Day 4 08.09.2016 09.00-10.00 The problems of marketing caused by the variability.
Aldona Minga
10.00-11.00
11.00-12.00 Managing of value chain of agricultural products Ardian Çërava
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break
13.30-14.30 Managing of value chain of agricultural products Ardian Çërava
14.30-15.30 Managing of value chain of agricultural products Ardian Çërava
Day 5
09.06.2016
09.00-10.00 Managing of value chain of agricultural products Ardian Çërava
10.00-11.00 Managing of value chain of agricultural products
11.00-12.00 Case studies for logistics for post harvest of apple productions
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break Ardian Çërava
13.30-14.30 Case studies for logistics for post harvest of apple productions
14.30-15.30 Case studies for logistics for post harvest of apple productions
Day 6 12.09.2016 09.00-10.00 - The origin of the post-harvest technology Ilir Niçko
10.00-11.00 - Fruits and vegetables, their diversity
11.00-12.00 - Biology and biochemistry of fruits and vegetables.
Kristaq Teneqexhi
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break
13.30-14.30 - Biology and biochemistry of fruits and vegetables.
Kristaq Teneqexhi
14.30-15.30 - Stresses in the post-harvest products Ilir Niçko
Day 7 13.09.2016 09.00-10.00 The environmental factors that influence the deterioration of fruits and vegetables
Kristaq Teneqexhi
10.00-11.00 • The pre harvest factors that influence the quality of fresh products
Kristaq Teneqexhi
11.00-12.00 - Ethylene, biology and its importance in the post-harvest technology
Kristaq Teneqexhi
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break Kristaq Teneqexhi
13.30-14.30 -Commercial Norms for fresh fruit and vegetables
Ilir Nicko
14.30-15.30 -Commercial Norms for fresh fruit and vegetables
Day 8 14.09.2016 09.00-10.00 - Indicators of maturing and ripening Kristaq Teneqexhi
10.00-11.00 - Cooling commodities, cooling -chain of fresh Kristaq Teneqexhi
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
fruits and vegetables, technical problems, alternative sources of cooling
11.00-12.00 - Cooling commodities, cooling -chain of fresh fruits and vegetables, technical problems, alternative sources of cooling
Kristaq Teneqexhi
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break
13.30-16.30 Determination of dry matter; Determining titrable acidity; Determination of moisture in fruit and vegetables Determining the hardness of fruits and vegetables through penetrometer. Measuring the number of formol; Iodine test, measurement of vitamin C
Arben Gjata
Day 9 15.09.2016 09.00-10.00 Modified-atmosphere and controlled atmosphere am-ak, their role in the physiology of fresh fruits and vegetables
Ilir Niçko
10.00-11.00 Preparation of products for market Ilir nicko
11.00-12.00 Consumer demands on product quality and safety
Kristaq Teneqexhi
12.00-13.30 Lunch Break
13.30-14.30 Standardization of product-quality measurements for standardization
14.30-15.30 -Application storage technology of fruits and vegetables, qualitative aspects - case studies: tomatoes, cucumber apples, citrus
Ilir nicko
Day 10
16.09.2016 09.30-12.30 Control test
19. 00 - 21.00 Certificate award
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
LECTURE SUMMARY
Teacher
The importance of agricultural and food marketing to developing countries.
Aldona Minga
The importance of agricultural and food marketing to developing countries The marketing concept and marketing systems, Marketing functions, Links between agriculture and the food industry, Agricultural and food marketing enterprises, Marketing boards in developing countries The adoption process for agricultural products
Aldona Minga
The adoption process for agricultural products include The impetus to innovation, The new product development process, The adoption process, The effect of products characteristics on the rate of adoption
Marketing of agricultural products
Ardian Çërava
Students will learn about concepts of agricultural marketing which plays an important role not only in stimulating production and consumption, but in accelerating the pace of economic development. The agriculture marketing system plays a dual role in economic development in countries whose resources are primarily agricultural. Increasing demands for money with which to purchase other goods leads to increasing sensitivity to relative prices on the part of the producers, and specialization in the cultivation of those crops on which the returns are the greatest, subject to socio-cultural, ecological and economic constraints. It is the marketing system that transmits the crucial price signals. The effect of products characteristics on the rate of adoption
Aldona Minga
Market Liberalization, Economic structural adjustment programs, Macro-economic stabilization, The role of the state in liberalized markets , Strategies for reforming agricultural marketing parastatals, Obstacles to be overcome in commercialization and Privatization of agricultural marketing parastatals, Dealing with accumulated deficits The problems of marketing caused by the variability.
Aldona Minga
The problems of marketing caused by the variability, Introduction, The possible solution to the problems of variability, The variability, Standardization Branding of local products
Ardian Çërava
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
Branding of local products A valuable technique to enhance the sale of locally-produced goods to tourists is to ‘brand’ them under a local or regional theme. The brand is a way of addressing quality issues, coordinated marketing, product development and product recognition, students will learn different techniques in branding of local products. Branding of products with place of origin
Ardian Çërava
Country branding means much more than adding a “Made in…” label to a product. A product’s country of origin constitutes an important piece of branding that, in many cases, can be so influential it overtakes the brand’s other reputation builders. Student will learn different methods and rules for labeling products with place of origin. Managing of value chain of agricultural products
Ardian Çërava
Value chains are organized linkages between groups of producers, traders, processors, and service providers (including nongovernment organizations) that join together to improve productivity and the value added from their activities. In a well managed value chain, the value of the end-product is often greater than the sum of individual value additions. By joining together, the participants in a value chain increase competitiveness and are better able to maintain competitiveness through innovation. The limitations of each single participant in the chain are overcome by establishing synergies and governance rules aimed at producing higher value. The main advantages to commercial stakeholders from being part of an effective value chain comprise being able to reduce the cost of doing business; increase revenues; increase bargaining power; improve access to technology, information, and capital; and, by doing so, innovate production and marketing processes to gain higher value and provide higher quality to customers. Case studies for logistics for post harvest of apple productions
Ardian Çërava
Case studies for logistics for post harvest of apple productions Students will learn a typical case study about apple production in the region of Korca. The will participate as well as have on hand information about the apple industry in the Korca Region as well as create their own logistics system for taking the product from the fields to the processors. - The origin of the post-harvest technology
Ilir Niçko
Origin of technology after harvesting of fresh produce, causes of losses after collection and size of the problem, the origins of post-harvest technology, definitions of harvesting, post-harvest, loss, post-harvest loses, factors that cause post-harvest loses, non-technical factors affecting post-harvest loses, reducing post-harvest loses, pre- harvest treatments, harvesting and processing field, "treatment"
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
and the time of harvest, the size of the post-harvest losses - Fruits and vegetables, their diversity
Ilir Niçko
Fruits and vegetables their diversity, definition of fruits and vegetables, morphological characteristics of fruit and vegetables, the chemical composition and nutritional value of fresh fruits and vegetables, Metabolic changes of the post-harvest - Biology and biochemistry of fruits and vegetables.
Kristaq Teneqexhi
Losses in quality can affect horticultural crops between harvest and consumption. The magnitude of
postharvest losses in fresh fruits and vegetables is estimated from 5 to 25% in development countries
and 20 – 50% in developing countries, depending upon the commodity cultivar and handling
conditions. To reduce these losses, producers and handlers must first understand the biological and
environmental factors involved in deterioration and second, use postharvest techniques that delay
senescence and maintain the best possible quality. Fresh fruits, vegetable and ornamentals are living
tissues that are subject, to continuous change after harvest. Which some changes are desirable, most
from the consumer’s stand point are not. Postharvest changes in fresh produce cannot be stopped, but
they can be slowed within certain limits. Senescence in the final stage in the development of plant
organs, during which a series of invertible events leads to break down and death of plant cells. - Stresses in the post-harvest products
Ilir Niçko
Stresses in post-harvest products, the nature of stress about the article, stresses caused by temperature, high temperatures, cooling in low temperatures, freezing temperatures, water stress, stresses caused by the composition of atmospheric gaseous, stresses caused by the concentration of O2, CO2, C2H4, stresses caused by radiation, chemical factors, mechanical factors, pathogens, and by geotropic factor The environmental factors that influence on the deterioration of fruits and vegetables
Kristaq Teneqexhi
Pre-harvest factors in produce marketing, market factor for the produce, Influence of productive practices, deterioration mechanical damage etc
The pre harvest factors that influence the quality of fresh products
Kristaq Teneqexhi
Although fruit or vegetable quality can only be maintained not improved, after harvest, little research
has been conducted on the influence of pre-harvest factors on postharvest quality of fruits other than
citrus and pome fruits. Because vegetables are typically produced during short growing seasons with
intensive inputs, the role of pre-harvest factors on vegetable quality and potential postharvest life has
been studied in more detail. In general, pre-harvest factors that can be managed should be aimed to
optimize their impact on postharvest quality. Pre-harvest factors often interact in complex ways that
depend on specific cultivar characteristics and growth on development stage sensitives. The
tremendous diversity of fruits and vegetables that are produced commercially and the general lack of
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
research relating pre-harvest factors to postharvest quality precludes generalizations about pre-harvest
influences that uniformly apply to all fruits and vegetables.
Ethylene, biology and its importance in the post-harvest technology
Kristaq Teneqexhi
Ethylene’s role as a potent plant growth regulator, affecting many phases of plant growth and
development, was established only in the last 100 years, but is effects have been known for centuries.
The use of ethylene influence the ripening of fruits dates to antiquity. Example include the ripening of
sorb apples in Southern Italy in an atmosphere created by burning straw. Ethylene plays a role in the
postharvest life of many horticultural crops – often deleterious, speeding senescence and reducing shelf
– live and sometimes beneficial, improving the quality of the product by promoting faster, more
uniform ripening before retail distribution. The ethylene stimulates: germination of some dormant
seeds, changes the direction of seedling growth, stimulates growth of special aerating roots, may
stimulate flowering etc.
Indicators of maturing and ripening
Kristaq Teneqexhi
The first step in the postharvest life of the product is the moment of harvest. For most fresh produce,
harvest is manual so the picker is responsible for deciding whether the produce has reached the correct
maturity for harvest. The maturity of harvested perishable commodities has an important role on their
storage life and quality and may affect the way they are handled, transported and marketed. In
postharvest physiology we consider mature and ripe to be distinguished farms for different stages of
fruit development. Mature is best defined by having completed natural growth and development.
Horticultural maturity is the stage of development at which a plant or plant post possesses the
prerequisites for use by consumers for a particular purpose.
Commercial Norms for fresh fruit and vegetables.
Ilir Niçko
Commercial norms for the fresh fruit and vegetables, implementation and validity of commercial
norms, minimum properties, evaluation criteria of quality fresh products, the criteria of classes,
packaging design, label design and its elements.
Cooling commodities, cooling -chain of fresh fruits and vegetables, technical problems, alternative sources of cooling
Kristaq Teneqexhi
Controlling product temperature are reducing the amount of time that product is a less then – optimal
temperature are the most important methods of slowing quality loss in perishables. Some products are
so sensitive to temperature abuse that they should be harvest when temperature are too warm. Initial
cooling of horticultural products to near their optimal storage temperature can be done with several
cooling methods, including room cooling, forced – air cooling, hydro-cooling, package icing and
vacuum cooling. A few cooling methods as: room cooling, forced – air cooling and hydro-cooling are
used with a wide range of commodities.
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
Selection of cooling method, factors affecting the selection of cooling method
Ilir Niçko
The choice of cooling method, The cost of using cooling systems, Evaluation of cooling capacity Effective management of a cooler, Psichrometric diagram and maintenance items, The effect of variables at the time of storage psichrometric, Injuries from low temperatures and freezing temperatures Modified-atmosphere and controlled atmosphere am-ak, their role in the physiology of fresh fruits and vegetables
Ilir Niçko
Modified atmosphere and controlled atmosphere, their role in physiology of fruits and vegetables, developing storage techniques with CA and am. saving with controlled atmosphere (ca) and modified (am), ca effects on the physiology of fruit and vegetables ca effects on ethylene biosynthesis, the construction of facilities that use ca and am, conservation techniques with controlled atmosphere fruit and vegetables, factors designing storage environments with controlled atmosphere fruit and vegetables, control systems, o2 control systems, automation of measurements of the composition of gaseous, recommended conditions for storage of fresh fruits and vegetables with MA and CA Preparation of products for market
Ilir Niçko
Department of packaging, design department of packaging functions, box packaging reception, removing, waste cutting, categorization, special functions, selection, wax, coloring (adding color) control of ripening treatment temperature, suppression of offshoots, handling gases before categories packaging storage Consumer demands on product quality and safety
Kristaq Teneqexhi
Quality components, nutrition, safety, organic, food, biotechnology, food, irradiation, making product-
buying decisions.
Standardization of product-quality measurements for standardization.
Ilir Niçko
Vegetable quality assessment, quality standards for standardization of quality measurements, standardization of quality measurements,. Methods of assessing quality of fresh products. Application storage technology of fruits and vegetables, qualitative aspects
Ilir Niçko
application of the quality standards, post-harvest technology, case studies. application of quality standards the overall scheme of post-harvest technology for tomatoes, onion, carrot cucumber manual grading and packaging of potato, flowers post-harvest technologies, standardization, calibration, manufacturing, packaging, materials used, codes and classification of flowers by quality factors affecting post-harvest time ways and methods of conservation of fresh flowers, potted flowers and
Funded by the European Union
Lifelong learning for sustainable agriculture in Alps-Danube-Adriatic Region – LifeADA is a TEMPUS IV project funded with the support of the European Union. Project Number –
544595 – TEMPUS – 1 – 2013 – 1 – HR – TEMPUS – JPHES.
dried flowers post-harvest technology of fruits and vegetables, the qualitative aspects - case studies. Storage of underground-bulb vegetables, tubers, etc. rhizome-onions. Postharvest technology of citrus fruits, orange, lemons, tangerine etc
List of teachers with contacts
Academic Staff: Nr Teacher Cel E mail
1 Prof. Dr. Kristaq Teneqexhi
00355696372701 [email protected]
2 Prof.as. Dr. Ilir Nicko
00355692700221 [email protected]
3 Msc. Ardian Çërava, Phd student
00355694319772 [email protected]
4 Msc. Aldona Minga, Phd student 00355692179895 [email protected]
Coordinator of the course 1. The coordinator of the course will be Asc.Prof. Dr. Ilir Niçko the Department of Agronomy.
