INF Computer Networks - Lecture 1 (Kiget)

8/19/2019 INF Computer Networks - Lecture 1 (Kiget)

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COMPUTER NETWORKS - INF 360

Nicholas Kiget

Office EDea!t"e#t of I#fo!"atio# Tech#olog$School of I#fo!"atio# Scie#cesMoi U#i%e!sit$

Cell Phone : 0721246397

Email: [email protected] / [email protected]


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&'o(t "e)

Reseach !nteests :

"i# Com$uting an# Clou# Com$uting

E%&eaning

'gi(usiness !ncu(ation 'ca#emic !n)omation

P*+ ,!- ,tu#ent i(a(ii niesit

sc ,!- 5 -

sc ,Com$ute cience 5 '-

CCNA, MCP, IT Essentials Trainer

E*e!ie#ce

Moi U#i%e!sit$ - +ect(!e!

MMUST - +ect(!e! , ea!s

MMUST - Net.o!/ &"i#ist!ato! 3 ea!s


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Co(!se Co#te#t

WK TOPIC SUB TOPIC

1 Network fundamentals Network Types

- Classification. Network taxonomy (Packetswitching, circuit switching) !ireless, "#Ns$

!#Ns$ %#Ns.

2 &nternetworking 'eices - ridges$ *witches$ +outers$ routers$ ateways

3 Network *tandards - thernet$ Token +ing$ ''& ASSIGNMENT 1

4 Network models. - /*&$ TCP0&P.5 CAT 1

6 Network performance andwidth$ Propagation delay$ "atency and

throughput

7 Protocols !ireless Protocols

and *tandards.

&P$ #+P)$ &C%P$ 1'P$ TCP$ TP$ +emote loginT"NT$ *%TP$ 2TTP$ Port Num3ers. ASSIGNMENT 2

8 Network 'esign Paradigms - Peer-to-Peer$ Client-serer.

9 'N* - *tructure of 'N*, 2ow it works

10 CAT 211 Network security. - raming and *ynchroni4ation. low control and

the *liding !indow #lgorithm.

12 merging issues and trends inixed and !ireless 'atacommunication.

- Principles of medium access control %ultipleaccess protocols C*%#0C#$ C*%#0C'$ TokenPassing.

13 Case *tudies14 END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION


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Refe!e#ces

1oo/s

!e. S2 Ta#e#'a(" Computer Network P!e#tice-4all

Do(ghlas E2 Co"e! Co"(te! Net.o!/s a#I#te!#et

8oouan . '. ,200 Data Communications andNetworking . 4th E#. ;e< +elhi: -ata c"a teens +

htt)55...2cisco2co" 5('lic5s(o!t5tac5oc("e#tatio#2ht"l

htt)55...2!ehat2co"5ocs

http://www.cisco.com/http://www.redhat.com/docshttp://www.redhat.com/docshttp://www.cisco.com/


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!ai#g (ieli#es

!ai#g

E*a"s) 708 each

C&Ts 9 &ssig#"e#ts) 308


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Co"(te! Net.o!/s

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERNETWORKS


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Co"(te! Net.o!/s

Co"(te! #et.o!/co##ects t.o o! "o!ea(to#o"o(s co"(te!s2

The co"(te!s ca# 'egeog!ahicall$ locatea#$.he!e2

I#t!o(ctio# to Co"(te! Net.o!/s


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&licatio#s of Net.o!/s


Reso(!ce Sha!i#g*a#


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+&N M&N < W&N


Net.o!/ i# s"all geog!ahical &!ea :Roo" 1(ili#go! a Ca"(s; is calle +&N :+ocal &!ea Net.o!/;

Net.o!/ i# a Cit$ is call M&N :Met!oolita# &!eaNet.o!/;

Net.o!/ s!ea geog!ahicall$ :Co(#t!$ o! ac!osslo'e; is calle W&N :Wie &!ea Net.o!/;


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Net.o!/ Toolog$

The #et.o!/ toolog$efi#es the .a$ i#.hich co"(te!s!i#te!s a# othe!e%ices a!e co##ecte2& #et.o!/ toolog$esc!i'es the la$o(t ofthe .i!e a# e%ices as.ell as the aths (se

'$ ata t!a#s"issio#s2



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1(s Toolog$

Co""o#l$ !efe!!e toas a li#ea! '(s all thee%ices o# a '(s

toolog$ a!e co##ecte'$ o#e si#gle ca'le2



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Sta! < T!ee Toolog$


The sta! toolog$ is the "ostco""o#l$ (se a!chitect(!e i#Ethe!#et +&Ns2

Whe# i#stalle the sta!

toolog$ !ese"'les so/es i#a 'ic$cle .heel2

+a!ge! #et.o!/s (se thee*te#e sta! toolog$ alsocalle t!ee toolog$2 Whe#

(se .ith #et.o!/ e%ices thatfilte! f!a"es o! ac/ets li/e'!iges s.itches a# !o(te!sthis toolog$ sig#ifica#tl$!e(ces the t!affic o# the .i!es'$ se#i#g ac/ets o#l$ to the.i!es of the esti#atio# host2


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Ri#g Toolog$


& f!a"e t!a%els a!o(# the !i#gstoi#g at each #oe2 If a #oe.a#ts to t!a#s"it ata it as theata as .ell as the esti#atio#

a!ess to the f!a"e2The f!a"e the# co#ti#(es a!o(#the !i#g (#til it fi#s theesti#atio# #oe .hich ta/es theata o(t of the f!a"e2

ingle ing 5 'll the #eices onthe net


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Mesh Toolog$

The "esh toolog$co##ects all e%ices:#oes; to each othe!fo! !e(#a#c$ a#fa(lt tole!a#ce2

It is (se i# W&Ns toi#te!co##ect +&Ns a#fo! "issio# c!itical#et.o!/s li/e those(se '$ 'a#/s a#fi#a#cial i#stit(tio#s2

I"le"e#ti#g the "eshtoolog$ is e*e#si%ea# iffic(lt2



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Net.o!/ Co"o#e#ts


Ph$sical Meia

I#te!co##ecti#g De%ices

Co"(te!sNet.o!/i#g Soft.a!e

&licatio#s


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Net.o!/i#g Meia

Net.o!/i#g "eia ca#'e efi#e si"l$ asthe "ea#s '$ .hich

sig#als :ata; a!e se#tf!o" o#e co"(te! toa#othe! :eithe! '$ ca'leo! .i!eless "ea#s;2



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Net.o!/i#g De%ices


4U1 S.itches Ro(te!sWi!eless &ccess Poi#tsMoe"s etc2


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Co"(te!s) Clie#ts a# Se!%e!sI# a clie#t5se!%e!#et.o!/ a!!a#ge"e#t#et.o!/ se!%ices a!elocate i# a eicateco"(te! .hose o#l$f(#ctio# is to !eso#to the !e=(ests ofclie#ts2

The se!%e! co#tai#s the

file !i#t alicatio#sec(!it$ a# othe!se!%ices i# a ce#t!alco"(te! that isco#ti#(o(sl$ a%aila'le

to !eso# to clie#t!e=(ests2



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Net.o!/i#g P!otocol) TCP5IP



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Net.o!/i#g Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N TEC4NO+OIES

W&N TEC4NO+OIESWIRE+ESS TEC4NO+OIES


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+&N < W+&N TEC4NO+OIESOtio#s

Ethe!#et

Fast Ethe!#et

iga'it Ethe!#et>0 ig Ethe!#et

Wifi

+&N Tech#ologies


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Ethe!#et a# Wifi Meia &ccessEthe!#et a# Wi-Fi a!e 'oth ?"(lti-access@tech#ologies

oa#cast me#ium= shae# ( man hosts

imultaneous tansmissions


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Ethe!#et :A0,23;>0 1ase B :Thic/#et; :1(s Toolog$;

>0 1ase , :Thi##et; :1(s Toolog$;

>0 1ase T :UTP; :Sta!5T!ee Toolog$;

>0 1ase F+ :Fi'e!; :Sta!5T!ee Toolog$;

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N T h l i


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Ethe!#etPh$sical Meia )-

10 ase % -hick Co%aial Ca(le


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Ethe!#et CSM&5CDCSM&5CD :ca!!ie! se#se "(ltile access .ithcollisio# etectio#; "eia access !otocol is (se2

+ata is tansmitte# in the )om o) $ackets.

ense channel $io to actual $acket tansmission.

-ansmit $acket onl i) channel is sense# i#leBelse= #e)e the tansmission until channel (ecomesi#le.

')te $acket tansmission is state#= the no#e

monitos its o


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Ethe!#et &!essE# #oes a!e ie#tifie '$ thei! Ethe!#et

&!esses :M&C &!ess o! 4a!.a!e &!ess;

.hich is a (#i=(e 6 1$te a!ess2

M&C &!ess is !e!ese#te i# 4e*a Deci"al fo!"ate2g 00)0B)BD)FE)>0)0&

The fi!st 3 '$tes ie#tif$ a %e#o! :also calle !efi*;

a# the last 3 '$tes a!e (#i=(e fo! e%e!$ host o!

e%ice

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N T h l i


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Ethe!#et 1US Toolog$

+&N Tech#ologies

Re$eate

+&N Tech#ologies


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Ethe!#et ST&R Toolog$

+&N Tech#ologies

*u(

+&N Tech#ologies


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Fast Ethe!#et>00 M's 'a#.ith

Uses sa"e CSM&5CD "eia access !otocol a#ac/et fo!"at as i# Ethe!#et2

>001aseT :UTP; a# >001aseF :Fi'e!; sta#a!s

Ph$sical "eia )-100 ase- % -P Cat e100 ase8 % ultimo#e / inglemo#e 8i(e

F(ll D(le*54alf D(le* oe!atio#s2

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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Fast Ethe!#etP!o%isio# fo! &(to-Negotiatio# of "eia see)>0 M's o! >00M's :o(la!l$ a%aila'le fo! coe!"eia o#l$;2

Ma*i"(" Seg"e#t +e#gth>00 1ase T - >00 ">00 1ase F - , K" :M(lti"oe Fi'e!;>00 1ase F - ,0 /" :Si#gle"oe Fi'e!;

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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iga'it Ethe!#et> 's 'a#.ith2

Uses sa"e CSM&5CD "eia access !otocol as i#Ethe!#et a# is 'ac/.a! co"ati'le :>05>005>00"o(les a!e a%aila'le;2

>0001aseT :UTP; >0001aseS :M(lti"oe Fi'e!;a# >0001ase+ :M(lti"oe5Si#gle"oe Fi'e!;sta#a!s2

Ma*i"(" Seg"e#t +e#gth1000 ase - % 100m ,Cat e/61000 ase % 27 m ,ultimo#e 8i(e1000 ase & % 12 m ,ultimo#e 8i(e1000 ase & % 20 m ,inglemo#e 8i(e1000 ase &* % A0 m ,inglemo#e 8i(e

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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>0 iga Ethe!#et>0 's 'a#.ith2

Uses sa"e CSM&5CD "eia access !otocol as i#

Ethe!#et2

P!oositio#e fo! Met!o-Ethe!#et

Ma*i"(" Seg"e#t +e#gth

1000 ase%- % ;ot aaila(le

10"ase%&R % 10 m ,inglemo#e 8i(e

10"ase%ER % 40 m ,inglemo#e 8i(e

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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A0,2>> Wi!eless +&N

P!o%ies #et.o!/ co##ecti%it$ o%e! .i!eless "eia

&ccess Poi#t :&P; is i#stalle to act as 1!ige'et.ee# Wi!eless a# Wi!e Net.o!/

The &P is co##ecte to .i!e #et.o!/ a# is

e=(ie .ith a#te##ae to !o%ie .i!eless

co##ecti%it$

+&N Tech#ologies

Ne!"#$

%"&&e%'(')

" *e+e,-%)

!'#e. /AN

De$"

!'* PCI 80211 /AN %-#.

/-"

!'* PCMCIA 80211 /AN %-#.A%%e P"'&

+&N Tech#ologies


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A0,2>> Wi!eless +&NRa#ge : Dista#ce 'et.ee# &ccess Poi#t a# W+&N

clie#t; ee#s o# st!(ct(!al hi#!a#ces a# RF

gai# of the a#te##a at the &ccess Poi#t

To se!%ice la!ge! a!eas "(ltile &Ps "a$ 'e

i#stalle .ith a ,0-308 o%e!la

& clie#t is al.a$s associate .ith o#e &P a# .he#

the clie#t "o%es close! to a#othe! &P it associates

.ith the #e. &P :4a#-Off;

Th!ee fla%o!s)

A02.11(

A02.11a

A02.11g

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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W+&N ) A0,2>>'The "ost o(la! A0,2>> sta#a! c(!!e#tl$ i#elo$"e#t2

S(o!ts > , B2B a# >> M's ata !ates i# the ,24 ISM :I#(st!ial-Scie#tific-Meical; 'a#

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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W+&N ) A0,2>>aOe!ates i# the B 4 UNII :U#lice#se Natio#alI#fo!"atio# I#f!ast!(ct(!e; 'a#

I#co"ati'le .ith e%ices oe!ati#g i# ,24

S(o!ts Data !ates ( to B M's2

+&N Tech#ologies

+&N Tech#ologies


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W+&N ) A0,2>>gS(o!ts ata !ates as high as B M's o# the ,24 'a#

P!o%ies 'ac/.a! co"ati'ilit$ .ith A0,2>>'e=(i"e#t

+&N Tech#ologies


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What is WIM&

• WiM& ,Wo!l.ie I#te!oe!a'ilit$ fo!Mic!o.a%e &ccess

is a telecommunications $otocol that

$oi#es )ie# an# mo(ile !ntenet access.-he cuent ?i' eision $oi#es u$ to

40 (it/s


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What is WIM&

• ?i' is an !P (ase#=


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What is Wi"a*

• ?i' is a


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What is WIM&

• -he name G?i'G


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What is last "ile oe!atio#

• -he Glast "ileG o Glast /ilo"ete! G is the)inal leg o) #elieing connectiit )om a

communications $oi#e to a custome.

-he $hase is thee)oe o)ten use# ( thetelecommunications an# ca(le teleision

in#usties. -he actual #istance o) this leg

ma (e consi#ea(l moe than a mile=

es$eciall in ual aeas.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometer


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What is last "ile oe!atio#

• !t is t$icall seen as an e$ensie

challenge (ecause G)anning outG


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T!" Te%*&"+",'e "# Se&.'&, Me-,e

1. Packet%s


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P-%$e S!'%*'&,

• !n $acket%(ase# net


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P-%$e S!'%*'&,

•

Each $acket is sent


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P-%$e S!'%*'&,

#dantages• *ecurity

• andwidth used to full potential

•

'eices of different speeds can communicate• Not affected 3y line failure (redirects signal)

• #aila3ility 5 no waiting for a directconnection to 3ecome aaila3le

•'uring a crisis or disaster, when the pu3lictelephone network might stop working, e-mails and texts can still 3e sent ia packetswitching


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P-%$e S!'%*'&,

'isadantages• 1nder heay use there can 3e a delay

• 'ata packets can get lost or 3ecome

corrupted• Protocols are needed for a relia3le transfer

• Not so good for some types data streams (e.g.

real-time ideo streams can lose frames due

to the way packets arrie out of se6uence)


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C'#%' S!'%*'&,

• Circuit switching was designe# in 1A7A in o#e

to sen# tele$hone calls #o


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C'#%' S!'%*'&,

• -hee ae thee $hases in cicuit s


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C'#%' S!'%*'&,

• !n mo#en cicuit%s


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C'#%' S!'%*'&,

• ?ith the e$an#e# use o) the !ntenet

)o oice an# i#eo= analsts $e#ict a

ga#ual shi)t a


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'#antages• Cicuit is #e#icate# to the call 5 no

inte)eence= no shaing

• "uaantee# the )ull (an#


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+isa#antages• !ne))icient 5 the eFui$ment ma (e unuse#

)o a lot o) the callB i) no #ata is (eing sent=

the #e#icate# line still emains o$en.• !t takes a elatiel long time to set u$ the

cicuit.

• +uing a cisis o #isaste= the net


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Routing is an essential $at o) a $acket s

Documents

INF Computer Networks - Lecture 1 (Kiget)