Industrial or White Biotechnology · 2017-07-05 · Industrial or White Biotechnology - Research for Europe 3 The impact of Industrial Biotechnology The environmentbenefits because

Industrial or White Biotechnology

Research for Europe

Industrial or White Biotechnology - Research for Europe1

Industrial or White BiotechnologyResearch for Europe


I. White biotechnology: a vital part of a sustainable, competitive economy

The European Union is at a crucial stage of development. It is committed to becoming a globally-competitive knowledge-based economy, while also moving towards a more sustainable model forindustry. In addition, it has recently undergone a period of major enlargement – from 15 to 25Member States – and significant reforms are in the air, including for the Common AgriculturalPolicy. Against this backdrop of challenge and change, Industrial Biotechnology is set to play animportant part in the future success of the European economy and society.

In 2004, the European Technology Platform for Sustainable Chemistry (SusChem) was set up, withIndustrial (or White) Biotechnology as one of the three pillars. All stakeholders – industry,academia, interest groups and Member States – have jointly developed a Strategic ResearchAgenda (SRA) for Sustainable Chemistry. This SRA will be followed by a more detailed Action Plan.

The SusChem section on Industrial Biotechnology, coordinated by EuropaBio and ESAB (EFBsection on Applied Biocatalysis), with European Commission funding, is proposing thestakeholders’ strategy for Industrial Biotechnology to be a cornerstone of the knowledge-basedbio-economy. The overall goal of Industrial Biotechnology is to develop new bio-basedtechnologies to convert renewable raw materials into chemicals, materials and bio-energy.

This document, a summary of the Industrial Biotechnology section input to the SusChem SRA,looks into the future impact of Industrial Biotechnology and lays out the major research areaswhich must be addressed to move from a flourishing set of scientific disciplines to a majorcontributor to a successful future knowledge-based economy. It focuses in particular on theresearch needed to underpin three broad topics: biomass, bio-processes and bio-products,including bio-energy.

II. What is Industrial Biotechnology, and why is it important?Industrial Biotechnology, also known as White Biotechnology, is the modern use and application ofbiotechnology for the sustainable processing and production of chemicals, materials and fuels.Biotechnological processing uses enzymes and micro-organisms to make products in a wide rangeof industrial sectors including chemicals, pharmaceuticals, food and feed, detergents, paper andpulp, textiles, energy, materials and polymers. Mankind has already benefited from biotech for along time, but with the advance of new technologies and a much deeper understanding of cellmetabolism and materials science, many new opportunities have been identified, and others arecontinuing to emerge.

A renewed interest in the sustainability of industrial processes has also contributed tobiotechnology’s attractiveness. All major facets of European society and economic activity,including agriculture, environmental protection and industry are being challenged to demonstratetheir sustainability. Industrial Biotechnology can make a major contribution. It can, for example:

• make agriculture (in its broadest sense, including forestry) more competitive and sustainable bycreating new non-food markets;

• improve the quality of life of European citizens while reducing environmental impact bydeveloping innovative products at affordable costs; and

• help industry increase its economic and environmental efficiency (eco-efficiency) and sustaina-bility, while maintaining or improving its competitive advantage and ability to generate growth.

White Biotechnology can make a positive impact across all three dimensions of ainability: Society,the Environment and the Economy. In short, Industrial Biotechnology is a cornerstone of theknowledge-based bio-economy. It adds value to agricultural products and builds new industrialproduction schemes targeted towards an overall greater degree of sustainability.


The impact of Industrial Biotechnology

The environment benefits because biotechnological processes are efficient users of (oftenrenewable) raw materials, creating little end-of-pipe waste, which itself can be often used asinput into a further biological process. At the same time, moving from chemical to biologicalprocesses can lead to significant reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption,and water use.

In parallel, the economy benefits as biotechnology enables the introduction of more efficient, lessenergy-intensive processes. Already, fermentation and enzymatic processes are commonly used inthe fine chemicals sector, to produce for example vitamins, pharmaceutical intermediates andflavours. They are also making their first inroads into larger volume segments such as polymers,bulk chemicals and bio-fuels, and many other industrial sectors. Some recent reports (such as thoseby BCC Inc1. and Freedonia2) predict annual growth rates of nearly 5% for fermentation products(compared to 2-3% for overall chemical production) in the coming years, while others (such as theone by McKinsey & Company3) predict much higher growth rates and consequently estimatebiotechnology to be applied in the production of up to 10% of all chemicals sold by the year 2010.Although numbers differ, all studies agree that industrial biotechnology will play an increasinglysignificant role in the chemical and other manufacturing industries in the future.

Together, these environmental and economic benefits will contribute towards a moresustainable society, with greater opportunities for job creation and retention, and a reduceddependence on fossil fuels.

Products of Industrial Biotechnology

Biotechnology can both replace existing chemical processes and allow the production of newproducts. Already, there are many products of biotechnology in the fine chemicals sector, wherethe high specificity and mild reaction conditions of enzymes and cellular processes provideclear quality and efficiency advantages.

But there are still challenges to be faced to enable greater use of biological processes in thissector as well as many others. These – which must be addressed via the Strategic ResearchAgenda – include the sensitivity of many biocatalysts to high substrate and productconcentrations, and their preference for an aqueous environment, when the majority ofchemical products have very limited solubility in water.

However, a brief review of some industrial sectors shows the potential offered bybiotechnological processing:

• Bulk chemicals: Fermentation processes are already used to produce a number of importantchemicals at very-high volumes, including L-glutamic acid, citric acid and Vitamin C. Thisrange is expected to increase as petrochemical feedstocks become more expensive. Newbulk polymers such as bio-degradable plastics and monomers (eg 1,3-propanediol for novelpolyester production) have also come on stream, and there is almost unlimited scope forfurther development based on tailored enzymes and micro-organisms. Looking to thefuture, biotechnology will allow the production of new polymers with improved functionality,not possible by conventional processes. These could include improved liquid crystals andmaterials with superior mechanical properties or temperature resistance.

1 World Market for Fermentation Ingredients, Study GA-103R by Business Communications Company Inc.,Norwalk,

March 2005.2 Fermentation Chemicals, Industry Study 1921 by The Freedonia Group Inc., Cleveland, May 2005.3 Bachmann R., McKinsey & Company, Industrial Biotech – New Value-Creation Opportunities, Presentation at theBio-

Conference, New York, 2003.


• Bio-fuels and bio-energy: Europe is increasingly dependent on energy imports, andindigenous sources of energy will play an important role in reducing this dependence. TheEU is a small user of bio-fuels in world terms, but has ambitious targets to increase bio-fuelsubstitution of both petrol and diesel to 5.75% by 2010, rising to 20% by 2020. Abiotechnological process to use cellulosic waste materials such as straw and corn cobs as afermentation source for bio-ethanol would be an enormous step forward, as would abiological process to produce bio-diesel. Biomass can already be used to generatemethane, and could also be a source of hydrogen in future.

• Fine and speciality chemicals: Specialised, high-value chemicals often require complex andinefficient chemical processes for their production. It is not surprising, therefore, that simplerand more efficient biological processes are already important in this sector.

• New materials: In the longer term, nature will serve as the inspiration for entirely novelmaterials and manufacturing processes, for example more efficient solar cell usingcontrolled transport phenomena. Bio-based performance and nano-composite materialswill derive their properties from their specific nano- (or micro-) scale structure, or will beproduced using the principles of natural self-organisation.

III. A vision for 2025The development and use of Industrial Biotechnology is essential to the future competitivenessof European industry and provides a sound technological base for the sustainable society of thefuture.• By the year 2025, an increasing number of chemicals and materials will be produced using

biotechnology in one or more of the processing steps. Biotechnological processes will beused to produce chemicals and materials which are hard or impossible to produceconventionally, or to make existing products in a more efficient way.

• Biotechnology will allow increasingly eco-efficient use of renewable resources as industrial rawmaterials.

• Rural bio-refineries will replace port-based oil refineries wherever it is economically feasible.• Industrial Biotechnology will enable a range of industries to manufacture products in an

economically and environmentally sustainable way.• By 2025, biomass-derived energy based on biotechnology is expected to account for an

increasing share of European energy consumption.• European industry will be innovative and competitive, with sustained cooperation and support

between the research community, industry, agriculture and civil society.• Green Biotechnology will make a substantial contribution to the efficient production of

biomass raw materials.

The stakeholders recognise that this Vision will only become a reality with the appropriateenabling political and economical environment stimulating research and innovation,entrepreneurship, product approval and market development. Such a supportive environmentwill help European industries switch to eco-efficient biological processes - when economicallyfeasible – and benefit from the broad potential of White Biotechnology. When considering suchchanges, it is of paramount importance to carry out extensive and careful comparative life cycleanalysis of the new developments and alternatives, since only the introduction of truly eco-efficient technologies can produce a more sustainable industrial base.


IV. The need for a Strategic Research AgendaModern White Biotechnology is a relatively new discipline, with major areas of knowledge stillto be explored. It offers great development opportunities but appropriate and timely researchneeds to be in place to support innovation. Industrial Biotechnology is by nature a multi-disciplinary area, comprising biology, microbiology, biochemistry, molecular biotechnology,chemistry, engineering etc. Good contacts and coordination are therefore crucial to createtrans-disciplinary synergies to unleash its true potential and allow Industrial Biotechnology tobecome a real driver of innovation and sustainability in Europe.

As a first step on the road to the fulfilment of a vision where the biological sciences play a keyrole in a prosperous and competitive European Union, the Industrial Biotechnology section ofthe Sustainable Chemistry Technology Platform (SusChem) has developed a Strategic ResearchAgenda, which should be seen as part of an overarching SRA for the whole of SusChem. Thiscovers both basic and applied science, and all stakeholders have contributed towards it.

The SusChem Technology Platform will also cooperate on Industrial Biotechnology issues withother Technology Platforms such as: the Bio-fuels, Plants for the Future, Innovative andSustainable use of Forest Resources, Food for Life, Textile and Clothing, and Future ManufacturingTechnologies.

V. The key technological building blocks of Industrial Biotechnology

If the vision is to be fulfilled, the key commercial objectives for an R&D programme are:The development and production of novel, innovative products and processes in a cost- andeco-efficient manner, increasingly using renewable raw materials.The discovery and optimisation of improved microbial strains and biocatalysts.

To achieve these, seven major areas of research and technology were identified cooperativelyby the stakeholders:

• Novel enzymes and micro-organisms• Microbial genomics and bio-informatics• Metabolic engineering and modelling• Biocatalyst function and optimisation• Biocatalytic process design• Fermentation science and engineering• Innovative downstream processing

These will be explored in more detail below. However, it is important to see them as inter-connected components in a cohesive and integrated overall programme of work. Manyindividual disciplines need to be developed to face the challenges of White Biotechnology, butthey can only provide effective solutions if they are properly coordinated. When the programmeis implemented, a number of key horizontal issues also need to be addressed, such ascoordination at European and National levels, technology transfer, overcoming bottlenecks,contribution to standards, impact assessment, as well as issues of perception, awareness andeducation.


The major challenges facing Industrial Biotechnology

Specific key scientific and technological challenges have been identified, which the SRA seeksto address.

In the Biomass area, these are:

• Identifying competitive biomass feedstocks which are best suited for EU needs (availabilityand competitive price).

• Conducting Life Cycle Assessment and economic and environmental impact analysis (eco-efficiency studies) to identify optimal biomass feedstocks for the EU.

• The development and optimisation of viable processes for the conversion of biomassmaterials into substrates suitable for fermentation and bioconversion, (e.g. enzymatic,physical, chemical, or combination treatments).

• The creation of added value for the co- and by-products of bioprocesses, to improve theoverall economics.

• The development of bioprocesses based on other alternative feedstocks such as lignin orglycerol, for the chemical and energy industries.

• The development of a closed loop fermentation cycle (where the “bio-waste” of one processcan be recycled as input for another process), e.g. sugar beet pulp as an untapped biomassfeedstock for future use.

In the Bio-processes and Bio-products area, the challenges are:

• The development of innovative bio-products with new applications and properties. A keychallenge will be the identification of completely new applications.

• As it is sometimes difficult to replace existing products because of the higher price of the bio-product in question, more efficient processes have to be developed, including improvedmicrobes and enzymes, or new properties should be developed or identified for the bio-product.

• The development of new (bio)products with higher performance in existing applications.• The development of novel processes, bioreactors, and bioreactor operating strategies

together with novel downstream processes.• The development of models to predict cellular functioning under industrial production

conditions.

And in the Bio-fuels area, the following additional key technological challenges were identified:

• The development of optimal enzymes and robust fermentation systems (e.g. thermophilicmicro-organisms and enzymes) capable of converting ligno-cellulose directly and fermentingit to produce ethanol or other higher alcohols.

• Making these technologies cost effective.• The development of new fermentation processes based on crude glycerol as a carbon source.• Utilisation of waste fats and side streams of the edible oil processing industry as raw material

for bio-diesel and bulk oleochemical production.• Analysis of the potential to produce bio-diesel economically with biotechnological methods

based on methanol or bio-ethanol.• Identification, evaluation and production of other potential liquid fuels.

The research and development of technologies for bio-fuels production is an important targetin all technology areas described below.


Analysis by technology area

1. Novel enzymes and micro-organisms

This research area aims to identify the novel enzymes and micro-organisms which will providetomorrow’s new products and improved processes. European companies already produce around70% of the world’s industrial enzymes, and have a well-established research base. However, thereis an increasing demand for new enzymes as novel biotechnological processes are developed andrefined. The search for such micro-organisms and enzymes in environments which have had littleattention to date – particularly extreme (eg high temperature and pressure) environments andfreshwater and marine organisms – is expected to be highly productive. Metagenomics and high-throughput screening are both essential technologies.

Many micro-organisms cannot be cultured using conventional laboratory methods. Metagenomicsallows the sequencing and genetic characterisation of the full range of species present in a samplefrom a particular environment at once, and is therefore a key enabling technology in this area.

Libraries of cloned organisms are developed to screen expressed target genes. Automated high-throughput screening technologies can then help researchers find candidate genes which have boththe desired function and are likely to be expressed when transferred to a target micro-organism.

2. Microbial genomics and bio-informatics

A better knowledge of their genetics would improve our understanding of the activities ofmicro-organisms. With good genome mapping, the identification of desirable metabolicpathways and their adaptation into manufacturing processes will be accelerated.

Rapid progress has been made in the techniques and equipment for DNA sequencing,enabling relatively fast mapping of microbial genomes. The vast amount of informationgenerated in this way has to be stored, organised, indexed, and analysed. This need hasresulted in the development of the new field of bio-informatics at the intersection of biology andinformation science. However, the data on candidate genes is of no use until it has beensuccessfully mined and translated into actual knowledge. Unfortunately, the gap between datageneration and its analysis and successful exploitation is becoming wider. There is a real needfor new methods to analyse this data much faster.

Research focus:

• Expansion of the range of biological processes: new and improved microbes and enzymesfor industrial use.

• New functionality and properties of enzymes via the development and implementation ofnew tools and technologies.

• New products or intermediates from bio-transformations.• New technologies to make more organisms suitable for metabolic engineering.

And specifically in the area of biomass conversion and biofuels production:• Robust fermentation strains of micro-organisms, resistant to toxic/inhibitory compounds,

which can use diverse and complex sugar streams.• Innovative cocktails of enzymes and micro-organisms tailored for biomass and industrial or

agricultural waste conversion into fermentable substrates.• New combined treatments of biomass to make all fractions available for further processing

into high-value intermediates and products.


Systems biology covers the range of activities from automated genome annotation to integrationof information from a range of datasets to create an integrated picture of the functions oforganisms, which allows the reconstruction of metabolic pathways. For unfamiliar systems,appropriate algorithms, including known regulatory mechanisms, are needed to allow analysis.This is a sine qua non to allow the integration of data from the range of “-omic” technologies.

3. Metabolic engineering and modelling

As our understanding of microbial metabolism improves, there will be more and moreopportunities to modify bacteria, yeasts and fungi to produce new products and increase yields.

Metabolic engineering typically uses recombinant DNA technology (so-called geneticmodification or engineering) to develop micro-organisms giving improved product yields or evenhaving totally new pathways. Such “designer organisms” can be seen as cell factories and form thecornerstone of Industrial Biotechnology.

Knowledge and research capabilities are well developed in Europe, but attention should now focuson moving beyond a trial and error approach to the development of predictive metabolic models.

4. Biocatalyst function and optimisation

Techniques such as protein engineering, gene shuffling and directed evolution will enable thedevelopment of enzymes better suited to industrial environments. These tools also allow thesynthesis of new biocatalysts for completely novel applications.

Enzymes can produce specific products rapidly and in high yield, but development is oftenneeded to make them suitable for use in industrial processes. The same scientific tools usedfor this also allow the synthesis of new biocatalysts for novel applications. A range ofdisciplines is needed for protein engineering projects, including r-DNA technology,biochemistry, protein crystallography and molecular modelling.

Research focus:• Increasing the availability and usability of genomic information through functional

genomics, systems biotechnology, and bioinformatics.• Improving the understanding in microbial biology: novel genes for a given function,

function of unknown genes, and more complex traits, focusing specifically on industriallyinteresting traits or pathways.

Research Focus:• Better understanding of molecular aspects and micro-organism metabolism under

industrial conditions.• Advanced metabolic engineering research for efficient industrial production of products

such as bio-ethanol, biomaterials, bulk chemicals and specialties including enantiopuremolecules.

• Mathematical modelling of microbial metabolism, directed towards both steady state anddynamic models.

• Design of new pathways and synthetic micro-organisms focusing on the synthesis ofmolecules and products new to nature.

• Novel and efficient production systems focusing on protein synthesis and expression in newhosts to develop new or improved enzymes.


5. Biocatalytic process design

The use of biological processes in industrial environments, possibly integrated withconventional chemistry, requires particular attention to biocatalytic process design. Thecreation of an engineering knowledge base for biotechnology is a prerequisite for its successfulintroduction in industry.

Optimal biocatalytic process design will increase the efficiency of production processes.Because case-based reasoning is the norm, promising process interactions are rarely discoveredand exploited in industrial practice. Therefore, there is a strong need for systematic designtechnology which can devise new high-performance processes quickly and reliably.

6. Fermentation science and engineering

This discipline is at the junction of life sciences, chemistry and chemical engineering and is theheart of Industrial Biotechnology. Europe has strong production skills and a good knowledgebase. As more and more optimised, high-performance micro-organisms are developed, effortsin fermentation engineering will have to increase to keep pace.

Fermentation science and engineering is continuing to profit from advances in specific areas,including computer-aided design, process modelling and control. Fairly standard reactordesigns are currently the norm, since flexibility is needed for the production of variousantibiotics, vitamins etc. However, new processes and high-value products could makeinvestment in unconventional designs worthwhile.

Research Focus:Search for new biocatalysts• Expansion of the range of enzymes for industrial applications.• Use of newly generated information on the biochemical pathways and enzymes to search

for catalysts capable of novel chemical conversions.• Expanded applicability of high-throughput screening methods for activity and

(stereo)selectivity of enzyme and mutant libraries.

Optimization of biocatalysts• Optimisation of biocatalysts by directed evolution and/or rational design.• In depth understanding of catalytic enzyme-substrate interactions to enable new enzyme

applications or synthesis of new bio-products.

Research focus:• Integration of bio- (and chemo-) catalysts into industrial processes, as well as development

of robust biocatalysts for industrial processes to ensure successful scale-up.• Direct integration of enzyme production and enzymatic transformation including

downstream processing of target compounds.• Development of modular and multiphase bioreactors.• Reduction of the number of unit operations in biocatalytic processes by using multi-step

bio-reactions without isolation of intermediates, via design of both enzymes andbioreactors.

• Use of cascades of enzymes in a single unit process and whole-cell bioconversion systems.• Development of micro- and nano-devices for chemical and biochemical analysis, including

biochips for molecular and cellular detection and (automated on-line) monitoring.


Research Focus:• Studying the physiology of micro-organisms under extreme conditions: pH and

temperature, slow growth, high concentration of substrates and products to maximiseproduct yield.

• Development of micro-bioreactors as a screening tool to shorten the process developmenttime, based on realistic large scale production conditions.

• Development of engineering tools to design strategies for process intensification, such aslow-cost fermenters, alternative novel reactor concepts, advanced control strategies andsimulation tools for modelling fermentation processes on different scales.

• Combination of energy production and bio-processes for chemical(s) production.

Research focus:• Development of innovative downstream processing techniques such as computer-aided

design systems, and continuous fermentation processes with new in-situ product removaltechniques;

• Development of a toolbox of generic technique (i.e. different techniques for differentgroups of compounds) to cover the majority of product recovery questions inbioconversions;

• Integration of downstream recovery and chemistry to facilitate the further conversion offermentation products, minimising energy and water input as well as waste streams.

As understanding of fermentation media increases, a long term aim should be to use agri-foodwaste streams as a renewable feedstock. A final consideration under this topic is adequatecontainment, particularly when GM micro-organisms are used.

7. Innovative downstream processing

Once made in a bioreactor, products have to be efficiently recovered and purified if the productquality and economics are to be acceptable. Typically, 50-70% of the total cost of abiotechnological process comes from downstream processing, so it is important to develop thisas an integral part of the overall process. However, because the exact requirements are product-specific, generic methods are difficult to develop, and research programmes often neglect thisimportant area. This has resulted in an effective technological bottleneck.

Bio-processes often have low productivity because of enzyme inhibition by high levels ofproduct. Continuous, in situ removal, or other innovative separation techniques, can increaseproductivity markedly. Process integration and intensification is another important topic,particularly for production of bulk chemicals, where efficiency gains are key to making progressagainst conventional production methods.


“An integrated and diversified bio-refinery” – demonstration project

The integrated and diversified bio-refinery is an overall concept of a processing plantwhere biomass feedstocks are converted into a wide range of valuable products. Bio-refineries combine and integrate the technologies necessary to convert biological rawmaterials into industrial intermediates and final products of use to society, coveringtherefore the whole industrial biotechnology value chain.

Considering the current knowledge in biomass conversion, the technological approach willinitially focus on improving and developing techniques for the processing of readilyavailable and easily convertible standardised feedstocks such as starch, glucose andvegetable oils to produce intermediate and final products (ideally novel bio-products). Theinnovative research for the bio-refinery will focus on long term applications. In particular,the second phase R&D will focus on the use of cellulosic and lignocellulosic raw material,and the third phase on diverse raw biomass and organic waste from other industries.

The integrated and diversified bio-refinery will allow large-scale research, testing, andoptimising processes in the production of a wide range of products with the dual aim touse all fractions of biomass and exploit their potential to produce the highest valuepossible in an eco-efficient way. On one hand, it will be able to optimise the production ofbulk chemicals (for direct use, but also as intermediates for other high-value products), andon the other hand it will exploit all by-products of the reaction either by further downstreamprocessing and conversion, or by integration in the bioprocess as input or energy. Researchand development for new products of the integrated and diversified bio-refinery will focuson high-value bio-specialties and performance materials.

Such a project will allow both the study and demonstration of the benefits of the newtechnology in relation to the three pillars of sustainability: People, Planet, Profit.

Industrial or White Biotechnology - Research for Europe

VI. Next steps on the road aheadHaving developed the Strategic Research Agenda, based on the goals set out in the Vision andcompiled by a team representing all major stakeholders, we now have to take the steps to makethis a reality. This will require the continued commitment of both the public and private sectorsat EU and Member State level.

Although this SRA provides a blueprint for the way forward, it should not be seen as rigid andinflexible. As implementation begins, changes will undoubtedly be made as our knowledgebase improves. But a well-defined purpose and set of broad objectives will remain at all timesto avoid the programme splitting into a number of isolated research islands.

The next step is the development of an Implementation Action Plan, putting forward the actionsnecessary to implement the research agenda at European level, within the seventh FrameworkProgramme and other initiatives like the ERA-NET on Industrial Biotechnology, as well as atnational and regional level. This will be done by the Industrial Biotechnology section of theSusChem Technology Platform Other Technology Platforms will also be consulted regardingappropriate joint implementation actions.

The Action Plan will also address economic and environmental assessment, societal issues (inparticular public perception and education), horizontal issues, such as interdisciplinarycooperation at European and national level, technology transfer and contribution to standards,and enabling policies, support and incentives needed to facilitate the plan. Resources,actions and timing to implement the agenda will be detailed. All interested parties areencouraged to take part in the consultation process.

The SusChem Technology Platform seeks to be as inclusive as possible and bring together awide range of stakeholders. All who support the Vision are welcome to contribute. The nextpublic step will be for the draft Action Plan to be made available on the website (in the first halfof 2006).

We are confident that, with the wide-ranging support already in place, and an appropriateenabling policy framework, implementing this Strategic Research Agenda will move usprogressively towards our Vision. The increasing use of renewable raw materials will be of greatbenefit to the European environment. European industry will build on its innovative potentialand become globally competitive. And therefore European society will be launched on a pathof sustainable prosperity.

12

Camille Burel • EuropaBio

Secretariat of the SusChem IB Section

Avenue de l’Armée 6 • 1040 Brussels • Belgium

Phone: +32 (0)2 735 03 13 • Fax : +32 (0)2 735 49 60

email : [email protected] • Website : www.bio-economy.net

This project is co-funded

by the EU Commission

under the Sixth Framework Programme

Documents

Industrial or White Biotechnology · 2017-07-05 · Industrial or White Biotechnology - Research for Europe 3 The impact of Industrial Biotechnology The environmentbenefits because